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Revelation 21 General Notes
Structure and formatting
This chapter gives a detailed picture of the new Jerusalem.
Special concepts in this chapter
Second death
Death is a type of separation. The first death is physically dying, when the soul is separated from the body. The second death is being eternally separated from God. (See: rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/death and rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/soul and rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity)
Important figures of speech in this chapter
Book of Life
This is a metaphor for eternal life. Those possessing eternal life are said to have their names written in this Book of Life. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
New heaven and new earth
It is unclear whether this is an entirely new heaven and earth or if it is remade out of the present heaven and earth. The same is also true of the new Jerusalem. It is possible this will affect translation in some languages. The word "new" in the original language means different and better than the old. It does not mean new in time.