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Above all, my brothers,
"This is important, may brothers:" or "Especially, my brothers,"
my brothers
This refers to all believers including women. AT: "my fellow believers" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations)
do not swear
To "swear" is to say that you will do something, or that something is true, and to be held accountable by a higher authority. AT: "do not make an oath" or "do not make a vow"
either by heaven or by the earth
The words "heaven" and "earth" refer to the spiritual or human authorities that are in heaven and earth. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
let your "Yes" mean "Yes" and your "No" mean "No,"
"do what you say you will do, or say that something is true, without making an oath"
so you do not fall under judgment
Being condemned is spoken of as if one had fallen, crushed by the weight of something heavy. AT: "so God will not punish you" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)