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General Information:
This continues to compare the nation of Israel with a field after it is harvested (Isaiah 17:4-5).
Gleanings will be left
The word "Gleanings" here represents the people who will still live in Israel. Alternate translation: "But there will be a few people left in Israel" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor)
as when the olive tree is shaken
People harvested olive trees by shaking them so that the olives would fall out. Alternate translation: "like the few olives that remain on the olive trees after people harvest them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile)
four or five
The word "olives" is understood from the phrase before this. Alternate translation: "four or five olives" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis)
this is the declaration of Yahweh, the God of Israel
Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: "this is what Yahweh, the God of Israel, has declared" or "this is what I, Yahweh, the God of Israel, have declared" (See: rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person)