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You must certainly keep Yahweh's Sabbath days
God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. AT: "You must certainly obey Yahweh's instructions about the Sabbath" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
throughout your people's generations
"through all the generations of your descendants." See how you translated this in Exodus 12:14.
who sets you apart for himself
God speaks of choosing people to be his as setting them apart for himself. AT: "who has chosen you to be his people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
for it must be treated by you as holy
This can be stated in active form. AT: "for you must treat it as holy" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
Everyone who defiles it
God speaks of treating the Sabbath with disrespect as defiling it. AT: "Everyone who treats the Sabbath with disrespect" or "Everyone who does not obey the laws about the Sabbath" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
must surely be put to death
"must surely be killed." This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must surely kill" or "you must surely execute" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
must surely be cut off from his people
The metaphor "cut off" has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) "Yahweh will no longer consider him to be one of his people" 2) "you must surely send him away" or 3) "you must surely kill him." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
but the seventh day
"but day 7" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers)