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It happened
This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
in the fifth year of King Rehoboam
This refers to the fifth year of Rehoboam's reign as king. Alternate translation: "in the fifth year that Rehoboam was king" or "in year five of King Rehoboam's reign" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit and rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal)
Shishak, king of Egypt, came up against Jerusalem
"Shishak, king of Egypt" here is a metonym for Shishak along with the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: "Shishak, king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
Shishak
This is the name of a man. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
came up against
This is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: "came to attack" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)