front:intro pla1 0 # Galatians Study Questions\n\nAsk yourself these questions as you carefully read this letter, and pray to God that he will open your eyes to see his message clearly.
1:1 uk55 basic,observe Παῦλος, ἀπόστολος (οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ δι’ ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 Who does Paul say sent him to be **an apostle**?
1:1 f1b5 basic,interpret οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ δι’ ἀνθρώπου 1 Why does Paul emphasize that his apostleship was **not from men nor through man**?
1:1 qhd9 basic,observe ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 What miraculous work did *God the Father** do for *Jesus Christ**?
1:2 hyp6 basic,observe καὶ οἱ σὺν ἐμοὶ πάντες ἀδελφοί 1 Who joined with Paul in sending this letter to the Galatians?
1:2 hud2 basic,observe ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Γαλατίας 1 To whom specifically did Paul send this letter?
1:3 z9dq basic,observe χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What two things did Paul want **God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ** to give to the believers in Galatia?
1:4 l000 basic,observe τοῦ δόντος ἑαυτὸν περὶ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 What did Jesus give **for our sins**?
1:4 fud1 basic,observe ὅπως ἐξέληται ἡμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος πονηροῦ 1 From what did Jesus rescue believers?
1:4 l001 basic,interpret τοῦ αἰῶνος τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος πονηροῦ 1 What do you think is **evil** about **the present age**?
1:6 h7q1 basic,observe θαυμάζω ὅτι οὕτως ταχέως, μετατίθεσθε ἀπὸ τοῦ καλέσαντος ὑμᾶς ἐν χάριτι Χριστοῦ, εἰς ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον 1 What were the Galatians doing that **amazed** Paul?
1:6 l002 basic,observe μετατίθεσθε ἀπὸ τοῦ καλέσαντος ὑμᾶς ἐν χάριτι Χριστοῦ 1 What were the Galatians **deserting**?
1:6 l003 basic,observe εἰς ἕτερον εὐαγγέλιον 1 To what were the Galatians **turning** in place of **the grace of Christ**?
1:7 gb16 basic,observe ὃ οὐκ ἔστιν\n 1 What was Paul’s opinion of the **gospel** to which the Galatians were turning?
1:7 l004 basic,observe εἰ μή τινές εἰσιν οἱ ταράσσοντες ὑμᾶς, καὶ θέλοντες μεταστρέψαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What was the source of this different **gospel** to which the Galatians were turning?
1:7 a4q9 basic,observe θέλοντες μεταστρέψαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What does Paul believe are the motives of the people who are preaching this different **gospel** to the Galatians?
1:8 l228 basic,observe ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐὰν ἡμεῖς ἢ ἄγγελος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εὐαγγελίζηται ὑμῖν παρ’ ὃ εὐηγγελισάμεθα ὑμῖν, ἀνάθεμα ἔστω! 1 What does Paul say should happen to anyone who preaches **a gospel contrary to the one** Paul preached to the Galatians?
1:8 gzw1 basic,interpret ἄγγελος ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εὐαγγελίζηται ὑμῖν 1 In what way might **an angel from heaven** be able to **preach a gospel** to people?
1:9 d3ua basic,interpret ὡς προειρήκαμεν, καὶ ἄρτι πάλιν λέγω 1 Paul was very clear in verse 8. Why do you think he repeats himself in this verse?
1:9 nnu9 basic,observe εἴ τις ὑμᾶς εὐαγγελίζεται παρ’ ὃ παρελάβετε, ἀνάθεμα ἔστω! 1 Again, what does Paul say should happen to anyone who preaches **a gospel contrary to the one** the Galatians originally received from Paul?
1:10-12 uu87 basic,interpret ἀνθρώπους πείθω & ἀνθρώποις ἀρέσκειν & ἀνθρώποις ἤρεσκον & οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον & οὐδὲ & ἐγὼ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου παρέλαβον αὐτό 1 In verses 10-12, Paul repeatedly emphasizes that his gospel message did not come **from men**. How might this explain why he begins the letter with the statement in verse 1 that his apostleship is from God, and not from men?
1:10 csc9 basic,interpret εἰ ἔτι ἀνθρώποις ἤρεσκον, Χριστοῦ δοῦλος οὐκ ἂν ἤμην 1 Why is it not possible to seek to **please men** and to be **a servant of Christ** at the same time?
1:11-12 c7cj basic,observe γνωρίζω γὰρ ὑμῖν, ἀδελφοί, τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τὸ εὐαγγελισθὲν ὑπ’ ἐμοῦ, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον. & οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐγὼ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου παρέλαβον αὐτό, οὔτε ἐδιδάχθην 1 In verses 11-12, Paul lists three ways in which his **gospel** did not come **from man**. What are those three ways?
1:12 l010 basic,observe ἀλλὰ δι’ ἀποκαλύψεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What was the true source of the gospel that Paul preached?
1:13 l011 basic,observe ἠκούσατε γὰρ τὴν ἐμὴν ἀναστροφήν ποτε ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ, ὅτι καθ’ ὑπερβολὴν ἐδίωκον τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐπόρθουν αὐτήν. 1 How did Paul treat **the church of God** in his **former way of life**?
1:13 jr7f basic,interpretation ἠκούσατε γὰρ τὴν ἐμὴν ἀναστροφήν ποτε ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ 1 What have you read about Paul’s **former way of life in Judaism** in Acts 9?
1:14 l012 basic,observe περισσοτέρως ζηλωτὴς ὑπάρχων τῶν πατρικῶν μου παραδόσεων 1 What was the reason that Paul was **advancing in Judaism beyond many of** his **contemporaries**?
1:14 vyl8 basic,interpret περισσοτέρως ζηλωτὴς ὑπάρχων τῶν πατρικῶν μου παραδόσεων 1 Why would Paul’s zeal for **the traditions of** his Jewish **fathers** cause him to persecute the church?
1:15 abc1 basic,observe ὅτε δὲ εὐδόκησεν ὁ, ἀφορίσας με ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός μου 1 When did God set Paul apart to be an apostle for him?
1:15 wed9 basic,observe καλέσας διὰ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1 What caused God to call Paul to be an apostle and to serve God?
1:16 vq5g basic,observe ἀποκαλύψαι τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐμοὶ, ἵνα εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν 1 Here **so that** introduces the reason that God was pleased **to reveal His Son** in Paul. What was that reason?
1:16 pa9c basic,observe εὐαγγελίζωμαι αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν 1 To whom specifically did God send Paul to preach?
1:16 l013 basic,interpret εὐθέως οὐ προσανεθέμην σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι 1 To whom was Paul referring as the **flesh and blood** whom he did not consult?
1:16 ph9z basic,interpret εὐθέως οὐ προσανεθέμην σαρκὶ καὶ αἵματι 1 Why do you think that Paul is again stressing that he did not consult with other people about the gospel that he received from God?
1:17 bjl6 basic,interpret οὐδὲ ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα πρὸς τοὺς πρὸ ἐμοῦ ἀποστόλους 1 Why is it surprising that Paul did not immediately **go up to Jerusalem** to meet with the other apostles about the gospel he had received?
1:17 ntl8 basic,observe ἀλλὰ ἀπῆλθον εἰς Ἀραβίαν, καὶ πάλιν ὑπέστρεψα εἰς Δαμασκόν 1 Where did Paul go instead of to Jerusalem?
1:17 uwu7 basic,interpret ἀπῆλθον εἰς Ἀραβίαν 1 **Arabia** was a desert area with few people. Why do you think Paul went to spend time there instead of to the religious leaders in Jerusalem?
1:18 b8b7 basic,observe ἔπειτα μετὰ ἔτη τρία, ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα 1 How long did Paul wait after his conversion before he went to Jerusalem?
1:18 c8ss basic,observe ἀνῆλθον εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ἱστορῆσαι Κηφᾶν 1 What was the reason that Paul finally went up to Jerusalem?
1:18 r3aa basic,observe ἱστορῆσαι Κηφᾶν, καὶ ἐπέμεινα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἡμέρας δεκαπέντε 1 How long did Paul stay with Cephas (Peter) in Jerusalem?
1:19 d1zm basic,observe ἕτερον δὲ τῶν ἀποστόλων οὐκ εἶδον, εἰ μὴ Ἰάκωβον, τὸν ἀδελφὸν τοῦ Κυρίου 1 Who else did Paul visit in Jerusalem in addition to Cephas?
1:19 l014 basic,interpret Ἰάκωβον, τὸν ἀδελφὸν τοῦ Κυρίου 1 What was the role of **James, the Lord’s brother** in the Jerusalem church at that time? Why would Paul have visited him?
1:20 sfb1 basic,interpret ἃ δὲ γράφω ὑμῖν, ἰδοὺ, ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ ὅτι οὐ ψεύδομαι. 1 Why is it so important that the Galatians believer that Paul received his gospel directly from God and not from men?
1:21 ki8l basic,observe ἔπειτα ἦλθον εἰς τὰ κλίματα τῆς Συρίας καὶ τῆς Κιλικίας 1 Where is Paul go after spending three weeks in Jerusalem?
1:22 es4l basic,observe ἤμην δὲ ἀγνοούμενος τῷ προσώπῳ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Ἰουδαίας, ταῖς ἐν Χριστῷ 1 According to Paul, what contact did he have with the other churches in Judea during this time?
1:23 l015 basic,observe μόνον δὲ ἀκούοντες ἦσαν, ὅτι ὁ διώκων ἡμᾶς ποτε, νῦν εὐαγγελίζεται τὴν πίστιν, ἥν ποτε ἐπόρθει. 1 What testimony did the churches in Judea hear about Paul while he was in Syria and Cilicia?
2:2 q1p8 basic,observe ἀνέβην δὲ κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν 1 What caused Paul to decide to go to Jerusalem at that time?
2:2 td57 basic,observe καὶ ἀνεθέμην αὐτοῖς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ὃ κηρύσσω ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν 1 What was the purpose for which Paul went to Jerusalem this time?
2:2 sz79 basic,observe κατ’ ἰδίαν δὲ τοῖς δοκοῦσιν, μή πως εἰς κενὸν τρέχω ἢ ἔδραμον. 1 Why did Paul choose to speak **privately to those recognized as leaders**?\n
2:3 abc2 basic,interpret ἀλλ’ οὐδὲ Τίτος ὁ σὺν ἐμοί, Ἕλλην ὤν, ἠναγκάσθη περιτμηθῆναι 1 Considering the role of **Titus**, what question about Paul’s gospel was the point of discussion during the visit Jerusalem?
2:3 hgb9 basic,observe οὐδὲ Τίτος & ἠναγκάσθη περιτμηθῆναι 1 Based on the decision about Titus, did the leaders in the Jerusalem church consider it necessary for believers in Christ to be circumcised?
2:4 l019 basic,observe διὰ δὲ τοὺς παρεισάκτους ψευδαδέλφους, οἵτινες παρεισῆλθον κατασκοπῆσαι τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἡμῶν, ἣν ἔχομεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ἵνα ἡμᾶς καταδουλώσουσιν; 1 Who had insisted that believers in Christ had to be circumcised?
2:4 ie95 basic,observe ψευδαδέλφους, οἵτινες παρεισῆλθον 1 What label did Paul use to refer to the people who preached a gospel that required circumcision?
2:4 x36x basic,observe ἵνα ἡμᾶς καταδουλώσουσιν 1 In Paul’s opinion, what motivated these false brothers to preach a gospel that required circumcision?
2:5 l020 basic,observe οἷς οὐδὲ πρὸς ὥραν εἴξαμεν τῇ ὑποταγῇ 1 How did Paul and the leaders of the Jerusalem church respond to the false brothers who preached that circumcision was necessary for believers in Christ?
2:5 c52s basic,observe ἵνα ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ εὐαγγελίου διαμείνῃ πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 Here **so that** introduces the purpose for which Paul and the Jerusalem church leaders rejected the gospel that included circumcision. What was that purpose?
2:6 p472 basic,observe ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν δοκούντων εἶναί τι\n(ὁποῖοί ποτε ἦσαν, οὐδέν μοι διαφέρει, πρόσωπον ὁ Θεὸς ἀνθρώπου οὐ λαμβάνει) 1 Did Paul consider that the Jerusalem church leaders had the authority to change the message Paul had received by revelation from God?
2:6 l022 basic,observe ἐμοὶ γὰρ οἱ δοκοῦντες οὐδὲν προσανέθεντο 1 Did the Jerusalem church leaders tell Paul to change his gospel message in any way?
2:7 w32h basic,observe ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον ἰδόντες ὅτι πεπίστευμαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς ἀκροβυστίας, καθὼς Πέτρος τῆς περιτομῆς 1 To what groups did God send Paul and Peter to preach?
2:7 qe48 basic,interpret πεπίστευμαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς ἀκροβυστίας, καθὼς Πέτρος τῆς περιτομῆς 1 Although Paul and Peter preached **the gospel** to two different groups of people, was there any difference in that gospel?
2:8 l024 basic,interpret ὁ γὰρ ἐνεργήσας Πέτρῳ εἰς ἀποστολὴν τῆς περιτομῆς, ἐνήργησεν καὶ ἐμοὶ εἰς τὰ ἔθνη 1 Who was **the One** who was at work in the apostleship of both Peter and Paul?
2:8 l025 basic,interpret ὁ & ἐνεργήσας Πέτρῳ εἰς ἀποστολὴν τῆς περιτομῆς, ἐνήργησεν καὶ ἐμοὶ εἰς τὰ ἔθνη 1 Since Paul has stated that the same **One** was at work in his apostleship and in Peter’s, would you expect there to be any difference in the basic facts of their gospel messages?
2:9 j49j basic,observe καὶ γνόντες τὴν χάριν τὴν δοθεῖσάν μοι, Ἰάκωβος καὶ Κηφᾶς, καὶ Ἰωάννης 1 Who at Jerusalem recognized **the grace** that Paul **had been given**?
2:9 ujs1 basic,interpret οἱ δοκοῦντες στῦλοι εἶναι 1 What does Paul want to say about **James, Cephas** and John** by saying they were **reputed to be pillars**?
2:9 asn2 basic,observe δεξιὰς ἔδωκαν ἐμοὶ καὶ Βαρναβᾷ κοινωνίας 1 What symbolic act did the Jerusalem church leaders do to show that they approved of the message that Paul was preaching?
2:9 l026 basic,observe ἵνα ἡμεῖς εἰς τὰ ἔθνη, αὐτοὶ δὲ εἰς τὴν περιτομήν 1 To whom did the Jerusalem church leaders agree that Paul and Barnabas should preach?
2:10 l027 basic,observe μόνον τῶν πτωχῶν ἵνα μνημονεύωμεν 1 What was the only thing the Jerusalem church leaders requested Paul and Barnabas to do in their ministry?
2:10 l028 basic,observe ὃ καὶ ἐσπούδασα αὐτὸ τοῦτο ποιῆσαι 1 Did the request of the Jerusalem church leaders actually make it necessary for Paul and Barnabas to change their ministry to the Gentiles in any way?
2:11 p3jn basic,observe ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν Κηφᾶς εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην, ὅτι κατεγνωσμένος ἦν. 1 Why did Paul oppose Cephas **to his face** when he came to Antioch?
2:11 yp6z basic,interpret ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν Κηφᾶς εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν, κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην 1 What do we learn about Paul’s status and an apostle if he was able to oppose and correct Peter?
2:12 pd7h basic,observe μετὰ τῶν ἐθνῶν συνήσθιεν 1 How did Peter interact with the believing **Gentiles** when he first arrived in Antioch?
2:12 x9qk basic,observe πρὸ τοῦ γὰρ ἐλθεῖν τινας ἀπὸ Ἰακώβου & ὅτε δὲ ἦλθον 1 What caused Peter to change the way he interacted with the Gentile believers in Antioch?
2:12 l030 basic,observe ὑπέστελλεν καὶ ἀφώριζεν ἑαυτόν, φοβούμενος τοὺς ἐκ περιτομῆς 1 In what way did Peter act inappropriately with the Gentile believer after the Jewish believers from Jerusalem arrived?
2:13 q6y3 basic,observe ὥστε καὶ Βαρναβᾶς συναπήχθη αὐτῶν τῇ ὑποκρίσει 1 How did the **hypocrisy** of Peter and the Jewish believers affect **Barnabas**?
2:14 l031 basic,observe ἀλλ’ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 According to Paul, what were Peter and the other Jewish believers doing wrong?
2:14 hgu3 basic,interpret οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 What would it mean for someone to walk **in line with the truth of the gospel**?
2:14 e14e basic,interpret εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων 1 Why do you think Paul rebuked Peter **in front of them all**?
2:14 h6vt basic,observe εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος, ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς 1 What pattern of life was Peter following?
2:14 r2ak basic,observe πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν? 1 What pattern of life was Peter expecting the Gentile believers to adopt?
2:14 duy9 basic,interpret εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος, ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς, πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν? 1 Peter did not follow Jewish customs, but tried to make the Gentile believers follow them. How does that explain why Paul called him a hypocrite in verse 13?
2:15 l032 basic,interpret ἡμεῖς φύσει Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ οὐκ ἐξ ἐθνῶν ἁμαρτωλοί 1 Is Paul saying that Jews are not **sinners**, or that the Jews only consider the Gentiles to be **sinners**?
2:16 l033 basic,observe εἰδότες δὲ ὅτι οὐ δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, ἐὰν μὴ διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,\nκαὶ ἡμεῖς εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐπιστεύσαμεν, ἵνα δικαιωθῶμεν ἐκ πίστεως Χριστοῦ 1 As Jewish believers, by what means do Paul and Peter believe they are justified before God?
2:16 sa5y basic,observe οὐ δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, ἐὰν μὴ διὰ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,\nκαὶ ἡμεῖς εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐπιστεύσαμεν, ἵνα δικαιωθῶμεν ἐκ πίστεως Χριστοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, ὅτι ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σάρξ 1 As Jewish believers, what things do Paul and Peter believe will not justify them before God?
2:16 l034 basic,interpret ἐξ ἔργων νόμου, οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σάρξ 1 In this book, what work of the law were false teachers telling the Galatians to do in order to be saved?
2:17 cda2 basic,observe εἰ δὲ ζητοῦντες δικαιωθῆναι ἐν Χριστῷ, εὑρέθημεν καὶ αὐτοὶ ἁμαρτωλοί, ἆρα Χριστὸς ἁμαρτίας διάκονος? μὴ γένοιτο! 1 According to Paul, being **justified in Christ** by faith means we do not keep or trust in the law of Moses. Does that mean Christ causes us to sin?
2:18 kpw1 basic,observe εἰ γὰρ ἃ κατέλυσα, ταῦτα πάλιν οἰκοδομῶ, παραβάτην ἐμαυτὸν συνιστάνω. 1 When Paul and Peter believed in Jesus, they tore down the authority of the law of Moses in their lives. What will they become if they rebuild the authority of that law over themselves?
2:18 w8yq basic,interpret εἰ γὰρ ἃ κατέλυσα, ταῦτα πάλιν οἰκοδομῶ, παραβάτην ἐμαυτὸν συνιστάνω. 1 By withdrawing from the Gentile believers, in what way was Peter rebuilding the law of Moses in his life?
2:19 z1xr basic,observe ἐγὼ γὰρ διὰ νόμου νόμῳ ἀπέθανον, ἵνα Θεῷ ζήσω 1 As Paul grew in his understanding of **the law**, what did he realize he had to do in order to **live to God**?
2:20 rl4c basic,observe τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ, τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντός με, καὶ παραδόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ 1 What did Christ do for Paul to become worthy to direct the way Paul lives?
2:21 l038 basic,observe οὐκ ἀθετῶ τὴν χάριν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 How important is the **grace of God** to Paul?
2:21 tzh2 basic,observe εἰ γὰρ διὰ νόμου δικαιοσύνη, ἄρα Χριστὸς δωρεὰν ἀπέθανεν 1 Was the death of Christ necessary if it is possible for a person to be righteous by means of the law of Moses?
3:1 bp2n basic,observe οἷς κατ’ ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος 1 According to Paul, what **was clearly portrayed** to the Galatians?
3:1 jmq9 basic,interpret Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος 1 In 2:21, Paul said Christ died for nothing if the law can bring righteousness. Since Christ was indeed **crucified**, does the law have the power to bring righteousness?
3:2 l042 basic,observe ἐξ ἔργων νόμου τὸ Πνεῦμα ἐλάβετε, ἢ ἐξ ἀκοῆς πίστεως? 1 Paul is using this rhetorical question to imply that they received the Holy Spirit by what means?
3:3 ytx7 basic,interpret οὕτως ἀνόητοί ἐστε? 1 Why do you think Paul says a second time that the Galatians are **foolish**?
3:3 l043 basic,observe ἐναρξάμενοι Πνεύματι 1 By what means were the Galatians initially justified before God?
3:3 d3rx basic,observe νῦν σαρκὶ ἐπιτελεῖσθε 1 How are the Galatians now attempting to be justified before God?
3:3 a3eb basic,interpret νῦν σαρκὶ ἐπιτελεῖσθε 1 What act were the false teachers telling the Galatians that they new needed to perform in their literal **flesh** in order to please God?
3:4 l044 basic,observe τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῇ— εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῇ? 1 If the Galatians now tried to be justified by works of the law, what would be the value of their past suffering for Christ?
3:5 fi5q basic,interpret ὁ οὖν ἐπιχορηγῶν ὑμῖν τὸ Πνεῦμα καὶ ἐνεργῶν δυνάμεις ἐν ὑμῖν, ἐξ ἔργων νόμου ἢ ἐξ ἀκοῆς πίστεως? 1 Which thing is Paul implying enabled the Galatians to receive the Holy **Spirit** and experience miracles—the law, or their belief in Christ?
3:5 l045 basic,interpret ὑμῖν τὸ Πνεῦμα καὶ ἐνεργῶν δυνάμεις ἐν ὑμῖν 1 Paul is implying that the Galatians had personally experienced the presence of the Holy Spirit and the work of miracles among them. Why should that be a powerful argument in favor of the power of belief in Christ?
3:6 l046 basic,observe καθὼς Ἀβραὰμ ἐπίστευσεν τῷ Θεῷ καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην. 1 According to this quotation from Genesis, for what reason did God credit **righteousness** to Abraham?
3:7 l048 basic,observe γινώσκετε ἄρα ὅτι οἱ ἐκ πίστεως, οὗτοι υἱοί εἰσιν Ἀβραὰμ. 1 According to Paul, how are people who have faith related to **Abraham**?
3:7 hl55 basic,observe οἱ ἐκ πίστεως, οὗτοι υἱοί εἰσιν Ἀβραὰμ 1 All the Jews considered themselves to be **sons of Abraham**. According to Paul, who is truly a son of Abraham?
3:8 ip26 basic,observe προϊδοῦσα δὲ ἡ Γραφὴ, ὅτι ἐκ πίστεως δικαιοῖ τὰ ἔθνη ὁ Θεὸς 1 What did the **Scriptures** say beforehand would be the method by which God would **justify the Gentiles**?
3:8 z74z basic,observe προευηγγελίσατο τῷ Ἀβραὰμ 1 According to Paul, to whom did God first explain **the gospel**?
3:8 lwd9 basic,interpret ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν σοὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη 1 God said that all nations would be blessed through Abraham. According to verse 6, what did Abraham do to bring that about?
3:10 l053 basic,observe ὅσοι γὰρ ἐξ ἔργων νόμου εἰσὶν ὑπὸ κατάραν εἰσίν 1 According to Paul, what is the condition of everyone who relies **on works of the law**?
3:10 q516 basic,observe ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ὃς οὐκ ἐμμένει πᾶσιν τοῖς γεγραμμένοις ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τοῦ νόμου, τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτά. 1 If a person wants to follow the law, how much of it must they keep perfectly in order not to be cursed?
3:12 fqt7 basic,observe ὁ δὲ νόμος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ πίστεως, ἀλλ’, ὁ ποιήσας αὐτὰ, ζήσεται ἐν αὐτοῖς. 1 According to Paul, is **the law** based on **faith** or on a person’s works?
3:13 l055 basic,observe Χριστὸς ἡμᾶς ἐξηγόρασεν ἐκ τῆς κατάρας τοῦ νόμου, γενόμενος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν κατάρα 1 How did Christ redeem us **from the curse of the law**?
3:13 l056 basic,observe ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 According to the Scriptures, what is the condition of **everyone who is hung on a tree**?
3:13 x53s basic,interpret πᾶς ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου 1 Upon what kind of **tree** was Jesus **hung**?
3:14 l057 basic,observe ἵνα εἰς τὰ ἔθνη ἡ εὐλογία τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ γένηται ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 Here **in order that** introduces the purpose for which Jesus **redeemed us**. What is that purpose?
3:14 l058 basic,interpret ἡ εὐλογία τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ 1 According to verse 8, what was **the blessing promised to Abraham**?
3:14 k866 basic,observe ἵνα τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Πνεύματος λάβωμεν διὰ τῆς πίστεως 1 By what means do believers **receive the promise of the Spirit**?
3:15 l059 basic,observe ὅμως ἀνθρώπου κεκυρωμένην διαθήκην, οὐδεὶς ἀθετεῖ ἢ ἐπιδιατάσσεται 1 What can be changed in **a human covenant, once it is ratified**?
3:16 lx9k basic,observe δὲ Ἀβραὰμ ἐρρέθησαν αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ 1 To whom did God give the covenant **promises**?
3:16 f88l basic,observe καὶ τοῖς σπέρμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν, ἀλλ’ ὡς ἐφ’ ἑνός, καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅς ἐστιν Χριστός 1 Who was Abraham’s **seed** to whom the promises were given?
3:16 hck2 basic,observe οὐ λέγει, καὶ τοῖς σπέρμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν, ἀλλ’ ὡς ἐφ’ ἑνός, καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅς ἐστιν Χριστός 1 How do we know the promises were given to Christ, and not to all the descendants of Abraham?
3:17 l060 basic,observe ὁ μετὰ τετρακόσια καὶ τριάκοντα ἔτη γεγονὼς νόμος 1 After God gave his **promise** to Abraham, how long was it until the **law* came?
3:21 l063 basic,observe ὁ οὖν νόμος κατὰ τῶν ἐπαγγελιῶν? μὴ γένοιτο! 1 Is **the law** and **the promises of God** in conflict with each other?
3:21 wj5i basic,observe εἰ γὰρ ἐδόθη νόμος ὁ δυνάμενος ζῳοποιῆσαι, ὄντως ἐν νόμου ἂν ἦν ἡ δικαιοσύνη 1 Paul is implying that **the law** was given to accomplish a task that was impossible for any law to do. What was that task?
3:22 sii5 basic,observe ἀλλὰ συνέκλεισεν ἡ Γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν 1 Why was it impossible for **the law**, or for any law for that matter, to impart life?
3:22 ee51 basic,observe ἵνα ἡ ἐπαγγελία ἐκ πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δοθῇ τοῖς πιστεύουσιν 1 What is the only way a person can receive **the promise** God made to Abraham?
3:23 v99g basic,observe ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι 1 How does Paul describe the condition of people who were previously under the law?
3:23 ya5v basic,observe πρὸ τοῦ δὲ ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν & εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι. 1 What was **this faith** that freed us from **custody under the law**, and when was it revealed?
3:24 l064 basic,observe ὥστε ὁ νόμος, παιδαγωγὸς ἡμῶν γέγονεν εἰς Χριστόν 1 What image does Paul use to describe the role of **the law**?
3:24 l065 basic,observe εἰς Χριστόν, ἵνα ἐκ πίστεως δικαιωθῶμεν 1 What was the actual purpose of **the law**?
3:25 f69c basic,observe ἐλθούσης δὲ τῆς πίστεως, οὐκέτι ὑπὸ παιδαγωγόν ἐσμεν. 1 After we have believed in Christ, so we still need the law to function as **a guardian** for us?
3:27 k63f basic,observe ὅσοι γὰρ εἰς Χριστὸν ἐβαπτίσθητε, Χριστὸν ἐνεδύσασθε. 1 How have the Galatian believers **clothed** themselves **in Christ**?
3:27 l066 basic,interpret Χριστὸν ἐνεδύσασθε 1 What do you think Paul meant when he said they **have clothed** themselves **in Christ**?
3:28 tiu4 basic,interpret οὐκ ἔνι Ἰουδαῖος οὐδὲ Ἕλλην, οὐκ ἔνι δοῦλος οὐδὲ ἐλεύθερος, οὐκ ἔνι ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ 1 Do you think Paul meant that a person is no longer **Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female**, or that those things no longer matter to God?
3:28 uq3j basic,observe πάντες γὰρ ὑμεῖς εἷς ἐστε ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 How does God view us as a result of our faith in Christ?
3:28 h54t basic,apply οὐκ ἔνι Ἰουδαῖος οὐδὲ Ἕλλην, οὐκ ἔνι δοῦλος οὐδὲ ἐλεύθερος, οὐκ ἔνι ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ, πάντες γὰρ ὑμεῖς εἷς ἐστε ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ. 1 How important is the common bond believers have in Christ,compared to the other differences between us?
3:29 u9db basic,observe εἰ δὲ ὑμεῖς Χριστοῦ, ἄρα τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ σπέρμα ἐστέ, κατ’ ἐπαγγελίαν κληρονόμοι. 1 What spiritual blessings do believers in Christ share?
3:29 kf73 basic,observe κατ’ ἐπαγγελίαν κληρονόμοι 1 What has enabled us to be **heirs** with Christ?
4:1 gc1e basic,interpret λέγω δέ, ἐφ’ ὅσον χρόνον ὁ κληρονόμος νήπιός ἐστιν, οὐδὲν διαφέρει δούλου 1 In what ways would **a child** be **no different than a slave**?
4:1 g8rc basic,interpret ἐφ’ ὅσον χρόνον ὁ κληρονόμος νήπιός ἐστιν, οὐδὲν διαφέρει δούλου, κύριος πάντων ὤν 1 Although a child is technically **the heir** and **the owner of everything** that belongs to his father, what limitations does he have in making use of those things?
4:2 vxj4 basic,observe ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἐπιτρόπους ἐστὶ καὶ οἰκονόμους, ἄχρι τῆς προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός 1 How long is a child **subject to guardians and trustees**?
4:2 jp51 basic,interpret ἄχρι τῆς προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός 1 What will happen to the child on **the date set by his father**?
4:3 l067 basic,interpret οὕτως καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὅτε ἦμεν νήπιοι 1 In this spiritual analogy, when were we **children**, and what was the guardian to which **we were enslaved**?
4:3 hgz7 basic,observe ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι 1 Before the Galatians believed in Christ, what were the **basic principles of the world** that controlled them?
4:4 zhr5 basic,interpret ὅτε δὲ ἦλθεν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ χρόνου 1 In what way does **the time** refer back to “the date set by his father” in verse 2 of this analogy?
4:4 k3fv basic,observe ἐξαπέστειλεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, γενόμενον ἐκ γυναικός, γενόμενον ὑπὸ νόμον 1 What did **God** the Father do for his children when **the time had fully come**?
4:5 tg6y basic,observe ἵνα τοὺς ὑπὸ νόμον ἐξαγοράσῃ, ἵνα τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν 1 What was the purpose for which God sent His Son Jesus into the world?
4:5 gsy2 basic,observe ἵνα τὴν υἱοθεσίαν ἀπολάβωμεν 1 Since Christ has redeemed us from our position as children under the guardianship of **the law**, what is the current status of believers?
4:6 l37l basic,observe ὅτι δέ ἐστε υἱοί, ἐξαπέστειλεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ Πνεῦμα τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰς καρδίας ἡμῶν κρᾶζον, Ἀββά, ὁ Πατήρ! 1 When we were adopted as **sons**, what did give to us to testify to our new status?
4:6 xng2 basic,observe τὸ Πνεῦμα τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰς καρδίας ἡμῶν 1 Where does God’s Spirit now reside if we believe in Jesus?
4:8 l068 basic,observe ἀλλὰ τότε μὲν οὐκ εἰδότες Θεὸν, ἐδουλεύσατε τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσι θεοῖς 1 Before the Galatians knew God, to who, were they spiritual **slaves**?
4:8 pb8u basic,interpret τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσι θεοῖς 1 What did the Galatians worship before, which Paul says **by nature are not gods**?
4:9 s51c basic,interpret νῦν δὲ γνόντες Θεόν 1 What does Paul mean when he says they **know God**? Is it possible to fully know God?
4:9 nt8x basic,interpret μᾶλλον δὲ γνωσθέντες ὑπὸ Θεοῦ 1 Why would it be more accurate to say that we **are known by God**? Can God fully know a person?
4:9 l069 basic,apply πῶς ἐπιστρέφετε πάλιν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ πτωχὰ στοιχεῖα 1 Paul is amazed that the Galatians turned from a personal relationship with God—knowing him and being known by him—to do various works to try to win God’s favor. Does their action seem as shocking to you as it did to Paul?
4:9 ee3q basic,observe οἷς πάλιν ἄνωθεν δουλεύειν θέλετε? 1 According to Paul, if the Galatians turned back to these old rules, what would their final condition be?
4:9 yuu2 basic,apply οἷς πάλιν ἄνωθεν δουλεύειν θέλετε? 1 In the analogy Paul has presented, the Galatians are like a man being adopted as a son, but then deciding he would rather be treated like a child under the direction of a guardian again. Would a reasonable person choose to do that?
4:10 z2he basic,observe ἡμέρας παρατηρεῖσθε, καὶ μῆνας, καὶ καιροὺς, καὶ ἐνιαυτούς. 1 What were the Galatians now observing in order to try to please God?
4:10 d8g6 basic,apply ἡμέρας παρατηρεῖσθε, καὶ μῆνας, καὶ καιροὺς, καὶ ἐνιαυτούς 1 Do you know anyone who falsely thinks he can please God by observing special days instead of by faith?
4:11 l070 basic,observe ἡμέρας παρατηρεῖσθε, καὶ μῆνας, καὶ καιροὺς, καὶ ἐνιαυτούς 1 What will be the result of Paul’s ministry among the Galatians if they continue to follow these old works?
4:12 g5u1 basic,interpret γίνεσθε ὡς ἐγώ 1 Paul wants the Galatians to live like he does. What does Paul do to gain God’s favor?
4:12 hyt3 basic,interpret ὅτι κἀγὼ ὡς ὑμεῖς 1 Although Paul is a Jew, the way he lived among the Galatians brought him into conflict with Cephas in chapter 2. How was Paul living among them?
4:12 qc9k basic,observe οὐδέν με ἠδικήσατε 1 How had the Galatians treated Paul when he was with them?
4:13 by4a basic,observe οἴδατε δὲ ὅτι δι’ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς, εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν τὸ πρότερον 1 What was the reason Paul first **preached the gospel** to the Galatians?
4:14 l072 basic,observe καὶ τὸν πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου, οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε οὐδὲ ἐξεπτύσατε, ἀλλὰ ὡς ἄγγελον Θεοῦ ἐδέξασθέ με, ὡς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν. 1 How did the Galatians receive Paul when we first came to them?
4:14 l073 basic,interpret καὶ τὸν πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου, οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε οὐδὲ ἐξεπτύσατε 1 Why would it have been reasonable for the Galatians to reject Paul when he first came to them as a sick stranger?
4:14 nt87 basic,interpret ἐξεπτύσατε, ἀλλὰ ὡς ἄγγελον Θεοῦ ἐδέξασθέ με, ὡς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν 1 What does Paul mean when he says the Galatians welcomed him as if he were **an angel of God** or **Christ Jesus Himself**?
4:15 hfk3 basic,interpret ποῦ οὖν ὁ μακαρισμὸς ὑμῶν? 1 Apparently, the Galatians no longer held such a high opinion of Paul. What caused them to no longer honor him?
4:15 l074 basic,observe μαρτυρῶ γὰρ ὑμῖν, ὅτι εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες, ἐδώκατέ μοι. 1 What does this statement tell us about the likely nature of Paul’s illness when he first came to Galatia?
4:15 dd2i basic,interpret μαρτυρῶ γὰρ ὑμῖν, ὅτι εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες, ἐδώκατέ μοι. 1 What does this statement tell us about the way the Galatians valued Paul when he first visited them?
4:16 j2xc basic,observe ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα, ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν? 1 According to Paul, how to the Galatians now view him?
4:16 l075 basic,observe ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν 1 What has caused the Galatians to view Paul as an **enemy**?
4:16 f4ul basic,interpret ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα, ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν? 1 How was it possible that the Galatians went from from being willing to tear out their eyes for Paul, to considering him their enemy?
4:17 l076 basic,observe ζηλοῦσιν ὑμᾶς οὐ καλῶς, ἀλλὰ ἐκκλεῖσαι ὑμᾶς θέλουσιν, ἵνα αὐτοὺς ζηλοῦτε. 1 For what purpose are the false teachers **zealous**for the Galatians?
4:18 gm1k basic,observe καλὸν δὲ ζηλοῦσθαι ἐν καλῷ 1 Under what condition is it **good to be zealous**?
4:18 ya7d basic,observe πάντοτε, καὶ μὴ μόνον ἐν τῷ παρεῖναί με πρὸς ὑμᾶς 1 When does Paul want the Galatians **to be zealous** for **a noble purpose**?
4:19 ip8w basic,observe τέκνα μου 1 How does Paul here address the Galatian believers?
4:19 l077 basic,interpret οὓς πάλιν ὠδίνω, μέχρις οὗ μορφωθῇ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν 1 Why do you think Paul uses the image of **childbirth** to describe his current feeling towards the Galatians?
4:20 l078 basic,interpret ἤθελον δὲ παρεῖναι πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἄρτι, καὶ ἀλλάξαι τὴν φωνήν μου 1 In what way do you think Paul wants to **change** his **tone** with which he is writing to the Galatians?
4:20 t4e7 basic,interpret ὅτι ἀποροῦμαι ἐν ὑμῖν 1 What are the Galatians doing that is causing Paul to be **perplexed**?
4:21 l079 basic,observe λέγετέ μοι, οἱ ὑπὸ νόμον θέλοντες εἶναι 1 How does Paul here address the Galatians?
4:21 ium2 basic,interpret τὸν νόμον οὐκ ἀκούετε? 1 In this rhetorical question, is Paul implying that the Galatians do or do not **understand what the law says**?
4:22 w3kq basic,observe Ἀβραὰμ δύο υἱοὺς ἔσχεν; ἕνα ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης, καὶ ἕνα ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας 1 What difference does Paul cite between the mothers of Abraham’s two children?
4:22 gn28 basic,interpret ἕνα ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης, καὶ ἕνα ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας 1 Sarah was Abraham’s wife, and Hagar was her servant. Which one does Paul call **the slave woman** and which does he call **the free woman**?
4:23 qu93 basic,observe ἀλλ’ ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης, κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται 1 According to Paul, what caused Abraham’s son Ishamel to be born **from the slave girl**?
4:23 sdg1 basic,observe ὁ δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας, δι’ ἐπαγγελίας 1 According to Paul, what caused Abraham’s son Isaac to be born **by the free woman**?
4:23 l080 basic,interpret ἀλλ’ ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης, κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται; ὁ δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας, δι’ ἐπαγγελίας. 1 In what way was Isaac the only son who was born to Abraham **through promise**?
4:24 mi2u basic,observe ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα, αὗται γάρ εἰσιν δύο διαθῆκαι 1 What does Paul say the two wives of Abraham **represent**?
4:24 l081 basic,observe μία μὲν ἀπὸ Ὄρους Σινά εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα, ἥτις ἐστὶν Ἁγάρ 1 What **covenant** did God give to the Israelites at **Mount Sinai**?
4:24 qw1j basic,observe μία μὲν ἀπὸ Ὄρους Σινά εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα 1 What is the condition of the **children** of the **covenant** that is **from Mount Sinai**?
4:24 l082 basic,interpret ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα & ἥτις ἐστὶν Ἁγάρ 1 Why do you think Paul says **Hagar** and Sarah only **serve as illustrations** of the two covenants?
4:25 l083 basic,observe τὸ δὲ Ἁγὰρ Σινά Ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ, συνστοιχεῖ δὲ τῇ νῦν Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 In Paul’s illustration, Hagar **stands for** what place, and **corresponds to** what city?
4:25 g7uh basic,interpret δουλεύει γὰρ μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 What caused the people at **MountSinai** and in **Jerusalem** to be spiritually **in slavery**?
4:25 pz97 basic,interpret Σινά Ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ & τῇ νῦν Ἰερουσαλήμ 1 What was the basis of worship both at **Mount Sinai in Arabia** and in **the present-day Jerusalem**?
4:26 c7xf basic,observe ἡ δὲ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἐλευθέρα ἐστίν, ἥτις ἐστὶν μήτηρ ἡμῶν. 1 In Paul’s illustration, what does **the Jerusalem above** represent?
4:26 l6lt basic,interpret ἡ & ἄνω Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1 What is **the Jerusalem above**, which Paul contrasts to the present-day physical city of Jerusalem in Israel? What does Paul mean when he says it is **above**?
4:26 dgq4 basic,interpret ἥτις ἐστὶν μήτηρ ἡμῶν 1 When Paul says the Jerusalem above **is our mother** is he connecting Jerusalem to Hagar or to Sarah?
4:27 xm9c basic,interpret στεῖρα, ἡ οὐ τίκτουσα 1 Is Paul using this quotation from Isaiah to illustrate Sarah, or Hagar? Which of them was considered a **barren woman**?
4:27 lvd6 basic,observe ὅτι πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 In this illustration, **because** introduces the reason the **barren woman** should **Rejoice**. What is that reason?
4:28 l084 basic,observe ὑμεῖς δέ, ἀδελφοί 1 How does Paul here address the Galatian believers?
4:28 fs5y basic,observe κατὰ Ἰσαὰκ, ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ 1 Which of the sons of Abraham do the Galatians resemble—Ishmael the son of Hagar the slave woman, or Isaac the son of Sarah the free woman?
4:28 l085 basic,observe κατὰ Ἰσαὰκ, ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ 1 Because the Galatian believers are like Isaac, what kind of children are they?
4:30 l086 basic,observe ἔκβαλε τὴν παιδίσκην καὶ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτῆς; οὐ γὰρ μὴ κληρονομήσει ὁ υἱὸς τῆς παιδίσκης, μετὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἐλευθέρας 1 What was the reason that Abraham sent away Hagar and Ishmael?
4:31 g11u basic,observe διό ἀδελφοί, οὐκ ἐσμὲν παιδίσκης τέκνα, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐλευθέρας. 1 According to Paul, are believers like the children of Hagar, or the children of Sarah?
4:31 fb9f basic,interpret τέκνα & τῆς ἐλευθέρας 1 Since believers are **children** **of the free woman**, we are also free. In what sense are we spiritually **free**?
5:1 x1q1 basic,interpret μὴ πάλιν ζυγῷ δουλείας ἐνέχεσθε 1 To what does Paul refer when he speaks about **a yoke of slavery**?
5:2 l089 basic,observe ἴδε, ἐγὼ Παῦλος λέγω ὑμῖν, ὅτι ἐὰν περιτέμνησθε, Χριστὸς ὑμᾶς οὐδὲν ὠφελήσει. 1 What was the reason Paul told the Galatians not be **be circumcised**?
5:2 d13g basic,interpret ἐὰν περιτέμνησθε 1 Who was trying to convince the Galatians to **be circumcised**?
5:3 aye3 basic,observe μαρτύρομαι δὲ πάλιν παντὶ ἀνθρώπῳ περιτεμνομένῳ, ὅτι ὀφειλέτης ἐστὶν, ὅλον τὸν νόμον ποιῆσαι. 1 What obligation does a man take on himself if he **gets himself circumcised**?
5:3 c6n9 basic,interpret ὀφειλέτης ἐστὶν, ὅλον τὸν νόμον ποιῆσαι 1 Why would it be a problem to be **obligated to obey the whole law**?
5:4 w97a basic,interpret κατηργήθητε ἀπὸ Χριστοῦ, οἵτινες ἐν νόμῳ δικαιοῦσθε 1 What relationship does a person have with **Christ** if they **are trying to be justified by the law**?
5:4 l090 basic,interpret τῆς χάριτος ἐξεπέσατε 1 What relationship does a person have with **grace** if they **are trying to be justified by the law**?
5:6 gm55 basic,observe πίστις δι’ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη 1 How does **faith** in Christ manifest itself in the life of a believer?
5:7 v55j basic,interpret ἐτρέχετε καλῶς 1 What does Paul means when he says the Galatians **were running so well**?
5:7 l5n2 basic,observe τίς ὑμᾶς ἐνέκοψεν, ἀληθείᾳ μὴ πείθεσθαι? 1 What are the Galatians no longer doing as a result or the false teachers among them?
5:7 tn5i basic,interpret τίς ὑμᾶς ἐνέκοψεν, ἀληθείᾳ μὴ πείθεσθαι? 1 Earlier in this letter, Paul has already describedthe people who were teaching works to the Galatians. Who were these people?
5:8 l093 basic,interpret πεισμονὴ οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ 1 Who is **the One who calls** the Galatians?
5:9 f6r1 basic,interpret μικρὰ ζύμη ὅλον τὸ φύραμα ζυμοῖ 1 In this proverb, what is the **leaven** and what does **the whole batch of dough** represent?
5:10 l094 basic,observe ἐγὼ πέποιθα εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐν Κυρίῳ, ὅτι οὐδὲν ἄλλο φρονήσετε 1 Does Paul believe the Galatians can recover from the false teaching they have been following?
5:10 h2vh basic,observe ὁ δὲ ταράσσων ὑμᾶς, βαστάσει τὸ κρίμα, ὅστις ἐὰν ᾖ. 1 According to Paul, what will happen to the people who have been telling the Galatians they must be curcumcised?
5:11 bb3g basic,interpret ἐγὼ δέ, ἀδελφοί, εἰ περιτομὴν ἔτι κηρύσσω, τί ἔτι διώκομαι? 1 Were the Jews persecuting Paul because he was or was not **preaching circumcision**?
5:11 de7t basic,observe ἄρα κατήργηται τὸ σκάνδαλον τοῦ σταυροῦ. 1 What part of Paul’s preaching did the Jews find so offesive?
5:11 l095 basic,interpret ἄρα κατήργηται τὸ σκάνδαλον τοῦ σταυροῦ. 1 If Paul preached works of the law as the way to please God, why would faith in what Jesus did on **the cross** no longer be necessary?
5:12 l096 basic,observe ὄφελον καὶ ἀποκόψονται, οἱ ἀναστατοῦντες ὑμᾶς. 1 What does Paul with those teaching circumcision would do to themselves?
5:12 t6d3 basic,interpret ὄφελον καὶ ἀποκόψονται, οἱ ἀναστατοῦντες ὑμᾶς. 1 Why do you think Paul speaks so harshly to **those who are agitating** the Galatians?
5:13 l098 basic,observe ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς ἀγάπης δουλεύετε ἀλλήλοις 1 In what way should the Galatians **serve one another**?
5:13 sh2q basic,interpret διὰ τῆς ἀγάπης δουλεύετε ἀλλήλοις 1 Is is possible for believers to **serve one another** for motives other than **love**? What would that look like?
5:16 l101 basic,observe λέγω δέ, Πνεύματι περιπατεῖτε 1 According to Paul, how should the Galatians **walk**?
5:16 q2ax basic,observe καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν σαρκὸς οὐ μὴ τελέσητε 1 What victory will the Galatians achieve if they **walk by the Spirit**?
5:17 a8bz basic,observe ἡ γὰρ σὰρξ ἐπιθυμεῖ κατὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος, τὸ δὲ Πνεῦμα κατὰ τῆς σαρκός 1 What is the relationship between what **the flesh** desires and what **the Spirit** desires?
5:17 eh9j basic,observe ταῦτα γὰρ ἀλλήλοις ἀντίκειται, ἵνα μὴ ἃ ἐὰν θέλητε ταῦτα ποιῆτε. 1 How do the contradictory desires of the flesh and the Spirit affect the believer?
5:18 qu12 basic,observe εἰ δὲ Πνεύματι ἄγεσθε, οὐκ ἐστὲ ὑπὸ νόμον. 1 In what way is the one **led by the Spirit** responsible to **the law**?
5:19-21 ie4l basic,observe φανερὰ δέ ἐστιν τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός, ἅτινά ἐστιν πορνεία, ἀκαθαρσία, ἀσέλγεια, & εἰδωλολατρία, φαρμακεία, ἔχθραι, ἔρις, ζῆλοι, θυμοί, ἐριθεῖαι, διχοστασίαι, αἱρέσεις, & φθόνοι, μέθαι, κῶμοι, καὶ τὰ ὅμοια τούτοις 1 What are the **acts of the flesh**?
5:19-21 l102 basic,apply φανερὰ δέ ἐστιν τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός, ἅτινά ἐστιν πορνεία, ἀκαθαρσία, ἀσέλγεια, & εἰδωλολατρία, φαρμακεία, ἔχθραι, ἔρις, ζῆλοι, θυμοί, ἐριθεῖαι, διχοστασίαι, αἱρέσεις, & φθόνοι, μέθαι, κῶμοι, καὶ τὰ ὅμοια τούτοις 1 Do you still struggle with any of these **acts of the flesh**?
5:21 dw6t basic,observe ἃ προλέγω ὑμῖν, καθὼς προεῖπον, ὅτι οἱ τὰ τοιαῦτα πράσσοντες, Βασιλείαν Θεοῦ οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν. 1 What will **those who practice** these acts of the flesh fail to inherit?
5:22-23 c887 basic,observe ὁ δὲ καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη, μακροθυμία, χρηστότης, ἀγαθωσύνη, πίστις, & πραΰτης, ἐνκράτεια 1 What is **the fruit of the Spirit**?
5:22-23 l103 basic,apply ὁ δὲ καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη, μακροθυμία, χρηστότης, ἀγαθωσύνη, πίστις, & πραΰτης, ἐνκράτεια 1 Which of the **fruit of the Spirit** is most evident in your life?
5:22-23 e9m5 basic,apply ὁ δὲ καρπὸς τοῦ Πνεύματός ἐστιν ἀγάπη, χαρά, εἰρήνη, μακροθυμία, χρηστότης, ἀγαθωσύνη, πίστις, & πραΰτης, ἐνκράτεια 1 Which of the **fruit of the Spirit** seems to be lacking in your life?
5:23 gda6 basic,observe κατὰ τῶν τοιούτων, οὐκ ἔστιν νόμος. 1 In what way can the **law** affect the fruit of the Spirit?
5:24 jtz3 basic,observe οἱ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ, τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν σὺν τοῖς παθήμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις. 1 In those **who belong to Christ Jesus**, what has happened to **the flesh**?
5:24 l104 basic,interpret τὴν σάρκα ἐσταύρωσαν σὺν τοῖς παθήμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις 1 What does Paul mean when he says that **the flesh with its passions and desires** has been **crucified**?
5:24 tk59 basic,interpret τὴν σάρκα & σὺν τοῖς παθήμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις 1 In what way do **passions and desires** demonstrate the actions of **the flesh**in a person?
5:25 m39d basic,observe εἰ ζῶμεν Πνεύματι 1 What enables believers to **live**?
5:25 q9zw basic,observe Πνεύματι καὶ στοιχῶμεν 1 Since believers live by the Spirit, how should they **walk**?
5:25 s4im basic,interpret Πνεύματι καὶ στοιχῶμεν 1 What does Paul mean when he says that we should **walk in step with the Spirit**? How do we do that?
5:26 h5e2 basic,observe μὴ γινώμεθα κενόδοξοι, ἀλλήλους προκαλούμενοι, ἀλλήλοις φθονοῦντες 1 What attitudes and actions does Paul say are not proper for believers?
6:1 l106 basic,observe ἐὰν καὶ προλημφθῇ ἄνθρωπος ἔν τινι παραπτώματι, ὑμεῖς, οἱ πνευματικοὶ, καταρτίζετε τὸν τοιοῦτον ἐν πνεύματι πραΰτητος 1 How should believers repond to another believer who **is caught in a trespass**?
6:1 l107 basic,interpret ὑμεῖς, οἱ πνευματικοὶ 1 Why do you think Paul says that believers **who are spiritual** should be the ones to restore a fellow believer who has sinned?
6:1 kz78 basic,interpret ἐν πνεύματι πραΰτητος 1 Why is it important to restore a fellow believer **with a spirit of gentleness**?
6:1 l108 basic,observe σκοπῶν σεαυτόν, μὴ καὶ σὺ πειρασθῇς 1 What danger should believers avoid as they restore other believers who have sinned?
6:1 l109 basic,apply σκοπῶν σεαυτόν, μὴ καὶ σὺ πειρασθῇς. 1 How might a believer **be tempted** by restoring another believer who has sinned?
6:2 s7a7 basic,observe ἀλλήλων τὰ βάρη βαστάζετε 1 How should believers deal with **one another’s burdens**?
6:2 ktz2 basic,observe καὶ οὕτως ἀναπληρώσετε τὸν νόμον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What will believers **fulfill** if they carry one another’s burdens?
6:2 ne7a basic,interpret τὸν νόμον τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What is the difference between **the law** taught by the false teachers and **the law of Christ** to which Paul here refers?
6:3 l110 basic,interpret εἰ γὰρ δοκεῖ τις εἶναί τι, μηδὲν ὤν 1 What does it mean when someone **thinks he is something when he is nothing**?
6:3 qw6j basic,observe εἰ γὰρ δοκεῖ τις εἶναί τι, μηδὲν ὤν, φρεναπατᾷ ἑαυτόν. 1 What is the result when someone **thinks he is something when he is nothing**?
6:4 w4is basic,observe τὸ δὲ ἔργον ἑαυτοῦ δοκιμαζέτω ἕκαστος 1 What should each person **test**?
6:4 zr62 basic,interpret τὸ δὲ ἔργον ἑαυτοῦ δοκιμαζέτω ἕκαστος, καὶ τότε εἰς ἑαυτὸν μόνον τὸ καύχημα ἕξει 1 Paul says no one should **boast in himself** unless he has tested **his own work**. How would that help the Galatians avoid the problem Paul described in verse 3?
6:4 l111 basic,observe καὶ οὐκ εἰς τὸν ἕτερον 1 It it ever good to boast **in someone else**?
6:5 l112 basic,observe ἕκαστος γὰρ τὸ ἴδιον φορτίον βαστάσει. 1 How should each person treat **his own load**?
6:5 l113 basic,interpret ἕκαστος γὰρ τὸ ἴδιον φορτίον βαστάσει. 1 Does Paul’s command for each believer to make every effort to **carry his own load** mean that believers should never help each other?
6:6 qq48 basic,observe κοινωνείτω δὲ ὁ κατηχούμενος τὸν λόγον, τῷ κατηχοῦντι, ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς. 1 What should people who receive **instruction in the word**share with their **instructor**?
6:6 s97r basic,interpret κοινωνείτω δὲ ὁ κατηχούμενος τὸν λόγον, τῷ κατηχοῦντι, ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς. 1 With respect to Paul and the Galatians, who received **instruction in the word**, and who was the **instructor**?
6:6 yj6j basic,interpret ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς 1 To what was Paul referring when he said people who received instruction should share **in all good things**?
6:7 l114 basic,interpret μὴ πλανᾶσθε, Θεὸς οὐ μυκτηρίζεται. ὃ γὰρ ἐὰν σπείρῃ ἄνθρωπος, τοῦτο καὶ θερίσει. 1 Does this verse sound to you like an encouragement, a warning, or some of each?
6:7 l115 basic,observe ὃ γὰρ ἐὰν σπείρῃ ἄνθρωπος, τοῦτο καὶ θερίσει. 1 According to Paul, how are spiritual sowing and reaping connected?
6:7 l116 basic,interpet μὴ πλανᾶσθε, Θεὸς οὐ μυκτηρίζεται. 1 This statement sounds as if some people were deceived into thinking that God’s evaluation of their works does not matter. Why do you thinks some people believed that?
6:8 x1y4 basic,observe ὅτι ὁ σπείρων εἰς τὴν σάρκα ἑαυτοῦ, ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς θερίσει φθοράν 1 What will the person **who sows to please his flesh** receive?
6:8 ca2k basic,interpret ὅτι ὁ σπείρων εἰς τὴν σάρκα ἑαυτοῦ 1 What are things a person might do in order **to please his flesh**?
6:8 u2di basic,observe ὁ δὲ σπείρων εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα, ἐκ τοῦ Πνεύματος θερίσει ζωὴν αἰώνιον. 1 What will the person **who sows to please the Spirit** receive?
6:10 adz8 basic,observe ἄρα οὖν, ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν, ἐργαζώμεθα τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρὸς πάντας 1 What does Paul tell believers to do as they **have opportunity**?
6:10 l119 basic,interpret ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν 1 What might be examples of having **opportunity** to do good for someone?
6:10 z1us basic,observe ἐργαζώμεθα τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρὸς πάντας 1 Is there anyone for whom we should not **do good** as we **have opportunity**?
6:10 z9m2 basic,interpret μάλιστα δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως 1 What does Paul mean when he says **especially to the family of faith**?
6:10 l120 basic,observe μάλιστα δὲ πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους τῆς πίστεως 1 Why do you think Paul tells us to give priority to helping **the family of faith**?
6:11 snr9 basic,interpret ἴδετε πηλίκοις ὑμῖν γράμμασιν ἔγραψα τῇ ἐμῇ χειρί. 1 It is unclear if Paul means he is writing the whole letter **with** his **own hand**, or just this closing section. What difference might it have made to the Galatians that he made the effort to personally write at least a portion of this letter to them?
6:11 yj15 basic,interpret ἴδετε πηλίκοις ὑμῖν γράμμασιν ἔγραψα 1 Why do you think Paul was writing with **large letters**? Does 4:13-16 help you understand the reason?
6:12 xx57 basic,observe ὅσοι θέλουσιν εὐπροσωπῆσαι ἐν σαρκί, οὗτοι ἀναγκάζουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι 1 What act were the false teachers who **want to make a good impression outwardly** trying to get the Galatians to do?
6:12 bua3 basic,interpret ὅσοι θέλουσιν εὐπροσωπῆσαι ἐν σαρκί 1 Why would circumcision be a way to **make a good impression outwardly**?
6:12 b54a basic,observe μόνον ἵνα τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ μὴ διώκωνται 1 According to Paul, what was the reason these false teachers were **trying to compel** the Galatians **to be circumcised**?
6:12 e2gp basic,interpret μόνον ἵνα τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ μὴ διώκωνται 1 Why would requiring their followers to be circumcised enable these teachers to **avoid persecution for the cross of Christ**?
6:13 p1fm basic,observe οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ περιτετμημένοι αὐτοὶ νόμον φυλάσσουσιν 1 According to Paul, are **circumcised** people able to fully **keep that law**?
6:13 y2b3 basic,observe ἀλλὰ θέλουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, ἵνα ἐν τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ σαρκὶ καυχήσωνται 1 According to Paul, what is the main reason these people wanted the Galatians **to be circumcised**?
6:13 l121 basic,interpret ἵνα ἐν τῇ ὑμετέρᾳ σαρκὶ καυχήσωνται 1 Why would these teachers **boast** that they had convinced the Galatians to be circumcised?
6:14 au2m basic,observe ἐμοὶ δὲ, μὴ γένοιτο καυχᾶσθαι, εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 What is the only thing about which Paul will **boast**?
6:14 s4js basic,observe δι’ οὗ ἐμοὶ κόσμος ἐσταύρωται, κἀγὼ κόσμῳ 1 What has **the cross** accomplished in Paul’s life?
6:14 l122 basic,interpret δι’ οὗ ἐμοὶ κόσμος ἐσταύρωται, κἀγὼ κόσμῳ 1 What does Paul mean when he says **the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world**?
6:15 rdi2 basic,observe οὔτε γὰρ περιτομή τὶ ἐστιν, οὔτε ἀκροβυστία 1 How important is it to God whether a person is circumcised or uncircumcised?
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