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Whoever disciplines someone, afterward will find more favor from him than from the one who flatters him with his tongue
This can be stated in active form, with the abstract noun "favor" being expressed as a verb. AT: "A person will favor the one who disciplines him more than he favors the person who flatters him with his tongue" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)
Whoever disciplines
"If a person disciplines"
disciplines
trains people to obey a set of guidelines for moral behavior
flatters him with his tongue
The tongue here represents speaking. AT: "flatters him with words" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
flatters
praises someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praises someone about things that are not true
Whoever robs
"The one who robs"
says, "That is no sin," he
This can be expressed as an indirect quotation. AT: "says that it is not a sin, he" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations)
the companion of
Possible meanings are: 1) "the friend of" or 2) an idiom that means having the same character as. AT: "the same kind of person as" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)