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Yahweh has just announced his punishment for Israel.
Woe to me, my mother
Jeremiah pretends to speak to his mother as a way to emphasize how sad he is. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe)
controversy and argument
The words "controversy" and "argument" mean basically the same thing. They are used together for emphasis. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet)
lent
to give a loan to someone
Will I not rescue you for good?
The implicit answer to this question is "yes". AT: "I will certainly rescue you for good!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
your enemies
Those are the enemies of Jeremiah who disagreed with his prophecies.
calamity and distress
The words "calamity" and "distress" should be understood as basically similar. The idea is repeated to emphasize how bad things will get. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet)
Can one smash iron?
The implied answer is "no". Also, the iron represents the firmness of God's judgment. AT: "My judgment cannot be broken, just like iron cannot be smashed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
Especially iron from the north that is mixed with bronze?
This second question makes the first even stronger, and uses extra strong iron in the metaphor. AT: "Even more, my judgment is like super strong iron" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)