unfoldingWord_en_tn/en_tn_29-JOL.tsv

1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	JOL	1	intro	q2ev			0		# Joel 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Joel is written in poetic form and with striking imagery. The ULT is written in poetic form, but the UST has been transferred to a prose form. If possible, use the poetic form to communicate the meaning of this book in order to stay closer to the original meaning of the text.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Locusts<br>This book starts very dramatically with the imagery of the locusts and the devastation they produce. There are five different kinds of locusts that appear to come and they progressively destroy the vegetation including the crops, vineyards and even the trees of the whole land of Israel.<br><br>It was common for farmers in the ancient Near East to experience large locust swarms that would come and eat all crops in their fields. Joel might be describing such attacks in this first chapter. Because Joel uses military terms and images to describe these locust attacks, his descriptions might represent enemy invaders who would come and destroy the land its people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>Translators should translate simply, presenting the scenes of locusts as Joel describes them, and not worry about the various possible meanings.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The author also uses rhetorical questions that communicate surprise and alarm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br>
3	JOL	1	1	qry6	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	God speaks through Joel to the people of Israel using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
4	JOL	1	1	qwp8			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
5	JOL	1	1	m5wr	translate-names		0	Pethuel	Joel's father (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6	JOL	1	4	m68u	translate-unknown		0	the swarming locust	large groups of insects like grasshoppers that fly together and eat large areas of food crops (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
7	JOL	1	4	ny2z			0	swarming locust ... great locust ... grasshopper ... caterpillar	These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language.
8	JOL	1	5	zk2a			0	General Information:	God warns the people of Israel about the coming locust army.
9	JOL	1	6	qm8j	figs-metaphor		0	a nation	The locust swarm is like an invading army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10	JOL	1	6	mpz6	figs-parallelism		0	His teeth are the teeth of a lion, and he has the teeth of a lioness.	These two lines share similar meanings. The reference to the locusts' teeth being as sharp as lions' teeth emphasize how fierce they are as they eat all of the crops of the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11	JOL	1	6	aj1z			0	my land	Yahweh's land
12	JOL	1	7	hi96			0	my vineyard ... my fig tree	Yahweh's vineyard and fig tree
13	JOL	1	7	k8l9			0	desolate	empty and without life
14	JOL	1	8	iwe3			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to the people of Israel.
15	JOL	1	11	mx5v			0	General Information:	God continues speaking to the people of Israel.
16	JOL	1	11	eeq1	translate-unknown		0	barley	a type of grass, like wheat, whose seeds can be used to make bread (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
17	JOL	1	12	pk4b			0	withered	dried up and died
18	JOL	1	12	r11a	translate-unknown		0	fig ... pomegranate ... apple	different types of fruit (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
19	JOL	1	13	uv6d			0	General Information:	God speaks to the priests in Israel
20	JOL	1	13	w9cv			0	the grain offering and the drink offering	regular offerings in the temple
21	JOL	1	14	z8ne			0	the house of Yahweh your God	the temple in Jerusalem
22	JOL	1	15	q895			0	General Information:	This is what God is telling the priests to say.
23	JOL	1	16	ppt5	figs-doublet		0	joy and gladness	These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that there is no kind of joyful activity happening at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
24	JOL	1	17	y7su			0	clods	lumps of dirt
25	JOL	1	18	w5nw			0	General Information:	God continues to tell the priests how they should pray for Israel.
26	JOL	1	18	ul6j			0	groan	make a deep sound because of pain
27	JOL	1	20	n9lf			0	brooks	small streams
28	JOL	2	intro	j2gp			0		# Joel 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter continues in the poetic form with striking imagery of armies and soldiers.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Locusts<br><br>This book starts very dramatically with the imagery of the locusts and the devastation they produce. There are five different kinds of locusts that appear to come and progressively destroy the vegetation including the crops, vineyards and even the trees of Israel.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>This chapter uses simile to a great extent as Joel tries to describe this army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br><br>### Metaphor<br>The drought, or severe lack of rain, Joel describes is probably a real drought. It might also be a picture of either enemy invaders or of Yahweh himself coming to punish his people and the other nations. Translators should translate simply, presenting the scenes of locusts and drought as Joel describes them, and not worry about the various possible meanings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
29	JOL	2	1	t9j9	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	Joel continues poetry that began in the previous chapter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
30	JOL	2	1	m7i5			0	Blow the trumpet ... sound an alarm	Joel is emphasizing the importance of calling Israel together in preparation for the destruction that is coming.
31	JOL	2	2	st7t			0	gloom	total or partial darkness
32	JOL	2	3	xcv4			0	General Information:	Joel's description of the coming army continues.
33	JOL	2	3	z5iu	figs-metaphor		0	behind it a flame is burning	After a wall of flame goes through dry land and burns the dryest and smallest fuel, there will still be flames as the larger and less dry fuel burns, (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
34	JOL	2	3	yne4	figs-simile		0	land is like the garden of Eden	The garden of Eden was a beautiful place, and the land was beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
35	JOL	2	4	ex3a			0	General Information:	The description continues with the noises of an army of horses.
36	JOL	2	4	ztn5	figs-simile		0	The army's appearance is like horses	The head of a locust looks like a small horse head. The army is fast, and horses are fast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
37	JOL	2	4	fdt4	translate-unknown		0	horses	A large, strong, fast animal with four legs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
38	JOL	2	4	myc3	figs-simile		0	they run like horsemen	Men riding horses move quickly, and the army moves quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
39	JOL	2	5	m6fl			0	jump	A horse jumps or leaps as it runs quickly.
40	JOL	2	6	bh52			0	General Information:	Joel continues to describe the locust army of Yahweh.
41	JOL	2	7	e5ge	figs-personification		0	They run like mighty warriors ... climb the walls like soldiers	The army of locusts acts as real soldiers do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
42	JOL	2	7	d4kv			0	walls	walls around the cities
43	JOL	2	8	u5ew			0	General Information:	The description of the locust army of Yahweh continues.
44	JOL	2	8	yt67			0	they break through the defenses	they overcome the soldiers defending the city.
45	JOL	2	10	lm84	figs-hyperbole		0	the sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars stop shining	This exaggeration claims that there are so many locusts that people cannot see the sun, moon, or stars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
46	JOL	2	13	e3gw			0	turn from	stop
47	JOL	2	16	jzj1			0	bridal chambers	rooms, usually in the parents' houses, where brides would wait for their wedding ceremonies
48	JOL	2	17	fek9			0	do not make your inheritance into an object of scorn	do not allow your inheritance to become people whom the other nations regard as worthless
49	JOL	2	18	xeg7			0	his land	the nation of Israel
50	JOL	2	18	im7l			0	his people	the people of Israel
51	JOL	2	19	lu18			0	Look	Pay attention to what I am about to say
52	JOL	2	19	jde5			0	You will be satisfied with them	You will have all you need of them
53	JOL	2	19	tqc6			0	a disgrace	unworthy of respect
54	JOL	2	20	q49d			0	General Information:	God continues his promise to Israel.
55	JOL	2	20	khh7			0	northern ... eastern ... western	These directions are from the perspective of people living in the land of Israel.
56	JOL	2	20	v9xy			0	the eastern sea	the Dead Sea
57	JOL	2	20	ue9y			0	the western sea	the Mediterranean Sea
58	JOL	2	23	xlq6			0	he will ... bring down showers for you	he will ... cause much rain to fall so that you will live well
59	JOL	2	23	vnx8			0	autumn rain and the spring rain	the first rains of the rainy season in early December and the last rains in April and May
60	JOL	2	24	gw97			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh begins a long speech to the Israelites.
61	JOL	2	24	p8u1			0	vats	large containers for liquids
62	JOL	2	25	k6bd			0	the years of crops that the swarming locust has eaten	the crops that you took care of for years and that the swarming locusts have eaten
63	JOL	2	25	e81a			0	swarming locust ... the great locust, the devouring locust, and the destroying locust	These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language. See how you translated this in [Joel 1:4](../01/04.md).
64	JOL	2	26	qw24			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
65	JOL	2	28	h1ph			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
66	JOL	2	28	p6xw			0	It will come about afterward that I	This is what I will do after that: I
67	JOL	2	30	c326			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
68	JOL	2	31	e1db			0	The sun will turn into darkness	The sun will no longer give light
69	JOL	2	32	xyf3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
70	JOL	2	32	w6nv			0	It will be that everyone	This is what will happen: everyone
71	JOL	2	32	e73u			0	survivors	people who live through a terrible event like a war or a disaster
72	JOL	3	intro	jcn7			0		# Joel 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>There is a change in focus in this chapter from the people of Israel to her enemies. The events of this chapters also contain many prophecies about the events of the end of this world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Israel<br>The mention of Israel in this chapter is probably a reference to the people of Judah and not the northern kingdom of Israel. It is also possible this is a reference to the people of Israel as a whole.<br>
73	JOL	3	1	b14f			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
74	JOL	3	1	c3ys			0	when I return the exiles of Judah and Jerusalem	When I send the exiles back to Judah and Jerusalem
75	JOL	3	4	k66w			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
76	JOL	3	7	d8mh			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
77	JOL	3	7	dc6d	figs-explicit		0	out of the place where you sold them	The people of Israel will leave the places where they were slaves and come back to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
78	JOL	3	7	uh32			0	return payment	give back what you deserve
79	JOL	3	8	t9jc	translate-names		0	Sabeans	the people of the land of Sabea (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
80	JOL	3	9	ih66	figs-irony		0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel. Here he begins an ironic call to the nations to prepare for a war in which Yahweh will completely destroy the nations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
81	JOL	3	9	d6ny			0	rouse the mighty men	make the mighty men ready for action
82	JOL	3	10	t93c	figs-parallelism		0	Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruning knives into spears	These two phrases share similar meanings. Both of them instruct the people to turn their farming tools into weapons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
83	JOL	3	10	ze4m			0	plowshares	tools that are used to break up the soil in order to plant crops
84	JOL	3	10	epv7			0	pruning knives	knives that are used to cut off small branches
85	JOL	3	11	iq6r			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
86	JOL	3	11	rp2a	figs-irony		0	Hurry and come ... together there	These words continue the ironic call to battle that begins in [Joel 3:9](../03/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
87	JOL	3	12	b1jw			0	General Information:	Yahweh finishes the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good things for the people of Israel.
88	JOL	3	13	hq7f	figs-metaphor		0	Put in the sickle ... the winepress is full	Possible meanings are that Yahweh speaks of completely destroying the nations as if 1) he were harvesting all the grapes and all the grain or 2) he were harvesting quickly, while the grain and grapes are ripe. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
89	JOL	3	13	zx33			0	sickle	a long curved knife that people use for cutting grain
90	JOL	3	13	rua7			0	the harvest is ripe	the grain is ready to be harvested
91	JOL	3	13	haw5	figs-metaphor		0	The vats overflow, for their wickedness is enormous	Yahweh speaks of the nations' wickedness as if it were the juice that flows from the winepress into storage containers, and more juice flows into the vats than they can contain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
92	JOL	3	14	y2ge			0	a tumult, a tumult	A tumult is noise caused by a large crowd. This is repeated to show that it will be very noisy from all the people.
93	JOL	3	14	r3ir			0	Valley of Judgment ... Valley of Judgment	This phrase is repeated to show that the judgment will certainly happen.
94	JOL	3	16	fj29			0	General Information:	Yahweh begins speaking in verse 17.
95	JOL	3	17	isx1			0	So you will know	When I do these things, you will know
96	JOL	3	18	kj6z			0	General Information:	God continues to speak about the day of the Lord.
97	JOL	3	18	l5yu			0	all the brooks of Judah will flow with water	water will flow through all the brooks of Judah
98	JOL	3	18	k6qq			0	water the Valley of Shittim	will send water to the Valley of Shittim
99	JOL	3	19	la92			0	Egypt will become an abandoned devastation	Everyone will leave Egypt and no one will live there
100	JOL	3	19	au36			0	Edom will become an abandoned wilderness	Everyone will leave Edom and it will look like no people have ever lived there
101	JOL	3	19	c2r8			0	because of the violence done to the people of Judah	because of the violent things Egypt and Edom did to the people of Judah
102	JOL	3	20	y198			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak about the day of the Lord.