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When David was told this
This can be stated in active form. AT: "When David heard about this" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
gathered all Israel together
Here "Israel" represents the army of Israel. AT: "assembled all the army of Israel together" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
Helam
See how you translated this man's name in 2 Samuel 10:16.
against David and fought him
Here David represents himself and his soldiers. AT: "against David and his soldiers and fought them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
David killed
Here David represents himself and his soldiers. AT: "David and his soldiers killed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
seven hundred ... forty thousand
"700 ... 40,000" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)
Shobak the commander of their army was wounded and died there
This can be stated in active form. AT: "The Israelites wounded Shobak the commander of the Aramean army, and he died there" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
Shobak ... Hadarezer
See how you translated these men's names in 2 Samuel 10:16.
saw that they were defeated by Israel
This can be stated in active form. AT: "realized that the Israelites had defeated them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)