2021-08-08 11:52:09 +00:00
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### 不定詞綜覽
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不定詞 (infinitive) 是動詞和形容詞的結合體,兼具二者的特質。
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因為是動詞,所以有時態 (tense)、語態 (voice);因為是名詞
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不定詞的這兩種特質,有時候動詞的部分會比較凸顯,有時候形容詞的部分會比較凸顯——但不論如何,這兩種特質在不定詞身上都永遠存在,差別只是強弱的不同。
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2021-08-09 03:49:35 +00:00
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困難在於:(1) 不定詞雖然是名詞,但本身並沒有格數性,必須靠前面的冠詞才能判斷;(2) 即便前面有冠詞,但因為冠詞都是用中性單數,主格c、直接受格 (τό) 字形相同,還需要解經才能決定。只有間接受格 (τῷ)、所有格 (τοῦ) 才可以明顯區別。
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2021-08-08 11:52:09 +00:00
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### 不定詞類別
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- 從屬用法 Dependent Uses
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2021-08-09 01:49:34 +00:00
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- Substantival Infinitive (名詞用法不定詞)
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2021-08-12 03:04:41 +00:00
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- Articular (有冠詞)
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- [介系詞+冠詞+不定詞 §56.1](§56.1.md)
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- [冠詞+不定詞 §56.2](§56.2.md)
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- 所有格冠詞 (τοῦ)+不定詞
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- 當副詞用 (purpose/result)
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- 當名詞用 (describing/defining 其他名詞) = apposition/epexegetical (W606)
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- 主格冠詞 (τό)+不定詞
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- 直接受格冠詞 (τό)+不定詞
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2021-08-12 04:04:41 +00:00
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- Phi 2:13
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2021-08-12 03:04:41 +00:00
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- 間接受格格冠詞 (τῷ)+不定詞
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- 2Cor 2:13
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- five more in the Septuagint (2 Chr 28:22; Eccl 1:16; 4 Macc 17:20-21 ter)
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- Anarthrous (無冠詞)
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- Subject (主語)
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- General Verb (一般動詞)
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- Impersonal Verb (無人稱動詞)
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- Complement (補語)
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- General Verb (一般動詞)
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2021-08-09 01:49:34 +00:00
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- Linking Verb (聯繫動詞)
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- Helper Verb () = Catenative
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- Verbs of Perception/Communication = Indirect Discourse (間接引述)
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2021-08-12 03:04:41 +00:00
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- Apposition、Epexegetical
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2021-08-08 11:52:09 +00:00
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- Verbal Infinitive (動詞用法不定詞) = Adverbial Participle (副詞用法不定詞)
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2021-08-09 01:49:34 +00:00
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- Independent Uses (獨立用法)
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2021-08-08 11:52:09 +00:00
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2021-08-09 03:49:35 +00:00
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2021-08-11 00:13:29 +00:00
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### 統計
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- 2289 infinitives
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- 1965 anarthrous
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2021-08-11 01:13:29 +00:00
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- ὡς 5
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- ὡστε 61
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- πρίν 8
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- πρὶν ἤ 3
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2021-08-11 00:13:29 +00:00
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- 324 articular
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2021-08-11 01:13:29 +00:00
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- w/ preposition 200
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- w/o preposition 124
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2021-08-09 03:49:35 +00:00
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2021-08-08 11:52:09 +00:00
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---
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2022-04-12 23:31:28 +00:00
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IGG Chapter 9 分類:
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- 1) Substantival Function
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- 1.1) Subject
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- 1.1.1) with personal verbs
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- 1.1.2) with impersonal verbs
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- e.g. δεῖ, ἔξστιν
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- 1.2) Predicate Complement
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- e.g. εἰμί
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- 1.3) complement
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- 1.3.1) direct object
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- 1.3.2) catenative/complementary
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- e.g. ἄρχομαι, βούλομαι, δύναμαι, ἔχω, ζητέω, θέλω, μέλλω, ὀφείλω
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- 1.3.3 indirect discourse
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- e.g. δοκέω, ἐλπίζω, ἐρωτάω, κελεύω, κρίνω, λέγω, νομίζω, παρακαλέω
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- 1.4) Appositive
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- 1.5) with Preposition
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- 1.5.1) time
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- 1.5.2) purpose/result
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- 1.5.3) cause/reason
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- 1.5.4) means
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- 1.5.5) substitution
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- 2) Verbal Function
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- 2.1) Adverbial
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- 2.1.1) with verbs
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- 2.1.2) with adjectives
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- 2.2) Verbal
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- 2.2.1) Imperitival
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- 2.2.2) Absolute
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- 3) Adjectival (Epexegetical)
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---
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