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he is proud ... He has an unhealthy interest
Here "he" refers to anyone in general that teaches what is not correct. To make this clear, you can translate "he" as "they" as in the UDB. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun)
understands nothing
"understands nothing about God's truth"
He has an unhealthy interest in controversies and arguments
Paul speaks of people who feel compelled to engage in useless arguments as if they were ill. Such people greatly desire to argue, and they do not really want to find a way to agree. Alternate translation: "All he wants to do is argue" or "He craves arguments" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
controversies and arguments about words that result in envy
"controversies and arguments about words, and these controversies and arguments result in envy"
about words
"about the meanings of words"
strife
arguments, fights
insults
bad things that people falsely say about each other
evil suspicions
evil beliefs that innocent people have done something wrong or are planning on doing something wrong