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@ -599,14 +599,13 @@ GAL 4 23 s2pc figs-explicit κατὰ σάρκα 1 Here, the phrase **according
GAL 4 23 wjvp grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast. It is introducing a contrast between Ishmael, **the one** who **was born from the slave girl according to the flesh** and Isaac, who was born **from the free woman, through promise**. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
GAL 4 23 qnl9 figs-explicit δι’ ἐπαγγελίας 1 Here, the phrase **through promise** means “through God’s promise to Abraham” and refers to God supernaturally intervening and enabling Abraham’s wife Sarah (**the free woman**) to become pregnant in order to fulfill his **promise** to Abraham. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “through God’s promise to Abraham” or “was conceived supernaturally as a result of what God had promised Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 4 23 e2i9 ἐπαγγελίας 1 See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
GAL 4 24 jfuz figs-explicit ἅτινά 1 **These things** refers to the **things** Paul has just described in [4:22-23](../04/22.md) regarding Abraham, his two sons, and Hagar and Sarah. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “These events I have just described to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 4 24 jfuz figs-explicit ἅτινά 1 **These things** refers to the **things** Paul has just described in [4:22-23](../04/22.md) regarding Abraham, his two sons, and Hagar and Sarah. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “These events I have just described to you” or “These things I have just described to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 4 24 rilp figs-activepassive ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “he” is doing it. Alternate translation: “I am speaking of these things allegorically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
GAL 4 24 k5qu ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα 1 as an allegory An **allegory** is a story in which things within the story, are interpreted as representing something else, such as spiritual truths and realities. In this allegory, the two women referred to in [4:22](../04/22.md) represent two different covenants. If your language has a word or phrase to describe what an **allegory** is you can use that here. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you can describe what an allegory is in your translation. Alternate translation: “I am speaking of these things in order to teach you a spiritual truth” or “I am speaking of these things in order to use them as an analogy so that I can teach you an important truth”
GAL 4 24 b120 figs-explicit αὗται 1 Here, the word **they** refers to Sarah and Hagar. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “these women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 4 24 mfa9 διαθῆκαι 1 See how you translated the word “covenant” in [3:15](../03/15.md).
GAL 4 24 mt7j μία 1 The word **One** here could refer to: (1) the covenant which God made at Mount Sinai which resulted in spiritual slavery. Alternate translation: “One covenant” (2) Hagar in which case Paul means that she corresponds to Mount Sinai (See [4:25](../04/25.md)) and gave birth to children destined for slavery. Alternate translation: “One woman”
GAL 4 24 u4hr figs-synecdoche Ὄρους Σινά 1 Mount Sinai Paul uses **Mount Sinai** to refer to the law that Moses gave to the Israelites there. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use plain language to express this. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, where Moses received the law and gave it to Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
GAL 4 24 u3u9 figs-personification εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα 1 she gives birth to children who are slaves Paul speaks of the law of Moses as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “The people under this covenant are like slaves who have to obey the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
GAL 4 24 aani figs-metaphor εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα 1 Paul speaks of the law of Moses “producing” or “resulting in” something as if the process of “producing” were **giving birth**. Paul speaks of the “spiritual bondage” of being under the law of Moses as if it were **slavery**. Paul is saying the the law of Moses “produces spiritual slavery.” If your readers would not understand what **giving birth** or **slavery** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and produces spiritual slavery” or “and results in spiritual slavery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
GAL 4 25 u1cc συνστοιχεῖ 1 she represents Alternate translation: “represents” or “is similar”.
GAL 4 25 ck7v figs-metaphor δουλεύει…μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 she is in slavery with her children Hagar is a slave and her children are slaves with her. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem, like Hagar, is a slave, and her children are slaves with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
599 GAL 4 23 wjvp grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast. It is introducing a contrast between Ishmael, **the one** who **was born from the slave girl according to the flesh** and Isaac, who was born **from the free woman, through promise**. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
600 GAL 4 23 qnl9 figs-explicit δι’ ἐπαγγελίας 1 Here, the phrase **through promise** means “through God’s promise to Abraham” and refers to God supernaturally intervening and enabling Abraham’s wife Sarah (**the free woman**) to become pregnant in order to fulfill his **promise** to Abraham. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “through God’s promise to Abraham” or “was conceived supernaturally as a result of what God had promised Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
601 GAL 4 23 e2i9 ἐπαγγελίας 1 See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
602 GAL 4 24 jfuz figs-explicit ἅτινά 1 **These things** refers to the **things** Paul has just described in [4:22-23](../04/22.md) regarding Abraham, his two sons, and Hagar and Sarah. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “These events I have just described to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) **These things** refers to the **things** Paul has just described in [4:22-23](../04/22.md) regarding Abraham, his two sons, and Hagar and Sarah. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “These events I have just described to you” or “These things I have just described to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
603 GAL 4 24 rilp figs-activepassive ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “he” is doing it. Alternate translation: “I am speaking of these things allegorically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
604 GAL 4 24 k5qu ἅτινά ἐστιν ἀλληγορούμενα 1 as an allegory An **allegory** is a story in which things within the story, are interpreted as representing something else, such as spiritual truths and realities. In this allegory, the two women referred to in [4:22](../04/22.md) represent two different covenants. If your language has a word or phrase to describe what an **allegory** is you can use that here. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you can describe what an allegory is in your translation. Alternate translation: “I am speaking of these things in order to teach you a spiritual truth” or “I am speaking of these things in order to use them as an analogy so that I can teach you an important truth”
605 GAL 4 24 b120 figs-explicit αὗται 1 Here, the word **they** refers to Sarah and Hagar. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “these women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
606 GAL 4 24 mfa9 διαθῆκαι 1 See how you translated the word “covenant” in [3:15](../03/15.md).
607 GAL 4 24 mt7j μία 1 The word **One** here could refer to: (1) the covenant which God made at Mount Sinai which resulted in spiritual slavery. Alternate translation: “One covenant” (2) Hagar in which case Paul means that she corresponds to Mount Sinai (See [4:25](../04/25.md)) and gave birth to children destined for slavery. Alternate translation: “One woman”
608 GAL 4 24 u4hr figs-synecdoche Ὄρους Σινά 1 Mount Sinai Paul uses **Mount Sinai** to refer to the law that Moses gave to the Israelites there. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use plain language to express this. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, where Moses received the law and gave it to Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
GAL 4 24 u3u9 figs-personification εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα 1 she gives birth to children who are slaves Paul speaks of the law of Moses as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “The people under this covenant are like slaves who have to obey the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
609 GAL 4 24 aani figs-metaphor εἰς δουλείαν γεννῶσα 1 Paul speaks of the law of Moses “producing” or “resulting in” something as if the process of “producing” were **giving birth**. Paul speaks of the “spiritual bondage” of being under the law of Moses as if it were **slavery**. Paul is saying the the law of Moses “produces spiritual slavery.” If your readers would not understand what **giving birth** or **slavery** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “and produces spiritual slavery” or “and results in spiritual slavery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
610 GAL 4 25 u1cc συνστοιχεῖ 1 she represents Alternate translation: “represents” or “is similar”.
611 GAL 4 25 ck7v figs-metaphor δουλεύει…μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 she is in slavery with her children Hagar is a slave and her children are slaves with her. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem, like Hagar, is a slave, and her children are slaves with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])