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Sanballat sent his servant to me in the same way the fifth time
Identifying this message separately means it is distinct in some way from the previous four messages and, therefore, should be noted. AT: "Sanballat sent his servant to me the fifth time"
an open letter
The letter was an unsealed diplomatic communication. This was an insult to the recipient because the courier was free to read it and spread its contents among the people of the region.
in his hand
AT: "in his possession"
It is reported among the nations that
AT: "The rumor in the region is that" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
you and the Jews are planning to rebel, for that is why you are rebuilding the wall. From what these reports say, you are about to become their king
Nehemiah is accused of plotting treachery against his benefactor, Artaxerxes, the Persian king whom Nehemiah served as cupbearer. (See: Nehemiah 2:1)
for that is why you are rebuilding
AT: "and that is why you are rebuilding"