richmahn_en_tn/jer/48/39.md

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How it has been shattered! How they howl in their lamenting!

Here "How" begins exclamations. The phrase "has been shattered" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have completely shattered them! They shout loudly and weep!" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

howl

a sad and loud cry that a person makes when he is in pain

Moab turns its back in shame

Here Moab represents the people. To turn one's back is a sign of feeling ashamed. Alternate translation: "The people of Moab turn their backs in shame" or "The people of Moab are ashamed and will not show their faces" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction)

So Moab will become an object of derision and a terror to all those who are around him

This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "derision" and "terror." Alternate translation: "So all the people nearby will be terrified at what happened to the people of Moab and they will mock them" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)