Translation Training Module EJ 4:09

Translation Training Module EJ 4:09

04 Community/EJ-4.09-Acts-4.32-6.7.md

@@ -557,34 +557,78 @@ Retell this story in your own words (i.e., orally, dramatization, or written/cra
 
 <!-- page break -->
 
-### Grammar and Translation Training: Extended Biblical Imagery
-*Use the following exercise to learn about a specific grammar issue and its importance in understanding the meaning of a text. This exercise will also help you develop skills to translate this issue accurately and naturally in your own language. If you need additional help on this translation topic, please reference [translationAcademy](https://door43.org/u/unfoldingWord/en_ta/v24/03-translate.html#figs-exmetaphor).*
+### Grammar and Translation Training: Symbolic Action
+*Use the following exercise to learn about a specific grammar issue and its importance to understand the meaning of a text. This exercise will also help you develop skills to translate this issue accurately and naturally in your own language. If you need additional help on this translation topic, please reference [translationAcademy](https://door43.org/u/unfoldingWord/en_ta/v24/03-translate.html#translate-symaction).*
+
+**Note:** *Ellipsis was already discussed in EJ 1.01. However, the following module goes a bit deeper than that initial treatment, providing additional information in several areas. Also, the **examples in biblical passages** and **connecting language and theology** sections are new in this translation training module.*
 
 #### Explanation of Translation Issue
 *Read (or listen) to the explanation of the translation issue. As a community, discuss your understanding of this translation issue and its importance for translating the text.*
 
+A **symbolic action** is something that someone does in order to express a certain idea. For example, in some cultures people nod their heads up and down to mean "yes" or turn their heads from side to side to mean "no." Symbolic actions do not mean the same things in all cultures. In the Bible, sometimes people perform symbolic actions and sometimes they only refer to the symbolic action. Some examples of symbolic actions in everyday life are:
+
+- In some cultures people shake hands when they meet to show that they are willing to be friendly.
+- In some cultures people bow when they meet to show respect to each other.
 
 #### Examples in Biblical Passages
 *Read (or listen) to the passages below. Use the explanation above to complete the following activity.*
 
+Identify all symbolic actions in the passages below. Write a brief 1 to 2 sentence description of the action's meaning. Discuss each passage as a community and explain your choices and descriptions.
+
+#### Daniel 2:46
+King Nebuchadnezzar fell on his face before Daniel and honored him; he commanded that an offering be made and that incense be offered up to him.
+
+#### Ezekiel 6:1-2
+1 The word of Yahweh came to me, saying, 2 "Son of man, set your face against the mountains of Israel and prophesy to them.
+
+#### Hosea 3:1
+1 Yahweh said to me, "Go again, love a woman, loved by her husband, but who is an adulteress. Love her just as I, Yahweh, love the people of Israel, although they turn to other gods and love raisin cakes."
+
+#### Jonah 3:5
+5 The people of Nineveh believed God and they proclaimed a fast. They all put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them down to the least of them.
 
 #### Discovery of Your Own Language
 *Now that you understand the basics of this language issue, discuss if your language works in this specific way. Then, talk about different ways you can communicate in this way using your language. Provide some examples below.*
 
+1. Does your language use action to express all the meanings encountered above? *Discuss the options in your language or culture for expressing the symbolic action meanings in the passages above.*
+2. How can you best use these options to naturally express the symbolic actions found in Scripture? *Discuss how you could naturally express the meanings of these actions using the options in your language or culture.*
+
 #### Connecting Language and Theology
 *The study of language helps us understand theology. As a community, complete the following exercise to understand how this particular language concept teaches us more about the Christian faith.*
 
+Read the following passage. Identify the symbolic actions and the ideas that they express. Explore how they contribute to the passage's meaning. Finally, discuss what this passage teaches about the church community, and its common life of mutual care that focuses on global mission.
+
+#### John 13:1-20
+1 Now it was before the Festival of the Passover. Jesus knew that his hour had come to go out of this world and go to the Father. Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. 2 Now the devil had already put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot son of Simon, to betray Jesus. 3 He knew that the Father had given everything over into his hands and that he had come from God and was going back to God. 4 He got up from dinner and took off his outer clothing. Then he took a towel and wrapped it around himself. 5 Then he poured water into a basin and began to wash the feet of the disciples and dry them with the towel that he had put around himself. 6 He came to Simon Peter, and Peter said to him, "Lord, are you going to wash my feet?" 7 Jesus answered and said to him, "What I am doing you do not understand now, but you will understand this later." 8 Peter said to him, "You will never wash my feet." Jesus answered him, "If I do not wash you, you have no share with me." 9 Simon Peter said to him, "Lord, do not only wash my feet, but also my hands and my head." 10 Jesus said to him, "He who is bathed has no need, except to wash his feet, but he is completely clean; you are clean, but not everyone." 11 (For Jesus knew who would betray him; that is why he said, "Not all of you are clean.")
+
+12 So when Jesus had washed their feet and taken his garments and sat down again, he said to them, "Do you know what I have done for you? 13 You call me 'teacher' and 'Lord,' and you are speaking correctly, because so I am. 14 If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, have washed your feet, you should also wash the feet of one another. 15 For I have given you an example so that you should also do just as I did for you. 16 Truly, truly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is a messenger greater than he who sent him. 17 If you know these things, you are blessed if you do them. 18 I am not speaking about all of you; I know those whom I have chosen—but this so that the scripture will be fulfilled: 'He who eats my bread lifted up his heel against me.' 19 I tell you this now before it happens so that when it happens, you may believe that I AM. 20 Truly, truly, I say to you, he who receives whomever I sent, receives me, and he who receives me, receives him who sent me."
+
 #### Translation Suggestions
-*The following list provides some translation suggestions. Read (or listen) to these suggestions and discuss how your community will address this translation issue in your own language.* 
+*The following list provides some translation suggestions. Read (or listen) to these suggestions and discuss how your community will address this translation issue in your own language.*
+
+An action may have a meaning in one culture and a different meaning or no meaning at all in another culture. For example, in some cultures raising the eyebrows means "I am surprised" or "What did you say?" In other cultures it means "yes." In the Bible, people did things that had certain meanings in their culture. When we read the Bible, we might not understand what someone meant if we interpret the action based on what it means in our own culture today. Here are some translation suggestions:
+
+1. Tell what the person did and why he did it.
+2. Do not tell what the person did, but tell what he meant.
+3. Use an action from your own culture that has the same meaning. Do this only in poetry, parables, and sermons. Do not do this when there actually was a person who did a specific action.
 
 #### Exploring Translation Further
-*If you need further help understanding this language topic, refer to the article in [translationAcademy](https://door43.org/u/unfoldingWord/en_ta/v24/03-translate.html#figs-exmetaphor). Use this resource to strengthen your grasp of this translation issue.* 
+*If you need further help understanding this language topic, refer to the article in [translationAcademy](https://door43.org/u/unfoldingWord/en_ta/v24/03-translate.html#translate-symaction). Use this resource to strengthen your grasp of this translation issue.* 
 
 #### Summary of Learning
 *At this point, you have explored an important feature of language and how this will help you translate more accurately and naturally. Summarize this language concept in your own words. Then compare what you wrote to the explanation above.*
 
+Symbolic action is...
+
+These are some ways that we will translate symbolic action in our own language...
+
 #### Application to the Biblical Text
-*Now that you understand this language concept better, apply what you learned to the biblical text.*
+*Now that you better understand this language concept, apply what you learned to the biblical text.*
+
+In Acts 4:32-6:7, symbolic actions are used to show the power of church community, and its common life of mutual care that focuses on global mission. Understanding the ideas and meanings expressed by these actions are important when translating this narrative. Identify all symbolic actions in this passage. Discuss what these actions mean and how they contribute to the passage's meaning. Apply the principles in this training to clearly, accurately, and naturally translate the symbolic actions in Acts 4:32-6:7.
+
+### Storycraft
+Retell this story in your own words (i.e., orally, dramatization, or written/crafted story). Try to tell the story in a way that is accurate (true to the Bible), natural (words that common people would use), and reproducible (memorable for someone listening to repeat it on their own). After crafting this story, retell it in your family, your church community, or to some other person God has placed in your life.
 
 <!-- page break -->