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From PDF Lamentations

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Henry Whitney 2019-03-07 11:58:34 -05:00
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lam/04/06.md
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# The punishment of the daughter of my people is greater than that of Sodom
# The iniquity of the daughter of my people is greater than the sin of Sodom
The abstract noun "punishment" can be expressed with the verb "punish." Alternate translation: "The daughter of my people has been punished more severely than Sodom was punished"
Possible meanings are 1) "the daughter of my people has sinned worse than the people of Sodom sinned" or 2) the words "iniquity" and "sin" are metonyms for the punishment for iniquity and sin: "Yahweh has punished the daughter of my people worse than he punished the people of Sodom." (See [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# the daughter of my people
@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ The word "which" refers to Sodom. This can be stated in active form. Alternate t
# no hands were wrung for her
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one wrung their hands for her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
Possible meanings are 1) people wringing their hands is a metaphor for people who are worried or sad because of what has happened, so no one was sad about what happened to her, or 2) the phrase "wrung for" should be translated "turned against," meaning that only Yahweh, and no people, harmed her, or 3) the phrase "wrung for" should be translated "turned toward," meaning that no people helped her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# no hands were wrung for her
People sometimes rub and twist their hands when they are worried and cannot fix something, so wringing the hands here represents worrying. The word "her" refers to Jerusalem, which was called "the daughter of my people." Alternate translation: "no one was worried about her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# her
Possible meanings are that this is a metaphor for 1) Sodom or 2) Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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lam/04/09.md
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# Those who have been killed by the sword
# Those slain by the sword
Here the "sword" represents an enemy's attack. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Those whom enemy soldiers have killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# are better than
"are happier than" or "do not suffer as much as"
# those killed by hunger
Here "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those who starved to death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])

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lam/04/10.md
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Here the women are represented by their "hands." Because they were so hungry, wo
# they became their food
"their children became the women's food"
"their children became the women's food." If your language has a word for food that a person eats when he is ill or very sad, consider using it here.
# the daughter of my people was