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| 1 | Reference | ID | Tags | SupportReference | Quote | Occurrence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | front:intro | v8pn | 0 | # Introduction to Judges\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Judges\n\n1. History of the judges of Israel (1:1–16:31)\n * Introduction (1:1-3:6)\n * Othniel, Ehud, and Shamgar (3:7–31)\n * Deborah and Barak (4:1–5:31)\n * Gideon (6:1–8:35)\n * Abimelech, Tola, and Jair (9:1–10:5)\n * Jephthah (10:6-12:7)\n * Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon (12:8-15)\n * Samson (13:1–16:31)\n1. The account of Micah and his idols (17:1–18:31)\n1. The account of Gibeah; the other Israelites take revenge (19:1–21:25)\n\n### What is the Book of Judges about?\n\nThe Book of Judges tells of events that occurred after the Israelites settled in the Promised Land. The events in this book happened over a period of about 150 years.\n\nThis book describes how the Israelites repeatedly sinned against Yahweh during this time. They worshiped false gods and did the same wicked things as the peoples who lived around them. Therefore, God would allow enemies to defeat and oppress the Israelites. Eventually, the Israelites would call to Yahweh for help. Yahweh would then cause someone to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. This person was called a “judge.” The Israelites would live in peace until the judge died.\n\nAfter that judge died, the Israelites would start sinning again. So this pattern of events would repeat.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThis book traditionally has the title “Judges” because it gives accounts of some of the main leaders or judges in Israel before there were any kings over the people. Unless there are good reasons for following the title in other Bible versions, the translator should probably use the title “Judges” or a title such as “The Book about the Leaders in Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What kind of leaders were the judges?\n\nThese were men and women whom God chose to help the Israelites defeat their enemies. After defeating their enemies, these leaders usually continued to help the people by deciding disputes among them. They also helped them make important decisions. Many of these leaders served all the people of Israel, but some of these leaders may have served only certain tribes.\n\n### What kind of society was Israel during the time of the judges?\n\nDuring this time, the twelve tribes of Israel were independent of one another. They were not a unified nation with one ruler. The tribes would sometimes help each other when enemies were threatening them.\n\nThese tribes were descended from the same ancestors: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. They shared in the same covenant with Yahweh.\n\n### What spiritual struggles did Israel experience during the time of the judges?\n\nDuring this time, Israel struggled to remain faithful to Yahweh. The best judges encouraged Israel to be faithful to him, but some of the judges failed to do so. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### What is the meaning of the phrase “in those days there was no king in Israel, and everyone did what was right in his own eyes”?\n\nThis phrase occurs twice in the book of Judges. Shorter versions of the phrase occur two other times. These phrases imply that the writer or editor of this book was alive at a later time when there was a king in Israel. They also seem to imply that the writer thought that things were not good in Israel because there was no king.\n\nThe translation of these phrases should imply to the reader that the book’s writer is looking back into the past.\n\n### What is the meaning of the phrase “to this day”?\n\nThe narrator used this phrase to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. The translator must avoid giving the impression that the present day of the translation’s readers is meant. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in Judges 1:21, 26; 6:24; 10:4; 15:19; 18:12. | |||
| 3 | 1:intro | a4am | 0 | # Judges 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### “After the death of Joshua”\nThis statement creates a seamless transition from the book of Joshua.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Finishing the conquest of the Promised Land\n\nIsrael fought to clear the land of the Canaanites, but they also made treaties with other peoples and made some of them do hard labor. This was against God’s instruction to completely remove the Canaanite people from the land. | |||
| 4 | 1:1 | r9ee | Connecting Statement: | 0 | # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe book of Judges continues the story about Joshua and is also the beginning of a new part of the story. | ||
| 5 | 1:1 | b9my | Yahweh | 0 | This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this. | ||
| 6 | 1:1 | c92j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive | will attack the Canaanites for us | 0 | The word “us” refers to the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) | |
| 7 | 1:2 | c4zw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Judah will attack | 0 | Here “Judah” represents the men of the tribe of Judah. Yahweh is commanding these men to attack first. Alternate translation: “The men of Judah must attack first” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 8 | 1:2 | i2v6 | See | 0 | Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” | ||
| 9 | 1:2 | ysi6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | this land | 0 | This refers to the land where the Canaanites lived. Alternate translation: “the land of the Canaanites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 10 | 1:3 | k7aq | their brothers | 0 | Alternate translation: “their fellow Israelites” or “their relatives” | ||
| 11 | 1:3 | x2kz | Come up with us | 0 | The people of the tribes of Judah and Simeon were camped with the rest of the Israelite people in the valley of the Jordan River. The land given to Judah was in the hills above the valley. Some languages do not usually indicate whether people were going up or down. Alternate translation: “Come with us” or “Go with us” | ||
| 12 | 1:3 | p8mq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | that was assigned to us … that was assigned to you | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh assigned to us … that Yahweh assigned to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 13 | 1:3 | yz2b | We will likewise go with you | 0 | Alternate translation: “We will also go with you” or “In the same way, we will go with you” | ||
| 14 | 1:4 | ku4h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | The men of Judah attacked | 0 | It is implied that the men of Simeon attacked with the men of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 15 | 1:4 | n19d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | They killed ten thousand | 0 | “They killed about 10,000” or “They killed a large number” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 16 | 1:4 | vmc4 | of them | 0 | Alternate translation: “soldiers of the Canaanites and Perizzites” or “enemies” | ||
| 17 | 1:4 | c9xq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Bezek | 0 | This is an area in the mountains of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 18 | 1:5 | w88l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Adoni-Bezek | 0 | This man was the leader of the army of the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 19 | 1:5 | i3pn | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | they fought against him | 0 | Here “him” actually refers to Adoni-Bezek and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against him and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 20 | 1:6 | vz6p | pursued him | 0 | Alternate translation: “chased him” | ||
| 21 | 1:7 | es2p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | Seventy kings | 0 | “70 kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 22 | 1:7 | t5fd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | who had their thumbs and their big toes cut off | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whose thumbs and big toes I told my men to cut off” or “whose thumbs and big toes we cut off” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 23 | 1:7 | p5cw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | gathered their food from under my table | 0 | Forcing these kings to eat scraps of food represents all the ways that Adoni-Bezek humiliated these kings. Here “gathering” food represents eating it. Alternate translation: “ate scraps of food from under my table” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 24 | 1:8 | hh58 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the city of Jerusalem and took it | 0 | Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the people who lived in Jerusalem and defeated them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 25 | 1:8 | ca78 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | They attacked it | 0 | Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate translation: “They attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 26 | 1:8 | k6ze | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | with the edge of the sword | 0 | “with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 27 | 1:9 | cs3t | the men of Judah went down to fight | 0 | It was common to use the word “down” when it refers to traveling from Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “the men of Judah went to fight” | ||
| 28 | 1:9 | q3x9 | in the Negev | 0 | Alternate translation: “in the southern Judean wilderness” | ||
| 29 | 1:9 | x4ew | foothills | 0 | hills at the base of a mountain or mountain range | ||
| 30 | 1:10 | ax37 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | the name of Hebron was previously Kiriath Arba | 0 | This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Kiriath Arba but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Hebron. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 31 | 1:10 | edk7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai | 0 | These are the names of three Canaanite leaders of Hebron. Each leader represents his army. Alternate translation: “Sheshai, Ahiman, Talmai, and their armies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 32 | 1:11 | lh59 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | the name of Debir was previously Kiriath Sepher | 0 | The author probably wrote this because his readers knew the city as Debir. But at the time Israel attacked it, it was called Kiriath Sepher. Alternate translation: “which used to be called Kiriath Sepher” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 33 | 1:11 | fn5g | was previously | 0 | Alternate translation: “was in times past” or “was at an earlier time” | ||
| 34 | 1:12 | e7kf | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Whoever attacks Kiriath Sepher and takes it | 0 | Here “Kiriath Sepher” represents the people. Alternate translation: “Whoever attacks and defeats the people of Kiriath Sepher and takes their city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 35 | 1:12 | n39v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Aksah | 0 | This is the name of Caleb’s daughter. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 36 | 1:13 | xa4b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Othniel, son of Kenaz | 0 | These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 37 | 1:14 | u3cc | she urged him | 0 | Alternate translation: “Aksah urged Othniel” | ||
| 38 | 1:15 | m3cg | Give me a blessing | 0 | Alternate translation: “Do a favor for me” or “Do this for me” | ||
| 39 | 1:15 | rz4u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Since you have given me the land of the Negev | 0 | Caleb gave Aksah in marriage to Othniel, so she lived with Othniel in the city that he had captured in the Negev. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Since you have given me in marriage to live in the Negev” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 40 | 1:15 | n8di | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Since you have given me the land | 0 | This implies that Caleb did give her the field when she asked him for it (verse 14). She is now asking for springs of water in addition to that field. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 41 | 1:16 | x6ei | of Moses’ father-in-law | 0 | Alternate translation: “of the father of Moses’ wife” | ||
| 42 | 1:16 | fqe9 | father-in-law the Kenite went up | 0 | Alternate translation: “father-in-law, who was one of the Ken people, went up” | ||
| 43 | 1:16 | n6kh | went up from the City of Palms … into the wilderness | 0 | Alternate translation: “left the City of Palms … and went into the wilderness” | ||
| 44 | 1:16 | a29w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | City of Palms | 0 | This is another name for the city of Jericho. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 45 | 1:16 | u7t8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Arad | 0 | This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 46 | 1:17 | e48a | the men of Simeon their brothers | 0 | Here “brothers” means relatives who were in another tribe of Israel. | ||
| 47 | 1:17 | nd84 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zephath | 0 | This is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 48 | 1:17 | iy2d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | The name of the city was called Hormah | 0 | After the Israelites destroyed Zephath, they changed its name to “Hormah.” The name “Hormah” means “complete destruction.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 49 | 1:19 | vtq2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Yahweh was with the people of Judah | 0 | Here “was with” means that Yahweh helped the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 50 | 1:19 | g27v | plains | 0 | a very large area of level, treeless ground | ||
| 51 | 1:20 | ys79 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Hebron was given to Caleb (like Moses had said) | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses had given Hebron to Caleb” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 52 | 1:20 | eml1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | three sons of Anak | 0 | The leaders of the people groups are used to refer to the entire group. Alternate translation: “three sons of Anak and their people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 53 | 1:20 | tyj7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Anak | 0 | This is the name of a man. Anak and his descendants were famous for being very tall. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 54 | 1:21 | l6aj | to this day | 0 | “until now.” This refers to the time the book of Judges was written. | ||
| 55 | 1:22 | da33 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The house of Joseph | 0 | Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “The men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 56 | 1:22 | pc1n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | to attack Bethel | 0 | Here “Bethel” represents the people who live in Bethel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 57 | 1:23 | ffy3 | spy | 0 | to get information secretly | ||
| 58 | 1:23 | vx3f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | the city that was formerly called Luz | 0 | This is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Luz but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Bethel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 59 | 1:24 | qdm8 | spies | 0 | people who get information secretly | ||
| 60 | 1:25 | dj1j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | they attacked the city | 0 | Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “they attacked the people of the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 61 | 1:25 | ncm9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | with the edge of the sword | 0 | “with the point of the sword.” Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. Alternate translation: “with their swords” or “with their weapons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 62 | 1:25 | uw87 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | get away | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “escape” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 63 | 1:26 | i4r5 | Luz | 0 | This new town started in the land of the Hittites was named after the town of Luz, near Bethel, that the man had left. | ||
| 64 | 1:26 | ym4e | which is its name to this day | 0 | “which is still its name.” Here “to this day” refers to the time when the book of Judges was written. | ||
| 65 | 1:27 | va98 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Shan … Taanach … Dor … Ibleam … Megiddo | 0 | These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 66 | 1:27 | grh4 | because the Canaanites were determined to live in that land | 0 | To “determine” is to firmly decide something. Alternate translation: “because the Canaanites firmly decided not to leave that land” | ||
| 67 | 1:28 | m64k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | When Israel became strong | 0 | Here “Israel” represents the people. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel became stronger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 68 | 1:28 | h7tu | they forced the Canaanites to serve them with hard labor | 0 | Alternate translation: “they forced the Canaanites to do hard work for them” | ||
| 69 | 1:29 | ek8n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Ephraim did not | 0 | Here “Ephraim” the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 70 | 1:29 | u8mq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Gezer | 0 | The name of one of the cities in the Ephraim area. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 71 | 1:30 | z9je | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Zebulun did not drive out | 0 | Here “Zebulun” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 72 | 1:30 | p5am | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Kitron … Nahalol | 0 | These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 73 | 1:30 | l8tv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | but Zebulun forced | 0 | Here “Zebulun” represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 74 | 1:30 | cp5q | hard labor | 0 | Alternate translation: “difficult labor” | ||
| 75 | 1:31 | e29r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Asher did not drive | 0 | Here “Asher” represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 76 | 1:31 | b612 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Akko … Sidon … Ahlab, Akzib, Helbah, Aphek … Rehob | 0 | These are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 77 | 1:33 | d9v1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Shemesh … Beth Anath | 0 | These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 78 | 1:33 | pck2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were forced into hard labor for Naphthali | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people of Naphtali forced the people of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath to work for them as slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 79 | 1:34 | w8it | not allowing them to come down | 0 | Alternate translation: “stopping them from coming down” | ||
| 80 | 1:34 | ijt5 | plain | 0 | a very large area of flat land without trees | ||
| 81 | 1:35 | qwt2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Heres | 0 | This is the name of a large hill on which the city of Aijalon was built. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 82 | 1:35 | cw8t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Aijalon … Shaalbim | 0 | These are names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 83 | 1:35 | x276 | the military might of the house of Joseph conquered them | 0 | Alternate translation: “the tribes of people who descended from Joseph were able to conquer them because of their powerful army” | ||
| 84 | 1:35 | uvw1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | house of Joseph | 0 | Here “house” represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the “house of Joseph” can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim” or “the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 85 | 1:36 | g7nx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | the hill of Akrabbim | 0 | This was a pass southwest of the Dead Sea. It is also called the “Scorpion Pass.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 86 | 1:36 | qr2w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Sela | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 87 | 2:intro | mf6a | 0 | # Judges 2 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh tests Israel\n\nYahweh said, “Because this nation has broken the terms of my covenant.” Completely removing the Canaanites from the land was a test from Yahweh. While Yahweh displayed covenant faithfulness, Israel did not. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/test]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]]) | |||
| 88 | 2:1 | tt9y | angel of Yahweh | 0 | This could mean: (1) “angel who represents Yahweh” or (2) “messenger who serves Yahweh” or (3) it may refer to Yahweh himself, who looked like an angel as he talked to a person. Either one of these meanings would explain the angel’s use of “I” as if Yahweh himself were talking. | ||
| 89 | 2:1 | q2ka | went up from Gilgal to Bokim | 0 | Alternate translation: “left Gilgal and went to Bokim” | ||
| 90 | 2:1 | x66i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Bokim | 0 | This is what the Israelites named this place in 2:5 after the angel rebukes the people. “Bokim” means “crying.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 91 | 2:1 | te37 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | and said | 0 | It is understood that the angel of Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and said to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 92 | 2:1 | im2i | brought you up from Egypt | 0 | Alternate translation: “led you from Egypt” | ||
| 93 | 2:1 | ha9u | your fathers | 0 | Alternate translation: “your ancestors” or “your forefathers” | ||
| 94 | 2:1 | p92u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | break my covenant with you | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “fail to do what I said I would do for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 95 | 2:2 | syq4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | you have not listened to my voice | 0 | Here “voice” represents what Yahweh said. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed my commands” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 96 | 2:2 | w8ys | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What is this that you have done? | 0 | This question is asked to cause the people of Israel to realize they have disobeyed Yahweh and will suffer because of it. Alternate translation: “You have done a terrible thing.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 97 | 2:3 | kdq3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes | So now I say, ‘I will not … trap for you.’ | 0 | This has a quotation within a quotation. This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “So now I tell you that I will not … trap for you.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) | |
| 98 | 2:3 | plg4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | become thorns in your sides | 0 | The Canaanites troubling the Israelites is spoken of as if the Canaanites would be thorns in the side of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “cause you trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 99 | 2:3 | y4wm | thorns | 0 | sharp pieces of wood up to 7 centimeters long that stick out from some plants | ||
| 100 | 2:3 | b6w1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | their gods will become a trap for you | 0 | The Israelites worshiping the Canaanite gods is spoken of as if the false gods were a hunter’s trap that catches an animal and causes it harm. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 101 | 2:4 | f5v2 | shouted and wept | 0 | Alternate translation: “cried many tears” | ||
| 102 | 2:6 | p53v | Now when Joshua | 0 | Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator begins a summary that explains how the generations of Israelites after Joshua sinned and worshiped false gods so that Yahweh punished them, but then he would send judges to rescue them. This summary ends in 2:23. | ||
| 103 | 2:6 | u1xb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | when Joshua … of their land | 0 | The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. This is recounting events that happened at the end of the book of Joshua. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 104 | 2:6 | i12e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | to the place assigned | 0 | You may want to help your readers by stating who assigned this place to them. Alternate translation: “to the place Yahweh gave them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 105 | 2:7 | kcc2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | 0 | The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | ||
| 106 | 2:7 | ydz9 | during the lifetime | 0 | This means the time that someone lived. Alternate translation: “during the life” | ||
| 107 | 2:7 | g5ah | the elders | 0 | Here this means the men who helped lead Israel, participating in matters of social justice and in religious matters such as maintaining the law of Moses. | ||
| 108 | 2:7 | qml9 | outlived him | 0 | This means to live longer than someone else. Alternate translation: “lived longer than he did” | ||
| 109 | 2:8 | ii19 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | 0 | The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 continues. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | ||
| 110 | 2:8 | m4jx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Joshua son of Nun … died at the age of 110 years old | 0 | The background information that begins with the words “Now when Joshua” in verse 6 ends. The events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 111 | 2:8 | k12w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Nun | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 112 | 2:8 | xfn6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 110 years old | 0 | “one hundred and ten years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 113 | 2:9 | ne2z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | he was assigned | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that God gave him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 114 | 2:9 | yk2s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Timnath Heres | 0 | This is the name of an area of land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 115 | 2:9 | f8u2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Gaash | 0 | This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 116 | 2:10 | umh1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | All that generation was also gathered to their fathers | 0 | The phrase “was also gathered to their fathers” means that as the people of that generation died, their souls went to the same place as their ancestors who died before them. It is a polite way of saying they died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 117 | 2:10 | r6cs | fathers | 0 | Here this means the ancestors of a certain person or people group. | ||
| 118 | 2:10 | flq1 | grew up | 0 | Alternate translation: “grew older” or “became older” | ||
| 119 | 2:10 | qd7f | who did not know Yahweh | 0 | Here “did not know” means they had not experienced Yahweh or his power the way the previous generation had. | ||
| 120 | 2:11 | yhh4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 121 | 2:11 | gx61 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Baals | 0 | This is the plural of Baal. While “Baal” was generally the name of one false god, the word was also used for various other gods that were often worshiped along with Baal. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 122 | 2:12 | tp3f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | They broke away from Yahweh | 0 | The Israelites no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically broke away from him and left him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 123 | 2:12 | re2c | their fathers | 0 | Alternate translation: “their ancestors” or “their forefathers” | ||
| 124 | 2:12 | n4xl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | They went after other gods | 0 | The Israelites starting to worship false gods is spoken of as if the Israelites walked and went after the false gods. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 125 | 2:12 | w9r2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | bowed down to them | 0 | This is an act of worship and giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 126 | 2:12 | j3xw | They provoked Yahweh to anger | 0 | Alternate translation: “They caused Yahweh to become angry” | ||
| 127 | 2:13 | ddu6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Ashtoreths | 0 | This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 128 | 2:14 | r6xm | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | The anger of Yahweh burned against Israel | 0 | The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 129 | 2:14 | bjf9 | he gave them to the raiders who stole their possessions from them | 0 | Alternate translation: “he let raiders steal their possessions” | ||
| 130 | 2:14 | v1ki | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | He sold them as slaves who were held by the strength of their enemies around them, so they could no longer defend themselves against their enemies | 0 | Yahweh allowing the enemies to take the Israelites as slaves is spoken of as if he sold them into slavery. The phrase “who were held by” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He allowed their enemies to conquer them and take them as slaves, and they could no longer resist their powerful enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 131 | 2:15 | b13p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Yahweh’s hand was against them to defeat them | 0 | Here “hand” represents Yahweh’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped their enemies defeat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 132 | 2:15 | n59g | they were in terrible distress | 0 | Alternate translation: “they were suffering terribly” | ||
| 133 | 2:16 | t2b3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | Then Yahweh raised up judges | 0 | Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he were raising or lifting the persons up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 134 | 2:16 | myh2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | out of the hand of those | 0 | Here “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the power of the enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 135 | 2:17 | p49i | they would not listen to their judges | 0 | Alternate translation: “they would not obey their judges” | ||
| 136 | 2:17 | dv8s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | gave themselves like prostitutes to other gods and worshiped them | 0 | The people betraying Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the people were prostitutes. Alternate translation: “betrayed him by worshiping false gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 137 | 2:17 | wwn4 | their fathers | 0 | Alternate translation: “their ancestors” or “their forefathers” | ||
| 138 | 2:18 | eau5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | When Yahweh raised up judges | 0 | Yahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the persons. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 139 | 2:18 | hz8j | judges for them … rescued them | 0 | The word “them” refers to the Israelites. | ||
| 140 | 2:18 | ql9k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the hand of their enemies | 0 | Here “hand” refers to power of the enemies to hurt Israel. Alternate translation: “the power of their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 141 | 2:18 | j2rk | all the days the judge lived | 0 | Alternate translation: “as long as the judge lived” | ||
| 142 | 2:18 | n8w4 | pity | 0 | to have compassion for someone or something | ||
| 143 | 2:18 | g95t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | as they groaned | 0 | The sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate translation: “as they suffered” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 144 | 2:19 | q63w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | they would turn away | 0 | The people no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they would physically turn away from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 145 | 2:19 | fnt4 | their fathers | 0 | Alternate translation: “their ancestors” or “their forefathers” | ||
| 146 | 2:19 | kid3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | They would go after other gods to serve them and worship them | 0 | The Israelites worshiping other gods is spoken of as if they were walking and going after other gods. Alternate translation: “They would serve and worship other gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 147 | 2:19 | lq1a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes | They refused to give up any of their evil practices or their stubborn ways | 0 | “They refused to stop doing evil things and being stubborn.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “They continued doing evil things and being stubborn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) | |
| 148 | 2:20 | b7rk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | The anger of Yahweh burned against Israel | 0 | The anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 149 | 2:20 | clk3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | this nation has broken | 0 | Here “nation” represents the people. Alternate translation: “these people have broken” or “the Israelites have broken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 150 | 2:21 | ry6q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | any of the nations | 0 | Here “nations” represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 151 | 2:22 | n194 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | they will keep the way of Yahweh and walk in it | 0 | How Yahweh wants people to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking in his way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 152 | 2:23 | tn49 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet | did not drive them out quickly and give them into the hand of Joshua | 0 | These two phrases mean the same thing and can be combined. Alternate translation: “he did not let Joshua quickly conquer them and drive them out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) | |
| 153 | 2:23 | b618 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | into the hand of Joshua | 0 | Here “hand” is a metonym for power, and “Joshua” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “into the power of Joshua and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 154 | 3:intro | k35h | 0 | # Judges 3 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The people worship false gods\n\nIsrael worshiped idols and false gods. Because of this, Yahweh allowed Aram and Moab to rule over them. In the period of Judges, when Israel sinned, they were often placed under the rule of a foreign power. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “Blew a trumpet”\n\nWhen Ehud “blew a trumpet,” he was calling all of the men to come help him fight. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |||
| 155 | 3:1 | w2is | Now Yahweh | 0 | Here “Now” begins a new section of the story. | ||
| 156 | 3:1 | hp8z | these nations | 0 | This refers to the people groups that the narrator will list in 3:3. | ||
| 157 | 3:1 | xj63 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | who had not experienced any of the wars fought in Canaan | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who had not fought in any of the wars in Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 158 | 3:2 | l4u8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | He did this to teach warfare to the new generation of the Israelites who had not known it before | 0 | This breaks from the main story line. The narrator gives background information about why Yahweh left some of the people groups in Canaan. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left nations among the Israelites to teach the young men who had not fought in battle before how to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 159 | 3:3 | mgb4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | the five kings | 0 | These five kings represent themselves and their people. Alternate translation: “the five kings and their people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 160 | 3:3 | upq5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Baal Hermon | 0 | This is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 161 | 3:3 | z6zc | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Hamath Pass | 0 | This is the name of an area at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 162 | 3:4 | vqn2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | These nations were left | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh left these nations in Canaan” or “Yahweh allowed these nations to continue to live in Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 163 | 3:4 | dzs7 | as a means | 0 | Alternate translation: “as a way” | ||
| 164 | 3:4 | f89f | whether they would … gave their ancestors | 0 | The words “they” and “their” refer to the people of Israel. | ||
| 165 | 3:4 | wbc7 | the commands he gave | 0 | Alternate translation: “the commands Yahweh gave” | ||
| 166 | 3:7 | p6m5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 167 | 3:7 | e1t1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | forgot Yahweh their God | 0 | Here “forgot” is an idiom that means “they stopped obeying.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 168 | 3:8 | yg7p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | the anger of Yahweh was set on fire | 0 | Yahweh becoming very angry is spoken of as if his anger were something that could be set on fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 169 | 3:8 | gwp8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | sold them into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim | 0 | Allowing the people of Israel to be conquered is spoken of as if Yahweh sold them to Cushan-Rishathaim. Alternate translation: “allowed Cushan-Rishathaim and his army to defeat them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 170 | 3:8 | zj78 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim | 0 | Here “hand” is a metonym that represents power or control. Also, “Cushan-Rishathaim” is a synechdoche that represents himself and his army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 171 | 3:8 | b1vl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Cushan-Rishathaim | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 172 | 3:8 | a27l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Aram Naharaim | 0 | This is the name of a country. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 173 | 3:9 | vg5k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | Yahweh raised up someone | 0 | Yahweh appointing someone to do a special work for him is spoken of as if Yahweh raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 174 | 3:9 | k6r6 | Othniel … Kenaz | 0 | See how you translated these men’s names in [Judges 1:13](../01/13.md). | ||
| 175 | 3:10 | y845 | empowered him | 0 | This phrase means that Yahweh helped Othniel to have and develop the qualities he needed to be a great leader. | ||
| 176 | 3:10 | rq2z | he judged Israel | 0 | Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel. | ||
| 177 | 3:10 | k8cd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | he went out to war | 0 | Here “he” refers to Othniel who represents himself and the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Othniel and the Israelite soldiers went to fight against the army of Cushan-Rishathaim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 178 | 3:10 | l4lh | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Yahweh gave him victory over Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram | 0 | Here “Cushan-Rishathaim” represents his army. Alternate translation: “Yahweh helped the Israelite army defeat the army of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 179 | 3:10 | f953 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The hand of Othniel | 0 | Here “hand” is a metonym for army. Alternate translation: “The army of Othniel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 180 | 3:11 | svg9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The land had peace | 0 | “The land” is used to refer to the people who lived in the land. Alternate translation: “The people lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 181 | 3:11 | i8ks | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | forty years | 0 | “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 182 | 3:12 | l914 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 183 | 3:12 | nj1t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | Yahweh gave strength to Eglon king of Moab | 0 | If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made Eglon king of Moab strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 184 | 3:12 | s1wn | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | to Eglon king of Moab to overpower the Israelites | 0 | Here “Eglon king of Moab” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “to Eglon king of Moab and his soldiers as they attacked the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 185 | 3:12 | z23q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Eglon | 0 | This is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 186 | 3:13 | rp3h | the City of Palms | 0 | This is another name for the city of Jericho. See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). | ||
| 187 | 3:14 | h6y6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | eighteen years | 0 | “18 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 188 | 3:15 | mpv5 | called out to Yahweh | 0 | Here this means to shout or speak loudly to someone far away. It can also mean to ask someone for help, especially God. | ||
| 189 | 3:15 | zn6d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | raised up someone | 0 | Yahweh appointing someone to do a special service for him is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 190 | 3:15 | jja5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Ehud … Gera | 0 | These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 191 | 3:15 | w4sk | left-handed | 0 | Ehud was better able to hold a sword with his left hand. | ||
| 192 | 3:16 | fm5l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance | one cubit | 0 | If it is necessary to use a modern measurement of length, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “46 centimeters” or “about one half meter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]]) | |
| 193 | 3:16 | i3y7 | he strapped it on under his clothing on his right thigh | 0 | Alternate translation: “he tied it to his right thigh under his clothing” | ||
| 194 | 3:16 | s4wh | thigh | 0 | the part of the leg between the knee and the hip | ||
| 195 | 3:17 | k42d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now Eglon was a very fat man | 0 | Here “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Eglon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 196 | 3:19 | q56y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | when he reached the place where the carved images were made near Gilgal | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when he arrived at the place near Gilgal where people made carved images” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 197 | 3:20 | f67g | in the coolness of the upper room | 0 | This is a room above the lower level that was used for rest and to remain cool during the hot part of the day. | ||
| 198 | 3:20 | p7ft | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | The king got up out of his seat | 0 | Standing up was a sign of honoring God will listening to his message. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 199 | 3:22 | k49p | The tip of the sword came out of his back | 0 | Alternate translation: “The sharp end of the sword came out of his back” | ||
| 200 | 3:23 | djg4 | porch | 0 | an outside room with low walls and a roof covering | ||
| 201 | 3:24 | z2qt | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | Surely he is relieving himself | 0 | This is a polite way to speak about a person having a bowel movement (defecating) or urinating. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 202 | 3:25 | d7zv | until they felt they were neglecting their duty | 0 | They waited until they became worried that something was wrong and it was their duty to open the doors to their king’s private room. | ||
| 203 | 3:25 | e1jf | took the key and opened them | 0 | Alternate translation: “took the key and opened the doors” | ||
| 204 | 3:26 | r2ig | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events | While the servants were waiting … Ehud escaped | 0 | This tells what happened before the servants opened the doors to the upper room and found the king dead. Alternate translation: “Meanwhile, as the servants were still waiting outside of the upper room … Ehud escaped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events]]) | |
| 205 | 3:26 | x36q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Seirah | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 206 | 3:27 | zet1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | When he arrived | 0 | You may want to help your readers by stating where he arrived. Alternate translation: “When he arrived in Seirah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 207 | 3:28 | s9y4 | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nEhud speaks to the people of Israel in Ephraim. | ||
| 208 | 3:28 | ax6h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | for Yahweh is about to defeat your enemies | 0 | Yahweh helping the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight and defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 209 | 3:28 | i3vy | captured the fords | 0 | Alternate translation: “gained control of the fords” | ||
| 210 | 3:28 | k9q1 | fords | 0 | the areas of a river where it is shallow and easy to walk across to the other side | ||
| 211 | 3:28 | uf81 | did not allow anyone to cross | 0 | Alternate translation: “did not let anyone cross” | ||
| 212 | 3:29 | jjy8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | ten thousand men | 0 | “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 213 | 3:29 | e6ge | capable men | 0 | Alternate translation: “able men” or “men able to fight well” | ||
| 214 | 3:30 | ch1z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Moab was subdued by the strength of Israel | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the Israelite army defeated the Moabites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 215 | 3:30 | par9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the strength of Israel | 0 | Here “strength” represents the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 216 | 3:30 | w1xr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the land had rest | 0 | Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 217 | 3:30 | dln1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | eighty years | 0 | “80 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 218 | 3:31 | psq1 | judge | 0 | God appointed judges to lead the people of Israel in times of trouble after they entered the Promised Land and before they had kings. Often judges rescued the Israelites from their enemies. | ||
| 219 | 3:31 | xdh8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Shamgar | 0 | The name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 220 | 3:31 | uz68 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Anath | 0 | The name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 221 | 3:31 | f6s9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 600 men | 0 | “six hundred men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 222 | 3:31 | z3lr | a stick used to goad cattle | 0 | Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. AT “a stick used to urge cattle to move” or “a stick used to direct cattle” | ||
| 223 | 3:31 | n8z3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | He also delivered Israel from danger | 0 | The word “danger” refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 224 | 4:intro | pjw5 | 0 | # Judges 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapters 4 and 5 form one section about Barak and Deborah.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Barak’s leadership\n\nAt this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a military leader. Barak lacked the strength to go into battle without Deborah. This indicates that Barak was a poor leader. If a woman won the battle for him, it would have brought Barak shame. It also indicates that Deborah was very well respected. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |||
| 225 | 4:1 | h4q7 | Ehud | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). | ||
| 226 | 4:1 | aq65 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 227 | 4:2 | yj14 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan | 0 | Here “hand” refers to Jabin’s power over Israel. Yahweh’s decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate translation: “Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 228 | 4:2 | i943 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jabin … Sisera | 0 | These are the names of men (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 229 | 4:2 | fk1t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Hazor … Harosheth Haggoyim | 0 | These are the names of cities or places (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 230 | 4:3 | ftq8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | nine hundred iron chariots | 0 | “900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 231 | 4:3 | k27q | twenty years | 0 | Alternate translation: “20 years” | ||
| 232 | 4:4 | e7xn | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Deborah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 233 | 4:4 | nnu6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Deborah | 0 | This is the name of a woman (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 234 | 4:4 | gru6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Lappidoth | 0 | This is the name of a man (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 235 | 4:4 | lj93 | judge | 0 | God appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies. | ||
| 236 | 4:5 | uy3x | palm of Deborah | 0 | This tree was named after Deborah. | ||
| 237 | 4:6 | b5l8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nThe writer of Judges refers to men, a city, a mountain, and a river by their names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 238 | 4:6 | ehp5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Barak … Abinoam | 0 | These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 239 | 4:6 | yn83 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Tabor | 0 | This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 240 | 4:6 | vi2x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | ten thousand men | 0 | “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 241 | 4:7 | rm5r | I will draw out | 0 | Here “I” refers to God. | ||
| 242 | 4:7 | mmc1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | draw out Sisera | 0 | Here “Sisera” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “draw out Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 243 | 4:7 | hl3v | draw out | 0 | to cause people to come away from a safe location | ||
| 244 | 4:7 | k3na | Sisera … Jabin | 0 | See how you translated these men’s names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 245 | 4:7 | sue6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Kishon | 0 | This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 246 | 4:8 | qr6v | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nBarak has a discussion with Deborah. | ||
| 247 | 4:8 | b27v | Barak | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 248 | 4:9 | y6ww | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | the road on which you are going will not lead to your honor | 0 | The choice Barak makes is spoken of as if Barak were choosing a road on which to travel. And, “honor” is spoken of as if it were a destination to which one travels. Alternate translation: “no one will honor you for what you do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 249 | 4:9 | v8ri | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman | 0 | Here “hand” refers to her power to kill him. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 250 | 4:9 | msw7 | Sisera | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 251 | 4:9 | bi9q | Deborah | 0 | See how you translated this woman’s name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). | ||
| 252 | 4:10 | g69f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | Ten thousand men | 0 | “10,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 253 | 4:11 | wq16 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Heber the Kenite. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 254 | 4:11 | fty7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Heber … Hobab | 0 | These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 255 | 4:11 | aup8 | Kenite | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md) | ||
| 256 | 4:11 | jez1 | Moses’ father-in-law | 0 | Alternate translation: “the father of Moses’ wife” | ||
| 257 | 4:11 | y5mf | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zaanannim | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 258 | 4:12 | rkt1 | When they told Sisera | 0 | Here “they” does not identify anyone specifically. Alternate translation: “When someone told Sisera” | ||
| 259 | 4:12 | dcw1 | Sisera | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 260 | 4:12 | i2cf | Barak … Abinoam … Mount Tabor | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 261 | 4:13 | r3xw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Sisera called out all his chariots | 0 | Here “chariots” represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 262 | 4:13 | avt4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | nine hundred iron chariots | 0 | “900 iron chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 263 | 4:13 | x4xy | Harosheth Haggoyim | 0 | See how you translated the name of this city in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 264 | 4:13 | a7q6 | Kishon River | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 4:7](../04/07.md). | ||
| 265 | 4:14 | pb3b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture | Yahweh has given you victory | 0 | Because Deborah is certain of victory, she speaks as if Barak had already won the battle. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give you victory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]]) | |
| 266 | 4:14 | r1ph | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Is not Yahweh leading you? | 0 | Deborah asks this question to remind Barak that they fight on the side of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Remember, Yahweh is leading you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 267 | 4:14 | fv1q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | with ten thousand | 0 | “with 10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 268 | 4:15 | t5qj | Yahweh confused Sisera and all his chariots and all his army | 0 | Alternate translation: “Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army unable to think clearly” or “Yahweh made Sisera and all his chariots and all his army panic” | ||
| 269 | 4:15 | u8qh | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | all his chariots | 0 | Here the word “chariots” is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate translation: “all the men driving chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 270 | 4:16 | qj43 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Barak pursued | 0 | Here “Barak” represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers chased” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 271 | 4:16 | ce5l | Harosheth | 0 | Translate this the same way you did in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 272 | 4:16 | x3gk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | the whole army of Sisera was killed by the edge of the sword | 0 | Here “sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Barak and his soldiers killed Sisera’s whole army with their swords” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 273 | 4:17 | ayi3 | Sisera … Jabin … Hazor | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 274 | 4:17 | h17w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | ran away on foot | 0 | This is an idiom that means he was walking rather than riding a horse or in a chariot. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 275 | 4:17 | mp3u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jael | 0 | This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 276 | 4:17 | s2ne | Heber | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md). | ||
| 277 | 4:17 | kwu8 | Kenite | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). | ||
| 278 | 4:18 | k8b1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Turn aside | 0 | This means to change course during a journey in order to rest. Alternate translation: “Come here” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 279 | 4:18 | u5k9 | blanket | 0 | a large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins | ||
| 280 | 4:19 | cn6j | He said to her | 0 | Alternate translation: “Sisera said to Jael” | ||
| 281 | 4:21 | ctd6 | tent peg | 0 | a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent | ||
| 282 | 4:21 | i8q2 | hammer | 0 | a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground | ||
| 283 | 4:21 | lvc4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | a deep sleep | 0 | Like a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 284 | 4:22 | n7wq | Barak was pursuing | 0 | Alternate translation: “Barak was chasing” or “Barak was following after” | ||
| 285 | 4:23 | xzh1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | God defeated Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the people of Israel | 0 | God causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 286 | 4:24 | y25t | The might | 0 | Alternate translation: “The military power” | ||
| 287 | 4:24 | zcb9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | they destroyed him | 0 | Here “him” refers to Jabin who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they destroyed Jabin and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 288 | 5:intro | jgd9 | 0 | # Judges 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Deborah and Barak continues in this chapter.\n\nSome translations prefer to set apart quotations, prayers, and songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of Chapter 5, which is a song, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### The flood\n\nGod caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban’s chariots making\nthem vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |||
| 289 | 5:1 | w7ex | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | On that day | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “On the day the Israelites defeated the army of King Jabin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 290 | 5:1 | pfq9 | Deborah | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). | ||
| 291 | 5:1 | l3sj | Barak … Abinoam | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 292 | 5:2 | s181 | when the people gladly volunteer for war | 0 | Alternate translation: “when the men agree to fight in battle” | ||
| 293 | 5:3 | hs8j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe | Listen, you kings! Pay attention, you leaders | 0 | Deborah and Barak speak to the kings and leaders as if they were there listening to the song. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]]) | |
| 294 | 5:3 | cbt1 | you kings … you leaders | 0 | This refers to kings and leaders in general, not to specific kings or leaders. | ||
| 295 | 5:4 | f5pu | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | when you went out from Seir, when you marched from Edom | 0 | This refers to the time when the Israelites left Edom to start conquering the people in Canaan. Yahweh empowering his people to defeat the people of Canaan is spoken of as if he were a warrior leading the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 296 | 5:4 | vj7e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Seir | 0 | Seir is a mountain on the border of the land of Israel and Edom. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 297 | 5:4 | hw54 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | the earth shook, and the skies also trembled; also the clouds poured down water | 0 | This could mean: (1) this is poetic language that emphasizes Yahweh’s power by describing it as causing earthquakes and storms or (2) the people of Canaan being terrified as the Israelites were about to attack them is spoken of as if the earth and sky were shaking. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 298 | 5:5 | p4qp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification | The mountains quaked | 0 | This probably refers to earthquakes and gives the impression that the mountains quaked because they were very afraid of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “The mountains trembled in fear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 299 | 5:5 | d62l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | before the face of Yahweh | 0 | Here “face” refers Yahweh’s presence. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 300 | 5:5 | wuf5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | even Mount Sinai quaked | 0 | When Moses and Israel were at Mount Sinai, it quaked. Alternate translation: “long ago, even Mount Sinai quaked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 301 | 5:6 | he9e | In the days of | 0 | Alternate translation: “During the lifetime of” | ||
| 302 | 5:6 | asi7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Shamgar … Anath … Jael | 0 | These are the names of people. See how you translated Shamgar and Anath in [Judges 3:31](../03/31.md) and Jael in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 303 | 5:6 | rw34 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | son of Anath | 0 | Shamgar’s father is mentioned to help identify Shamgar and when he lived. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 304 | 5:6 | ki5e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | the main roads were abandoned | 0 | This can be stated in active form and you can make explicit why the roads were abandoned Alternate translation: “people stopped using the main roads; because they were afraid of Israel’s enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 305 | 5:6 | i6j5 | the winding paths | 0 | This refers to smaller roads that fewer people traveled on. | ||
| 306 | 5:7 | n27x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | I, Deborah, arose—arose as a mother in Israel | 0 | Deborah speaks of becoming a leader in Israel as if she were a mother taking care of young children. Alternate translation: “I, Deborah, began to lead—I took care of the Israelites as a mother takes care of her children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 307 | 5:8 | mxk4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | they chose new gods | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel worshiped new gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 308 | 5:8 | duj5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | there was fighting at the city gates | 0 | Here “gates” represents the entire city. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “enemies attacked the people within the Israelite cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 309 | 5:8 | v83h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | there were no shields or spears seen among forty thousand in Israel | 0 | This statement is probably an exaggeration about how few weapons the Israelites had. Alternate translation: “few weapons for battle remained in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 310 | 5:8 | dl2n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | forty thousand in Israel | 0 | “40,000 in Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 311 | 5:9 | u5zy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | My heart goes out to the commanders of Israel | 0 | The word “heart” represents a person’s emotions. The phrase “My heart goes out to” is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate translation: “I appreciate the commanders of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 312 | 5:10 | dt2p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism | you who ride on white donkeys … you who walk along the road | 0 | This contrast probably refers to rich people and poor people. Alternate translation: “you rich people who ride on white donkeys … you poor people who walk along the road” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) | |
| 313 | 5:10 | vf24 | sitting on rugs for saddles | 0 | These rugs were probably used as saddles on the donkey’s back to make the rider more comfortable. | ||
| 314 | 5:11 | v4bj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Hear the voices of those | 0 | Here “voices” represents the people singing. Alternate translation: “Listen to those” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 315 | 5:11 | f6il | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | went down to the city gates | 0 | Here “gates” represents the whole city. Alternate translation: “returned to their cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 316 | 5:12 | de7e | Awake, awake | 0 | Possible speakers are: (1) the people of Israel or (2) Deborah who is speaking to herself or (3) the poet who wrote the song. | ||
| 317 | 5:12 | jc43 | Deborah | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). | ||
| 318 | 5:12 | qc51 | Barak … Abinoam | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 319 | 5:13 | tl3e | to me with the warriors | 0 | The word “me” refers to Deborah. | ||
| 320 | 5:14 | e478 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | from Ephraim, whose root is in Amalek | 0 | The people of Ephraim living in the land where the descendants of Amalek originally lived is spoken of as if the people of Ephraim were planted and their roots grew into the land. Alternate translation: “from Ephraim, that land where the descendants of Amalek once lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 321 | 5:14 | k3ph | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | followed you | 0 | Here “you” refers to the people of Ephraim. It can be stated in third person. Alternate translation: “followed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) | |
| 322 | 5:14 | yna1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Machir | 0 | This is the place where the descendants of Machir live. Machir was the son of Manasseh and the grandson of Joseph. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 323 | 5:14 | rl91 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from Zebulun those who carry an officer’s staff | 0 | Military leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate translation: “military leaders from Zebulun” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 324 | 5:15 | ruv4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person | My princes in Issachar were with Deborah | 0 | Here “My” refers to Deborah. This whole statement can be translated in first person. Alternate translation: “My princes in Issachar were with me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) | |
| 325 | 5:15 | w1en | Deborah | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md). | ||
| 326 | 5:15 | sn4n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Issachar was with Barak | 0 | Here “Issachar” refers to the tribe of Issachar. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Issachar was with Barak” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 327 | 5:15 | yt1t | Barak | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 328 | 5:15 | z2wa | rushing after him into the valley under his command | 0 | Alternate translation: “obeying his command and rushing after him into the valley” | ||
| 329 | 5:15 | u31z | rushing after | 0 | Alternate translation: “following after” or “hurrying after” | ||
| 330 | 5:15 | sdi1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | there were great searchings of heart | 0 | Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate translation: “there was a lot of discussing about what they should do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 331 | 5:16 | wc6c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why did you sit between the fireplaces, listening to the shepherds playing their pipes for their flocks? | 0 | This question is asked to criticize the people of Reuben because they did not decide to come fight in the battle. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have helped us fight, instead of staying at home and listening to the shepherds playing their pipes for their flocks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 332 | 5:16 | xdd2 | the fireplaces | 0 | Some versions of the Bible have the translation “the sheepfolds” or “the sheep pens.” | ||
| 333 | 5:16 | jg14 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | there were great searchings of heart | 0 | Here “heart” represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in [Judges 5:15](../05/15.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 334 | 5:17 | pg1n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Gilead stayed | 0 | Here “Gilead” the men from Gilead who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Gilead stayed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 335 | 5:17 | zwj6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | the other side of the Jordan | 0 | This refers to the east side of the Jordan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 336 | 5:17 | l6vz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Dan, why did he wander about on ships? | 0 | This question is asked to express anger because the people of the tribe of Dan would not fight for Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan should not have remained on their ships!” or “the people of the tribe of Dan did not help us in the battle. Instead they were wandering around on the sea in ships!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 337 | 5:17 | wn8k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Dan, why did he | 0 | Here “Dan” represents the men from Dan who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “the men of Dan, why did they” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 338 | 5:17 | wy1c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | wander about on ships | 0 | The tribe of Dan was located near the Mediterranean sea. They sailed on the sea to make money through trade and fishing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 339 | 5:17 | q466 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Asher remained on the coast and lived close to his harbors | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of the tribe of Asher also failed to help us, they just remained on the coast near their harbors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 340 | 5:17 | hk9v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Asher remained | 0 | Here “Asher” represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate translation: “The men of Asher remained” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 341 | 5:17 | s37f | harbors | 0 | places at the seacoast with deeper water where ships were kept | ||
| 342 | 5:18 | iq38 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | Naphtali, also | 0 | You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “Naphtali was a tribe who would also risk their lives to the point of death” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 343 | 5:19 | klr4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | The kings came, they fought … the kings of Canaan fought | 0 | The king of a people group is used to refer to himself and the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The kings and their armies came and fought … the kings of Canaan and their armies fought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 344 | 5:19 | qh9s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | they fought … fought | 0 | The word “us” is understood. Alternate translation: “they fought us … fought us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 345 | 5:19 | bwx4 | Taanach … Megiddo | 0 | Translate the names of these places as you did in [Judges 1:27](../01/27.md). | ||
| 346 | 5:19 | jn5l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | no silver as plunder | 0 | Here “silver” represents any treasure in general. Alternate translation: “no silver or other treasures as plunder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 347 | 5:19 | lin6 | plunder | 0 | things taken by force, usually in battle or by thieves | ||
| 348 | 5:20 | uwf8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification | From heaven the stars fought, from their paths across the heavens they fought against Sisera | 0 | Yahweh helping the Israelite to defeat Sisera and his army is spoken of as if the stars themselves fought against Sisera and his army. This may refer to Yahweh using natural elements, specifically rain storms, to defeat Sisera. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 349 | 5:20 | r9rm | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | against Sisera | 0 | Here “Sisera” represents himself and his whole army. Alternate translation: “Sisera and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 350 | 5:20 | ac6p | Sisera | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 351 | 5:21 | yn1b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | The Kishon River swept them away | 0 | Because of the heavy rain the river flooded quickly causing the chariots to be stuck in the mud and drowning many soldiers. Alternate translation: “The Kishon River flooded and swept away Sisera’s soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 352 | 5:21 | h8ac | Kishon | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 353 | 5:21 | je12 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | March on my soul, be strong | 0 | Here “soul” refers to the whole person. The word “my” refers to Deborah. Alternate translation: “I tell myself to march on and to be strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 354 | 5:22 | wx9v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Then came the sound of horses’ hooves—galloping, the galloping of his mighty ones | 0 | This describes the sound of many horses running away from the battle. Alternate translation: “Then I heard the sound of horses running away. Sisera’s mighty horses were running away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 355 | 5:22 | n754 | galloping | 0 | runninb quickly | ||
| 356 | 5:23 | gg5n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Curse Meroz | 0 | Here “Meroz” represents the people who lived there. Alternate translation: “Curse the people of Meroz” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 357 | 5:23 | cdl6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Meroz | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 358 | 5:24 | n5q6 | Jael | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md). | ||
| 359 | 5:24 | r37w | Heber | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md). | ||
| 360 | 5:24 | jve5 | Kenite | 0 | Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md). | ||
| 361 | 5:25 | a4wl | brought him butter | 0 | Here “butter” refers to curdled milk. This was the best milk and a favorite drink among Jael’s people. Alternate translation: “brought him yogurt” or “brought him curds” | ||
| 362 | 5:25 | viu5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | a dish fit for princes | 0 | This phrase means the dish was of the best quality because princes were given the best things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 363 | 5:26 | k8d2 | She put her hand to the tent peg | 0 | Alternate translation: “Jael grabbed the tent peg with her left hand” | ||
| 364 | 5:26 | iyf8 | tent peg | 0 | This is a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md). | ||
| 365 | 5:26 | c1yp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | her right hand to the workman’s hammer | 0 | This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “she grabbed a hammer with her right hand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 366 | 5:26 | va7c | hammer | 0 | This is a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md). | ||
| 367 | 5:26 | hkm3 | Sisera | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md). | ||
| 368 | 5:27 | e9gf | limp | 0 | without strength or movement | ||
| 369 | 5:27 | ezv3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | he was violently killed | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “she killed him” or “he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 370 | 5:28 | duq1 | the lattice | 0 | This is a frame in the window made of crossed wood. | ||
| 371 | 5:28 | mw4d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | Why has it taken his chariot so long to come? Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots been delayed? | 0 | Both of these questions mean the same thing. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “Why is it taking Sisera so long to arrive home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 372 | 5:28 | k2dy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | taken his chariot … Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots | 0 | Both of these represent Sisera. Alternate translation: “taken Sisera … Why has he” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 373 | 5:29 | xa2n | wisest princesses | 0 | A “princess” is the daughter of a king, but a “princess” can also mean female advisers to the king’s family. Alternate translation: “wisest ladies” | ||
| 374 | 5:29 | mw32 | she gave herself the same answer | 0 | Alternate translation: “she said to herself the same thing” | ||
| 375 | 5:30 | l98i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Have they not found and divided up the plunder—a womb … plunder? | 0 | The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “They must have so much plunder that it is taking a long time to divide it. They have … plunder.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 376 | 5:30 | cw6v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | a womb, two wombs for every man … of those who plunder? | 0 | The women use a question to emphasize that they believe this is what certainly happened. Alternate translation: “There must be a womb, two wombs for every man … of those who plunder.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 377 | 5:30 | xgr7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | a womb, two wombs for every man | 0 | Here “womb” represents a woman. Sisera’s mother believes Sisera’s men have captured many women. Alternate translation: “Each soldier will receive a woman or two” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 378 | 5:30 | p9nz | dyed fabric | 0 | Alternate translation: “colored cloth” or “colored clothes” | ||
| 379 | 5:30 | zp9h | embroidered | 0 | having designs made of colored threads | ||
| 380 | 5:30 | yg2c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | for the necks of those who plunder | 0 | Here “necks” represents Sisera’s soldiers. Alternate translation: “for the soldiers who plunder to wear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 381 | 5:31 | bi4x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | like the sun when it rises in its might | 0 | The people of Israel wish to be like the sun that rises because no nation’s army is powerful enough to stop the sunrise. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 382 | 5:31 | q1yt | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the land had peace | 0 | Here “the land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “and the people of Israel lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 383 | 5:31 | mw3u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | for forty years | 0 | “for 40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 384 | 6:intro | p5sj | 0 | # Judges 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a section about Gideon. (Chapters 6-8)\n\n### Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Israel’s punishment\nIn Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) | |||
| 385 | 6:1 | ht3z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 386 | 6:1 | l9nl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the hand of Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Also, “hand” represents control. Alternate translation: “the control of the people of Midian” or “the control of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 387 | 6:2 | bs4z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The power of Midian oppressed Israel | 0 | Here “the power of Midian” refers to the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “The people of Midian were more powerful than the people of Israel and they oppressed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 388 | 6:2 | pl5z | dens | 0 | places in the rocky cliffs that would provide shelter | ||
| 389 | 6:4 | zcp1 | They would set up their army | 0 | Alternate translation: “The army would encamp” or “The army would set up their tents” | ||
| 390 | 6:5 | i2ld | Whenever they and their livestock and tents came up | 0 | The land of Midian was south of the land of Israel, near the Red Sea. It was common to use the phrase “came up” when speaking of traveling from Midian to Israel. Alternate translation: “Whenever the Midianites brought their livestock and tents to the land of Israel” | ||
| 391 | 6:5 | e5sl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | they would come as a swarm of locusts | 0 | The Midianites are compared to a swarm of locusts because they came in with a great number of people and their livestock ate everything that grew. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 392 | 6:5 | ra2i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | it was impossible to count | 0 | This is an exaggeration, a hyperbole, showing the number is very great. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 393 | 6:6 | eg3l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Midian weakened | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 394 | 6:6 | lcc3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | called out to Yahweh | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 395 | 6:7 | z7sa | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | called out to Yahweh | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh for help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 396 | 6:7 | r2ej | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | because of Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “because of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 397 | 6:8 | q22q | I brought you up from Egypt | 0 | Alternate translation: “I led you out of Egypt” | ||
| 398 | 6:8 | h336 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | the house of slavery | 0 | Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 399 | 6:9 | ue1t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from the hand | 0 | In this phrase “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 400 | 6:10 | ne4s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | obeyed my voice | 0 | - Here “my voice” represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “obeyed my command” or “obeyed me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 401 | 6:11 | sex8 | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story. | ||
| 402 | 6:11 | r6sg | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Ophrah | 0 | This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 403 | 6:11 | iz4d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Abiezrite | 0 | This is a people group named after their ancestor Abiezer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 404 | 6:11 | y3ww | was separating out the wheat by beating it on the floor | 0 | This is a process called “threshing.” Gideon was beating the wheat against the floor to separate the wheat grain from the rest of the wheat plant. | ||
| 405 | 6:12 | fe5w | appeared to him | 0 | Alternate translation: “went to him” | ||
| 406 | 6:13 | as35 | my master | 0 | Gideon uses the word “master” as a polite way to greet a stranger. He does not realize he is speaking to Yahweh in the form of an angel or a man. | ||
| 407 | 6:13 | in9x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Where are all his wonderful deeds that our fathers told us about, when they said, ‘Did not Yahweh bring us up from Egypt?’ | 0 | Gideon uses a question to challenge the stranger’s statement that Yahweh was with him. Also, the direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “We have not seen any wonderful deeds like the ones our fathers told us about when Yahweh brought them up from Egypt.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) | |
| 408 | 6:13 | e2k9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | gave us into the hand of Midian | 0 | The phrase “gave us into” means Yahweh allowed the Israelites to be defeated. Alternate translation: “allowed the Midianites to defeat us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 409 | 6:13 | vi7e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | gave us into the hand | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 410 | 6:13 | buc4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | of Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 411 | 6:14 | n2w1 | Yahweh looked at him | 0 | Alternate translation: “Yahweh looked at Gideon” | ||
| 412 | 6:14 | kx2t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from the hand | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 413 | 6:14 | wuu9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | of Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 414 | 6:14 | zs9h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Have I not sent you? | 0 | Yahweh uses a question to ensure Gideon that he is sending him. Here “sent” means Yahweh has appointed Gideon with a specific task. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am sending you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 415 | 6:15 | w5e8 | Please, Lord | 0 | Gideon now calls the person “Lord” instead of “my master” as in [Judges 6:13](../06/13.md). Here it seems Gideon either knows or suspects that he is speaking with Yahweh. | ||
| 416 | 6:15 | wn75 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | how can I deliver Israel? | 0 | Gideon uses a question to emphasize that he does not think he can rescue the Israelites. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly rescue the Israelites!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 417 | 6:15 | gpv8 | See, my family | 0 | Alternate translation: “Look at my family and me and you will see that it” | ||
| 418 | 6:15 | gp6c | in Manasseh | 0 | Alternate translation: “in the tribe of Manasseh” | ||
| 419 | 6:15 | tw55 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | in my father’s house | 0 | Here “house” represents a family. Alternate translation: “in my father’s family” or “in my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 420 | 6:16 | p1xa | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | I will be with you | 0 | Here “be with you” is an idiom that means Yahweh will help and bless Gideon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 421 | 6:16 | fhe8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | as one man | 0 | You can state the full meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “as easily as if you were fighting only one man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 422 | 6:18 | ngy5 | set it before you | 0 | Alternate translation: “place it in front of you” | ||
| 423 | 6:19 | kmz6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume | from an ephah of flour | 0 | If it is necessary to use a modern measurement; here is one way of doing it. Alternate translation: “with 22 liters of flour” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]]) | |
| 424 | 6:19 | c4pf | broth | 0 | water that has had food, such as meat, cooked in it | ||
| 425 | 6:19 | r55k | them to him | 0 | Alternate translation: “them to the angel of God” | ||
| 426 | 6:20 | u9cs | angel of God | 0 | This is the same as the angel of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “God, who was in the form of an angel” or “God” | ||
| 427 | 6:21 | ggc2 | angel of Yahweh | 0 | In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 428 | 6:21 | x8t9 | went away | 0 | Alternate translation: “disappeared” | ||
| 429 | 6:22 | x6iw | angel of Yahweh | 0 | In 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 430 | 6:22 | l2pp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations | Ah, Lord Yahweh! | 0 | The word “Ah” here shows that Gideon was very frightened. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]]) | |
| 431 | 6:22 | c1kt | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | seen the angel of Yahweh face to face | 0 | This phrase refers to two people being close to each other. Alternate translation: “really seen the angel of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 432 | 6:23 | b3ha | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Yahweh said to him | 0 | Apparently Yahweh spoke to Gideon from heaven. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 433 | 6:24 | s81y | To this day | 0 | This means to the time when the book of Judges was written. | ||
| 434 | 6:24 | y4ya | Ophrah | 0 | Translate the name of this town as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 435 | 6:24 | w4kn | the clan of Abiezer | 0 | Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 436 | 6:25 | h71y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal | a second bull | 0 | The word “second” is the ordinal number for “two.” Alternate translation: “another bull” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) | |
| 437 | 6:25 | n1rh | that is beside it | 0 | Alternate translation: “that is beside the altar of Baal” | ||
| 438 | 6:26 | tj4p | on the top of this place of refuge | 0 | The city of Ophrah was on top of a hill. Israelites fled there for refuge from the Midianites. | ||
| 439 | 6:26 | gvr9 | construct it the correct way | 0 | Alternate translation: “place the stones in an orderly manner” or “and build it properly” | ||
| 440 | 6:27 | xp8k | did as Yahweh had told him | 0 | This refers to Yahweh’s command in [Judges 6:25-26](./25.md). | ||
| 441 | 6:28 | mii1 | got up | 0 | Alternate translation: “got up out of bed” or “woke up” | ||
| 442 | 6:28 | i5zb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | the altar of Baal was broken down, and the Asherah that was beside it was cut down, and the second bull had been offered on the altar that had been built | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they noticed that someone had broken down the altar of Baal, cut down the Asherah that was beside it, and built an altar and sacrificed the second bull on it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 443 | 6:30 | r7h5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | he may be put to death | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “we may kill him as punishment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 444 | 6:31 | jw4v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Will you plead the case for Baal? | 0 | Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to defend a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to defend Baal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 445 | 6:31 | xk3a | plead the case | 0 | Alternate translation: “make a defense” or “give an excuse” | ||
| 446 | 6:31 | n471 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Will you save him? | 0 | Joash uses a question to emphasize that a human should not have to rescue a god. Alternate translation: “You should not have to save Baal.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 447 | 6:32 | j4wk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 448 | 6:32 | q44c | because he said | 0 | Alternate translation: “because Joash said” | ||
| 449 | 6:33 | ual5 | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story. | ||
| 450 | 6:33 | eu5d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | gathered together | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “gathered together as an army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 451 | 6:34 | d9eb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | came over Gideon | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “took control of Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 452 | 6:34 | sz1y | clan of Abiezer | 0 | Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 453 | 6:34 | zxl8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | so they might follow him | 0 | The words “to battle” are understood. Alternate translation: “so they might follow him to battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 454 | 6:35 | sy9t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | and they too, were called out to follow him | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “calling them out to follow him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 455 | 6:35 | qb25 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | to Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali | 0 | These all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate translation: “to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 456 | 6:37 | uf1b | woolen fleece | 0 | the woolly coat of a sheep | ||
| 457 | 6:37 | qz5z | dew | 0 | water that forms on plants during the night | ||
| 458 | 6:37 | s8ri | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | then I will know that you will | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “this will be a sign from you, and then I will know that you will” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 459 | 6:38 | cs87 | Gideon rose | 0 | Alternate translation: “Gideon got out of bed” | ||
| 460 | 6:38 | ub6l | wrung | 0 | twist and squeeze something to remove water | ||
| 461 | 7:intro | q545 | 0 | # Judges 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Gideon continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God gets all of the credit\n\nGod said, “There are too many soldiers for me to give you victory over the Midianites. Make sure that Israel will not boast against me, saying, ‘Our own power has saved us.’” By lowering the number of fighting soldiers, it emphasizes that the victory is achieved through God’s power. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]]) | |||
| 462 | 7:1 | u963 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 463 | 7:1 | se4n | they encamped | 0 | Alternate translation: “they set up their camp” | ||
| 464 | 7:1 | q9lu | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | spring of Harod … hill of Moreh | 0 | These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 465 | 7:1 | w8xb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The camp of Midian was to their north | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. Alternate translation: “The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 466 | 7:2 | ja78 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | for me to give you victory over the Midianites | 0 | The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “for me to allow you to defeat the Midianites” or “for me to cause you to be victorious over the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 467 | 7:2 | ww36 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Our own power has saved us | 0 | Here “power” represents the people themselves. Alternate translation: “We have saved ourselves without God’s help” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 468 | 7:3 | i31q | Now | 0 | This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. | ||
| 469 | 7:3 | ahw6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | proclaim in the ears of the people | 0 | Here “the ears” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “proclaim to the people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 470 | 7:3 | gt6x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | Whoever is afraid, whoever trembles | 0 | Both of these phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 471 | 7:3 | h7mv | trembles | 0 | This word describes fear that causes a person to uncontrollably shake. Alternate translation: “shakes with fear” | ||
| 472 | 7:3 | m53a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | let him return | 0 | You can make explicit where he will go. Alternate translation: “let him return to his home” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 473 | 7:3 | iup9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Gilead | 0 | This is the name of a mountain in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 474 | 7:3 | s1sd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-two thousand | 0 | “22,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 475 | 7:3 | wn6f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | ten thousand remained | 0 | The word “people” or “men” is understood. Alternate translation: “10,000 people remained” or “10,000 men remained” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 476 | 7:3 | z1zr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | ten thousand | 0 | “10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 477 | 7:4 | t9yd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | I will make their number smaller for you there | 0 | Here “number” represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 478 | 7:5 | iem1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go | Gideon brought | 0 | The word “brought” can be translated as “took” or “led.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go]]) | |
| 479 | 7:5 | w69s | laps | 0 | to drink by licking with the tongue | ||
| 480 | 7:6 | ae7k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | Three hundred men | 0 | “300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 481 | 7:7 | e8uv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three hundred men | 0 | “300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 482 | 7:7 | gk97 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | I will rescue you and give you victory | 0 | Here “you” is plural and refers to Gideon and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) | |
| 483 | 7:8 | j7gy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | So those who were chosen | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “So those whom Yahweh chose” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 484 | 7:8 | u2nh | took their supplies and their trumpets | 0 | Here “their” refers to the Israelite soldiers who were leaving the army. | ||
| 485 | 7:8 | cx8b | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story. | ||
| 486 | 7:9 | u84q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Attack the camp, for I am going to give you victory over it | 0 | Here “camp” refers to the whole Midianite army. The word “victory” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate translation: “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them” or “Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 487 | 7:10 | xqh7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | afraid to go down | 0 | You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “afraid to go down to attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 488 | 7:10 | u4w3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Purah | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 489 | 7:11 | j99j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | your courage will be strengthened | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what you hear will be encourage you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 490 | 7:11 | wv5r | guard posts | 0 | places around the edge of an area where soldiers stand to watch for an enemy army | ||
| 491 | 7:12 | r5ww | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | as thick as a cloud of locusts | 0 | Here “cloud” means a swarm. The author speaks of the army as if it were a swarm of locusts to emphasize how many soldiers there were. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 492 | 7:12 | zt6s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | Their camels were more … in number than the grains of the sand on the seashore | 0 | The author uses a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that there were very many camels. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 493 | 7:12 | d37k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Their camels were more than could be counted | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Their camels were more than anyone could count” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 494 | 7:14 | yg52 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | This is nothing other than the sword of Gideon | 0 | Here “the sword of Gideon” refers to Gideon’s army attacking. Alternate translation: “The loaf of barley bread in your dream must be the army of Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 495 | 7:14 | v4e2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture | God has given him victory over Midian | 0 | This future event is spoken of as if it were a past event. This emphasizes that it will certainly happen. Alternate translation: “God will certainly help the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]]) | |
| 496 | 7:16 | xjf2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three hundred men | 0 | “300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 497 | 7:18 | rj9w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | For Yahweh and for Gideon! | 0 | The words “we fight” are implied. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 498 | 7:19 | cxa7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | hundred men | 0 | “100 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 499 | 7:19 | wba7 | right at the beginning of the middle watch | 0 | The beginning of the middle watch would be around 10 o’clock at night. | ||
| 500 | 7:20 | zfw1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | The sword of Yahweh and of Gideon | 0 | Here “sword” refers to their fighting. Alternate translation: “We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 501 | 7:22 | nw1r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three hundred trumpets | 0 | “300 trumpets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 502 | 7:22 | nk36 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Yahweh set every Midianite man’s sword against his comrades | 0 | Here “sword” refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused every Midianite man to fight against his fellow soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 503 | 7:22 | rv5b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Shittah … Zererah … Abel Meholah … Tabbath | 0 | These are the names of towns and cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 504 | 7:23 | u5e9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | The men of Israel from Naphtali, Asher, and all Manasseh were called out | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Gideon called out the Israelites from the tribes of Naphtali, Asher, and all Mannasseh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 505 | 7:24 | js9y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Barah | 0 | This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 506 | 7:24 | u7ze | took control of the waters, as far as Beth Barah and the Jordan River | 0 | Alternate translation: “took control of the area of the Jordan River as far south as Beth Barah” | ||
| 507 | 7:25 | hn84 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | at the rock of Oreb … at the winepress of Zeeb | 0 | The places were given these names after the Israelites killed Oreb and Zeeb there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 508 | 7:25 | rvj8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Oreb … Zeeb | 0 | These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 509 | 8:intro | zh95 | 0 | # Judges 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Gideon concludes in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Succoth’s refusal to help Gideon\nThe men of Succoth feared the Midianites more than Gideon. This is why they refused to help Gideon. By allying themselves with the Midianites, they aligned themselves against Yahweh. Because of this, Gideon treated them like he treated the Midianites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Gideon refuses to be king\n\nGideon said to them, “I will not rule over you, neither will my son rule over you. Yahweh will rule over you.” Although the book of Deuteronomy anticipates a king in Israel, it was sinful for Israel to desire to have a king. He did though take a share of everyone’s plunder as a king would have done through taxes. This may serve as a warning to Israel about their desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) | |||
| 510 | 8:1 | sea3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What is this you have done to us? | 0 | The people of the tribe of Ephraim were rebuking Gideon with this rhetorical question for not including them in his army. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not treated us fairly.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 511 | 8:1 | f8fy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | against Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the Midianite army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 512 | 8:1 | whc1 | they had a violent argument with him | 0 | they argued angrily with him” or “they rebuked him severely” | ||
| 513 | 8:2 | xg1a | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nGideon replies to the men from Ephraim. | ||
| 514 | 8:2 | wpi2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What have I done now compared to you? | 0 | Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “I have done very little compared with what you have done!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 515 | 8:2 | xg8b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are not the gleanings of Ephraim’s grapes better than the full grape harvest of Abiezer? | 0 | Gideon was calming the people of Ephraim with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “Certainly the grapes you people of Ephraim gleaned are better than what we the descendants of Abiezer gathered from the whole harvest!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 516 | 8:2 | i6yr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are not the gleanings of Ephraim’s grapes better than the full grape harvest of Abiezer? | 0 | Gideon and his army defeating the Medianites is spoken of as if it were a grape harvest. The people of Ephraim killing Oreb and Zeeb at the end of the battle is spoken of as if they were gleaning grapes at the end of the harvest. Alternate translation: “What you people of Ephraim did at the end of the battle is more important than what we descendants of Abiezer did at the beginning.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 517 | 8:2 | rr59 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Abiezer | 0 | This is the name of one of Gideon’s ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer’s descendants and their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 518 | 8:3 | x1xa | Oreb and Zeeb | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 7:25](../07/25.md). | ||
| 519 | 8:3 | bi55 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What have I accomplished compared to you? | 0 | Gideon uses this question to honor the people of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have done is more important than what I have done.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 520 | 8:3 | riv2 | died down | 0 | Alternate translation: “became less” | ||
| 521 | 8:4 | f6yp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | the three hundred men | 0 | “the 300 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 522 | 8:4 | s9yv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | kept up the pursuit | 0 | The word “pursuit,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “continued to chase their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 523 | 8:5 | zt2q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 524 | 8:6 | l71p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in your hand? | 0 | The leaders use a question to emphasize that the Israelites have not yet captured Zebah and Zalumnna. Alternate translation: “You have not captured Zebah and Zalmunna yet.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 525 | 8:6 | aw3g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | Here “hands” refer to the whole body. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 526 | 8:6 | bn4x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | now in your hand | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 527 | 8:6 | k3em | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why should we give bread to your army? | 0 | The leaders use a question to emphasize that they have no reason to give bread to the Israelites. Alternate translation: “We see no reason to give bread to your army.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 528 | 8:7 | gwp6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | I will tear your skin with the desert thorns and briers | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will make whips out of desert thorns and briers and use them to beat you and cut you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 529 | 8:7 | j77m | thorns and briers | 0 | sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals | ||
| 530 | 8:8 | bi3x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | He went up from there | 0 | Here “He” refers to Gideon. Gideon represents himself and the soldiers following him. Alternate translation: “They left there” or “Gideon and his 300 men left there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 531 | 8:8 | ikw7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Peniel | 0 | The name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 532 | 8:8 | ak91 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | spoke to the people there in the same way | 0 | You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “asked for food there in the same way” or “he also asked them for food” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 533 | 8:9 | y4qf | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | When I come again in peace | 0 | This is a polite way of referring to the defeat of his enemies. Alternate translation: “After I have completely defeated the Midian army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 534 | 8:9 | nth4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | I will pull down this tower | 0 | Here “I” refers to Gideon and represents himself and his men. Alternate translation: “My men and I will pull down this tower” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 535 | 8:10 | nfu6 | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story. | ||
| 536 | 8:10 | tli8 | Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). | ||
| 537 | 8:10 | vw38 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Karkor | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 538 | 8:10 | bh2j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | fifteen thousand men | 0 | “15,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 539 | 8:10 | p2iw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | had fallen | 0 | This is a polite way of referring to people who died in battle. Alternate translation: “had been killed” or “had died in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 540 | 8:10 | j3dk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 120,000 men | 0 | “one hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 541 | 8:10 | mz6t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | men who drew the sword | 0 | Here drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. This could mean: (1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate translation: “swordsmen” or “men who fought with swords” or (2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate translation: “soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 542 | 8:11 | t81p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Gideon went up | 0 | Here “Gideon” represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers went up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 543 | 8:11 | y551 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | He defeated | 0 | Here “He” refers to Gideon and represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers defeated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 544 | 8:11 | jbu9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Nobah and Jogbehah | 0 | These are names of towns. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 545 | 8:12 | dmu9 | Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). | ||
| 546 | 8:12 | if5y | panic | 0 | extreme fear or worry that makes someone unable to think or act normally | ||
| 547 | 8:13 | w2l7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | the pass of Heres | 0 | This is the name of a road that passes between two mountains. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 548 | 8:14 | a6z2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | questioned him | 0 | It can be stated explicitly what Gideon asked the young man. Alternate translation: “he asked him to identify all the names of the leaders in the town” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 549 | 8:14 | l2rr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy-seven officials | 0 | “77 officials” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 550 | 8:15 | buj3 | Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). | ||
| 551 | 8:15 | bnf8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Have you already conquered Zebah and Zalmunna? | 0 | Gideon quotes the people of Succoth as using a question to mock him. Alternate translation: “You have not yet conquered Zebah and Zalmunna.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 552 | 8:16 | ct8g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Gideon took … he punished | 0 | Here “Gideon” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers took … they punished” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 553 | 8:16 | vr3e | thorns and briers | 0 | These are sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals. See how you translated this in [Judges 8:7](../08/07.md). | ||
| 554 | 8:17 | dbh6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | he pulled | 0 | Gideon and his soldiers pulled. Alternate translation: “Gideon and his soldiers pulled” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 555 | 8:17 | jg81 | Peniel | 0 | Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 8:8](../08/08.md). | ||
| 556 | 8:18 | lav2 | Zebah and Zalmunna | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md). | ||
| 557 | 8:18 | gw8k | Tabor | 0 | Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md). | ||
| 558 | 8:18 | q1pd | As you are, so were they | 0 | Alternate translation: “They were just like you” | ||
| 559 | 8:19 | jb1y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | As Yahweh lives | 0 | This idiom is a religious oath used for emphasis that what he is about to say is true. Alternate translation: “I promise you that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 560 | 8:20 | xg9f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jether | 0 | This is the name of Gideon’s son. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 561 | 8:21 | p21p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | For as the man is, so is his strength | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “It is a job for a man to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 562 | 8:21 | lzn1 | crescent | 0 | This is a curved shape with two points. This shape occurs when the moon is mostly covered in shadow. | ||
| 563 | 8:21 | eu98 | ornaments | 0 | decorations | ||
| 564 | 8:22 | n3hy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | out of the hand of Midian | 0 | Here “hand” represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate translation: “from the power of Midian” or “from Midian” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 565 | 8:22 | zz2f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | of Midian | 0 | Here “Midian” represents the people of Midian. Alternate translation: “of the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 566 | 8:24 | va81 | Gideon said to them | 0 | Alternate translation: “Gideon said to the men of Israel” | ||
| 567 | 8:24 | qb9s | earrings | 0 | jewelry worn on the ear | ||
| 568 | 8:24 | e5zj | plunder | 0 | things stolen by force or taken off of people killed in war | ||
| 569 | 8:24 | c2b3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | The Midianites had golden earrings because they were Ishmaelites | 0 | Here the narrator tells background information about the Midianites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 570 | 8:25 | ark2 | cloak | 0 | clothing made from a large piece of fabric and worn over the shoulders as a coat | ||
| 571 | 8:26 | z8qb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 1,700 shekels of gold | 0 | “one thousand seven hundred shekels of gold.” If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “18.7 kilograms of gold” or “about 20 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]]) | |
| 572 | 8:26 | w5mz | crescent ornaments | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 8:21](../08/21.md). | ||
| 573 | 8:26 | rc47 | pendants | 0 | pieces of jewelry that hang at the end of the chains or cords of necklaces | ||
| 574 | 8:26 | z7ld | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | that was worn by the kings of Midian | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the kings of Midian wore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 575 | 8:27 | awh9 | Gideon made an ephod out of the earrings | 0 | Alternate translation: “Gideon used the gold from the earrings to make an ephod” | ||
| 576 | 8:27 | tir6 | Ophrah | 0 | Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 577 | 8:27 | tyw2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | all Israel prostituted themselves by worshiping it there | 0 | This speaks of worshiping a false god as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “the Israelites sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the ephod there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 578 | 8:27 | j6ye | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | all Israel | 0 | Here “all” is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many worshiped the garment. Alternate translation: “very many people in Israel worshiped the garment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 579 | 8:27 | bbx3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | It became a trap for Gideon and for those in his house | 0 | This speaks of Gideon and his family being tempted to worship the ephod as if the ephod were a hunter’s snare that would trap them. Alternate translation: “It became a temptation for Gideon and his family” or “Gideon and his family sinned by worshiping it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 580 | 8:27 | i29y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | for those in his house | 0 | Here “his house” represents Gideon’s family. Alternate translation: “for his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 581 | 8:28 | wui8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | So Midian was subdued before the people of Israel | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “So Yahweh subdued the Midianites before the people of Israel” or “So Yahweh helped the Israelites defeat the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 582 | 8:28 | u2ar | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | they did not raise their heads up again | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they did not attack Israel again” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 583 | 8:28 | un4l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | So the land had peace | 0 | Here “land” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites lived peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 584 | 8:28 | mw8q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | forty years | 0 | “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 585 | 8:28 | z3zj | in the days of Gideon | 0 | Alternate translation: “during the life of Gideon” | ||
| 586 | 8:29 | z3sb | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 587 | 8:30 | m14n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy sons | 0 | “70 sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 588 | 8:32 | i3jl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | a good old age | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “when he was very old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 589 | 8:32 | w8yg | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | was buried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 590 | 8:32 | aen4 | Ophrah | 0 | Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 591 | 8:32 | pc1f | the clan of Abiezer | 0 | Translate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 592 | 8:33 | be44 | It came about | 0 | This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. | ||
| 593 | 8:33 | l1r2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | turned again | 0 | The people rejecting Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically turned away from him. Alternate translation: “they stopped worshiping Yahwheh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 594 | 8:33 | gh13 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | prostituted themselves by worshiping the Baals | 0 | This speaks of worshiping false gods as if it were prostitution. Alternate translation: “they sinned against Yahweh by worshiping the Baals” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 595 | 8:33 | ce8s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Baal-Berith | 0 | This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 596 | 8:34 | k1h5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from the hand of all their enemies | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of all their enemies” or “from all their enemies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 597 | 8:34 | lqk5 | on every side | 0 | Alternate translation: “who surrounded them” | ||
| 598 | 8:35 | svf8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the house of Jerub Baal | 0 | Here “the house of” represents a person’s family. Alternate translation: “the family of Jerub Baal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 599 | 8:35 | w3k3 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 600 | 9:intro | zl19 | 0 | # Judges 9 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Jotham’s curse\n\nGideon’s son, Abimelech, killed all of his brothers except Jotham in order to become king of Shechem. Jotham cursed Abimelech for having murdered Gideon’s other sons. “Let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem and the house of Millo. Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Tree metaphor\n\nThis chapter contains an extended metaphor about trees. This metaphor functions as a parable instructing Israel about their sinful desire to have a king. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]]) | |||
| 601 | 9:1 | cb58 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 602 | 9:2 | gfl5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes | Please say this, so that all the leaders in Shechem may hear, ‘Which is better for you, that all seventy sons of Jerub Baal rule over you, or that just one rule over you?’ | 0 | This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Please ask the leaders of Shechem if they would rather have all seventy sons of Jerub Baal rule over them, or if they would rather have just one of his sons rule over them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) | |
| 603 | 9:2 | lpf2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 604 | 9:2 | e38y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | I am your bone and your flesh | 0 | Here “your bone and your flesh” represents being someone’s relative. Alternate translation: “I am a member of your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 605 | 9:3 | ie29 | His mother’s relatives spoke for him to the leaders | 0 | This means that the relatives of the mother of Abimelech spoke to the leaders, suggesting that they make Abimelech their king. | ||
| 606 | 9:3 | ubh9 | they agreed to follow Abimelech | 0 | Alternate translation: “they agreed to let Abimelech be their leader” | ||
| 607 | 9:4 | yf44 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the house | 0 | Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 608 | 9:4 | yf3w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney | seventy pieces of silver | 0 | This means seventy shekels of silver. A shekel weighs 11 grams. If it is necessary to translate this with modern measurements, you can translate it like this. Alternate translation: “almost one kilo of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]]) | |
| 609 | 9:4 | v8x5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 610 | 9:4 | g7i4 | Baal-Berith | 0 | This is the name of a false god. See how you translated it in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md). | ||
| 611 | 9:4 | mi77 | worthless and reckless | 0 | Alternate translation: “violent and foolish” | ||
| 612 | 9:5 | c56j | Ophrah | 0 | Translate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md). | ||
| 613 | 9:5 | jer7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | one stone | 0 | “1 stone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 614 | 9:5 | gnp3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 615 | 9:5 | ilv2 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 616 | 9:6 | up6d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Millo | 0 | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 617 | 9:7 | d3ws | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJotham begins telling a parable in which the trees try to find someone to rule them. The trees represent the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]]) | |
| 618 | 9:7 | ksz5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | When Jotham was told about this | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When Jotham heard that Abimelech had murdered his brothers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 619 | 9:7 | z9vx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Gerizim | 0 | This is a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 620 | 9:8 | p19p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables | The trees once went out to anoint a king over them. For they said to the olive tree, ‘Reign over us.’ | 0 | In this parable Jotham describes the trees doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 621 | 9:8 | x1ky | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | to anoint a king over them | 0 | Here, to anoint with oil is a symbolic action that represents appointing a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint a king to rule over all of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 622 | 9:8 | ai6t | Reign over us | 0 | Alternate translation: “Be our king” | ||
| 623 | 9:9 | q6h3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Should I give up my abundance … over the other trees? | 0 | The olive tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my abundance … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 624 | 9:9 | v5cc | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | abundance | 0 | This word for “wealth” is a metonym for the olives that come from the tree. People ate olives as food and crushed them to make oil for lamps. Alternate translation: “oil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 625 | 9:9 | b42t | by which gods and men are honored | 0 | This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “by which people honor both gods and other men” | ||
| 626 | 9:9 | ctc8 | gods | 0 | It is possible to translate the same Hebrew word as “god,” “God,” or “gods,” so this could mean: (1) “gods” or (2) “God.” | ||
| 627 | 9:9 | a9cy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | sway over | 0 | To sway is to move back and forth. Trees sway when the wind blows them. Here this is a metaphor for ruling over people. Jotham is also using irony, saying that the work of any ruler will be useless because the “trees,” the people, will not obey anyone who rules them. Alternate translation: “rule over” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]]) | |
| 628 | 9:11 | df3r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables | the fig tree said to them | 0 | Jotham continues describing the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 629 | 9:11 | bi3f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Should I give up my sweetness … over the other trees? | 0 | The fig tree is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my sweetness … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 630 | 9:11 | jkz5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | my sweetness and my good fruit | 0 | The word “sweetness” is an abstract noun. It can be stated as an adjective that describes the fruit that grows on the tree. Alternate translation: “my good sweet fruit” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 631 | 9:12 | m2h3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables | The trees said to the vine | 0 | In this parable, Jotham describes the trees and the vine as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 632 | 9:13 | i2y3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Should I give up my new wine … over the other trees? | 0 | The vine is asking this question to refuse to be king. This question can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will not give up my new wine … over the other trees.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 633 | 9:14 | mp3a | thornbush | 0 | Thorns are sharp spikes or spurs that hurt. This bush has many sharp spikes along its branches. | ||
| 634 | 9:15 | g1p2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables | The thornbush said to the trees | 0 | In this parable, Jotham describes the thornbush and the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 635 | 9:15 | zea8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | to anoint me as king over you | 0 | To anoint someone with oil is a symbolic action that appoints a person to be king. Alternate translation: “to appoint me as your king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 636 | 9:15 | cm8a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | find safety | 0 | The word “safety” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “be safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 637 | 9:15 | hvs5 | fire come out of the thornbush and let it burn up the cedars of Lebanon | 0 | This means to let the thornbush burn so that it will burn the cedars. | ||
| 638 | 9:15 | xn44 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person | then let fire come out of the thornbush | 0 | The thornbush refers to itself as “the thornbush.” Alternate translation: “then may fire come out from me, the thornbush” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) | |
| 639 | 9:16 | ayq2 | Now | 0 | This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. | ||
| 640 | 9:16 | y7g3 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 641 | 9:16 | nu7n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | his house | 0 | Here “house” represents Gideon’s family. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 642 | 9:17 | x8ae | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJotham makes the application to the situation at that time and place. | ||
| 643 | 9:17 | fpm7 | to think that my father fought for you … out of the hand of Midian | 0 | Here Jotham is expressing that he cannot believe how badly the people of Shechem have treated Gideon and his family even after Gideon fought to save the people of Shechem. | ||
| 644 | 9:17 | kqc3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | out of the hand of Midian | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “from the power of the Midianites” or “from the Midianites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 645 | 9:18 | cr5w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | you have risen up against | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you have opposed” or “you have rebelled against” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 646 | 9:18 | i5zw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | my father’s house | 0 | Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “my father’s family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 647 | 9:18 | yy47 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 648 | 9:18 | ym97 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | one stone | 0 | “1 stone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 649 | 9:18 | c154 | his female servant | 0 | Here “his” refers to Gideon. | ||
| 650 | 9:19 | cwl5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo | If you acted with honesty and integrity with Jerub Baal and his house | 0 | Jotham offered the possibility that what they did was good, but Jotham does not actually believe what they did was good. Alternate translation: “If you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they deserved to be treated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) | |
| 651 | 9:19 | re1x | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. It means “let Baal defend himself.” See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 652 | 9:19 | r5ce | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | his house | 0 | Here “house” refers to family. Alternate translation: “his family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 653 | 9:20 | rv9v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo | But if not | 0 | Jotham offered the opposite possibility that what they did was evil and applied a curse. Jotham does believe what they did was evil. Alternate translation: “But if you treated Jerub Baal and his family as they did not deserve to be treated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]]) | |
| 654 | 9:20 | g8i6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of Shechem | 0 | Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of Abimelech destroying the people of Shechem as if he would burn them with fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 655 | 9:20 | ibq3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up Abimelech | 0 | Jotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of the people of Shechem and Beth Millo destroying Abimelech as if they would burn him with fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 656 | 9:20 | iey1 | Beth Millo | 0 | This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:6](../09/06.md). | ||
| 657 | 9:21 | pan4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beer | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 658 | 9:23 | bv9r | God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem | 0 | This means that God applied the curse Jotham made by sending an evil spirit to cause trouble and animosity between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem. | ||
| 659 | 9:24 | xf1e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | God did this so the violence done … helped him murder his brothers | 0 | The passive phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did this to avenge the seventy sons whom Abimelech their brother murdered and the men of Shechem helped murder” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 660 | 9:24 | cb41 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 661 | 9:24 | b1g1 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 662 | 9:25 | b7tx | positioned men to lie in wait on the hilltops that they might ambush him | 0 | Alternate translation: “sent men to hide on the hilltops and wait to attack Abimelech” | ||
| 663 | 9:25 | pd3x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | This was reported to Abimelech | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech about the men waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 664 | 9:26 | r2ue | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Gaal … Ebed | 0 | These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 665 | 9:26 | mv9b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | had confidence in him | 0 | The word “confidence” is an abstract noun that can be stated with the verb “trust.” Alternate translation: “trusted him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 666 | 9:27 | i6sf | They went out into the field | 0 | Here “They” refers to Gaal and his relatives and the men of Shechem. | ||
| 667 | 9:27 | r8w9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | they trampled on them | 0 | They did this to squeeze out the grape juice to make wine with it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 668 | 9:27 | c3x3 | trampled | 0 | Alternate translation: “crushed” or “stomped” | ||
| 669 | 9:27 | d9l2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | in the house | 0 | Here “house” represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 670 | 9:28 | yyy5 | Gaal … Ebed | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 671 | 9:28 | w9hj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? | 0 | Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 672 | 9:28 | dfp7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? | 0 | Both of these questions means the same thing. Gaal refers to Abimelech as “Shechem” because Abimelech’s mother was from Shechem. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech, that is, Shechem!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 673 | 9:28 | a6ws | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Is he not the son of Jerub Baal? Is Zebul not his officer? | 0 | Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “He is just the son of Jerub Baal, and Zebul is just his officer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 674 | 9:28 | p2s8 | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 675 | 9:28 | b36z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zebul | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 676 | 9:28 | rq5n | Serve the men of Hamor, Shechem’s father | 0 | Gaal means the people of Shechem should serve those who descended from Hamor, that is, those who are truly Canaanites, and not serve someone whose father was an Israelite. | ||
| 677 | 9:28 | ju72 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why should we serve Abimelech? | 0 | Gaal uses a question to emphasize that the people of Shechem should not serve Abimelech. Alternate translation: “We should not serve Abimelech!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 678 | 9:29 | v1e2 | I wish that this people were under my command | 0 | Alternate translation: “I wish that I ruled the people of Shechem” | ||
| 679 | 9:30 | qj5l | Zebul | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md). | ||
| 680 | 9:30 | a53k | heard the words of Gaal son of Ebed | 0 | Alternate translation: “heard what Gaal son of Ebed said” | ||
| 681 | 9:30 | p2rs | Gaal … Ebed | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 682 | 9:30 | u13b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | his anger was kindled | 0 | Becoming angry is spoken of as if a fire were starting. Alternate translation: “he became very angry” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 683 | 9:30 | lx8u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the city | 0 | Here “city” represents the people of the city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 684 | 9:31 | u898 | in order to deceive | 0 | Zebul is deceiving Gaal and the people of Shechem. Alternate translation: “secretly” | ||
| 685 | 9:31 | gvg1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | they are stirring up the city against you | 0 | This speaks of the people of the city becoming upset as if they were liquid in a pot moving around. Alternate translation: “they are persuading the people of the city to rebel against you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 686 | 9:32 | yn4z | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nZebul’s messengers continue talking to Abimelech. | ||
| 687 | 9:32 | j18v | Now | 0 | This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. | ||
| 688 | 9:32 | mrh8 | an ambush | 0 | Alternate translation: “to hide and attack them suddenly” | ||
| 689 | 9:33 | k1f3 | do whatever you can to them | 0 | This means that they can do what they want to destroy the followers of Gaal. | ||
| 690 | 9:34 | be8t | all the men who were with him | 0 | Alternate translation: “all the men accompanying Abimelech” or “all the men fighting for Abimelech” | ||
| 691 | 9:34 | b14p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | dividing into four units | 0 | “separating into 4 groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 692 | 9:35 | q22c | Gaal … Ebed | 0 | See how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 693 | 9:36 | v8bb | Gaal | 0 | This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 694 | 9:36 | vu4i | Zebul | 0 | This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md). | ||
| 695 | 9:36 | gz9v | You are seeing the shadows on the hills like they are men | 0 | Zebul is trying to confuse Gaal and keep him from preparing for battle. Alternate translation: “That is not people, it is only shadows on the hills” | ||
| 696 | 9:37 | kmf8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | one unit | 0 | “1 group” or “1 troop” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 697 | 9:38 | tqh1 | Zebul | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md). | ||
| 698 | 9:38 | qap7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Where are your proud words now, you | 0 | Zebul is scolding Gaal with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: “You are not speaking proudly now, you” or “You are not proud now, you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 699 | 9:38 | fub2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | you who said, ‘Who is Abimelech that we should serve him?’ | 0 | Zebul is quoting Gaal’s boast back to Gaal. This can be translated as a statement and as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “you who said that we should not serve Abimelech.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]]) | |
| 700 | 9:38 | qdj1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are these not the men you despised? | 0 | Zebul is challenging Gaal with this rhetorical question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Here are the men that you despised.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 701 | 9:38 | u392 | despised | 0 | strongly disliked or hated | ||
| 702 | 9:39 | h55i | Gaal | 0 | See how you translated this name in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 703 | 9:40 | p7lv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Many fell with deadly wounds | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “And many men died of wounds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 704 | 9:41 | y21z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Arumah | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 705 | 9:41 | q5ep | Zebul | 0 | This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md). | ||
| 706 | 9:41 | f6ud | Gaal | 0 | This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md). | ||
| 707 | 9:42 | em2h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | this was reported to Abimelech | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone reported this to Abimelech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 708 | 9:43 | rm73 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | divided them into three units | 0 | “separated them into 3 groups” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 709 | 9:43 | e8ph | they set an ambush in the fields | 0 | Alternate translation: “they hid in the fields to attack the people by surprise” | ||
| 710 | 9:43 | l12e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | he attacked | 0 | Here “he” refers to Abimelech who represents himself and all of his soldiers. Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 711 | 9:44 | h6g9 | the units | 0 | Alternate translation: “the groups of soldiers” | ||
| 712 | 9:44 | a246 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | other two | 0 | “other 2” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 713 | 9:45 | e7uy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Abimelech fought … He tore down | 0 | Here “Abimelech” represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Abimelech and his soldiers fought … They tore down” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 714 | 9:45 | ch7p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | against the city | 0 | Here “city” represents the people. Alternate translation: “against the people of Shechem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 715 | 9:45 | zi77 | tore down | 0 | Alternate translation: “demolished” | ||
| 716 | 9:45 | t928 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | spread salt over it | 0 | “spread salt over the land.” Spreading salt over land keeps anything from growing there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 717 | 9:46 | lty1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the house | 0 | Here this represents a temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 718 | 9:46 | kw6q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | El-Berith | 0 | The word “El” means “god.” This is the same false god as “Baal-Berith” in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 719 | 9:47 | hnv1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Abimelech was told | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told Abimelech” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 720 | 9:48 | h1s8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mount Zalmon | 0 | This is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 721 | 9:49 | thc7 | piled | 0 | This means to stack the branches into a large heap. | ||
| 722 | 9:49 | f9xs | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | about a thousand men | 0 | “about 1,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 723 | 9:50 | jh8f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Thebez | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 724 | 9:50 | nyj8 | encamped against Thebez | 0 | Alternate translation: “camped outside the city of Thebez” | ||
| 725 | 9:52 | jgq2 | fought against it | 0 | Alternate translation: “attacked it” | ||
| 726 | 9:53 | z9j6 | upper millstone | 0 | Two large, flat, round stones were used to grind grain in a mill. An upper millstone was the top one that was rolled on the lower one to crush the grain in between them. | ||
| 727 | 9:54 | vm49 | armor-bearer | 0 | This is the man who carried the weapons of Abimelech. | ||
| 728 | 9:54 | is1h | pierced him through | 0 | This means the young man put the sword right through the body of Abimelech. | ||
| 729 | 9:56 | h9fb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seventy | 0 | “70” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 730 | 9:57 | fx65 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | made all the evil of the men of Shechem turn back on their own heads | 0 | “Evil turn back on their heads” here is an idiom. Alternate translation: “punished the men of Shechem for all the evil they had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 731 | 9:57 | hua1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | on them came the curse of Jotham son of Jerub Baal | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “the curse of Jotham son of Jerub Baal happened to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 732 | 9:57 | q7dp | Jerub Baal | 0 | This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md). | ||
| 733 | 10:intro | zqn2 | 0 | # Judges 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the account of Jephthah ([Judges 10-12](./01.md)).\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Israel’s punishment\nIn Judges, Israel’s actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]]) | |||
| 734 | 10:1 | g7ww | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Tola … Puah … Dodo | 0 | These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 735 | 10:1 | ti4g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Shamir | 0 | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 736 | 10:1 | lxh7 | arose to deliver Israel | 0 | Alternate translation: “came to deliver Israel” or “became the leader to deliver Israel” | ||
| 737 | 10:1 | i5f3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | deliver Israel | 0 | Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 738 | 10:2 | m2fd | He judged Israel | 0 | Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel. | ||
| 739 | 10:2 | m93u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-three years | 0 | “23 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 740 | 10:2 | unp5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | was buried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 741 | 10:3 | f3wi | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | He was followed by Jair the Gileadite | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jair the Gileadite was leader after Tola” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 742 | 10:3 | m9uk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jair | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 743 | 10:3 | j6fm | the Gileadite | 0 | Jair was from the tribe of Gilead. | ||
| 744 | 10:3 | fmn8 | He judged Israel | 0 | Here “judged” means he led the people of Israel. | ||
| 745 | 10:3 | d5gs | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Israel | 0 | Here “Israel” represents the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 746 | 10:3 | ezp7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-two years | 0 | “22 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 747 | 10:4 | i1hv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | thirty sons | 0 | “30 sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 748 | 10:4 | vb1y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Havvoth Jair | 0 | This is the name of a region, which is named after a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 749 | 10:4 | h644 | to this day | 0 | This means to the time when the book of Judges was being written. | ||
| 750 | 10:5 | t8ka | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | was buried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 751 | 10:5 | s19j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Kamon | 0 | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 752 | 10:6 | lj2d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | added to the evil they had done in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | This speaks of evil as if it were an object that a person could add to and make bigger. Alternate translation: “continued doing what Yahweh said was evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 753 | 10:6 | ki1z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “according to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 754 | 10:6 | p7j4 | Ashtoreths | 0 | This is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:13](../02/13.md). | ||
| 755 | 10:6 | r515 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | They abandoned Yahweh and no longer worshiped him | 0 | The author basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. These can be combined. Alternate translation: “They completely stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 756 | 10:6 | p6q5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | They abandoned Yahweh | 0 | No longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 757 | 10:7 | zf61 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | Yahweh burned with anger toward Israel | 0 | Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if anger were a burning fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was very angry at Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 758 | 10:7 | f4v2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the Ammonites | 0 | Yahweh allowing the Philistines and the Ammonites to defeat the Israelites is spoken of as if he sold the Israelites to them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 759 | 10:7 | aj5n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | into the hand | 0 | Here “hand” represents power or control. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 760 | 10:8 | psa9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet | crushed and oppressed | 0 | These two words basically mean the same and emphasize how much the Israelites suffered. Alternate translation: “terribly oppressed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) | |
| 761 | 10:8 | q2ml | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | eighteen years | 0 | “18 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 762 | 10:8 | msz6 | who were beyond the Jordan | 0 | This means on the east side of the Jordan River. | ||
| 763 | 10:8 | b5w4 | which is in Gilead | 0 | Alternate translation: “this region is also called Gilead” | ||
| 764 | 10:9 | wq6g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Judah … Benjamin | 0 | “Judah” and “Benjamin” refer to the people belonging to those tribes. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Judah … the people of the tribe of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 765 | 10:9 | nt9c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | house of Ephraim | 0 | The “house” refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate translation: “the people of the tribe of Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 766 | 10:9 | gl3b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | so that Israel was greatly distressed | 0 | “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “so that the people of Israel suffered much” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 767 | 10:10 | lda9 | the people of Israel called out to Yahweh | 0 | This means the people of Israel desperately asked Yahweh for help. | ||
| 768 | 10:10 | b8t5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | because we abandoned our God | 0 | The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 769 | 10:10 | t38a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person | abandoned our God | 0 | The people are speaking to Yahweh and refer to him as “our God.” This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “abandoned you, our God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) | |
| 770 | 10:12 | lf73 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | and also from the Sidonians? | 0 | God is rebuking the people of Israel for their worship of other gods. The rhetorical question that begins with the words “Did I not deliver you” in verse 11 ends here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am the one who delivered you … and also from the Sidonians.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 771 | 10:12 | w39a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Maonites | 0 | These are the people from the clan or family of Maon. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 772 | 10:12 | e4ml | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from their power | 0 | Here “power” represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate translation: “from them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 773 | 10:13 | p759 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | you abandoned me again | 0 | The people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 774 | 10:13 | zdy2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | I will not keep adding to the times I deliver you | 0 | The phrase “keep adding to the times” is an idiom that means to continue to do something. You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Yahweh’s saying. Alternate translation: “I will not keep on delivering you again and again” or “You can be sure that I will stop delivering you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 775 | 10:16 | i2l8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | foreign gods among them | 0 | You can make explicit the implicit meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “foreign gods whose images they possessed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 776 | 10:16 | m6hd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Yahweh could bear Israel’s misery no longer | 0 | Here Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 777 | 10:18 | j3k2 | Who is the man who will begin to fight the Ammonites? | 0 | Alternate translation: “Who will lead our army to fight against the Ammonites?” | ||
| 778 | 11:intro | q7si | 0 | # Judges 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Jephthah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Jephthah the leader\n\nJephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges were called by Yahweh, it is the leaders who called Jephthah to help them, but Yahweh still used Jephthah to help them. | |||
| 779 | 11:1 | yk6s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Gileadite | 0 | This is someone who is from the region of Gilead. It is a coincidence that his father’s name is also Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 780 | 11:2 | r35b | When his wife’s sons grew up | 0 | Alternate translation: “When the sons of Gilead’s wife became adults” | ||
| 781 | 11:3 | aw1r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | the land of Tob | 0 | Tob is the name of a region. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 782 | 11:3 | f5ze | they traveled with him | 0 | Alternate translation: “they followed him” or “they went everywhere together” | ||
| 783 | 11:4 | cn67 | Some days later | 0 | Alternate translation: “Some time later” | ||
| 784 | 11:4 | s6ku | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | made war against Israel | 0 | The phrase “made war” is an idiom which means that they attacked Israel and were at war with them. Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “attacked the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 785 | 11:6 | b37n | that we may fight with | 0 | Alternate translation: “so that we can fight against” | ||
| 786 | 11:7 | f7vj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | my father’s house | 0 | Here “house” refers to people living in the house. Alternate translation: “my family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 787 | 11:8 | ph3x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | That is why we are turning to you now | 0 | The word “that” refers to what Jephthah said about them being in trouble. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “We are turning to you now because we are in trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 788 | 11:8 | uem9 | fight with the people of Ammon | 0 | Alternate translation: “fight against the people of Ammon” | ||
| 789 | 11:11 | hf4c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet | leader and commander | 0 | These two words basically have the same meaning repeated to emphasize how important Jephthah had became. You can combine the two words. Alternate translation: “commander” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) | |
| 790 | 11:11 | v6uq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | When he was before Yahweh in Mizpah, Jephthah repeated all the promises he made | 0 | This is an idiom. Here the phrase “before Yahwheh” means that he repeated his promises as a vow before Yahweh. Alternate translation: “When Jephthah was in Mizpah he repeated all of these promises as a vow before Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 791 | 11:11 | w6mk | all the promises he made | 0 | This refers to the promises he made to the leaders of Gilead about becoming their leader. | ||
| 792 | 11:12 | ybt9 | What is this conflict between us | 0 | “Why is there conflict between us?” Jephthah is asking the king why they are angry with Israel. | ||
| 793 | 11:12 | su7k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Why have you come with force to take our land | 0 | The word “you” refers to the King of Ammon and represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Why have your soldiers come to seize our land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 794 | 11:12 | hwk4 | come with force to take | 0 | Alternate translation: “come to forcefully take” | ||
| 795 | 11:13 | qdz6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Arnon … Jabbok | 0 | These are the names of two rivers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 796 | 11:13 | ps71 | over to the Jordan | 0 | Alternate translation: “on the other side of the Jordan River” | ||
| 797 | 11:13 | tsw4 | in peace | 0 | Alternate translation: “peacefully” or “and do not try to defend them” | ||
| 798 | 11:15 | i4ns | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | he said | 0 | Here the word “he” refers to the messenger who was speaking to the king. This may be written with the word “they” as in the UST, referring to the group of messengers. Alternate translation: “Jephthah told the messengers to say” or “they said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 799 | 11:16 | e7sj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | they came up from Egypt | 0 | Whenever people traveled to the promised land it is referred to as going “up” to the promised land. When the Israelites left Egypt they were on their way to the promised land. Alternate translation: “they left Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 800 | 11:17 | je4p | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJephthah’s messengers continue to speak. | ||
| 801 | 11:17 | tn6f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | When Israel sent messengers | 0 | The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 802 | 11:17 | kl4c | pass through | 0 | Alternate translation: “go through” or “cross” | ||
| 803 | 11:17 | v8aa | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | would not listen | 0 | This phrase is an idiom that means to “refuse.” Alternate translation: “refused” or “denied their request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 804 | 11:17 | q2mz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | They also sent messengers to the king of Moab | 0 | The reason that Israel sent messengers to the king of Moab can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “They also send messengers to the king of Moab with the same request” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 805 | 11:17 | x2ue | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | but he refused | 0 | The king of Moab refused Israel’s request to pass through Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “but he also refused and would not let them pass through the land of Moab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 806 | 11:18 | el82 | Arnon | 0 | This is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md). | ||
| 807 | 11:19 | msq6 | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJephthah’s messengers continue to speak. | ||
| 808 | 11:19 | ur8x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Israel sent messengers to Sihon | 0 | The messengers were sent by the leaders of Israel. Alternate translation: “When the leaders of Israel sent messengers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 809 | 11:19 | j2t5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Sihon | 0 | This is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 810 | 11:19 | pyu6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Heshbon | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 811 | 11:20 | mn9x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jahaz | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 812 | 11:20 | ew16 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | But Sihon did not trust Israel to pass through his territory | 0 | Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his land peacefully. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But Sihon did not trust the people of Israel to pass through his territory peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 813 | 11:20 | d9ga | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | there he fought | 0 | The word “he” refers to Sihon and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “there they fought” or “there his army fought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 814 | 11:21 | sf5x | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJephthah’s messengers continue to speak. | ||
| 815 | 11:21 | fsk6 | Sihon | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md). | ||
| 816 | 11:21 | vp7w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel | 0 | Here “hand” refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate translation: “gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 817 | 11:22 | ce2e | Arnon … Jabbok | 0 | See how you translated the names of these rivers in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md). | ||
| 818 | 11:23 | v22e | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJephthah’s messengers continue to speak. | ||
| 819 | 11:23 | ru3n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | should you now take possession of their land? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with this rhetorical question. The word “their” refers to the Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “therefore, you should not take possession of their land.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 820 | 11:24 | nr59 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Will you not take over the land that Chemosh, your god, gives you? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should only take over the land that Chemosh, your god, gives you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 821 | 11:24 | bcm5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | take over | 0 | This is an idiom which means to take control of something. Alternate translation: “take control of” or “take possession of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 822 | 11:24 | z3zh | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Chemosh | 0 | This is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 823 | 11:25 | wln3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Now are you really better than Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are not better than Balak son of Zippor, who was king of Moab.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 824 | 11:25 | fk7m | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Balak … Zippor | 0 | These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 825 | 11:25 | giw3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Did he dare to have an argument with Israel? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Yet he did not dare to have an argument with Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 826 | 11:25 | k8y5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Did he ever wage war against them? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. This question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: “Nor did he ever wage war against them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 827 | 11:26 | pty2 | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nJephthah’s messengers continue to speak. | ||
| 828 | 11:26 | t5g4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three hundred years | 0 | “300 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 829 | 11:26 | pu9w | Heshbon | 0 | Translate the name of this city the same way that you did in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md). | ||
| 830 | 11:26 | c2xi | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Aroer | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 831 | 11:26 | h61t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | why then did you not take them back during that time? | 0 | Jephthah is rebuking the king of the Ammonites with a rhetorical question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “you should have taken them back during that time.” or “now it is too late; you should have taken them back long ago.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 832 | 11:27 | aei3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | I have not done you wrong, but you are doing me wrong by attacking me | 0 | Jephthah is speaking to the Sihon. Here Jephthah speaks about the Israelites as though they were himself and of the Ammonites as if they were Sihon their king. Alternate translation: “The Israelites have not done wrong to your people, but your people are doing us wrong by attacking us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 833 | 11:27 | n4fk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | done you wrong … doing me wrong | 0 | This is an idiom. To do someone wrong means to do something wrong to them. Alternate translation: “treated you wrongly … treating me wrongly” or “treated you unfairly … treating me unfairly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 834 | 11:29 | p2lw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | the Spirit of Yahweh came on Jephthah | 0 | This is an idiom which means that the Spirit influenced Jephthah’s decisions. Alternate translation: “the Spirit of Yahweh took control of Jephthah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 835 | 11:29 | dq1c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | he passed through Gilead and Manasseh … from Mizpah of Gilead | 0 | Jephthah passed through these places enlisting men for his army to go to war with the people of Ammon. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “he gathered men for his army as he passed through Gilead and Manasseh … from Mizpah of Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 836 | 11:31 | kh4e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | I will offer it up | 0 | This is an idiom which means to give something as an offering. Alternate translation: “I will offer it to you” or “I will sacrifice it to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 837 | 11:32 | wr1n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | So Jephthah passed through … Yahweh gave him victory | 0 | Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself. Alternate translation: “So Jephthah and his army passed through … Yahweh gave them victory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 838 | 11:33 | rt2j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | He attacked | 0 | Since Jephthah was the leader of his army, he and his army are often spoken of as Jephthah himself (verse 32). Alternate translation: “they attacked” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 839 | 11:33 | dl1t | Aroer | 0 | Translate the name of this city the same way you did in [Judges 11:26](../11/26.md). | ||
| 840 | 11:33 | pfq6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Minnith … Abel Keramim | 0 | These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 841 | 11:33 | i18j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty cities | 0 | “including 20 cities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 842 | 11:34 | ng9v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown | tambourines | 0 | musical instruments with heads like drums that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) | |
| 843 | 11:35 | md3n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | he tore his clothes | 0 | This is an act that shows mourning or great sadness. Alternate translation: “he tore his clothes from grief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 844 | 11:35 | puu2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | You have crushed me with sorrow … you have become one who causes me pain | 0 | Jephthah said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that he was very sad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 845 | 11:35 | qi6c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | You have crushed me with sorrow | 0 | Here Jephthah speaks of his great sorrow as something that crushes him. Alternate translation: “You have caused me great sorrow” or “You have filled me with sorrow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 846 | 11:35 | dvs5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | you have become one who causes me pain | 0 | Here Jephthah talks about his great distress and trouble as if it were pain. Alternate translation: “you have become someone who troubles me” or “you cause me great distress” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 847 | 11:35 | gvy5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | I cannot turn back on my promise | 0 | This is an idiom. To turn back on a promise means to not do what you have promised to do. Alternate translation: “I must do what I have promised” or “I cannot break my promise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 848 | 11:36 | e6gu | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites | 0 | Yahweh has taken vengence for him by defeating his enemies. The meaning of this can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “has taken vengeance for you against your enemies, the Ammonites, by defeating them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 849 | 11:37 | hj6q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Let this promise be kept for me | 0 | This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “Keep this promise for me” or “Keep this promise concerning me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 850 | 11:37 | dh7s | grieve over my virginity | 0 | Alternate translation: “weep because I am a virgin” or “cry because I will never be married” | ||
| 851 | 11:39 | n4my | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | had never known a man | 0 | This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “had never had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 852 | 11:40 | s739 | the Gileadite | 0 | This refers to someone from Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). | ||
| 853 | 12:intro | p8zn | 0 | # Judges 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter.\n\n### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Shibboleth\n\nThis is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sounds, not its meaning. The translator should not translate the meaning of this word, but should transliterate or transfer it into the target language by substituting letters that have the same sounds. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]]) | |||
| 854 | 12:1 | mp3k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | A call went out to the men of Ephraim | 0 | If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **call**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “The men of Ephraim were called together” or “The men … of Ephraim called together their soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 855 | 12:1 | ubq3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zaphon | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 856 | 12:1 | hh1l | passed through … pass through | 0 | or “traveled through … travel” or “journeyed through … journey” | ||
| 857 | 12:1 | lt7l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | We will burn your house down over you | 0 | This idiom means to burn down a house with people inside it. Alternate translation: “We will burn your house down with you still in it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 858 | 12:2 | fsb1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | When I called you, you | 0 | Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the people of Ephraim. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) | |
| 859 | 12:2 | nxf4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | did not rescue me | 0 | Jephthah uses the word “me” to refer to himself and all the people of Gilead. Alternate translation: “do not rescue us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 860 | 12:3 | s3v2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | you did not rescue me | 0 | The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “you did not rescue us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 861 | 12:3 | zev7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | I put my life in my own hand | 0 | This is an idiom which means to risk one’s life and to rely only on one’s own strength. Jephthah continues to refer to the people of Gilead as himself. Alternate translation: “We risked our lives, relying on our own strength” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 862 | 12:3 | u5y7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Yahweh gave me victory | 0 | Jephthah is referring to Yahweh giving the men of Gilead victory over the Ammonites. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave us victory over them” or “Yahweh allowed us to defeat them in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 863 | 12:3 | uje8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | Why have you come to fight against me | 0 | The word “you” is plural and refers to the men of Ephraim. Jephthah is referring to the people of Gilead, including himself, when he says “me.” Alternate translation: “Why have you come to fight against us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 864 | 12:3 | nt4r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | passed through against the people of Ammon | 0 | This means that they fought against the Ammonites as they passed through Ammon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Ammon as we passed through their region” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 865 | 12:4 | by47 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | he fought against Ephraim | 0 | The word “he” refers to Jephthah and all the fighting men of Gilead. Alternate translation: “they fought against Ephraim” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 866 | 12:4 | y6zx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | You Gileadites are fugitives | 0 | You can make the meaning of this insult explicit. Alternate translation: “You Gileadites do not really belong here. You are just people who came here to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 867 | 12:4 | p9f2 | Gileadites | 0 | people from Gilead | ||
| 868 | 12:4 | h3vl | in Ephraim—in Ephraim and Manasseh | 0 | “in the regions of Ephraim and Manasseh” or “in the land of Ephraim and Manasseh.” Here “Ephraim” and “Manasseh” refer to regions and are named after the tribes which live there. | ||
| 869 | 12:5 | dcy5 | to Ephraim | 0 | Alternate translation: “to the land of Ephraim” | ||
| 870 | 12:5 | f8sh | The Gileadites captured | 0 | Alternate translation: “The Gileadites controlled” or “The Gileadites occupied” | ||
| 871 | 12:5 | yc1p | fords | 0 | These are places where you can cross the river on foot because the water is shallow. | ||
| 872 | 12:5 | w1cc | Ephraimite | 0 | person from the tribe of Ephraim | ||
| 873 | 12:6 | cee8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate | Shibboleth … Sibboleth | 0 | These words have no meaning. Copy these words into your language, and make sure that the beginning of the words, that is the letters “Sh” and “S” are translated differently. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]]) | |
| 874 | 12:6 | uc7k | pronounce the word | 0 | Alternate translation: “make the sound of the word” | ||
| 875 | 12:6 | d82p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | Forty-two thousand | 0 | “42,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 876 | 12:6 | c2bb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Forty-two thousand Ephraimites were killed | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They killed forty-two thousand Ephraimites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 877 | 12:7 | v8rv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Jephthah the Gileadite died and was buried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jephthah the Gileadite died and they buried him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 878 | 12:8 | ha85 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Ibzan of Bethlehem | 0 | This is the name of a man from Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 879 | 12:9 | d515 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | He gave away thirty daughters in marriage | 0 | Here “give away … in marriage” is an idiom which means that he allowed his daughters to get married. Alternate translation: “He had thirty daughters and arranged a marriage for each of them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 880 | 12:9 | r2m9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | he brought in thirty daughters of other men for his sons, from the outside | 0 | The idiom “bring them in from the outside” means that he had women from other clans marry his sons. Alternate translation: “he arranged for thirty daughters of other men from outside of his clan to marry his sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 881 | 12:10 | jbg6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | was buried at Bethlehem | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Bethlehem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 882 | 12:11 | k8nx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Elon | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 883 | 12:11 | jl6e | Zebulunite | 0 | someone from the tribe of Zebulun | ||
| 884 | 12:12 | dn79 | Aijalon | 0 | Translate the name of this place the same way you did in [Judges 1:35](../01/35.md). | ||
| 885 | 12:12 | dzh4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | was buried in Aijalon | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him in Aijalon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 886 | 12:13 | x9gz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Abdon … Hillel | 0 | These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 887 | 12:13 | z3n6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Pirathon | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 888 | 12:14 | n7k2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | They rode on seventy donkeys | 0 | These men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word “rode” is used instead of “owned.” Alternate translation: “They owned seventy donkeys” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 889 | 12:14 | ua8s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | forty sons … thirty grandsons … seventy donkeys | 0 | “40 sons … 30 grandsons … 70 donkeys (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 890 | 12:15 | wqm2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Pirathonite … Pirathon | 0 | Pirathon is the name of a place, someone who is from that place is called a Pirathonite. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 891 | 13:intro | eu67 | 0 | # Judges 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the account of Samson ([Judges 13-16](./01.md)).\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Warning not to cut his hair\n\nThe angel of the Lord prophesied about Samson and gave instructions to Samson’s mother. Samson’s mother was to offer up her son under a Nazarite vow. This was a special type of vow, dedicating Samson to Yahweh. Part of this vow prohibited the cutting of the person’s hair. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]]) | |||
| 892 | 13:1 | acr5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was evil in the sight of Yahweh | 0 | The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 893 | 13:1 | g29r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | he gave them into the hand of the Philistines | 0 | Here “hand” refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate translation: “he allowed the Philistines to defeat them” or “he allowed them to be oppressed by the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 894 | 13:1 | jxd2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | forty years | 0 | “40 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 895 | 13:2 | y3dj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Zorah | 0 | This was the name of a town in Israel. It was in the region of Judah near the border of Dan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 896 | 13:2 | l3wl | Danites | 0 | people from the tribe of Dan | ||
| 897 | 13:2 | v9vw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Manoah | 0 | This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 898 | 13:3 | a36u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | give birth to a son | 0 | This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 899 | 13:4 | nfl8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | anything unclean | 0 | Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 900 | 13:5 | q3p1 | Look | 0 | Alternate translation: “Pay attention” or “Listen” | ||
| 901 | 13:5 | wb3h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | No razor will be used upon his head | 0 | Here the word “head” refers to his hair. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one should ever cut his hair” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 902 | 13:5 | lb1d | razor | 0 | a sharp knife used to cut hair close to the skin | ||
| 903 | 13:5 | vq8h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | a Nazirite to God | 0 | This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 904 | 13:5 | zui7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from the womb | 0 | Here the word “womb” refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate translation: “from before he is born” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 905 | 13:5 | am6s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the hand of the Philistines | 0 | Here the word “hand” means control. Alternate translation: “the control of the Philistines” or “being under the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 906 | 13:6 | djg9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | A man of God | 0 | This means that the man was sent by God. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “A man that God sent” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 907 | 13:6 | w3z3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | his appearance was like that of an angel of God, very terrible | 0 | Here “terrible” means “frightening.” Alternate translation: “I was very afraid of him because he looked like an angel of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 908 | 13:7 | n53c | Look | 0 | Alternate translation: “Pay attention” or “Listen” | ||
| 909 | 13:7 | p1sr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | give birth to a son | 0 | This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bear a son” or “have a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 910 | 13:7 | s1qy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | any food that the law declares to be unclean | 0 | Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 911 | 13:7 | pd9a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | a Nazirite to God | 0 | This means that he will be devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:5](../03/05.md). Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 912 | 13:7 | xct1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism | from the time he is in your womb until the day of his death | 0 | This emphasizes that it would be for his entire life. Alternate translation: “all his life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) | |
| 913 | 13:8 | nb4i | Manoah | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). | ||
| 914 | 13:9 | m96n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | came to the woman | 0 | You can make explicit the implicit meaning of the author’s words. Alternate translation: “came to Manoah’s wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 915 | 13:10 | me6y | Look | 0 | Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” | ||
| 916 | 13:10 | snn4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | The man | 0 | This refers to the angel of God in [Judges 13:3](../13/03.md). This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the man of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 917 | 13:12 | gti5 | your words | 0 | Alternate translation: “what you have said” | ||
| 918 | 13:14 | u67r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | anything that comes from the vines | 0 | Here the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as “coming” from the vine. Alternate translation: “anything that grows on a vine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 919 | 13:14 | f8vu | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | unclean | 0 | Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 13:7](../13/07.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 920 | 13:15 | aw65 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | prepare a young goat for you | 0 | You can make explicit the implicit meaning of Manoah’s statement. Alternate translation: “cook a young goat for you to eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 921 | 13:17 | ut4y | your words come true | 0 | Alternate translation: “what you have said comes true” | ||
| 922 | 13:18 | dsd7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why do you ask my name? | 0 | The angel asks this question as a rebuke. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not ask me what my name is.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 923 | 13:18 | rr96 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | It is wonderful | 0 | It may be helpful to explain more explicitly why they should not ask his name. Alternate translation: “It is too wonderful for you to understand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 924 | 13:19 | lw91 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | with the grain offering | 0 | This law requires a grain offering to be offered when a burnt offering is made. Alternate translation: “with the grain offering required with it” or “with the grain offering to accompany it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 925 | 13:19 | d2km | on the rock | 0 | “on the altar.” The altar Manoah sacrificed the offering on was a rock. | ||
| 926 | 13:19 | pqv4 | He did something | 0 | Alternate translation: “The angel did something” | ||
| 927 | 13:20 | s8h8 | the angel of Yahweh went up in the flame of the altar | 0 | Alternate translation: “the angel of Yahweh went back up into heaven through the flames on the altar” | ||
| 928 | 13:20 | g2fz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction | lay facedown on the ground | 0 | “lay with their faces to the ground.” This is a sign of respect and honor, but it also shows their fear of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]]) | |
| 929 | 13:21 | yi5q | that he was the angel of Yahweh | 0 | The word “he” refers to the man who Manoah and his wife had seen. | ||
| 930 | 13:22 | f9uz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | We are sure to die, because we have seen God | 0 | It is implied that they think God will cause them to die. This can be made clear. Alternate translation: “God will cause us to die because we have seen him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 931 | 13:23 | u22x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | He would not have shown us all these things, nor at this time would he have let us hear such things | 0 | Manoah’s wife said basically the same thing twice for emphasis. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “He would not have told us what he wanted us to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 932 | 13:24 | n565 | the woman | 0 | Alternate translation: “Manoah’s wife” | ||
| 933 | 13:24 | lz2q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | gave birth to a son | 0 | This refers to childbirth. Alternate translation: “bore a son” or “had a baby boy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 934 | 13:24 | ht9i | grew up | 0 | Alternate translation: “became an adult” or “matured” | ||
| 935 | 13:25 | hmc1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | Yahweh’s Spirit began to stir him | 0 | Here the way Yahweh’s Spirit influences Samson is compared to the way a spoon stirs food in a pot. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit began to influence Samson” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 936 | 13:25 | wnc2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Mahaneh Dan … Eshtaol | 0 | Mahaneh Dan is the name of a temporary camp that the tribe of Dan lived in while they looked for a permanent home. Eshtaol is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 937 | 13:25 | x4d3 | Zorah | 0 | Translate the name of this town the same way you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). | ||
| 938 | 14:intro | cl2d | 0 | # Judges 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Samson continues in this chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:14, 18.\n\n### Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Intermarriage\n\nIt was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a different people group. This is why Samson’s parents did not want him to marry a Philistine woman. They use rhetorical questions to convince him that he is sinning. This woman caused Samson many problems. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |||
| 939 | 14:1 | bwa3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Samson went down to Timnah | 0 | The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timah is the name of a city in the Sorek Valley. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 940 | 14:1 | u7xb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | one of the daughters of the Philistines | 0 | The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among the Philistine people” or “a Philistine girl” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 941 | 14:2 | b9h1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Now get her for me to be my wife | 0 | This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to become my wife” or “Make the arrangements for me to marry her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 942 | 14:3 | lcb9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Is there not a woman among the daughters of your relatives, or among all our people? | 0 | They ask this question to suggest that they could find Samson a wife among their own people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely there are women among your people whom you could marry.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 943 | 14:3 | x278 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | the daughters of your relatives | 0 | The word “daughter” is a polite way to refer to a young, unmarried woman. Alternate translation: “one of the unmarried women among your relatives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 944 | 14:3 | wj22 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are you going to take a wife from the uncircumcised Philistines? | 0 | This question is asked to rebuke Samson. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind this question as a statement. you could make explicit the reason his parents do not want him to marry a Philistine. Alternate translation: “You really should not marry a Philistine woman because the Philistine people do not worship Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 945 | 14:3 | srv6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Get her for me | 0 | This is an idiom. Samson was demanding his parents to speak to the Philistine woman’s parents about marriage. Alternate translation: “Now arrange for her to be my wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 946 | 14:3 | r62c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | she pleases me | 0 | This means that Samson thinks she is beautiful. “I am pleased by how beautiful she is” or “she is beautiful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 947 | 14:4 | ubq9 | this matter | 0 | This refers to Samson’s request to marry the Philistine woman. | ||
| 948 | 14:4 | k7hy | for he desired to create a conflict | 0 | The word “he” refers to Yahweh. | ||
| 949 | 14:5 | d4lt | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Samson went down to Timnah | 0 | The phrase “went down” is used here because Timnah is lower in elevation than where his father’s house was. Timnah was a city in the Sorek Valley. Translate the name of this city the same way you did in [Judges 14:1](../14/01.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 950 | 14:5 | ty9r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | And, look, there one of the young lions came up | 0 | Here the word “look” is used to draw the readers attention to a surprising event that happens in the story. The phrase “came up” means that the lion came near him. Alternate translation: “Suddenly, a young lion came near him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 951 | 14:5 | szi7 | was roaring at him | 0 | “threatened him.” This is the kind of noise that a lion makes when it threatens to attack something. | ||
| 952 | 14:6 | m9m5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Yahweh’s Spirit suddenly came on him | 0 | The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s Spirit made him very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 953 | 14:6 | ryx9 | tore … apart | 0 | tore into two pieces | ||
| 954 | 14:6 | t92d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes | had nothing in his hand | 0 | Here it states that he had nothing in his hand to emphasize that he was not holding a weapon. Alternate translation: “did not have a weapon” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) | |
| 955 | 14:7 | s2mj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | she pleased Samson | 0 | This means that he thought she was very beautiful. Alternate translation: “he was pleased by how beautiful she was” or “he thought she was very beautiful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 956 | 14:8 | d5v9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | he turned aside | 0 | This means that he left his path to do something. Alternate translation: “he left the path” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 957 | 14:8 | ude7 | carcass | 0 | dead body | ||
| 958 | 14:8 | um8z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | And, look, there was a swarm of bees | 0 | Here the word “look” is used to draw the reader’s attention to something surprising that happens in the story. Alternate translation: “He found a swarm of bees” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 959 | 14:8 | y8ha | swarm | 0 | large group of insects | ||
| 960 | 14:9 | u3ie | scraped up | 0 | Alternate translation: “gathered up” | ||
| 961 | 14:10 | cm3z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Samson’s father went down to where the woman was | 0 | The phrase “went down” is used to describe Timnah which is lower in elevation than where Samson’s father lives. Alternate translation: “Samson’s father went to where the woman lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 962 | 14:10 | ugh2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | the custom of the young men | 0 | It may be helpful to state that this was a marriage custom. Alternate translation: “the custom of young men who were getting married” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 963 | 14:11 | ff89 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | thirty of their friends | 0 | “30 of their friends” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 964 | 14:12 | kh6c | riddle | 0 | a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question | ||
| 965 | 14:12 | a8er | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | can find it out | 0 | This means to figure out the meaning of the riddle. Alternate translation: “can figure out its meaning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 966 | 14:12 | fk4t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | thirty linen robes and thirty sets of clothes | 0 | “30 linen robes and 30 sets of clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 967 | 14:12 | ze1u | linen | 0 | a type of cloth | ||
| 968 | 14:13 | yu1y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you | But if you cannot tell me | 0 | Here the word “you” is plural and refers to the guests at the feast. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) | |
| 969 | 14:14 | z49r | General Information: | 0 | # General Information:\n\nSamson tells his riddle. Since it is supposed to be hard to understand, do not translate it in a way that people will immediately know what it means. | ||
| 970 | 14:14 | j8sv | Out of the eater was something to eat | 0 | Alternate translation: “Out of the eater came something to eat” or “Something to eat came out of something that eats” | ||
| 971 | 14:14 | mcm3 | the eater | 0 | The noun “eater” can be expressed as a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the thing that eats” | ||
| 972 | 14:14 | hsz9 | out of the strong was something sweet | 0 | Alternate translation: “out of the strong came something sweet” or “Something that is sweet came out of something that is strong” | ||
| 973 | 14:14 | ck4e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj | the strong | 0 | This refers to something that is strong. Alternate translation: “the strong thing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) | |
| 974 | 14:14 | bdu6 | his guests | 0 | Alternate translation: “the men at his feast” | ||
| 975 | 14:14 | mf31 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | could not find the answer | 0 | Here figuring out the answer to the riddle is spoke of as if it were something hidden that the guest had to search for and find. Alternate translation: “could not figure out the answer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 976 | 14:15 | wrs2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal | the fourth day | 0 | “day 4” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) | |
| 977 | 14:15 | w5dc | Trick | 0 | mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do | ||
| 978 | 14:15 | jx5r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | your father’s house | 0 | This could mean: (1) this refers to the actual house. Alternate translation: “the house your father and his family live in” or (2) “house” refers to the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 979 | 14:15 | t8sh | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | will burn up | 0 | The phrase “burn up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burnt up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 980 | 14:15 | si25 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Did you invite us here in order to make us poor? | 0 | They ask her this question to accuse her of doing evil. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have brought us here to make us poor!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 981 | 14:15 | sg4i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | to make us poor | 0 | They would become poor if they had to buy him new clothes if they could not solve the riddle. Alternate translation: “to make us poor by forcing us to buy him new clothes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 982 | 14:16 | hr3k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | All you do is hate me! You do not love me | 0 | Samson’s wife basically said the same thing twice for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You do not really love me at all” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 983 | 14:16 | d72a | riddle | 0 | a game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question | ||
| 984 | 14:16 | j4gp | Look here | 0 | This is used to get someones attention. Here “look” means to “listen.” Alternate translation: “Listen to me” or “Pay attention to what I am about to say” | ||
| 985 | 14:16 | zq8z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | if I have not told my father or my mother, should I tell you? | 0 | Samson was rebuking her for demanding that he tell her the answer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have not even told my father or mother. I will not tell you.” or “you should not demand that I tell you, since I have not even told my parents, and they are closer to me than you are.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 986 | 14:17 | ejm7 | during the seven days that their feast lasted | 0 | This could mean: (1) “during the seven days of their feast” or (2) “during the rest of the seven days of their feast.” | ||
| 987 | 14:17 | rfq6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal | the seventh day | 0 | “day 7” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) | |
| 988 | 14:17 | xid1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | she pressured him very much | 0 | Here the word “pressured” means “urged.” Alternate translation: “she kept urging him to tell her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 989 | 14:18 | ui6t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | the men of the city | 0 | This refers to Samson’s wife’s relatives. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the young men” or “her relatives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 990 | 14:18 | mq6y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal | the seventh day | 0 | “day 7” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]]) | |
| 991 | 14:18 | vi1z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What is sweeter than honey? What is stronger than a lion? | 0 | This is the answer to the riddle. It may be written as a statement instead of as questions. If necessary it could be made clear how this relates to the riddle by adding more information. Alternate translation: “Honey is sweet and a lion is strong.” or “Honey is sweet and it came out of a lion.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 992 | 14:18 | scv6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | If you had not plowed with my heifer | 0 | Samson compares their using his wife to get the answer to someone using another person’s heifer to plow his field. Alternate translation: “If you had not used my wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 993 | 14:18 | cl8w | plowed | 0 | To plow is to use an animal to pull a blade through soil to prepare the soil for seeds. | ||
| 994 | 14:19 | m2gz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | came on Samson with power | 0 | The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” or “made Samson very powerful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 995 | 14:19 | ht3c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | killed thirty of their men | 0 | “killed 30 of their men” - (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 996 | 14:19 | kc4e | their men | 0 | Alternate translation: “the men who lived there” | ||
| 997 | 14:19 | u2u5 | plunder | 0 | things taken by force, usually after a fight or battle | ||
| 998 | 14:19 | axx7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | their clothes | 0 | These were from the plunder he had taken from Ashkelon. Alternate translation: “the sets of clothing that he had taken” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 999 | 14:19 | ym43 | Burning with anger | 0 | Alternate translation: “Very angry” | ||
| 1000 | 14:19 | d5ji | went up to his father’s house | 0 | The phrase “went up” is used here because Samson was at Timnah which is lower in elevation than where his father’s house is located. | ||
| 1001 | 14:20 | hb14 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | Samson’s wife was given to his best friend | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his wife’s father gave her to his best friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1002 | 14:20 | ibt7 | best friend | 0 | Alternate translation: “closest friend” | ||
| 1003 | 15:intro | dn16 | 0 | # Judges 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Samson continues in this chapter.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 15:16.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Samson’s strength\n\nThe Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinary strength. Samson’s power is the power of Yahweh himself and he enacted the judgment of God on the Philistines. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]]) | |||
| 1004 | 15:1 | gn7w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | He said to himself | 0 | This refers to thinking. Alternate translation: “He thought to himself” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1005 | 15:1 | n6ml | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | I will go to my wife’s room | 0 | Samson intended to sleep with his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will go to my wife’s room, so we may sleep together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1006 | 15:1 | hmg4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis | would not allow him to go in | 0 | The phrase “her room” is understood from what Samson said to himself. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “would not permit him to go into her room” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) | |
| 1007 | 15:2 | f2qk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | so I gave her to your friend | 0 | This means that he gave her to be his friend’s wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “so I gave her to be married to your friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1008 | 15:2 | pn1a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | is she not? | 0 | He asks this question to imply that Samson should agree with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I hope you agree.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1009 | 15:2 | ruf2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Take her instead | 0 | He is suggesting that Samson take her as his wife. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Take her to be your wife instead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1010 | 15:3 | b19a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | I will be innocent in regard to the Philistines when I hurt them | 0 | Samson thinks that he will be innocent if he attacks the Philistines because they wronged him. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will be innocent if I hurt the Philistines because they have wronged me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1011 | 15:4 | vl3y | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three hundred foxes | 0 | “300 foxes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1012 | 15:4 | bxn9 | foxes | 0 | Foxes are animals like dogs that have long tails and that eat nesting birds and other small animals. | ||
| 1013 | 15:4 | g4ms | each pair | 0 | a pair is two of anything, such as two foxes, or two tails | ||
| 1014 | 15:4 | l3z7 | tail to tail | 0 | Alternate translation: “by their tails” | ||
| 1015 | 15:4 | b6p3 | torches | 0 | A torch is a stick of wood with something flammable attached to one end; a torch is often used to light other things or to be carried for light. | ||
| 1016 | 15:5 | p7mc | standing grain | 0 | grain that is still growing on its stalk in the field | ||
| 1017 | 15:5 | i6qn | stacked grain | 0 | the stalks of grain collected in piles after it has been harvested | ||
| 1018 | 15:5 | a7kw | orchards | 0 | An orchard is a place where fruit trees are grown. | ||
| 1019 | 15:6 | mns7 | the Timnite’s son-in-law | 0 | The husband of a man’s daughter is a “son-in-law.” | ||
| 1020 | 15:6 | r78s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Timnite | 0 | This is a person from Timnah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1021 | 15:6 | uk9a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | took Samson’s wife and gave her to his friend | 0 | Samson’s wife’s father gave her in marriage to Samson’s friend. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “took Samson’s wife and allowed her to marry Samson’s friend” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1022 | 15:6 | hz8u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | burned up | 0 | The phrase “burned up” means to burn something completely. If a person is “burned up,” it means that person is burned to death. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1023 | 15:7 | sj8e | said to them | 0 | Alternate translation: “said to the Philistines” | ||
| 1024 | 15:7 | k4eu | If this is what you do | 0 | Alternate translation: “Because you have done this.” | ||
| 1025 | 15:8 | x42b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | he cut them to pieces, hip and thigh | 0 | Here “hip and thigh” refers to the whole body. This is a graphic description of how Samson killed the Philistines. Alternate translation: “He cut their bodies to pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1026 | 15:8 | m2qa | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | he went down | 0 | Here the phrase “went down” does not likely mean that he changed elevation, but rather, it is a way to describe someone going to another place. Alternate translation: “he went” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1027 | 15:8 | xk3p | cave | 0 | an opening in a hill or mountainside | ||
| 1028 | 15:8 | yl63 | cliff | 0 | a high, rocky hill or mountainside | ||
| 1029 | 15:8 | b6rw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Etam | 0 | This is the name of the rocky hill country near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1030 | 15:9 | g7cb | the Philistines came up … in Judah | 0 | The phrase “came up” is used here because the Philistines went to Judah which is higher in elevation than where they traveled from. | ||
| 1031 | 15:9 | fkh2 | prepared for battle | 0 | Alternate translation: “organized themselves for battle” | ||
| 1032 | 15:9 | v6jw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Lehi | 0 | This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1033 | 15:10 | ut2q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | do to him as he has done to us | 0 | The Philistines are comparing how they want to kill Samson to how he killed many of the Philistines. Alternate translation: “kill him like he killed many of our people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1034 | 15:11 | y64p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three thousand men of Judah | 0 | “3,000 men of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1035 | 15:11 | ji18 | cave in the cliff of Etam | 0 | See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md). | ||
| 1036 | 15:11 | k7fw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Do you not know that the Philistines are rulers over us? What is this you have done to us? | 0 | The men of Judah ask Samson these questions to rebuke him. This questions may be written as a statements. Alternate translation: “You know that the Philistines are rulers over us but you act like they are not. What you have done has caused us great harm.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1037 | 15:11 | td2d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | They did to me, and so I have done to them | 0 | Samson is referring to how they killed his wife and how he killed them in revenge. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “They killed my wife, so I killed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1038 | 15:12 | a6ty | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the hands of the Philistines | 0 | Here “hands” refers to power. Alternate translation: “the Philistine’s control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1039 | 15:13 | nz1k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | hand you over to them | 0 | This means to cause someone to be under someone else’s control. Alternate translation: “give you to the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1040 | 15:13 | m8g6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | up from the rock | 0 | This refers to the cave in the cliff of Etam where Samson had gone in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md). Here the words “up from” mean that they had brought him away from the cave. Alternate translation: “away from the cave in the large rock” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1041 | 15:14 | dr4z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | When he came | 0 | Samson was not travelling alone, he was being led by the men who had tied him with ropes. Alternate translation: “When they came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1042 | 15:14 | xp7l | Lehi | 0 | This is the name of a town in Judah. See how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md). | ||
| 1043 | 15:14 | w48h | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | came on him with power | 0 | The phrase “came on” means that Yahweh’s Spirit influenced Samson. In this case, he made him very strong. Alternate translation: “made Samson very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1044 | 15:14 | nue5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | The ropes on his arms became like burnt flax | 0 | Samson easily broken the ropes that bound his hands. The author describes how easily he broke the ropes by saying it was as if they had become burnt flax. Alternate translation: “He snapped the ropes on his arms as easily as if they had been stalks of burned flax” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1045 | 15:14 | d1fe | flax | 0 | fibers from the flax plant used for making threads and cloth | ||
| 1046 | 15:15 | w6nt | a fresh jawbone | 0 | This means that the donkey had died very recently and its bones had not yet begun to decay. A jawbone is the bone in which the lower rows of teeth are set. | ||
| 1047 | 15:15 | nb59 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | a thousand men | 0 | “1,000 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1048 | 15:16 | dzp6 | the jawbone of a donkey | 0 | Alternate translation: “a donkey’s jawbone” | ||
| 1049 | 15:16 | dm4v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | heaps upon heaps | 0 | This phrase describes how many people Samson killed. There were enough bodies to make large piles of bodies. Alternate translation: “I have made heaps of dead bodies” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1050 | 15:17 | ra2d | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Ramath Lehi | 0 | This is the name of a place. It’s name means “Jawbone Hill” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1051 | 15:18 | ta26 | was very thirsty | 0 | Alternate translation: “needed water to drink” | ||
| 1052 | 15:18 | t3wx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | But now will I die of thirst and fall into … uncircumcised? | 0 | This could mean: (1) Samson is so thirsty he could literally die. Alternate translation: “But now I will die of thirst and my body will fall into … uncircumcised.” or (2) Samson exaggerates how thirsty he is by asking if he will die of thirst. Alternate translation: “But now will you allow me to become so weak from my thirst that I fall into … uncircumcised?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 1053 | 15:18 | h9yr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | die of thirst | 0 | This means to die because you have not drank enough and therefore, you do not have enough water in your body. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1054 | 15:18 | u4x9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | fall into the hands of those who are uncircumcised | 0 | The phrase “fall into the hands” means to be captured. “Those who are uncircumcised” refers to the Philistines and with the word “uncircumcised” emphasizing that they do not worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “be captured by those godless Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1055 | 15:19 | c7pf | split open the hollow place | 0 | “opened a hole in the ground” or “opened the low place.” This refers to a low area of ground where Yahweh caused a spring of water to appear. | ||
| 1056 | 15:19 | c776 | Lehi | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md) | ||
| 1057 | 15:19 | rty1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | his strength returned and he revived | 0 | These two phrase mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Samson became strong again. These two statements can be combined. Alternate translation: “he became strong again” or “he was revived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 1058 | 15:19 | r7ji | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | En Hakkore | 0 | This is the name of a spring of water. The name means “spring of him who prayed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1059 | 15:19 | k47v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | it is at Lehi to this day | 0 | This means that the spring did not dry up but that it remained. The phrase “to this day” refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “the spring can still be found at Lehi, even today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1060 | 15:20 | ru29 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | in the days of the Philistines | 0 | This refers to the time period that the Philistines controlled the land of Israel. Alternate translation: “during the time the Philistines controlled Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1061 | 15:20 | l52v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | for twenty years | 0 | “for 20 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1062 | 16:intro | u81n | 0 | # Judges 16 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe account of Samson concludes in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Samson’s mistake\n\nSamson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson’s only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems. | |||
| 1063 | 16:1 | l289 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | he went to bed with her | 0 | The phrase “went to bed with” is a polite way of referring to having sex. Alternate translation: “he had sex with her” or “he slept with her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 1064 | 16:2 | j859 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | The Gazites were told | 0 | The word “Gazites” refers to people from Gaza. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told the people of Gaza” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1065 | 16:2 | fyj2 | The Gazites surrounded the place … they waited for him all night at the city gate | 0 | This implies that some Gazites surrounded the place where Samson was staying and others waited at the city gate so that he could not leave. | ||
| 1066 | 16:2 | lsy6 | They kept silent all night | 0 | This could mean: (1) “They did not make any noise all night” or (2) “They made no attempt to attack him all night.” | ||
| 1067 | 16:3 | iye2 | until midnight | 0 | Alternate translation: “until the middle of the night” | ||
| 1068 | 16:3 | fv5x | its two posts | 0 | These are supports for the city gate. These posts were probably made from tree trunks and were buried deep into the ground. The doors of the city gate were attached to these posts. | ||
| 1069 | 16:3 | c2m4 | bar and all | 0 | The bar was probably a heavy rod of iron that connected the gate to the posts. The doors of the city gate were probably made of heavy wooden beams or iron bars. | ||
| 1070 | 16:3 | m4dx | shoulders | 0 | the part of the human body where the arms and the neck attach to the body | ||
| 1071 | 16:3 | yq6t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Hebron | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1072 | 16:4 | itb4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Valley of Sorek | 0 | This is the name of a valley near Samson’s home. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1073 | 16:5 | c6wz | Trick | 0 | to mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do | ||
| 1074 | 16:5 | x4w2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | to see | 0 | This is an idiom that means to learn something. Alternate translation: “to understand” or “to learn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1075 | 16:5 | vq28 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | where his great strength lies | 0 | This is an idiom that refers to where his strength comes from. Alternate translation: “what causes him to be very strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1076 | 16:5 | y38x | by what means we may overpower him | 0 | Alternate translation: “how we might overpower him””” | ||
| 1077 | 16:5 | g3bg | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 1,100 pieces of silver | 0 | “one thousand one hundred pieces of silver.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1078 | 16:6 | r4hy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | bind you, so you might be controlled | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bind you to control you” or “bind you to restrain you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1079 | 16:7 | ae1p | fresh bowstrings | 0 | Bowstrings were often made from parts of an animal, often from the tendons. The words “fresh bowstrings” refer to those that come from a freshly slaughtered animal that have not yet dried. | ||
| 1080 | 16:7 | z8ml | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | that have not been dried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that have not yet dried” or “that are not dry yet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1081 | 16:8 | xv64 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | that had not been dried | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that had not yet dried” or “that were not dry yet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1082 | 16:8 | xt1g | she tied Samson up with them | 0 | Alternate translation: “Delilah tied Samson up with the fresh bowstrings” | ||
| 1083 | 16:9 | n6px | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Philistine men that Delilah had waiting to capture Samson. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1084 | 16:9 | by3q | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | The Philistines are upon you | 0 | The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1085 | 16:9 | sy3a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | he broke the bowstrings like a thread of yarn when it touches the fire | 0 | The author describes how easily he broke the bowstrings by comparing them to how yarn breaks when it is burned. Alternate translation: “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if he were breaking burned yarn” or “he broke the bowstrings as easily as if they were made of thin yarn” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1086 | 16:10 | x2km | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | This is how you have deceived me and told me lies. | 0 | Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “You have greatly deceived me!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 1087 | 16:10 | e5iw | you can be overpowered | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you” | ||
| 1088 | 16:12 | vpr3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | The Philistines are upon you | 0 | The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1089 | 16:12 | rnx9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | lying in wait | 0 | This means that they were hiding and waiting for the right moment to attack. Alternate translation: “waiting to attack him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1090 | 16:12 | j7zp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | like they were a piece of thread | 0 | The author describes how easily Samson broke the ropes by comparing it to him breaking a piece of thread. Alternate translation: “as easily as if they were only a piece of thread” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1091 | 16:13 | hg41 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | you have deceived me and told me lies | 0 | Deceiving and lying mean the same thing and are stated to emphasize how angry Delilah felt. Alternate translation: “you have greatly deceived me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) | |
| 1092 | 16:13 | t97z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | you may be overpowered | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people can overpower you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1093 | 16:13 | s6f3 | weave | 0 | crossing pieces of material together so they hold each other in place | ||
| 1094 | 16:13 | h8x3 | locks of my hair | 0 | small bunches of hair | ||
| 1095 | 16:13 | c2e8 | fabric | 0 | cloth made from weaving material together | ||
| 1096 | 16:13 | wv5v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown | loom | 0 | a machine used for combining many threads of material into a cloth (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]]) | |
| 1097 | 16:13 | gkr7 | then nail that to the loom | 0 | Alternate translation: “then nail the fabric to the loom” | ||
| 1098 | 16:13 | pn2m | nail | 0 | to hammer a nail in order to hold something in one place | ||
| 1099 | 16:13 | w58a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | I will be like any other man | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “I will be as weak as any other man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1100 | 16:14 | h61l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | The Philistines are upon you | 0 | The phrase “upon you” means that they are there to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1101 | 16:14 | k9fi | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | he pulled out the fabric and the pin from the loom | 0 | Samson pulled out the fabric from the loom when he pulled his hair away from the loom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “pulled away his hair, taking with it the pin of the loom and the fabric in the loom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1102 | 16:14 | lc6p | the pin | 0 | This is the wooden nail or peg used to fasten the fabric to the loom. | ||
| 1103 | 16:15 | zzt1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | How can you say, ‘I love you,’ when you do not share your secrets with me? | 0 | Delilah asks this question to say that if Samson really loved her he would tell her his secrets. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “When you say ‘I love you,’ you are lying because you do not share your secrets with me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1104 | 16:16 | s5ui | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | pressed him hard … pressured him | 0 | Here the author speaks of how Delilah tries to persuade Samson as if she were putting pressure on him to convince him to tell her what she wants to know. Alternate translation: “tried hard to persuade him … kept trying to persuade him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1105 | 16:16 | imn2 | with her words | 0 | Alternate translation: “by what she said to him” | ||
| 1106 | 16:16 | iqa6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | that he wished he would die | 0 | The author used a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize how miserable Sampson felt. Alternate translation: “that he was completely miserable” or “that he was very unhappy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 1107 | 16:17 | c8q9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | told her everything | 0 | everything about the source of his strength. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “told her the source of his strength” or “told her the truth” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1108 | 16:17 | y8xz | razor | 0 | a sharp blade used to cut hair close to a person’s skin | ||
| 1109 | 16:17 | z2nf | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | a Nazirite for God | 0 | This means that he is devoted to God as a Nazirite. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 13:5](../13/05.md). Alternate translation: “a Nazirite devoted to God” or “devoted to God as a Nazirite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1110 | 16:17 | fhm4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from my mother’s womb | 0 | Here “from my mother’s womb” refers to when he was born. This means that he has been a Nazirite since he was born. Alternate translation: “my entire life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1111 | 16:17 | t2us | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | If my head is shaved | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If someone shaves my head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1112 | 16:17 | seg5 | shaved | 0 | to have had the hair cut close to the skin with a razor | ||
| 1113 | 16:17 | iq1l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification | my strength will leave me | 0 | Samson speaks about his strength as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “I will not be strong any more” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 1114 | 16:18 | m9zg | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Delilah saw | 0 | Here the word “saw” is a idiom that means to realize something. Alternate translation: “Delilah realized” or “Delilah learned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1115 | 16:18 | z2eu | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | the truth about everything | 0 | Here the word “everything” refers to everything about why Samson was strong. Alternate translation: “the truth about why he is strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1116 | 16:18 | x4mm | Come up again | 0 | Delilah is telling the rulers to come again to where she lives. Her home is likely at a higher elevation than where the rulers would be travelling from. | ||
| 1117 | 16:18 | ipi8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | bringing the silver in their hands | 0 | This means that they brought to her the silver that they had promised to give her if she helped them capture Samson. Alternate translation: “bringing the silver that they had promised to give her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1118 | 16:19 | h2jg | She had him fall asleep | 0 | Alternate translation: “She caused him to fall asleep” | ||
| 1119 | 16:19 | x4y8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | in her lap | 0 | This means that he slept with his head on her lap. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with his head on her lap” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1120 | 16:19 | gjg3 | lap | 0 | The lap is the level area of the upper legs when a person is sitting down. | ||
| 1121 | 16:19 | vai4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession | the seven locks of his head | 0 | Samson had seven locks of hair on his head. Locks are small bunches of hair. Here his locks of hair are described as “belonging” to his head. Alternate translation: “the seven locks of hair on his head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) | |
| 1122 | 16:19 | w8dj | subdue him | 0 | Alternate translation: “control him” | ||
| 1123 | 16:19 | qt31 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification | his strength had left him | 0 | Here Samson’s strength is described as if it were a person who could leave him. Alternate translation: “his strength was gone” or “he was no longer strong” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 1124 | 16:20 | e9dj | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | The Philistines are upon you | 0 | The phrase “upon you” means that they are ready to capture him. Alternate translation: “The Philistines are here to capture you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1125 | 16:20 | jt7e | woke up | 0 | Alternate translation: “awakened” | ||
| 1126 | 16:20 | n31e | get out | 0 | Alternate translation: “escape” | ||
| 1127 | 16:20 | n47x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | But he did not know that Yahweh had left him | 0 | It is implied that if Yahweh left Samson, he would no longer be strong. Alternate translation: “But he did not know that Yahweh had left him and that he would not be strong enough to defeat the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1128 | 16:21 | ve9n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | put out his eyes | 0 | This means that they removed his eyes from his head. Alternate translation: “removed his eyes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1129 | 16:21 | z2vv | down to Gaza | 0 | The phrase “down to” is used here because they brought Samson to Gaza which is lower in elevation than his home where they captured him. | ||
| 1130 | 16:21 | t7gr | bound him with bronze shackles | 0 | Alternate translation: “chained him with bronze shackles” or “tied him up using bronze shackles” | ||
| 1131 | 16:21 | t1sq | shackles | 0 | locks on the end of chains that hold a prisoner at his feet or hands, or both | ||
| 1132 | 16:21 | mn74 | turned the millstone | 0 | Alternate translation: “pulled the millstone around in a circle” | ||
| 1133 | 16:21 | ujq1 | millstone | 0 | This is a very large, heavy, circular stone. Normally, a large animal pulls the millstone around in a circle to crush grain. Here the Philistines humiliate Samson by making him pull it. | ||
| 1134 | 16:22 | ru6p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | after it had been shaved | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after the Philistines had shaved it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1135 | 16:23 | b13v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Dagon | 0 | a major false god of the Philistines (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1136 | 16:23 | p125 | has conquered | 0 | Alternate translation: “has defeated” | ||
| 1137 | 16:23 | ekg1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | put him in our grasp | 0 | Here the author speak of Samson being under the rulers’ control as if he were something grasped tightly by their hands. Alternate translation: “put him under our control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1138 | 16:24 | ums1 | the destroyer of our country | 0 | This refers to Samson. The word “destroyer” can be expressed with the verb “destroy.” Alternate translation: “the man who has destroyed our country” | ||
| 1139 | 16:24 | y4qk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | who killed many of us | 0 | Here the word “us” refers to the Philistine people. Those who are talking are not counting themselves among the people whom Samson killed. Alternate translation: “who killed many of our people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1140 | 16:25 | hiy5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Call for Samson … They called for Samson | 0 | Since Samson was a prisoner, he would not be called directly, but rather the people were asking for the men in charge of the prison to bring him to them. Alternate translation: “Call for them to bring out Samson … They brought Samson” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1141 | 16:26 | b8yg | the boy | 0 | “the young man” This was not a young child, but rather a youth. | ||
| 1142 | 16:26 | d2gs | Permit me to touch the pillars on which the building rests | 0 | Alternate translation: “Allow me to touch the pillars which hold up the building” | ||
| 1143 | 16:27 | fx8p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the main story while the writer tells background information. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1144 | 16:27 | cp19 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | three thousand men and women | 0 | “3,000 men and women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1145 | 16:27 | l6hc | looking on | 0 | Alternate translation: “watching” | ||
| 1146 | 16:27 | ulj6 | while Samson was entertaining them | 0 | It is unclear what Samson did to entertain them. It seems the Philistines were making him do things that would humiliate him so that they could make fun of him. | ||
| 1147 | 16:28 | n4yh | called to Yahweh | 0 | Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh” | ||
| 1148 | 16:28 | ypq4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | call me to mind | 0 | This means to remember him and his situation. Alternate translation: “remember me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1149 | 16:28 | ld69 | only this once | 0 | Alternate translation: “one more time” | ||
| 1150 | 16:28 | f2en | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | in one blow on the Philistines | 0 | This idiom means that he wants to have one more powerful act against the Philistines to get full revenge for what they did to him. Alternate translation: “with one strike against the Philistine” or “in one powerful act against the Philistines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1151 | 16:29 | dmd3 | on which the building rested | 0 | Alternate translation: “which held up the building” | ||
| 1152 | 16:30 | mt5g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | He stretched out with his strength | 0 | When Samson stretched out his arms he pushed down the pillars of the building. Alternate translation: “He used his strength to push down the pillars” or “He used his strength to push over the pillars” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1153 | 16:30 | i5lw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj | the dead | 0 | This refers to people who are dead. Alternate translation: “the dead people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) | |
| 1154 | 16:30 | u7yd | were more | 0 | Alternate translation: “were a greater amount” | ||
| 1155 | 16:31 | rl5r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | all the house of his father | 0 | Here the word “house” refers to his family. Alternate translation: “all of his father’s family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1156 | 16:31 | jg6m | came down | 0 | The phrase “came down” is used here because the place that Samson’s family traveled form was higher in elevation than Gaza. | ||
| 1157 | 16:31 | na1k | Zorah … Eshtaol | 0 | See how you translated the names of these places in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md) and [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md). | ||
| 1158 | 16:31 | de6c | in the burial place of Manoah, his father | 0 | Alternate translation: “where his father, Manoah, is buried” | ||
| 1159 | 16:31 | i2d4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Manoah | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1160 | 16:31 | wv8z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Samson had judged Israel for twenty years | 0 | This same sentence is also in [Judges 15:20](../15/20.md). It is repeated here to remind readers of how long he judged Israel. Alternate translation: “Samson had judged Israel for twenty years before he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1161 | 16:31 | vmv2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty years | 0 | “20 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1162 | 17:intro | c454 | 0 | # Judges 17 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Idols and figures\n\nAccording to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden figures or cast metal idols. This was a form of idolatry. This practice was common in Canaan and it shows the influence the Israelites allowed these people to have on them. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]]) | |||
| 1163 | 17:1 | rrp1 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants | There was a man | 0 | This is a way to introduce a new person to the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]]) | |
| 1164 | 17:1 | ke46 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Micah | 0 | This is the name of a man. It is not the same man who wrote the book of Micah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1165 | 17:2 | c1x6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 1,100 pieces | 0 | “one thousand one hundred pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1166 | 17:2 | k7it | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | that were taken from you | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which someone stole from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1167 | 17:2 | m56x | I stole it | 0 | Alternate translation: “I was the one who took it” | ||
| 1168 | 17:3 | z9j9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 1,100 pieces | 0 | “one thousand one hundred” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1169 | 17:3 | p6yd | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | set apart | 0 | This means to dedicate something to a specific purpose. Alternate translation: “dedicate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1170 | 17:3 | sc6v | cast metal | 0 | metal that has been melted and poured into a mold to form a special shape | ||
| 1171 | 17:3 | ss9u | I restore it to you | 0 | Alternate translation: “I give it back to you” | ||
| 1172 | 17:4 | xsr8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | two hundred pieces of silver | 0 | “200 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1173 | 17:4 | r9hl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | they were placed in the house of Micah | 0 | The word “they” refers to the metal figures. This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Micah placed them in his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1174 | 17:5 | f5zy | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | a house of idols | 0 | This refers to a house used specifically for worshiping idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “a house for worshiping idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1175 | 17:6 | mxx3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | everyone did what was right in his own eyes | 0 | The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “each person did what he decided was right” or “each person did what he judged to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1176 | 17:7 | z9bc | of Bethlehem | 0 | Alternate translation: “from Bethlehem” | ||
| 1177 | 17:7 | u5wv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | of the clan of Judah | 0 | This means that he was living among the family of Judah, that is, the tribe of Judah. Alternate translation: “who was living among the tribe of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1178 | 17:7 | ktm7 | He stayed there to fulfill his duties | 0 | Alternate translation: “He lived and worked there” | ||
| 1179 | 17:8 | pd1z | find a place to live | 0 | Alternate translation: “find a different place to live” | ||
| 1180 | 17:9 | u9x8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | where I might live | 0 | It is implied that he is looking for a place to live and work. Alternate translation: “where I might live and have a job” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1181 | 17:10 | s5tz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | a father and a priest | 0 | The word “father” is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal father. Alternate translation: “an advisor and a priest” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1182 | 17:10 | mw13 | I will give you ten pieces of silver a year | 0 | Alternate translation: “I will give you ten pieces of silver each year” | ||
| 1183 | 17:10 | j73e | a suit of clothes | 0 | Alternate translation: “a set of clothes” | ||
| 1184 | 17:10 | tm7m | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | So the Levite went into his house | 0 | It is implied that the Levite accepted Micah’s offer, and therefore, entered Micah’s house. Alternate translation: “So the Levite accepted his offer and went into his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1185 | 17:11 | mvs9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | the young man became to Micah like one of his sons | 0 | The relationship between the Levite and Micah became like the close relationship between a father and son. Alternate translation: “the young man became close to Micah and was like one of his sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1186 | 17:12 | t9an | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Micah set apart the Levite | 0 | Here “set apart” means that Micah “dedicated” or “ordained” him. Alternate translation: “Micah dedicated the Levite” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1187 | 17:12 | s6d6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | was in Micah’s house | 0 | Here living in Micah’s house is spoken of as “being” in his house. Alternate translation: “lived in Micah’s house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1188 | 18:intro | y2ru | 0 | # Judges 18 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The tribe of Dan\n\nThe tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. In this chapter, they begin to conquer their land, but they also started to worship an idol. Their conquering of the land is much different than the other tribes’ victories. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]]) | |||
| 1189 | 18:1 | d1r4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent | In those days | 0 | This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) | |
| 1190 | 18:1 | w9qn | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | In those days … from among the tribes of Israel | 0 | This is background information about Israel and the people of the tribe of Dan. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1191 | 18:1 | g4f2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | not received any inheritance from | 0 | This refers specifically to land inherited where they would live. Alternate translation: “not received a land inheritance from” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1192 | 18:2 | f83t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | from the whole number of their tribe | 0 | The phrase “the whole number” refers to all of the men in the tribe. Alternate translation: “from among all of the men in their tribe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1193 | 18:2 | j6xd | experienced warriors | 0 | Alternate translation: “experienced fighters” | ||
| 1194 | 18:2 | jv96 | Zorah | 0 | See how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). | ||
| 1195 | 18:2 | cgy7 | Eshtaol | 0 | See how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md). | ||
| 1196 | 18:2 | wg6e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | to scout the land on foot | 0 | The phrase “on foot” means to walk. Alternate translation: “to scout the land by walking through it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1197 | 18:2 | bt98 | Micah | 0 | See how you translated this man’s name in [Judges 17:1](../17/01.md). | ||
| 1198 | 18:3 | c2tl | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | they recognized the speech of the young Levite | 0 | They recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here “speech” refers to his “voice.” Alternate translation: “they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1199 | 18:7 | i57p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Laish | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1200 | 18:7 | a8c9 | There was no one who conquered | 0 | Alternate translation: “There were no enemies living in their land who had conquered them” | ||
| 1201 | 18:7 | ch81 | had no dealings with anyone | 0 | “had no contact with any outsiders.” This means they lived far enough away from any other city that they lived secluded from other people. | ||
| 1202 | 18:8 | f5il | Zorah | 0 | Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). | ||
| 1203 | 18:8 | lih2 | Eshtaol | 0 | Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md). | ||
| 1204 | 18:9 | zpe9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Are you doing nothing? | 0 | This rhetorical question is asked sarcastically and means that they should be doing the opposite. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be acting now!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) | |
| 1205 | 18:9 | n8um | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives | Do not be slow to attack | 0 | These two negative words “not” and “slow” together emphasize the positive idea to attack quickly. Alternate translation: “Hurry! Attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) | |
| 1206 | 18:10 | r61z | the land is wide | 0 | “the land is large.” This is a description of the size of the land. | ||
| 1207 | 18:10 | ab9j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | that does not lack anything in the land | 0 | The men use a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that it is a very desirable place to live. Alternate translation: “where we will have everything there that we need” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 1208 | 18:10 | aj2l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives | that does not lack anything | 0 | The two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “has everything” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]) | |
| 1209 | 18:11 | b97l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | Six hundred men | 0 | “600 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1210 | 18:12 | z66i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Kiriath Jearim | 0 | This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1211 | 18:12 | q4cf | Mahaneh Dan | 0 | Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md). | ||
| 1212 | 18:12 | f453 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | to this day | 0 | This means that something remains the same. It refers to the “present” time. Alternate translation: “and that is still its name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1213 | 18:14 | l46p | Laish | 0 | Translate the name of this town the same as you did in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md). | ||
| 1214 | 18:14 | g3gr | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | in these houses there are an ephod, & metal figure? Decide … will do | 0 | The five men asked this question to suggest and encourage the men that they should steal the idols. This can be written as a statement, and the implied information may be given in a parenthetical phrase. Alternate translation: “these houses contain an ephod, … metal figure. (They were suggesting that the men steal these things.) Decide … will do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1215 | 18:14 | g8xi | in these houses there are | 0 | Alternate translation: “in one of these house there is” or “among these houses is” | ||
| 1216 | 18:15 | cx88 | they turned in there | 0 | Alternate translation: “they turned” | ||
| 1217 | 18:15 | tf6m | they greeted him | 0 | The word “him” refers to the Levite. | ||
| 1218 | 18:16 | m84v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | six hundred Danites | 0 | “600 Danites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1219 | 18:17 | a6nq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | six hundred men | 0 | “600 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1220 | 18:19 | fje7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Is it better for you to be priest for the house of one man … a clan in Israel? | 0 | They ask this as a rhetorical question to imply that it is true. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is better for you to be priest for a tribe and a clan in Israel than for just the house of one man.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1221 | 18:20 | z2bp | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | The priest’s heart was glad | 0 | Here the priest is referred to by his “heart” to emphasize his emotions. Alternate translation: “The priest was glad” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1222 | 18:21 | v31e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | They put the small children in front of themselves | 0 | They traveled this way to protect the children. If Micah and his people attacked them the would reach the warriors first and not the children. Alternate translation: “They put the small children in front of themselves to protect them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1223 | 18:21 | t33e | they turned | 0 | Alternate translation: “the Danites turned around” | ||
| 1224 | 18:22 | p9e2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | a good distance | 0 | “some distance.” This refers a short distance but one that is long enough to be considered as measurable progress. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1225 | 18:22 | l34e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | the men who were in the houses near Micah’s house were called together | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he called together the men who were in the houses near his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1226 | 18:22 | vkf1 | they caught up with the Danites | 0 | This implies that they ran after them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “running after the Danites, they caught up with them” | ||
| 1227 | 18:23 | c2k3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why have you been called together? | 0 | This question is a rebuke. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have called your men together to chase us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1228 | 18:23 | sbb8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | been called together | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “called these men together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1229 | 18:24 | dy7i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the gods that I made | 0 | Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them. Alternate translation: “the gods which I had made for me” or “the gods which a craftsman made for me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1230 | 18:24 | edz2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | What else do I have left? | 0 | Micah asks this question to emphasize that he no longer has the things that are important to him. Alternate translation: “I have nothing left.” or “You have taken everything that is important to me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1231 | 18:24 | i1v2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | How can you ask me, ‘What is bothering you?’ | 0 | Micah asks this question to emphasize that the Danites definitely know what is bothering him. Alternate translation: “You know that I am greatly distressed!’” or “You know how much I am bothered by what you have done to me!’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1232 | 18:25 | yzy3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | let us hear you say anything | 0 | The phrase “us hear you say” refers to the Danites hearing Micah speaking about what had happened, but it also includes if they are told by others that Micah had spoken about what had happened. Alternate translation: “let us find out that you have said anything” or “say anything about this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1233 | 18:25 | pgt9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | hear you say anything | 0 | The word “anything” refers to any information about the Danites coming to Micah’s house and stealing his idols. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “hear you say anything about this matter” or “hear you say anything about what has happened” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1234 | 18:25 | fqe4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | you and your family will be killed | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “kill you and your family” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1235 | 18:26 | g59x | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | went their way | 0 | This means that they continued on their journey. Alternate translation: “continued on their journey” or “continued travelling” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1236 | 18:26 | v6df | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | they were too strong for him | 0 | This refers to the Danites being too strong for Micah and his men to fight against. Alternate translation: “they were too strong for him and his men to fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1237 | 18:27 | k9py | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | what Micah had made | 0 | Micah did not make his gods, rather a craftsman made them for him. Also, If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the things that had been made for Micah” or “Micah’s things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1238 | 18:27 | fw33 | Laish | 0 | See how you translated this in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md). | ||
| 1239 | 18:27 | r1pv | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | with the edge of the sword | 0 | “with their swords.” Here “the sword” represents the swords and other weapons that the soldiers used in battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1240 | 18:28 | p5rb | they had no dealings with anyone | 0 | this means they lived far enough away from any other city, that they lived secluded from other people. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md). | ||
| 1241 | 18:28 | vw28 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Beth Rehob | 0 | This is a name of a town. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1242 | 18:30 | z23n | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Jonathan son of Gershom, son of Moses | 0 | This is the name of the young Levite who used to serve as priest for Micah. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The young Levite’s name was Jonathan the son of Gershom, son of Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1243 | 18:30 | myi7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | until the day of the land’s captivity | 0 | This refers to a time later on when the people of Dan would be captured by their enemies. Here the land being conquered is spoken of as if it were a prisoner taken captive by an enemy. Alternate translation: “until the day that their enemies conquered their land” or “until the day that their enemies took them captive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1244 | 18:31 | m78z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | that he made | 0 | Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate translation: “that had been made for him” or “that his craftsman made for him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1245 | 19:intro | gj7f | 0 | # Judges 19 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The sin of Benjamin\n\nPeople from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor’s wife to death. This was very evil, especially in the ancient Near East. The people of Israel considered mistreatment of a guest one of the worst crimes. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]]) | |||
| 1246 | 19:1 | akh7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent | In those days | 0 | This phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]]) | |
| 1247 | 19:1 | u1qs | remote | 0 | far from where most people live | ||
| 1248 | 19:2 | p37k | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | was unfaithful to him | 0 | This means that she was unfaithful in their relationship and that she began to sleep with other men. This can be stated explicitly if necessary. Alternate translation: “began to sleep with other men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1249 | 19:3 | e9q8 | His servant was with him, and a pair of donkeys | 0 | Alternate translation: “He took with him his servant and two donkeys” | ||
| 1250 | 19:4 | bhr2 | His father-in-law, the girl’s father, persuaded | 0 | Alternate translation: “His father-in-law, that is, the girl’s father, persuaded” or “The girl’s father persuaded” | ||
| 1251 | 19:4 | v2kw | persuaded him to stay | 0 | Alternate translation: “spoke to him so he decided to stay” | ||
| 1252 | 19:5 | in6x | he prepared | 0 | the Levite prepared | ||
| 1253 | 19:5 | kp5g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | Strengthen yourself with a bit of bread | 0 | Here “bread” refers to “food.” Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1254 | 19:6 | j88k | Please be willing to spend the night | 0 | Alternate translation: “Please stay another night” | ||
| 1255 | 19:8 | a9ur | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Strengthen yourself, and wait until the afternoon | 0 | The father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1256 | 19:9 | lvj4 | now the day is advancing toward evening | 0 | Alternate translation: “the day is almost over” or “it is almost evening” | ||
| 1257 | 19:10 | amf9 | that is Jerusalem | 0 | Alternate translation: “which was later called Jerusalem” | ||
| 1258 | 19:11 | l8er | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Come, let us | 0 | This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1259 | 19:11 | k4l3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | turn aside to | 0 | This means to take a break from their journey and stop somewhere along the route. Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1260 | 19:12 | yc4v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | turn aside into | 0 | This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: “stop at” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1261 | 19:13 | mke2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | Come, let us | 0 | This is an idiom used to make a suggestion. Alternate translation: “I suggest that we” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1262 | 19:15 | fgr6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | turned aside | 0 | This means to take a break from their journey and stop at a place along the route. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Judges 19:11](../19/11.md). Alternate translation: “stopped” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1263 | 19:15 | bqt5 | the city square | 0 | the marketplace where people gathered during the day | ||
| 1264 | 19:15 | w9ny | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | took them into his house | 0 | This phrase means for someone to invite them to spend the night in their home. Alternate translation: “invited them to stay in their house for that night” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1265 | 19:16 | z1l2 | Benjamites | 0 | A Benjamite was a descendant of Benjamin. See how you translated the name of this people group in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). | ||
| 1266 | 19:17 | lsd3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | He raised his eyes | 0 | Here the man looked up and paid attention to what was around him. Alternate translation: “He looked up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1267 | 19:17 | h3nh | the city square | 0 | the marketplace where people gathered during the day. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:14](../19/14.md). | ||
| 1268 | 19:18 | jzg4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | who will take me into his house | 0 | This phrase refers to someone inviting other people into his house to spend the night there. Alternate translation: “who has invited me to stay in his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1269 | 19:18 | c5ti | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | will take me | 0 | Here the Levite says “me,” but he is actually referring to himself along with his servant and his concubine. Alternate translation: “will take us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1270 | 19:19 | he3w | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | there is bread and wine | 0 | Change to active voice. Alternate translation: “we have plenty of bread and wine” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1271 | 19:19 | gw93 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person | me and your female servant here, and for this young man with your servants | 0 | The Levite speaks of himself and the others as servants and in the third person to show respect. Alternate translation: “me, my concubine, and my servant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]) | |
| 1272 | 19:19 | w8hb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes | We lack nothing | 0 | This can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “We have everything we need” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) | |
| 1273 | 19:20 | ep3p | Only do not | 0 | “Do not.” The word “only” is used here to emphasize what he did not want the Levite to do. | ||
| 1274 | 19:20 | jm1p | square | 0 | This refers to the city square. See how you translated this [Judges 19:17](../19/17.md). | ||
| 1275 | 19:21 | z5ah | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | brought the Levite into his house | 0 | This means that he invited the Levite to spend the night in his house. Also, by inviting the Levite he was inviting the man’s concubine and servant as well. Alternate translation: “invited the Levite and his servants to stay in his house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1276 | 19:22 | dx6j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | they were making their hearts glad | 0 | The phrase “making their hearts glad” is an idiom that means to have a good time with someone else. Alternate translation: “they were have a good time together” or “they were enjoying themselves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1277 | 19:22 | q1dh | some men of … surrounded the house | 0 | Some men stood on all sides of the house. | ||
| 1278 | 19:24 | k4nm | See | 0 | This word is used to get the peoples’ attention. Alternate translation: “Listen” | ||
| 1279 | 19:25 | lk3t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | the men would not listen to him | 0 | Here the author speaks of “agreeing” as if it were “listening.” Alternate translation: “the men would not accept his offer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1280 | 19:25 | ty8i | the man seized his concubine | 0 | there could be confusion as to the identity of the man. Alternate translation: “the Levite seized his concubine” | ||
| 1281 | 19:25 | d28f | at dawn | 0 | “when the sun was coming up” or “at first light” This refers to when the sun begins to rise. | ||
| 1282 | 19:26 | irp4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | it was light | 0 | This refers to morning when it is bright outside. Alternate translation: “the sun was fully risen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1283 | 19:28 | gk5s | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | But there was no answer | 0 | The woman did not answer because she was dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “But she did not answer because she was dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1284 | 19:29 | r79a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | limb by limb | 0 | “section by section.” The author uses this graphic description of how the Levite cut up her body into specific pieces to emphasize what he did. “Limbs” refers to a person’s arms and legs. If there is not a similar phrase in your language, this description may be left out of the translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1285 | 19:29 | fx7u | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twelve pieces | 0 | “12 pieces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1286 | 19:29 | xd3i | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | sent the pieces everywhere throughout Israel | 0 | This means that he sent the different pieces to twelve different areas of Israel. Alternate translation: “sent each piece to a different place throughout Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1287 | 20:intro | lla1 | 0 | # Judges 20 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Benjamin destroyed\n\nThe army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant. | |||
| 1288 | 20:1 | wg4p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | as one man | 0 | This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. It refers to a group of who people do everything together in the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1289 | 20:1 | jp6a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism | from Dan to Beersheba | 0 | This refers to the land as a whole. Alternate translation: “from all the eleven tribes” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]]) | |
| 1290 | 20:2 | ze7s | God—400,000 men on foot | 0 | Alternate translation: “God and also 400,000 regular soldiers came” | ||
| 1291 | 20:2 | hzs8 | ready to fight | 0 | “capable of going to war.” They were not going to fight each other. | ||
| 1292 | 20:3 | sl7g | Now | 0 | This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author of the book tells background information about what the people of Benjamin knew. | ||
| 1293 | 20:3 | x8r4 | had gone up to Mizpah | 0 | Mizpah was located high in the mountains. | ||
| 1294 | 20:4 | sa27 | to spend the night | 0 | Alternate translation: “for the night” or “to stay for a night” | ||
| 1295 | 20:6 | gkc4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys | wickedness and outrage | 0 | The word “outrage” describes the “wickedness.” Alternate translation: “outrageous wickedness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]) | |
| 1296 | 20:7 | h9h3 | Now | 0 | This word is used to introduce the conclusion of the speech of the Levite. | ||
| 1297 | 20:7 | wp5t | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet | give your advice and counsel here | 0 | The words “advice” and “counsel” refer to the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “decide what we need to do about this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) | |
| 1298 | 20:8 | s9g2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile | as one | 0 | This simile speaks of the group as acting as a single person. They all acted together in exactly the same way. Alternate translation: “as if they were a single man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) | |
| 1299 | 20:8 | s835 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism | None of us will go to his tent … none of us will return to his house | 0 | These two clauses say basically the same thing twice for emphasis. They can be combined. The words “none … go” and “none … return” emphasizes how the people will continue to stay there. They can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “We will all stay here” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) | |
| 1300 | 20:9 | xy7l | But now | 0 | These words introduce the main portion of what the people say after the initial exclamation. | ||
| 1301 | 20:9 | l369 | as the lot directs | 0 | This involved tossing or rolling small marked stones to determine what God wants. | ||
| 1302 | 20:10 | wsa9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | ten men of a hundred … one hundred of a thousand … one thousand of ten thousand | 0 | “10 men out of 100 … 100 out of 1,000 … 1,000 out of 10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1303 | 20:10 | mm9k | provisions | 0 | food and other things the people need | ||
| 1304 | 20:11 | wfs1 | assembled against the city | 0 | Alternate translation: “came together to attack the city” | ||
| 1305 | 20:13 | m9f5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | put them to death | 0 | This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “kill them” or “execute them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1306 | 20:13 | n1zx | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the voice of their brothers | 0 | Here “voice” refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate translation: “what their brother said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1307 | 20:15 | s9ku | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-six thousand | 0 | “26,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1308 | 20:15 | g1vk | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | seven hundred | 0 | “700” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1309 | 20:16 | a8xm | left-handed | 0 | A left-handed person is someone who is more skilled with their left hand than with their right hand. | ||
| 1310 | 20:16 | u1tj | could sling a stone at a hair and not miss | 0 | This show how amazingly well they could aim and hit their target. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “could throw a stone at even a hair and hit it” or “could throw a stone at something as small as a hair and hit it” | ||
| 1311 | 20:17 | apy5 | not counting | 0 | Alternate translation: “not including” | ||
| 1312 | 20:17 | g8sz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 400,000 | 0 | “four hundred thousand men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1313 | 20:18 | w2v7 | asked for advice from God | 0 | Alternate translation: “asked God what to do” or “asked God how to continue” | ||
| 1314 | 20:19 | k8jq | moved their camp near Gibeah | 0 | There is some question about the meaning of the Hebrew text. Instead of meaning that they set up their camp near Gibeah, it could mean that the army went out and stood across from Gibeah ready to fight. | ||
| 1315 | 20:21 | vj4c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-two thousand | 0 | “22,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1316 | 20:22 | cr9j | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | strengthened themselves | 0 | Here “strengthened” is an idiom that means they encouraged each other. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1317 | 20:22 | wb6t | they formed the battle line | 0 | This probably means that the Israelites prepared their battle lines for the next day’s fighting. Alternate translation: “they got ready to fight the next day” | ||
| 1318 | 20:23 | cpc2 | they sought direction from Yahweh | 0 | The method they used is not stated. The priest may have cast lots to determine God’s will. | ||
| 1319 | 20:25 | t59r | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | eighteen thousand | 0 | “18,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1320 | 20:26 | y97x | before Yahweh | 0 | Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence” or “to Yahweh” | ||
| 1321 | 20:27 | usm6 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those days | 0 | This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1322 | 20:27 | cs7a | was there in those days | 0 | Alternate translation: “was at Bethel in those days” | ||
| 1323 | 20:28 | ly8e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | and Phinehas … was serving before the ark in those days | 0 | This is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1324 | 20:28 | d9ma | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | was serving before the ark | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “was serving as priest before the ark” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1325 | 20:28 | w427 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | Attack | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Attack the army of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1326 | 20:29 | f7uq | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | Israel set men | 0 | Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1327 | 20:29 | k5i5 | secret places | 0 | Alternate translation: “in ambush” | ||
| 1328 | 20:31 | t9eh | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | fought against the people | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “fought against the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1329 | 20:31 | d8me | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | they were drawn away from the city | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel drew them away from the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1330 | 20:31 | z77c | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | They began to kill some of the people | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Benjamin began to kill some of the men of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1331 | 20:32 | e81w | just as at first | 0 | Alternate translation: “just as before” or “just like the first two times” | ||
| 1332 | 20:33 | a2ik | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Baal Tamar | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1333 | 20:33 | swx2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Maareh Gibeah | 0 | This is the name of a place. Other translations may read “fields of Gibeah” or “west of Gibeah” or “Maareh Geba.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1334 | 20:34 | de7z | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | ten thousand | 0 | “10,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1335 | 20:34 | wk8a | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | chosen men | 0 | This is an idiom that means these were particularly good soldiers. Alternate translation: “well-trained soldier” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1336 | 20:34 | p4k5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | disaster was close to them | 0 | Here immanent disaster is spoken of as if it was standing very close by them. Alternate translation: “they would soon be completely defeated” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1337 | 20:35 | bt91 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | 25,100 men | 0 | “twenty-five thousand one hundred men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1338 | 20:36 | mrd4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | The men of Israel had given ground to Benjamin, because they were counting on the men … outside Gibeah | 0 | From this sentence until the end of verse 41 is background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1339 | 20:36 | i3ru | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | had given ground to Benjamin | 0 | This is an idiom that means they intentionally retreated. Alternate translation: “had allowed Benjamin to move forward” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1340 | 20:36 | sq9e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | they were counting on the men | 0 | This is an idiom that means they trusted their men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1341 | 20:39 | t29b | would turn from the battle | 0 | Alternate translation: “would retreat from the fight” | ||
| 1342 | 20:39 | vbr9 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | they are defeated before us | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “we have defeated them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1343 | 20:41 | ltm1 | disaster | 0 | great harm, trouble, misery | ||
| 1344 | 20:41 | jg8p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | come on them | 0 | This idiom means it happened to them. Alternate translation: “happened to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1345 | 20:42 | pdp2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification | But the fighting overtook them | 0 | This speaks about fighting as if it were a person who could overtake someone. Alternate translation: “But the soldiers of Israel caught up to them” or “But they were not able to escape the fighting” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) | |
| 1346 | 20:43 | xh56 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Nohah | 0 | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1347 | 20:43 | cis4 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | trampled them down | 0 | The completed destruction of the Benjamites is spoken of as if the Israelites stomped on their bodies. Alternate translation: “they completely destroyed them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1348 | 20:44 | jd79 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | eighteen thousand | 0 | “18,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1349 | 20:44 | c8tw | were distinguished in battle | 0 | Alternate translation: “had fought bravely in the battle” | ||
| 1350 | 20:45 | akn8 | They turned and fled | 0 | Alternate translation: “The remaining Benjamites turned and fled” | ||
| 1351 | 20:45 | e3cs | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | five thousand … two thousand | 0 | “5,000 … 2,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1352 | 20:45 | y3ry | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Gidom | 0 | This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1353 | 20:46 | d674 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twenty-five thousand | 0 | “25,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1354 | 20:47 | h1ci | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | six hundred | 0 | “600” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1355 | 20:48 | h7m3 | turned back against the people of Benjamin | 0 | These people of Benjamin are not the soldiers who fled to the rock of Rimmon, but the ones who were still in the city. | ||
| 1356 | 20:48 | l4rw | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy | the city | 0 | Here “the city” refers to the people in that city. Alternate translation: “everyone who was in the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) | |
| 1357 | 20:48 | ue39 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom | in their path | 0 | This idiom refers to everything that they found as they went toward the city. Alternate translation: “they came to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) | |
| 1358 | 21:intro | bf76 | 0 | # Judges 21 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter concludes the account of the previous chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Sin and immorality\n\nAt the end of Judges, there is much sin and immorality. The people are doing wrong and fixing their wrongs by doing more evil things. This period of Judges is typified by this final account and summarized by the statement, “everyone did what was right in his own eyes.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]]) | |||
| 1359 | 21:1 | w65e | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | Now the men of Israel had made a promise … marry a Benjamite.” | 0 | This background information tells the reader about the promise that the Israelites made before the battle with the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1360 | 21:1 | rw2t | Benjamite | 0 | This is the name of the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). | ||
| 1361 | 21:3 | q8cb | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion | Why, Yahweh, God of Israel, has this happened to Israel, that one of our tribes should be missing today? | 0 | The people of Israel used this rhetorical question to express their deep sadness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Oh Yahweh, we are so sad that one of the tribes of Israel has been completely destroyed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) | |
| 1362 | 21:5 | xs35 | The people of Israel said, “Which of all the tribes of Israel did not come up in the assembly to Yahweh?” | 0 | The people are referring back to the assembly of the Israelites at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites. | ||
| 1363 | 21:5 | p72f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | For they had made an important promise concerning anyone who did not come up to Yahweh at Mizpah. They said, “He would certainly be put to death.” | 0 | This is background information to explain to the reader the promise that the Israelites had made at Mizpah before they attacked the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1364 | 21:5 | flc8 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | He would certainly be put to death | 0 | Here “He” refers to anyone who did not go to Mizpah. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We will certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1365 | 21:6 | yb7g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | their brother Benjamin | 0 | This speaks of the tribe of Benjamin as if it were Israel’s brother to show their closeness to the tribe. Alternate translation: “the surviving Benjamites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) | |
| 1366 | 21:6 | j93p | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | one tribe has been cut off from Israel | 0 | The destruction of the tribe of Benjamin is spoken of as if it had been cut off from Israel by a knife. This was an exaggeration because 600 men were still left. However, the women of Benjamin had been killed, so the future of the tribe was in question. Alternate translation: “one tribe has been removed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 1367 | 21:7 | dms9 | Who will provide wives for those who are left, since we have made a promise to Yahweh that we will not let any of them marry our daughters? | 0 | The Israelites wanted to provide wives for the few surviving Benjamites, but their promise at Mizpah prevented them from doing that. | ||
| 1368 | 21:8 | vtf2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Jabesh Gilead | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1369 | 21:9 | jyg7 | people were set out in an orderly manner | 0 | Alternate translation: “people that were assembled at Mizpah were accounted for” | ||
| 1370 | 21:9 | qs2v | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead were there | 0 | This refers back to the earlier assembly at Mizpah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had been present at Mizpah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1371 | 21:10 | p52b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | twelve thousand | 0 | “12,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1372 | 21:10 | qw5x | strike the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead with the edge of the sword, including the women and children | 0 | The next verse will add an exception to this general instruction. | ||
| 1373 | 21:10 | ajh8 | strike … with the edge of the sword | 0 | Alternate translation: “kill … with their swords” | ||
| 1374 | 21:12 | n2u2 | Jabesh Gilead | 0 | This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md). | ||
| 1375 | 21:12 | ani7 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers | four hundred young women | 0 | “400 young women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) | |
| 1376 | 21:12 | w47b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism | who had not known a man by lying with him | 0 | This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “who had not had sexual relations with a man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]) | |
| 1377 | 21:13 | c39b | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | they were offering them peace | 0 | If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **peace**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “they wanted to stop fighting with them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 1378 | 21:14 | h1ad | Jabesh Gilead | 0 | This is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md). | ||
| 1379 | 21:14 | iu7g | there were not enough women for all of them | 0 | There were six hundred Benjamite men, and only four hundred women from Jabesh Gilead. | ||
| 1380 | 21:15 | v114 | made a division between the tribes of Israel | 0 | Alternate translation: “had caused the tribes of Israel not to be unified” | ||
| 1381 | 21:16 | sc2b | Benjamites | 0 | This refers to the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md). | ||
| 1382 | 21:16 | rgy2 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive | the women of Benjamin have been killed | 0 | If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “we killed all the Benjamite women” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) | |
| 1383 | 21:17 | mk7l | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole | There must be an inheritance … is not destroyed from Israel | 0 | The Israelites are exaggerating. They had already given wives to four hundred of the Benjamites, so the tribe would not be completely destroyed. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]) | |
| 1384 | 21:18 | qnk3 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche | a wife to Benjamin | 0 | Here Benjamin refers to the male descendants of Benjamin. Alternate translation: “a wife to the men of Benjamin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) | |
| 1385 | 21:19 | u453 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background | which is north of Bethel, east of the road that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of Lebonah | 0 | This is background information to explain to the reader where the city of Shiloh is located. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]]) | |
| 1386 | 21:19 | m2hz | rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names | Lebonah | 0 | This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) | |
| 1387 | 21:21 | am3f | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | each one of you should grab a wife … go back to the land of Benjamin | 0 | It is understood that the Benjamites would take these women back to their own land with them. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “each one of you should seize one of the girls of Shiloh, and then take her back with you to the land of Benjamin to become your wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1388 | 21:22 | z5gg | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns | Show us favor | 0 | If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **favor**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Act kindly toward us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) | |
| 1389 | 21:22 | zsi5 | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit | because we did not get wives for each man during the war | 0 | The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “because we did not get wives for each of them during the war with Jabesh Gilead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) | |
| 1390 | 21:22 | pcc6 | You are innocent … not give your daughters to them | 0 | This refers to the men of Shiloh. They did not voluntarily give their daughters to the Benjamites, and therefore did not break their promise not to do that. | ||
| 1391 | 21:23 | ng9r | the number of wives that they needed | 0 | This refers to one wife for each of the two hundred Benjamite men who did not receive wives from Jabesh Gilead ([Judges 21:14](../21/14.md)). | ||
| 1392 | 21:25 | b8xe | there was no king in Israel | 0 | Alternate translation: “Israel did not yet have a king” | ||
| 1393 | 21:25 | d46g | rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor | what was right in his own eyes | 0 | The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what he judged to be right” or “what he considered to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |