Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
SNG	front	intro	an3g			0		# Introduction to the Song of Songs<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>#### Outline of the Song of Songs<br><br>1. The bride longs for the bridegroom to arrive (1:1–2:7)<br>1. The bridegroom praises the woman he loves (2:8–3:5)<br>1. The bridegroom arrives and praises the bride (3:6–5:1)<br>1. The bride longs for the bridegroom (5:2–6:9)<br>1. The bridegroom praises the beauty of his bride (6:1–8:4)<br>1. Final thoughts about love between a man and a woman (8:5–14)<br><br>#### What is the Song of Songs about?<br><br>The Song of Songs is a poem or a series of poems that celebrate love and intimacy between a man and a woman. Jews traditionally have interpreted the book as a picture of God's love for his people Israel. In the same way, many Christians interpret it as a picture of love between Christ and his bride, the church of all believers.<br><br>#### Who wrote the Song of Songs?<br><br>The first verse of the book ("The Song of Songs, which is Solomon's") gives the idea that King Solomon of Israel wrote it. However, people have interpreted this verse in different ways, so not everyone is persuaded that Solomon wrote it.<br><br>#### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book is traditionally titled "Song of Songs," which means the very best song, or "Song of Solomon." It may also be called "Songs of Love," "Great Poems of Love," or "The Love Songs of Solomon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>#### What place do the descriptions of sexual behavior have in the Song of Songs?<br><br>The Song of Songs approves of sexual behavior expressing love between a husband his wife.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>#### How many characters are in the Song of Songs?<br><br>The two main characters in this book are the man and the woman, who love each other. The woman also speaks to a group of women called the "daughters of Jerusalem," and these women make comments. However, it is possible that the group of women is not real and the woman is only imagining them.<br><br>Some interpreters believe there may be more characters than these, but this is not certain. The ULT and UST versions recognize only the man, the woman, and the group of women.<br><br>#### What are the lines about people speaking?<br><br>The Song of Songs is a poem that shows the thoughts and words of a man, a woman, and the woman’s friends. Throughout the poem, the author does not identify the speakers and their audience. So to help readers understand the poem, some translations attempt to identify the speaker and the audience. It is not always certain who the speaker is, so sometimes translations disagree about who is speaking.<br><br>Before each speech, the ULT identifies the speaker and the audience like this: "The woman speaking to the other women," "The woman speaking to the man," "The man speaking to the woman," or "The woman speaking to herself." Translators are encouraged to include these ways of identifying the speaker and the audience, and to format them differently from the scripture text. The translators should also include a note explaining that these explanations are not actually part of the scripture.<br><br>#### How should one translate the Song of Songs if the readers will view certain terms as coarse, vulgar, or improper?<br><br>Readers might consider many images or forms appearing in the Song of Songs as improper when translated. The translator should try to avoid offensive language if possible, by using expressions that will not cause offense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>#### How do I translate metaphors and similes in this book?<br><br>There are many metaphors and similes in this book. These figures of speech are often unclear. If they have sexual meanings, figures of speech describing feelings or emotions are often used to avoid offense by hiding their meaning. However, since their meanings are often unclear, ambiguity in translation is encouraged. You can translate the words as they are written in order to avoid committing to a specific meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
SNG	01	intro	xrm2			0		# Song of Songs 01 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Kisses<br>The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Love and affection<br>This chapter is centered on the feelings of love, affection, and attraction. Different cultural standards may make translation difficult and the translator may use euphemisms to avoid offending people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "I am dark"<br>In the ancient Near East, rich people usually had lighter skin because they did not need to work outside in the sun. This young woman had to work out in the sun, and her skin became darker than it was when she was younger.<br>
SNG	01	01	fna4	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
SNG	01	01	qbe2			0	The Song of Songs	"The Best Song" or "The Most Excellent Song"
SNG	01	01	r5ns			0	which is Solomon's	Possible meanings are "which is about Solomon" or "which Solomon composed."
SNG	01	02	j5xq			0	General Information:	The first part of the book begins with this verse.
SNG	01	02	nze7			0	your love is better than wine	"I enjoy having you near me more than I enjoy drinking wine"
SNG	01	03	si36			0	Your anointing oils	"The oils that you put on your body"
SNG	01	03	d9r7			0	have a delightful fragrance	"smell wonderful"
SNG	01	03	z9t3	figs-simile		0	your name is like flowing perfume	Perfume has a good smell that spreads as the air moves. The name is either a metonym for 1) the person's reputation, what other people think of him. Here the speaker says that people always think that the hearer is a good person, or 2) the person himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	01	04	v83t	figs-you		0	with you	"The word "you" refers to the man and so is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
SNG	01	04	gec8	figs-metaphor		0	Take	"Pull" or "Drag." Here the woman described as being like a captive who is willing to follow her captor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	04	ty2p	figs-inclusive		0	we will run	The word "we" refers to the young woman together with the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
SNG	01	04	isr6	figs-pronouns		0	We are glad ... We rejoice ... let us celebrate	The woman speaks of herself as if she were more than one person. Many versions change the pronoun to "I" as the UST does. Other versions present these as the words of the woman's friends speaking about either the woman or the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
SNG	01	04	at7l			0	about you	"because of you"
SNG	01	04	geq4			0	let us celebrate	"let us praise"
SNG	01	04	ag8r			0	It is natural for the other women to adore you	"Women who adore you are doing as they should do"
SNG	01	05	ez2x			0	I am dark but lovely	"My skin is dark, but I am still beautiful" or "Even though my skin is dark, I am beautiful"
SNG	01	05	rbb3	figs-simile		0	dark like the tents of Kedar	The nomadic tribes in Kedar used black goat skins to build their homes. The woman is comparing her skin to these tents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	01	05	dc13	figs-simile		0	lovely like the curtains of Solomon	Solomon produced beautiful curtains either for his own palace or for the Temple. She says that her skin is beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	01	06	thz7	figs-hyperbole		0	scorched	This exaggeration for "burned" or "made black" refers to the sun changing her skin from light to dark. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
SNG	01	06	fz9h			0	My mother's sons	"My half-brothers." These brothers probably had the same mother as the woman but not the same father.
SNG	01	06	v86f			0	made me keeper of the vineyards	"made me take care of the vineyards"
SNG	01	06	w18k	figs-metaphor		0	but my own vineyard I have not kept	The woman compares herself to a vineyard. Alternate translation: "but I have not been able to take care of myself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	07	f9hi	figs-metonymy		0	my soul loves	The soul is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "I love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	01	07	v54w			0	feed your flock	"graze your flocks"
SNG	01	07	f5eb			0	rest your flock	"have your flock lie down"
SNG	01	07	v6rs	figs-rquestion		0	Why should I be like someone who wanders beside the flocks of your companions?	The woman asks this question to emphasize that she has a closer relationship to the man than other women do. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "Tell me so that I will not need to wander around among the flocks of your companions when I am looking for you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	01	07	bq95	figs-metaphor		0	who wanders	"who goes all around." She does not want to have to look for the man. Perhaps she is afraid other men will think she is a prostitute looking for business. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	07	b552			0	your companions	"your friends" or "your co-workers"
SNG	01	08	nky4			0	most beautiful among women	"you who are the most beautiful of all women"
SNG	01	08	al9c			0	follow the tracks of my flock	"follow along behind the flock"
SNG	01	08	i8sl			0	tracks	marks of the hooves of the flock on the ground
SNG	01	08	fis9			0	pasture your young goats	"graze your young goats" or "let your young goats eat"
SNG	01	09	v2yv			0	General Information:	The man continues speaking to the woman.
SNG	01	09	gw76	figs-simile		0	I compare you, my love, to a mare among Pharaoh's chariot horses	The Jews of those days considered horses beautiful, and the Pharaoh's horses would have been the most beautiful he could find. The man considers the young woman beautiful. Alternate translation: "My love, you are as beautiful as any of Pharaoh's chariot horses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	01	09	l3q7			0	my love	"you whom I love"
SNG	01	09	zyj5			0	Pharaoh's chariot horses	"the horses that pull Pharaoh's chariots"
SNG	01	10	u7h9	figs-metaphor		0	Your cheeks are beautiful with ornaments	These ornaments could be 1) jewels hanging from a band around the head or 2) earrings or 3) a metaphor for her long hair. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	11	dza7	figs-pronouns		0	We will make	The man speaks as if he were many people. Some versions change this to singular "I." Other versions take these to be the words of the woman's friends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
SNG	01	11	bp6l			0	with silver studs	"with spots of silver"
SNG	01	12	zt7d			0	lay on his couch	"sat eating his special meal." This probably refers to one of the couches on which people would lie around a table at a banquet. You could translate using the common word for what people do with their bodies when they eat special meals.
SNG	01	12	ur66			0	nard	an oil that people got from the expensive nard or spikenard (valerian plant with small pink or white flowers) and used to make their skin soft and to have a pleasant odor.
SNG	01	12	lp8f			0	emitted its fragrance	"gave off its good smell"
SNG	01	13	vc5v	figs-simile		0	My beloved is to me like a bag of myrrh ... breasts	Women would place a small bag or pouch of myrrh on a necklace so it would lie between their breasts and they could enjoy its pleasant fragrance. This woman enjoys having her beloved close to her. She adds "to me" to show that she does not expect anyone else to enjoy her beloved in this way. Alternate translation: "I enjoy my beloved as much as I enjoy having a bag of myrrh ... breasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	01	13	bzs7			0	My beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." Alternate translation: "My dear one" or "My lover"
SNG	01	13	f8y8	figs-euphemism		0	lying between my breasts	If this phrase would offend your readers, you could use a euphemism. Alternate translation: "close to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	01	14	zh75	figs-simile		0	My beloved is to me like a cluster of henna flowers	Henna flowers have a fragrance that people enjoy. The woman enjoys her beloved. She adds "to me" to show that she does not expect anyone else to enjoy her beloved in this way. Alternate translation: "I enjoy my beloved as much as I enjoy the smell of clusters of henna flowers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	01	14	a6jk			0	henna flowers	flowers from a small desert tree that people used as a perfume
SNG	01	15	x2d5			0	Listen, you	"Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you"
SNG	01	15	m114			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](./09.md)
SNG	01	15	fb4x	figs-metonymy		0	your eyes are doves	Possible meaning are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman's eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. Alternate translation: "you are very gentle" or 2) the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes as being like the shape of a dove. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	01	16	sbi4			0	Listen, you	"Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: you"
SNG	01	16	km29			0	handsome	Use the word in your language that describes a good-looking man.
SNG	01	16	x3pr			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	01	16	q43e	figs-metaphor		0	lush plants are our bed	This speaks of the lush plants as if they were a bed. Alternate translation: "lush plants are what we lie down on to sleep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	16	xed8			0	The lush plants	plants that are green, moist, and grow abundantly
SNG	01	17	v14z	figs-metaphor		0	The beams of our house are cedars; our rafters are firs	The woman describes the forest as though it were a house in which they were lying down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	01	17	q6r8			0	beams ... rafters	Possible meanings are 1) "beams" refers to large logs used to support everything above the walls and "rafters" refers to the large pieces of wood to which the roof is attached or 2) "beams" refers to the rafters and "rafters" refers to the strips attached to the beams, onto which the builders attached the roofing materials.
SNG	01	17	c3e5	translate-unknown		0	cedars ... firs	Cedars were large and strong trees. The word translated "firs" is a general term for trees like cedars but smaller. If cedar and fir trees are unknown in your area, you could use general terms for the tallest and strongest trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
SNG	02	intro	u8uv			0		# Song of Songs 02 General Notes<br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphor<br>Women are compared to flowers in this chapter. This metaphor may describe a woman's beauty and delicacy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>##### Euphemisms<br>It is possible that some of the metaphors used in this chapter are actually euphemisms. These euphemisms would refer to sex or the physical love between a husband a wife.  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br>
SNG	02	01	bw25	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
SNG	02	01	cne2	figs-metaphor		0	I am a meadow flower of Sharon	The woman speaks as if she were one of many flowers in a land known for beautiful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	01	ni5p			0	Sharon	the name of a land that is flat, has no trees, and grows many different kinds of grasses and flowers
SNG	02	01	vve6	figs-metaphor		0	lily of the valleys	The woman speaks as if she were one of many flowers in a land known for beautiful flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	01	nt8f			0	lily	a sweet smelling flower that grows in places where there is much water. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:1-2](./01.md).
SNG	02	01	e9ke			0	valleys	flat areas between mountains and near water
SNG	02	02	ibi6	figs-simile		0	As a lily among thorns ... young women	A flower is much more beautiful than a thorn bush. The man thinks the woman is much more beautiful than the other women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	02	02	bi45			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
SNG	02	02	y9bu			0	the young women	"the other young women"
SNG	02	03	xz7y	figs-simile		0	As an apricot tree ... the young men	People enjoy the fruit of an apricot tree, but the trees of the forest do not bear fruit. The woman enjoys being with the man, but not with the other young men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	02	03	yr6x			0	apricot tree	a tree that produces a small yellow fruit that is very sweet. If your readers will not know what this is, you could use the word for another fruit tree or the general word "fruit tree."
SNG	02	03	wf4u			0	the forest	The Hebrew word here refers to land where trees grow for which people have no use.
SNG	02	03	q7kl			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	02	03	pii3	figs-metaphor		0	I sit down under his shadow with great delight	The woman finds great joy and comfort in being so near to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	03	b5ai	figs-metaphor		0	his fruit is sweet to my taste	The woman enjoys eating sweet fruit, and she enjoys being near to the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	04	ift6			0	the house of wine	Possible meanings are 1) the very large room where the king would serve many people large meals with wine or 2) a small booth in a vineyard where the man and woman could be alone together.
SNG	02	04	rp8q	figs-metonymy		0	his banner over me was love	Possible meanings are 1) the banner is a metonym for a military escort. And, the military escort is a metaphor that represents the man's love which gives courage to the woman who was nervous to enter the large room where the king served many people. Alternate translation: "but his loving protection guided me and gave me courage" or 2) the woman knew that the man wanted to make love to her from the way he looked at her. Alternate translation: "he looked at me lovingly" or "when he looked at me, I knew he wanted to make love to me" or 3) they made love. Alternate translation: "he lovingly covered me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	05	uxb2			0	Revive me	"Return my strength" or "Give me energy"
SNG	02	05	khc1			0	with raisin cakes	"by giving me raisin cakes to eat." Raisin cakes were cakes made of dried grapes pressed together.
SNG	02	05	gs2a			0	refresh me with apricots	"support me by giving me apricots" or "help me by giving me apricots"
SNG	02	05	y4qy	figs-metaphor		0	for I am weak with love	The woman speaks of feeling weak because her love is so strong as if love were a kind of sickness. Alternate translation: "because my love is so strong that I feel feeble" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	06	m6ys			0	left hand ... right hand	"left arm ... right arm"
SNG	02	06	fq8w			0	embraces me	"holds me"
SNG	02	07	l67b	figs-apostrophe		0	daughters of Jerusalem	"young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	02	07	n4wq	figs-apostrophe		0	by the gazelles and the does of the fields	Although the daughters of Jerusalem could not hear her, the woman speaks to them as if they could hear saying that the gazelles and the does will punish them they break their promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	02	07	sz5c			0	the gazelles	These are animals that look like deer and move quickly.
SNG	02	07	nt79			0	does	female deer
SNG	02	07	w94r			0	of the fields	"that live in the countryside." This was land that has not been farmed.
SNG	02	07	ekc3	figs-personification		0	will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases	Here "love" is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. Alternate translation: "will not disturb us until we have finished making love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	07	fz3j	figs-doublet		0	will not awaken or arouse	If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: "will not awaken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
SNG	02	08	aay2			0	General Information:	The second part of the book begins here. It is not clear whether the woman is speaking to herself or to the daughters of Jerusalem.
SNG	02	08	j2nl			0	Listen	Possible meanings are 1) "Listen carefully to what I am about to say." You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully, or 2) "Listen so you can hear him coming."
SNG	02	08	rn51			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	02	08	dm9e			0	leaping ... jumping	The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as possible to describe what he is doing. Your language may have a different way of showing that the speaker is excited about what is happening.
SNG	02	08	fr67	figs-metaphor		0	leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills	"leaping on the mountains, running quickly on the hills." The woman speaks of the man as if he were "a gazelle or a young stag" (verse 9) coming quickly toward her over rough ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	09	l5ni			0	gazing ... peering	The woman shows that she is excited to see the man come by using as few words as possible to describe what he is doing. Your language may have a different way of showing that the speaker is excited about what is happening.
SNG	02	09	f2lu	figs-simile		0	like a gazelle or a young stag	Gazelles and young stags move quickly over rough ground. The woman imagines the man coming as fast as he can to be with her. You could translate using animals in your language that people think of as fast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	02	09	kq5f			0	a gazelle	This is an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of "the gazelles" as in [Song of Songs 2:7](./07.md).
SNG	02	09	qbs9			0	a young stag	"a young male deer"
SNG	02	09	s6z4			0	look	"listen carefully" or "what I am about to say is important." You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully.
SNG	02	09	umf5			0	behind our wall	"on the other side of our wall." The woman is in a house and the man is outside the house.
SNG	02	09	be2w	figs-exclusive		0	our wall	The word "our" refers to the woman and the other people in the house with her. If she is speaking to herself, it is inclusive, but if she is speaking to the daughters of Jerusalem, whether she is referring to herself and her companions or to herself only in plural, as in "We are glad ... We rejoice ... let us celebrate" ([Song of Songs 1:4](../01/01.md)), it is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
SNG	02	09	kf9u			0	gazing through the window	"he stares in through the windows"
SNG	02	09	s9xt			0	peering through the lattice	"he peeks through the lattice"
SNG	02	09	z1bl			0	lattice	a cover for a window or some other entrance that someone has made by weaving long strips of wood together. Lattices have holes that people can look through.
SNG	02	10	hl12			0	My beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "My dear one" or "My lover"
SNG	02	10	pah1			0	Arise, my love	"Get out of bed, my love"
SNG	02	10	fff7			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md)
SNG	02	11	yv91			0	Look	"Listen carefully" or "What I am about to say is important." You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully.
SNG	02	11	eyh9			0	the winter is past; the rain is over and gone	In winter it is too cold and wet to make love outside, but the cold, wet time has passed.
SNG	02	11	e658			0	the winter is past	Winter is the cold time of year when plants do not grow and people prefer to stay inside their houses. You could use the term in your language for that time of year.
SNG	02	11	f4hz			0	the rain is over and gone	In Israel it only rains during the winter. The rain here is cold and unpleasant, not the refreshing rain of the hot season.
SNG	02	12	wfw3			0	The flowers have appeared	"People can see flowers"
SNG	02	12	j8f3			0	in the land	"all over this land"
SNG	02	12	sv72			0	for pruning	for cutting off branches from a plant so that it will produce more fruit or look better
SNG	02	12	x3li			0	the singing of birds	"for birds to sing"
SNG	02	12	zmw4	figs-activepassive		0	the sound of the doves is heard	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people can hear the sound of doves" or "the doves are cooing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	02	13	mk2y	figs-personification		0	The fig tree ripens her green figs	The tree is spoken of as if it were actively causing its fruit to ripen. This is a collective singular and can be translated as a plural. Alternate translation: "The figs on the trees are becoming ripe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
SNG	02	13	ef3j			0	vines are in blossom	"vines are flowering" or "vines have flowers"
SNG	02	13	xhn3			0	they give off	The word "they" refers to the blossoms on the vines.
SNG	02	13	wjr7			0	their fragrance	"their sweet smell"
SNG	02	13	m4mt			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md)
SNG	02	14	a7lp			0	General Information:	The man is speaking.
SNG	02	14	wv7q	figs-metaphor		0	My dove	The Israelites considered doves beautiful birds with pleasant voices. The man thinks the woman's face and voice are beautiful. If calling a woman a "dove" would be offensive, you could leave out the metaphor. Alternate translation: "My beautiful woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	14	eju1			0	the clefts	large cracks in the side of mountain rocks large enough for people to hide in
SNG	02	14	afg5			0	the mountain crags	"the steep rocks on the sides of the mountains"
SNG	02	14	bhl6			0	your face	Some versions translate this as "your appearance" or "your form" or "what you look like."
SNG	02	15	pu8l	figs-you		0	Catch	This is plural, as if the woman is speaking to more than one man, but most versions translate who she is speaking to as the man, so you could translate this as singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
SNG	02	15	xns5	figs-metaphor		0	the foxes	These animals look like small dogs and were often used in love poetry to represent eager young men who would spoil a young woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	15	v31m	figs-exclusive		0	for us ... our vineyard	The words "us" and "our" could possibly be 1) exclusive, referring to the woman herself, as in [Song of Songs 1:4](../01/01.md), or 2) inclusive, referring to the woman and the man, or 3) exclusive, referring to the woman and the rest of her family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
SNG	02	15	dac9			0	foxes	Another possible meaning is "jackals." A jackal is a type of thin wild dog with long legs.
SNG	02	15	wl95	figs-metaphor		0	the little foxes that spoil	Foxes spoil or destroy vineyards by digging holes and eating vines and grapes. This could be a metaphor for young men who spoil young women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	15	r16k	figs-metaphor		0	in blossom	This implies that the vineyard is healthy and the grapes have appeared, but they are not ready for harvest. This could be a metaphor for a young lady ready for marriage and bearing children. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:13](./12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	16	zb2r			0	My beloved is mine	"My beloved belongs to me"
SNG	02	16	lxy4			0	I am his	"I belong to him"
SNG	02	16	n6c3	figs-metaphor		0	he grazes	"feeds" or "eats grass." The woman speaks of the man as if he were "a gazelle or a young stag" (verse 17) that eats plants among the lilies. Grazing is probably a metaphor for lovemaking ([Song of Songs 2:1-2](./01.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	16	x5db			0	lilies	sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](./01.md).
SNG	02	17	b3kg			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	02	17	p2uq			0	dawn	the part of the day when the sun is rising
SNG	02	17	lz3y	figs-metaphor		0	the shadows flee away	The woman describes the shadows as though they were running away from the light of the sun. Alternate translation: "the shadows disappear" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	02	17	d8mw			0	like a gazelle or a young stag	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:9](./08.md).
SNG	02	17	vlw3			0	gazelle	an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of "gazelles" as in [Song of Songs 2:7](./07.md).
SNG	02	17	l8dz			0	stag	an adult male deer
SNG	02	17	ia1r			0	rugged mountains	"rocky mountains" or "rough mountains"
SNG	03	intro	t72h			0		# Song of Songs 03 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Longing<br>This chapter describes a feeling of longing, or the waiting in anticipation of the one you love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
SNG	03	01	l1kv			0	I was longing for him ... could not find him	"I had a strong desire to be with him ... loves, but he was not there"
SNG	03	01	hu3u	figs-metonymy		0	him whom my soul loves	The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	03	02	uyu7			0	go through the city	"walk through the city"
SNG	03	02	x9ki			0	through the streets and squares	The word "squares" indicates the center area of a town where streets or roads come together. It is often an area where people sell items, a market, and a place where people come together to talk.
SNG	03	02	afu9			0	will search	"will to look for"
SNG	03	03	rdd5			0	watchmen	men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe
SNG	03	03	b9j2			0	as they were making their rounds in the city	"who were walking around the city on the walls"
SNG	03	03	pab8	figs-metonymy		0	him whom my soul loves	The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	03	04	p5k2			0	the bedroom	"the room for sleeping"
SNG	03	04	ri8e	figs-metonymy		0	the one who had conceived me	This is a metonym for her mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	03	05	a3y1			0	General Information:	Translate this verse as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
SNG	03	05	t61g	figs-apostrophe		0	daughters of Jerusalem	"young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	03	05	qw1m	figs-apostrophe		0	by the gazelles and the does of the fields	Although the daughters of Jerusalem are not there to hear her, the woman is telling them that the gazelles and the does will punish them they break their promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	03	05	b4r5			0	the gazelles	animals that look like deer and move quickly.
SNG	03	05	ruq7			0	does	female deer
SNG	03	05	n2aq			0	of the fields	"that live in the countryside." This refers to land that has not been farmed.
SNG	03	05	cm9r	figs-personification		0	will not awaken or arouse love until she pleases	Here "love" is spoken of as if it were a person asleep that does not want to be awakened. This is a metaphor that represents the man and woman who do not want to be disturbed until they are finished making love. Alternate translation: "will not disturb us until we have finished making love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	03	05	dbf9	figs-doublet		0	will not awaken or arouse	If your language has only one word for waking people out of sleep, you could combine these words. Alternate translation: "will not awaken" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
SNG	03	06	e1ly			0	General Information:	The third part of the book begins here. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon's bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem.
SNG	03	06	y8wr			0	What is that coming up from the wilderness	The group of people is traveling from the wilderness to Jerusalem. They must go up in order to reach Jerusalem because the wilderness is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is high in the mountains.
SNG	03	06	z3w1			0	What is that	Many versions translate this "Who is that."
SNG	03	06	tjf4	figs-simile		0	like a column of smoke	The dust looked like smoke from far away because the people raised much dust in the air as they traveled. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	03	06	w7kr			0	perfumed with myrrh and frankincense	"with the sweet smell of myrrh and frankincense"
SNG	03	06	bf7f	figs-ellipsis		0	with all the powders sold by merchants	The words "perfumed with" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "perfumed with all the powders sold by merchants" or "and with the sweet smell of all the powders that merchants sell" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
SNG	03	06	sy9j			0	powders	a fine dust made by crushing something solid
SNG	03	07	ldh8			0	Look	"Listen carefully" or "What I am about to say is important." You could use a word in your language that tells the hearer to listen carefully. The speaker now discovers the answer to the question in verse 6.
SNG	03	07	e4uw			0	it is the bed	This refers to a bed with a cover that can be carried from one place to another.
SNG	03	07	rd7d	figs-doublet		0	sixty warriors surround it, sixty soldiers of Israel	These two phrases refer to the same sixty people. The second phrase clarifies that the "warriors" are "soldiers of Israel." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
SNG	03	07	u16s			0	warriors	men who fight
SNG	03	08	sbd8			0	General Information:	The description of sixty men carrying Solomon's bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem, begun in [Song of Songs 3:6](./06.md), continues.
SNG	03	08	mm7c	writing-background		0		A description of the bed itself begins in verse 9. You could use words in your language that show that this is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
SNG	03	08	v2yx			0	are experienced in warfare	"can fight battles well"
SNG	03	08	z9n4			0	armed against	"so that he can fight against"
SNG	03	08	jqy9	figs-abstractnouns		0	terrors of the night	The abstract noun "terrors" is a metonym for evil people who frighten others by attacking them. Alternate translation: "evil people who attack others at night" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	03	09	nnm6			0	sedan chair	This is a chair or couch for important people to sit or lie on. It rests on long poles that people can use to carry it
SNG	03	10	f5mj	writing-background		0		The description of the bed itself that began in [Song of Songs 3:9](./08.md) continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
SNG	03	10	w2at			0	Its posts	The word "its" refers to King Solomon's sedan chair.
SNG	03	10	xnj4			0	posts	The word "posts" here refers to pieces either made of silver or made of wood covered with silver that hold up the tent of cloth around his chair.
SNG	03	10	rr69			0	Its interior was	"The inside of it was"
SNG	03	10	apj8			0	with love	Possible meanings are 1) "with love," indicating that the women made the sedan beautiful in a special way to show their love for Solomon, or 2) "with leather."
SNG	03	11	i961			0	daughters of Zion	"you young women who live in Zion"
SNG	03	11	sj76			0	gaze on King Solomon	"look at King Solomon." The word "gaze" refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
SNG	03	11	tf1d			0	bearing the crown	"wearing the crown"
SNG	03	11	ei7z	figs-metonymy		0	the day of the joy of his heart	The word "heart" is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: "the day on which he truly rejoiced" or "the happiest day of his life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	04	intro	r3aw			0		# Song of Songs 04 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>##### "My sister, my bride"<br>The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite.<br>
SNG	04	01	rg3f	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
SNG	04	01	m3g6	figs-metaphor		0	Your eyes are doves	One possibility is that the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes, the shape of a dove. Another possibility is that the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman's eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Alternate translation: "You are very gentle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	01	z6f7			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
SNG	04	01	pnn4	figs-simile		0	Your hair is like a flock of goats going down from Mount Gilead	Goats in Israel were usually dark in color. The woman's hair was probably dark. You may need to specify that the goats were dark or even use another simile that the reader will understand that refers to something dark and beautiful. People thought of Mount Gilead as beautiful and fertile. The speaker considered the woman beautiful and ready to become the mother of his children. If you remove the simile of the goats, you may have to remove the simile of the mountain as well. Alternate translation: "Your hair is as dark as storm clouds above a fertile land" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	02	bdg1	figs-simile		0	Your teeth are like a flock of newly shorn ewes	After sheep have their wool cut off, they are washed and their skin looks very white. The woman's teeth are white. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	02	cj59	figs-activepassive		0	a flock of newly shorn ewes	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a flock of ewes whose wool people have cut off" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	04	02	wc12	figs-explicit		0	coming up from the washing place	The ewes are coming up out of the water. Alternate translation: "that are coming up out of the water after people have washed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	04	02	jw1w	figs-metaphor		0	Each one has a twin	Sheep usually give birth to two lambs at one time. These twin lambs usually look like one another. Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	02	vl9d			0	none among them is bereaved	Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth.
SNG	04	02	sb14			0	bereaved	lost a loved one who has died
SNG	04	03	h2in			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	03	t9kf	figs-simile		0	are like a thread of scarlet	Scarlet is a beautiful red color, and scarlet thread was very expensive. The woman's lips were red. Alternate translation: "are a deep red like scarlet thread" or "are red and very beautiful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	03	v1ae			0	scarlet	a dark red color that is very similar to the color of blood
SNG	04	03	q1mk			0	is lovely	"is beautiful"
SNG	04	03	j2a3	figs-simile		0	are like pomegranate halves	Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman's cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. Alternate translation: "are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate" or "are red and full and healthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	03	y47i			0	behind your veil	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](./01.md).
SNG	04	04	th27			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	04	i3qt	figs-simile		0	Your neck is like the tower of David	No one knows if this was a real tower. A tower is a tall, slender building, and saying that David built it implies that it was beautiful. The man considered the woman's neck long and slender and so beautiful. Alternate translation: "Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	04	v4ae			0	of David	"that David built"
SNG	04	04	cq2q	figs-metaphor		0	built in rows of stone	Women had necklaces that covered their entire necks with rows of decorations. The man compares these rows of decorations with the rows of stone on the tower. Alternate translation: "that has many rows of stone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	04	04	c4nk	figs-metaphor		0	with a thousand shields	The man compares the decorations of the woman's necklace with shields hanging on the tower. The necklace probably went around her neck many times. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	04	wgq3	translate-numbers		0	a thousand shields	"1,000 shields." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
SNG	04	04	swd3			0	all the shields of soldiers	"all of the shields belong to mighty warriors"
SNG	04	05	f8qi			0	two breasts	If the word "two" seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it.
SNG	04	05	ea9j	figs-simile		0	like two fawns, twins of a gazelle	The man implies that the woman's breasts are matching, soft, and perhaps small. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	04	05	wd7y			0	twins	the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time
SNG	04	05	gu86			0	gazelle	an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of "gazelles" as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
SNG	04	05	p33d			0	grazing among the lilies	"eating plants among the lilies." While it is clear that the man "grazing among the lilies" is a metaphor for making love ([Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md)), it is not clear what these words refer to. It is best to translate them literally.
SNG	04	05	bb93			0	lilies	sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
SNG	04	06	ks1d			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	06	y1xu			0	Until the dawn arrives and the shadows flee away	Translate similar wording in this line as you did the line in [Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md).
SNG	04	06	re83	figs-metaphor		0	I will go to the mountain of myrrh and to the hill of frankincense	The "mountain of myrrh" and "hill of frankincense" are metaphors for the woman's breasts ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md)). Alternate translation: "I will lie close to your breasts, which are like mountains that smell like myrrh and frankincense" or "I will lie close to your breasts, which smell very sweet" or "I will go to the sweet-smelling mountains" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	06	bm4n			0	the mountain of myrrh	"the mountain made of myrrh" or "the mountain that has myrrh growing on it"
SNG	04	06	ekc1			0	the hill of frankincense	"the hill where there are clouds of smoke from burning frankincense in the air"
SNG	04	07	wt7k			0	You are beautiful in every way	"Every part of you is beautiful" or "All of you is beautiful"
SNG	04	07	l1xq			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
SNG	04	07	ci96			0	there is no blemish in you	"you have no blemish"
SNG	04	08	v9nd	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	The man continues to speak to the woman. He speaks of them not being free to make love as if they were in a wild, dangerous, foreign place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	08	h4yw			0	from Lebanon	"away from Lebanon"
SNG	04	08	j8s2			0	my bride	This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son's wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife.
SNG	04	08	m2km	translate-names		0	Amana	the name of a mountain north of Israel (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
SNG	04	08	ir9l	translate-names		0	Senir	the name of a mountain near Amana and Hermon. Some people think that this refers to the same mountain as Hermon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
SNG	04	08	ybd2			0	dens	places where lions and leopards live, like caves or holes in the ground
SNG	04	09	v3al			0	General Information:	The man continues to speak to the woman.
SNG	04	09	d7n7	figs-idiom		0	You have stolen my heart	Possible meanings of this idiom are 1) "My heart now belongs completely to you" or 2) "I strongly desire to make love to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	04	09	vdf7	figs-idiom		0	my sister	This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. Alternate translation: "my dear" or "my darling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	04	09	k4ah			0	my bride	This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son's wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:8](./08.md).
SNG	04	09	d83s			0	heart, with just one look at me, with just one jewel	"heart. All you have to do is look at me once or show me just one jewel." Both the woman's eyes and her jewelry attract the man to her.
SNG	04	09	laj2			0	necklace	This necklace probably went around her neck many times ([Song of Songs 4:4](./04.md)).
SNG	04	10	wbn5			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	10	g6qt			0	How beautiful is your love	"Your love is wonderful"
SNG	04	10	v1gy	figs-idiom		0	my sister	This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md). Alternate translation: "my dear" or "my darling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	04	10	ibb8			0	my bride	This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son's wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./08.md).
SNG	04	10	td9x			0	How much better is your love than wine	"Your love is much better than wine." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 1:2](../01/01.md).
SNG	04	10	ts8k	figs-ellipsis		0	the fragrance of your perfume than any spice	The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "how much better is the fragrance of your perfume than the fragrance of any spice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
SNG	04	10	wzb4			0	fragrance ... perfume	See how you translated these words in [Song of Songs 1:3](../01/01.md).
SNG	04	10	r5ni			0	spice	dried plants or seeds that have a good smell or taste
SNG	04	11	fw88	figs-metaphor		0	Your lips ... drip honey	Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for 1) the sweet taste of the woman's kisses or 2) the woman's words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	11	vc6y	figs-metaphor		0	honey and milk are under your tongue	Because "milk and honey" is a common phrase in the Bible, you should translate literally. Possible meanings are that honey is a metaphor for 1) the sweet taste of the woman's kisses or 2) the woman's words. Milk is a metaphor for luxury, owning many things that help people enjoy life. When the woman kisses the man, he enjoys life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	11	nyc9			0	the fragrance of your garments is like the fragrance of Lebanon	"the smell of your clothes is like the smell of Lebanon." Many cedar trees grew in Lebanon. Cedar trees smell very good, so Lebanon would have smelled sweet and fresh.
SNG	04	12	sks3			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	12	whp4	figs-idiom		0	My sister	This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md). Alternate translation: "My dear" or "My darling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	04	12	nrw6			0	my bride	This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son's wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](./09.md).
SNG	04	12	j45u	figs-metaphor		0	is a garden locked up	"is a garden that no one can enter." The garden is a metaphor for the woman, and the lock is a metaphor for her still being a virgin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	12	i5nb	figs-metaphor		0	a spring that is sealed	"a spring with a cover on it." The spring or well is a metaphor for the woman, and the cover is a metaphor for her being a virgin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	13	uvg6	figs-euphemism		0	Your branches	branches or channels of rivers, a clear euphemism for the female body part. If any reference to this would be offensive, translate it as a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: "You" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
SNG	04	13	i3mi			0	a grove	a place where many trees grow together
SNG	04	13	eji6			0	with choice fruits	"with the best kinds of fruits"
SNG	04	13	q938			0	nard plants	plants that give oil that people used to make their skin soft and to have a pleasant odor. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
SNG	04	13	dju5			0	henna	small desert trees that people used as a perfume. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md).
SNG	04	14	dxj9			0	saffron	a spice that comes from the dried parts from the yellow thread in the center of a certain flower
SNG	04	14	ujr7			0	calamus	a reed with a pleasant smell that people used to make anointing oil.
SNG	04	14	w1cm			0	cinnamon	a spice made from the bark of a tree that people used for cooking
SNG	04	14	kx8c			0	myrrh	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md).
SNG	04	14	bm3m			0	aloes	a type of large plant that had a very sweet smell
SNG	04	14	p646			0	all the finest spices	"all the best spices"
SNG	04	15	t9yh			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	04	15	z2an	figs-metaphor		0	You are a garden spring	"You are a spring in a garden." A garden spring gives sweet, clean water that people enjoy drinking. The man enjoys being close to the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	15	t9ch			0	fresh water	water that is good to drink
SNG	04	15	zl7c			0	streams flowing down from Lebanon	Because Lebanon had mountains covered with trees, the streams from Lebanon were clean and cool.
SNG	04	16	jv5g	figs-personification		0	Awake, north wind; come, south wind; blow	The woman speaks to the north wind and the south wind as though they were people. Alternate translation: "I wish the north wind and south wind would come and blow" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
SNG	04	16	x71g			0	Awake, north wind	"North wind, start blowing"
SNG	04	16	l273	figs-metaphor		0	blow on my garden	The garden is a metaphor for her body, which she has covered with sweet-smelling oils ([Song of Songs 4:14](./12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	16	kdi9			0	may give off their fragrance	"may send out their good smells"
SNG	04	16	lqh1	figs-metaphor		0	May my beloved ... choice fruit	The woman is inviting the man to make love to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	04	16	dp46			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	04	16	mbn7			0	choice fruit	"wonderful fruit"
SNG	05	intro	kdw4			0		# Song of Songs 05 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Verses 2-7 describe a dream the woman had.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "My sister, my bride"<br>The woman described is not the sister of her husband. They are not related. Instead, this is a reference to a woman who is a fellow Israelite.<br>
SNG	05	01	zka3	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
SNG	05	01	m575			0	I have come	It is clearly the woman's lover who is speaking.
SNG	05	01	f2qr	figs-metaphor		0	have come into my garden	The word "garden" is a metaphor for the woman. The man is finally able to fully enjoy the woman as they make love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	05	01	tgd7	figs-idiom		0	my sister	This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md). Alternate translation: "my dear" or "my darling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	05	01	psq4			0	my bride	This Hebrew word can refer to a woman who is married or to one whom a man has arranged to become his son's wife. If your language has a polite word that a man would use to his wife and that has not been used yet in this book, you could use it here. Otherwise you could use any polite term a man would use with his wife. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/08.md).
SNG	05	01	lgr1	figs-metaphor		0	myrrh ... spice ... honeycomb ... honey ... wine ... milk	These are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman's body ([Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md), [Song of Songs 2:4](../02/03.md), [Song of Songs 4:11](../04/10.md), and [Song of Songs 4:14](../04/12.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	01	sq9d			0	spice	plants that have a strong smell or taste
SNG	05	01	i16q	figs-metaphor		0	Eat ... drink ... be drunk with love	Eating and drinking are metaphors for making love. Alternate translation: "Make love ... make love ... make love until you are fully satisfied" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	02	a7v6	figs-euphemism		0	General Information:	The fourth part of the book begins here. The young woman uses euphemisms to describe her dream so that it can be interpreted in two different ways: 1) the woman describes a dream about a night when the man came to visit her at her house; and 2) the woman describes a dream about starting to sleep with the man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	05	02	biy3	figs-idiom		0	but my heart was awake	The heart is the center of thought and feeling. Alternate translation: "but I could think clearly" or "but I knew what I was feeling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	05	02	tk43			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	05	02	qjv8	figs-explicit		0	Open to me	Possible meanings are 1) literal, "Open the door for me," or 2) metaphorical, "Let me make love to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	02	rx38	figs-idiom		0	my sister	This is an idiom of affection. They are not actually brother and sister. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:9](../04/09.md). Alternate translation: "my dear" or "my darling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	05	02	d52k			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
SNG	05	02	c27j			0	my dove	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:14](../02/14.md).
SNG	05	02	gaj1			0	undefiled one	"my perfect one" or "my faithful one" or "my innocent one"
SNG	05	02	yh2r			0	dew	drops of water or mist that form as the night becomes cool
SNG	05	02	d3gt	figs-ellipsis		0	my hair with the night's dampness	The words "is wet" are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: "my hair is wet with the night's dampness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
SNG	05	03	tr8w	figs-quotations		0	"I have taken off my robe ... dirty?"	This is what the woman thought to herself when she heard the man speak. ([Song of Songs 5:2](./02.md)). This could be translated with the woman saying that this is what she was thinking, or the woman could just explain the situation and her thoughts as in the UST. Alternate translation: "I thought to myself, 'I have taken off my robe ... dirty?'" or "I had taken off my robe and I did not want to put it on again. I had washed my feet and I did not want to get them dirty." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
SNG	05	03	am4r			0	robe	thin linen clothing that people wore on their skin
SNG	05	03	g6z2	figs-rquestion		0	must I put it on again?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I do not want to put it on again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	05	03	r5cm	figs-euphemism		0	I have washed my feet	While the word "feet" can be a euphemism for private parts, this probably refers to literal feet. The woman seems more likely to want to make love than to want to refrain from lovemaking because she has just bathed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	05	03	h4w3			0	must I get them dirty?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "I do not want to get them dirty."
SNG	05	04	w3ff	figs-euphemism		0	My beloved put in his hand through the opening of the door latch	Possible interpretations are 1) literal, the lover reaches into the house through a hole in the door in order to open the door or 2) euphemisic, they have begun to make love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	05	04	hqn5			0	My beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "My dear one" or "My lover"
SNG	05	04	nns1			0	door latch	"door lock"
SNG	05	05	w3k2	figs-metaphor		0	I got up to open the door for my beloved	Possible meanings are 1) literal, the young woman got out of bed in order to let the man into the house, or 2), metaphorical. Alternate translation: "I prepared myself to make love with my beloved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	05	q3qx	figs-euphemism		0	my hands ... my fingers ... door handle	While these may be euphemisms for the woman's and man's bodies, it is best to translate literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	05	05	ycr1			0	with moist myrrh	"with liquid myrrh"
SNG	05	06	vgj4			0	General Information:	The woman continues to describe her dream.
SNG	05	06	b7qk			0	my beloved	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](../01/12.md).
SNG	05	06	z8na	figs-metaphor		0	My heart sank	The heart is a metaphor for the person, and sinking, going down, is a metaphor for becoming weak or sad. Alternate translation: "I was very sad" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	07	a9yk			0	The watchmen	men who have the job of keeping guard of the town at night to keep the people safe. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:3](../03/03.md).
SNG	05	07	rqq4			0	as they were making their rounds in the city	"who were walking around the city on the walls." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:3](../03/03.md).
SNG	05	07	v79f			0	found me	found the woman
SNG	05	07	zhf3			0	struck me	"beat me" or "hit me"
SNG	05	07	q2vt			0	wounded me	"injured me"
SNG	05	07	euu8			0	the guards on the walls	"the men who guard the walls"
SNG	05	07	h38e			0	cloak	a garment that people wore over the other clothing on their upper body when they went outdoors in public
SNG	05	08	czu7			0	I want you to swear	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
SNG	05	08	j8ub	figs-apostrophe		0	daughters of Jerusalem	"young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	05	08	w1ul	figs-rquestion		0	my beloved—What will you make known to him?—that I am	The woman uses a question to introduce what she wants the daughters of Jerusalem to tell her beloved. Alternate translation: "my beloved, this is what I want you to say to him: tell him that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	05	08	v5m3	figs-metaphor		0	sick from love	She loves the man so strongly that she feels sick. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	09	kr5i			0	your beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as "your lover." See how you translated "my beloved" in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "your dear one" or "your lover"
SNG	05	09	eap5			0	most beautiful among women	"you who are the most beautiful of all women." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:8](../01/08.md).
SNG	05	09	vbc6			0	Why is your beloved better	"What makes your beloved better"
SNG	05	09	rfp3			0	that you ask us to take an oath like this	"and causes you to have us take this oath"
SNG	05	09	zp43			0	an oath like this	the oath in [Song of Songs 5:8](./08.md)
SNG	05	10	qb4q			0	My beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "My dear one" or "My lover"
SNG	05	10	xuy2	figs-explicit		0	is radiant and ruddy	This phrase refers to his complexion. Alternate translation: "has radiant and ruddy skin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	05	10	za1u			0	radiant	"is completely healthy" or "is pure." The man has skin that does not have any problems.
SNG	05	10	rgj8			0	ruddy	a healthy color of the skin that is brownish red
SNG	05	10	hms2	figs-metaphor		0	outstanding among ten thousand	"the best of 10,000." Alternate translation: "better than anyone else" or "no one else is like him." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
SNG	05	11	s23z	figs-metaphor		0	His head is the purest gold	The man's head is as precious to the woman as the purest gold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	11	m1w4	figs-simile		0	a raven	a bird with very black feathers (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	05	12	pn5r			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to describe the man.
SNG	05	12	m6e7	figs-metonymy		0	His eyes are like doves	Translate "eyes are like doves" as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the man's eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate translation: "His eyes are gentle like doves" or 2) the woman is speaking of the man's white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	05	12	knr8	figs-metaphor		0	doves beside streams of water	Birds that the Israelites considered gentle sitting beside a gently flowing stream are a metaphor for a gentle person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	12	xp2d			0	streams of water	"gently flowing water"
SNG	05	12	tr46	figs-metaphor		0	bathed in milk	Milk is a metaphor for the whiteness of the doves. Alternate translation: "doves that are white like milk" or 2) milk is a metaphor for the white part of the man's eyes. Alternate translation: "his pupils are like doves bathing in white milk"  (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	12	qe85	figs-simile		0	mounted like jewels	His eyes are beautiful. Jewels that a craftsman has carefully put in place are beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	05	13	p7dj			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to describe the man.
SNG	05	13	ip4j	figs-simile		0	His cheeks ... aromatic scents	This explains that his cheeks are like beds of spices because they both give off wonderful smells. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	05	13	mtt8	figs-metaphor		0	beds of spices	gardens or parts of gardens where people grow spices. Spices give people pleasure. The man's body gives the woman pleasure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	13	mem2			0	yielding aromatic scents	"that give off wonderful smells."
SNG	05	13	a4hu	figs-metaphor		0	His lips are lilies	The woman probably compares his lips with lilies because they are beautiful and smell wonderful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	13	t4f1			0	lilies	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md).
SNG	05	13	x8c2	figs-metaphor		0	dripping liquid myrrh	"that drip with the best myrrh." His lips are moist and have a wonderful smell like myrrh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	14	hq44			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to describe the man.
SNG	05	14	nl6y	figs-metaphor		0	His arms are rounded gold set with jewels	"His arms are cylinders of gold that have jewels all over them." The woman uses this image to say that his arms are beautiful and precious. The first readers would have understood this as a metaphor for the male body part ([Song of Songs 5:3](./03.md)), but this would be difficult to bring out in translation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	14	bg51	figs-metaphor		0	his abdomen is ivory covered with sapphires	"his belly is smooth ivory that has sapphires all over it." The woman uses this image to say that his belly is beautiful and precious. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	14	k5ga			0	ivory	the white tusk or tooth of an animal that is similar to bone. People use ivory to make smooth and shiny pieces of art.
SNG	05	14	ws92			0	sapphires	valuable stones that are either 1) blue or 2) clear and either blue or golden
SNG	05	15	c8k3			0	General Information:	The woman continues to describe the man.
SNG	05	15	i1xz	figs-metaphor		0	His legs are pillars of marble, set on bases of pure gold	Marble and gold are strong and beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	05	15	juu1			0	marble	a very strong stone that has many different colors and that people polish to make very smooth
SNG	05	15	z75c	figs-simile		0	his appearance is like Lebanon	"he looks like Lebanon." Lebanon was a very beautiful area with many mountains and cedar trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	05	16	jk4b			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to describe the man.
SNG	05	16	sc8p	figs-metonymy		0	His mouth is most sweet	The mouth is a metonym for either 1) the man's sweet kisses or 2) the sweet words that he says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	05	16	w3vr			0	he is completely lovely	"every part of him is lovely" or "all of him is lovely"
SNG	05	16	pi1a			0	This is my beloved, and this is my friend	The word "This" refers to the man that the woman has just finished describing. Alternate translation: "That is what the one I love is like, and that is what my friend is like"
SNG	05	16	zd7b			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	05	16	r6zc	figs-apostrophe		0	daughters of Jerusalem	"young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	06	intro	fa9a			0		# Song of Songs 06 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same standards of beauty.<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### Metaphors<br>In the ancient Near East, it was common to describe a woman using metaphors involving animals. In many cultures today, this can be considered offensive. Different metaphors of beauty are used in different cultures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
SNG	06	01	z4sf	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]. The fifth part of the book begins here.
SNG	06	01	xnv3			0	In what direction has your beloved gone	"Which way did your beloved go"
SNG	06	01	wr5y			0	your beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for the other women to refer to him as "your lover." See how you translated "my beloved" in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "your dear one" or "your lover"  or "the man you love"
SNG	06	01	emy4			0	most beautiful among women	"you who are the most beautiful of all women." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:8](../01/08.md).
SNG	06	01	ise2	figs-explicit		0	gone, so that we may seek him with you?	The words "tell us" are understood from the context. They can be stated clearly Alternate translation: "gone? Tell us, so that we can look for him with you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	06	02	vrq9	figs-metaphor		0	My beloved has gone down to his garden	The word "garden" is a metaphor for the woman. The man is finally able to fully enjoy the woman as they make love. See the explanation of this metaphor in [Song of Songs 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
SNG	06	02	v5x3	figs-metaphor		0	beds of spices	gardens or parts of gardens where people grow spices. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 5:13](../05/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	02	w7gn	figs-metaphor		0	to graze in the garden and to gather lilies	These words are metaphors for the man enjoying her body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	02	st2n	figs-metaphor		0	graze	"feeds" or "eats grass." The woman speaks of the man as if he were "a gazelle or a young stag" ([Song of Songs 2:17](../02/16.md)) that eats plants among the lilies. Grazing is probably a metaphor for lovemaking ([Song of Songs 2:1-2](../02/01.md)). See how you translated "he grazes" in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	02	e94c			0	to gather lilies	"to pick lilies"
SNG	06	02	gp6q			0	lilies	sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
SNG	06	03	z5rf			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	06	03	lr7w			0	I am my beloved's, and my beloved is mine	See how you translated the similar phrase "My beloved is mine, and I am his" in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md).
SNG	06	03	p4l4			0	he grazes among the lilies with pleasure	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:16](../02/16.md).
SNG	06	04	q66q			0	General Information:	Here begins Part Five of the book
SNG	06	04	xk88	figs-simile		0	as beautiful as Tirzah, my love, as lovely as Jerusalem	These cities were famous for being beautiful and pleasant to be in. The man thinks the woman is beautiful, and he takes pleasure in being with her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	04	nj8w			0	my love	"you whom I love." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:9](../01/09.md).
SNG	06	04	rjr5			0	lovely	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:5](../01/05.md).
SNG	06	04	uwd8			0	as awe-inspiring as an army with its banners	The beauty of the woman is so powerful that it makes the man feel helpless, as if an army were approaching him.
SNG	06	05	l78a			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	06	05	e85g			0	overwhelm me	"terrify me." The eyes of the woman are so beautiful that it makes the man feel weak and afraid because he cannot resist their power.
SNG	06	05	lbz1			0	Your hair ... from the slopes of Gilead	Translate "Your hair ... from Mount Gilead" as in [Song of Songs 4:1](../04/01.md).
SNG	06	06	zz3k			0	General Information:	The man continues to praise the woman.
SNG	06	06	lxi1	figs-simile		0	Your teeth are like a flock of ewes	After sheep have their wool cut off, they are washed and their skin looks very white. The woman's teeth are white. See how "Your teeth are like a flock of newly shorn ewes" is translated in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	06	j7se	figs-explicit		0	coming up from the washing place	The ewes are coming up out of the water. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md). Alternate translation: "that are coming up out of the water after people have washed them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	06	06	x7hr	figs-metaphor		0	Each one has a twin	Sheep usually give birth to two lambs at one time. These twin lamb usually look like one another. Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	06	s4qj			0	none among them is bereaved	Each of the woman's teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md).
SNG	06	06	j4u3			0	bereaved	lost a loved one who has died. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:2](../04/02.md).
SNG	06	07	zid1	figs-simile		0	are like pomegranate halves	Pomegranates are smooth, round, and rich red. The man thinks the woman's cheeks are beautiful and show that she is healthy. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:3](../04/03.md). Alternate translation: "are red and round like two halves of a pomegranate" or "are red and full and healthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	07	z88b			0	behind your veil	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:1](../04/01.md).
SNG	06	08	g963	translate-numbers		0	There are sixty queens, eighty concubines ... young women without number	These numbers are to be large, then larger, and then beyond counting. Alternate translation: "There are 60 queens, 80 concubines ... more young women than anyone could count" or "There are many queens, even more concubines, and more young women than anyone could count" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	06	09	a2hh	figs-metaphor		0	My dove	The Israelites considered doves beautiful birds with pleasant voices. The man thinks the woman's face and voice are beautiful. If calling a woman a "dove" would be offensive, you could leave out the metaphor. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:14](../02/14.md). Alternate translation: "You beautiful woman" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	09	dk9e			0	my undefiled	"my perfect one" or "my faithful one" or "my innocent one." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 5:2](../05/02.md).
SNG	06	09	m138	figs-hyperbole		0	the only daughter of her mother	This is an exaggeration. Alternate translation: "her mother's special daughter" or "completely different from her mother's other daughters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
SNG	06	09	tej6			0	the woman who bore her	"the woman who gave birth to her." This phrase refers to her mother.
SNG	06	09	wmx6			0	young women ... queens ... concubines	the women spoken of in [Song of Songs 6:8](./08.md).
SNG	06	09	al8y			0	called her blessed	"said that things had gone especially well for her"
SNG	06	10	cw4k			0	General Information:	The ULT understands this to be what the queens and the concubines said about the woman. However, some versions understand these to be the words of the man.
SNG	06	10	g6e9	figs-rquestion		0	Who is this who appears like the dawn ... banners?	They are using this question to say that they think the young woman is amazing. Alternate translation: "This is an amazing woman! She comes into view like the dawn ... banners!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	06	10	y3dp	figs-simile		0	who appears like the dawn	The dawn is beautiful. The woman is beautiful. Alternate translation: "who comes into view like the dawn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	10	vb8c	figs-simile		0	as awe-inspiring as an army with its banners	The beauty of the woman is so powerful that it makes the other women feel helpless, as if an army were approaching them. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 6:4](./04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	11	x84j	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	The man finishes speaking to himself. Looking to see if plants had matured is probably a metaphor for enjoying the sight of the woman's body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	06	11	xmc2			0	grove	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:13](../04/12.md).
SNG	06	11	vs9r			0	young growth	"young plants" or "new shoots"
SNG	06	11	qw4q			0	had budded	"had grown their buds." Buds are the small round parts of plants which open up into flowers.
SNG	06	11	w8xh			0	were in bloom	"were opening their flowers"
SNG	06	12	lt9y	figs-simile		0	I was so happy that I felt I was riding in the chariot of a prince	The man uses this image to express how happy he is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	06	13	u681			0	General Information:	This is 7:1, the first verse of chapter seven, in some versions. The ULT understands this to be the friends and the woman talking to each other. Some versions understand this to be the man speaking to the woman.
SNG	06	13	sm5j	figs-pronouns		0	Turn back ... gaze on you	Possible interpretations are 1) the friends are speaking to the woman or 2) the man is referring to himself in plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
SNG	06	13	x9hk			0	Turn back, turn back	"Come back, come back." This is repeated for emphasis.
SNG	06	13	za54	figs-pronouns		0	we may gaze	Some versions understand the plural to refer to the man speaking of himself. Alternate translation: "I may gaze" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
SNG	06	13	c258			0	gaze	look intently for a long time
SNG	06	13	e2bm	figs-pronouns		0	Why do you gaze on the perfect woman ... armies	Possible interpretations are 1) the woman refers to herself as another person and is speaking to the friends or 2) the woman is speaking to the man as if he were many men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
SNG	06	13	iqb9			0	as if on the dance between two armies	"as if she were dancing between two armies"
SNG	07	intro	hqv7			0		# Song of Songs 07 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Beauty<br>The woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Similes<br>There are many similes in this chapter. Their purpose is to describe the beauty of the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br>
SNG	07	01	z7jk			0	General Information:	This is 7:2, the second verse of chapter seven, in some versions.
SNG	07	01	v8jn	figs-explicit		0	How beautiful your feet appear in your sandals	It may be that the woman is dancing ([Song of Songs 6:13](../06/13.md)). Alternate translation: "Your feet are so very beautiful in your sandals as you dance" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	07	01	k8va			0	prince's daughter	Another possible interpretation is "you who have a noble character."
SNG	07	01	e9bd	figs-simile		0	The curves of your thighs are like jewels	The shape of the woman's thighs remind the speaker of a beautiful precious stone that a skilled workman has carved. Alternate translation: "The curves of your thighs are beautiful like the beautiful curves of jewel that a skilled craftsman has made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	01	xs8e			0	your thighs	The word "thighs" refers to the hips of a woman and the part of her legs that is above her knee.
SNG	07	01	fc12	figs-synecdoche		0	the work of the hands of a master craftsman	The hands are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: "the work of a master craftsman" or "something that a master craftsman has made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
SNG	07	02	rg4z			0	General Information:	The young woman's lover continues describing the one he loves.
SNG	07	02	u88e	figs-simile		0	Your navel is like a round bowl	A bowl is round. The woman's navel is round. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	02	dp5a			0	navel	the spot on the stomach left from the cord that attaches a baby to its mother
SNG	07	02	n59p	figs-metaphor		0	may it never lack mixed wine	People used large bowls to mix wine with water or spices at feasts. Drinking wine is a metaphor for enjoying beauty. The litotes can be translated as a positive. Alternate translation: "may it always contain mixed wine" or "may I always enjoy its beauty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
SNG	07	02	q8fy	figs-simile		0	Your belly is like a mound of wheat encircled with lilies	The Israelites thought mounds of wheat and lilies were pleasant to look at. Much wheat was a sign that there would be much food to eat. They threshed wheat in high, dry places, and lilies grow in low, wet places, so this simile combines beautiful sights that people would not usually see at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	02	w6nh	figs-simile		0	Your belly is like a mound of wheat	People thought that the color of wheat was the most beautiful color of skin and that round piles of wheat were beautiful. Alternate translation: "Your belly has a beautiful color and is round like a pile of wheat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	02	ah1p			0	a mound of wheat	This is a pile of the grains of wheat after people remove the parts of it that they do not use.
SNG	07	02	cz8d			0	encircled with lilies	"with lilies all around it"
SNG	07	02	ue5r			0	lilies	sweet-smelling flowers that grow in places where there is much water. Translate as the plural of "lily" in [Song of Songs 2:1](../02/01.md).
SNG	07	03	le8a			0	General Information:	The man continues describing the woman.
SNG	07	03	jw6n			0	two breasts	If the word "two" seems unnecessary and so out of place, you could omit it. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:5](../04/04.md).
SNG	07	03	ugf3	figs-simile		0	like two fawns, twins of a gazelle	The man implies that the woman's breasts are matching, soft, and perhaps small. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:5](../04/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	03	jh3u			0	twins	the babies of a mother who gave birth to two babies at one time. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 4:5](../04/04.md).
SNG	07	03	wr8t			0	gazelle	an animal that looks like a deer and moves quickly. Translate as the singular of "gazelles" as in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
SNG	07	04	uv17	figs-simile		0	Your neck is like a tower of ivory	A tower is long and straight. Ivory is white. The woman's neck is long and straight, and her skin is light in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	04	b1sy			0	a tower of ivory	"a tower that people have decorated with ivory"
SNG	07	04	xgt7			0	ivory	the white tusk or tooth of an animal that is similar to bone. People use ivory to make art and to make things look beautiful.
SNG	07	04	h4ih	figs-metaphor		0	your eyes are the pools in Heshbon	The woman's eyes are spoken of as if they are clear pools of water. Pools of water are clear and sparkle in the sunlight and so are pleasant to look at. The woman's eyes are clear and sparkle and so are pleasant to look at. This can be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: "your eyes are as clear as the pools in Heshbon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	04	md6s	translate-names		0	Heshbon	This is the name of a city east of the Jordan River (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
SNG	07	04	r1vf	translate-names		0	Bath Rabbim	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
SNG	07	04	a4vg	figs-simile		0	nose is like the tower in Lebanon	A tower is tall and straight, and her nose is tall and straight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	04	s23k	figs-metonymy		0	that looks toward Damascus	The tower looking is a metonym for people on the tower looking. Alternate translation: "that allows people to look toward Damascus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	07	05	a7bt			0	General Information:	The man continues to describe the woman.
SNG	07	05	jn22	figs-simile		0	Your head is on you like Carmel	Mount Carmel is higher than everything else around it. The man wants to look at the woman's head more than at anything else. Alternate translation: "Your head is on you like a crown, higher than anything else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	05	sr83			0	dark purple	Other possible translations are 1) "dark black" or 2) "dark red."
SNG	07	05	hkk7	figs-metaphor		0	The king is held captive by its tresses	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "Your hair that hangs down is so beautiful that the king is not able to stop admiring it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	07	05	l5e5			0	tresses	the clusters of hair that hang down from a woman's head
SNG	07	06	hqx3			0	my love, with delights	"my love. You delight me"
SNG	07	07	j31f			0	General Information:	The man describes what he would like to do with the woman .
SNG	07	07	jy1s	figs-simile		0	Your height is like that of a date palm tree	"You stand up like a date palm tree." Date palm trees are tall and straight, and their branches are only at the top, with the fruit under the branches. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	07	f6me			0	date palm tree	a tall, straight tree that produces a sweet, brown, and sticky fruit that grows in groups
SNG	07	07	jr1v	figs-simile		0	your breasts like clusters of fruit	The dates on a palm tree grow soft and round in large bunches that hang from the tree just below the branches, which are all at the top. The woman's breasts are soft and round and are just lower than her arms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	08	p7ge			0	I said	"I thought" or "I said to myself." The man said this silently.
SNG	07	08	r1b3	figs-metaphor		0	I want to climb ... its branches	The man wants to embrace the woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	07	08	w5g3	figs-simile		0	May your breasts be like clusters of grapes	The man wants to touch her breasts. Clusters of grapes are round and soft. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	08	zfb8	figs-simile		0	may the fragrance of your nose be like apricots	The word "nose" is a metonym for the breath coming out of the nose. Alternate translation: "may the breath coming from your nose smell sweet like apricots" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	08	f9is			0	apricots	sweet yellow fruit
SNG	07	09	tqs7			0	General Information:	The man continues describing what he would like to do with the woman.
SNG	07	09	yrg1	figs-metonymy		0	May your palate be like the best wine	The palate is a metonym for the lips. Wine tastes good. The man wants to kiss the woman's lips. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	07	09	rq12			0	flowing smoothly for my beloved	"that flows smoothly for the one I love." The man enjoys the smooth kisses of the woman.
SNG	07	09	ed64			0	gliding over the lips of those who sleep	"that flows over our lips as we sleep"
SNG	07	10	k7zq			0	I am my beloved's	See how you translated a similar phrase in [Song of Songs 6:3](../06/01.md).
SNG	07	10	j44v			0	my beloved's	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one's" or "my lover's"
SNG	07	10	a143			0	he desires me	"he wants to make love to me" or "he wants me"
SNG	07	11	bhr6			0	spend the night in the villages	Though the words here translated "spends the night" and "villages" appear together in [Song of Songs 1:13-14](../01/12.md) as "spends the night" and "henna flowers," and the context both here and there is lovemaking, the ULT chooses this reading because the immediate metaphor is of the man and woman sleeping in the village, rising in the morning, and going out into the vineyards. The word for "henna plants" and the word for "villages" sound exactly the same.
SNG	07	12	jsd1			0	General Information:	The woman continues to speak to the man.
SNG	07	12	iii6			0	rise early	"get up early" or "wake up early"
SNG	07	12	cs6n			0	have budded	"have begun to bloom"
SNG	07	12	r952			0	blossoms	flowers when they are open
SNG	07	12	ukd9			0	are in flower	"have flowers open on the plant"
SNG	07	12	q3a4			0	I will give you my love	"I will make love with you"
SNG	07	13	v5gj			0	General Information:	The woman continues to speak to the man.
SNG	07	13	v61b	translate-unknown		0	mandrakes	This is the name of plants that give off a strong but pleasant scent. The scent is slightly intoxicating and stimulating, which increases the desire to make love. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
SNG	07	13	alp4			0	give off their fragrance	"produce their scent" or "smell very nice"
SNG	07	13	xbk7	figs-explicit		0	at the door	The doors belong to their house. Alternate translation: "above the entrances of our house" or "by the doors of our house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	07	13	c2ah			0	are all sorts of choice fruits, new and old	"is every kind of the best fruit, both old fruit and new fruit"
SNG	07	13	jsb8			0	stored up for you	"saved so I can give to you"
SNG	07	13	h8r2			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	08	intro	d35n			0		# Song of Songs 08 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Kisses<br>The kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>##### Passion<br>The chapter describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. This is the feeling of strong or uncontrollable desire for another person.<br>
SNG	08	01	me7m	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]
SNG	08	01	dp21	figs-simile		0	you were like my brother	A woman could show affection for her brother in public. This woman wanted to be able to show affection for the man in public. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	08	01	v5fh			0	you outside	"you in public"
SNG	08	01	zyd6			0	I could kiss you	A woman would probably kiss her brother on his cheek order to greet him.
SNG	08	01	ec82			0	would despise me	"would think that I am a bad person"
SNG	08	02	apj4			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to speak to the man.
SNG	08	02	i6ch	figs-explicit		0	she who taught me	taught her how to make love (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	08	02	s68s	figs-metaphor		0	I would give you spiced wine to drink and some of the juice of my pomegranates	The woman uses these images to say that she will give herself to the man and make love with him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	02	au41	figs-metaphor		0	spiced wine	"wine with spices" or "wine that has spices in it." This represents the intoxicating power of lovemaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	03	s92v			0	His left hand ... embraces me	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:6](../02/05.md).
SNG	08	03	e5cp			0	left hand ... right hand	"left arm ... right arm"
SNG	08	03	v65k			0	embraces me	"holds me"
SNG	08	04	z8a4			0	I want you to swear	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md)
SNG	08	04	rk33	figs-apostrophe		0	daughters of Jerusalem	"young women of Jerusalem." These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her. See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	08	04	qg8i			0	that you will ... until it pleases	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md).
SNG	08	05	a5w5			0	General Information:	The fifth part of the book begins here.
SNG	08	05	xxv3	figs-rquestion		0	Who is this who is coming up	They are using this question to say that they think the young woman is amazing. A similar phrase was translated in in [Song of Songs 6:10](../06/10.md). Alternate translation: "Look at this amazing woman as she comes up" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	08	05	p4rr			0	I awakened you	"I woke you up" or "I aroused you"
SNG	08	05	zfa2			0	the apricot tree	a tree that produces a small yellow fruit that is very sweet. If your readers will not know what this is, you could use the word for another fruit tree or the general word "fruit tree." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:3](../02/03.md).
SNG	08	05	g9tp			0	there	under the apricot tree
SNG	08	05	d4ub			0	she delivered you	"she bore you"
SNG	08	06	y4fz			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to speak to the man.
SNG	08	06	jr5m	figs-metaphor		0	Set me as a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm	Possible meanings are 1) because seals were very important, people always kept them around their neck or on their hand. The woman wants to be with the man constantly like a seal, or 2) a seal shows who owns the thing that has the seal on it, and the woman wants herself as the seal on the man's heart and arm to show that all of his thoughts, emotions, and actions belong to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	08	06	yzj4	figs-simile		0	for love is as strong as death	Death is very strong because it overcomes even the most powerful people of the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	08	06	tci8	figs-simile		0	as unrelenting as Sheol	"as tough as Sheol." Sheol never allows people to come back to life after they have already died. Love is as persistent as Sheol because it never changes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	08	06	fvz9	figs-metaphor		0	its flames burst out ... any other fire	Love is very powerful like fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	06	tw71			0	burst out	"burn suddenly"
SNG	08	07	ir3s			0	General Information:	The young woman continues to speak to the man.
SNG	08	07	baf6	figs-metaphor		0	Surging waters cannot quench love	Love is so strong that it is like a fire that is so hot that it cannot be put out even with an ocean full of water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	07	j6mc			0	Surging waters	"Oceans of water" or "Huge amounts of water"
SNG	08	07	dd1i			0	cannot quench	"cannot extinguish" or "cannot put out"
SNG	08	07	e1ej	figs-metaphor		0	nor can floods sweep it away	Love never changes and always stays the same so it is like something that not even a powerful flood can move. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	07	dju9			0	floods	In Israel, water from the rain flows into deep and narrow valleys. This creates a flood of water so powerful that it can move huge boulders and trees.
SNG	08	07	kqk9			0	sweep it away	"carry it away" or "wash it away"
SNG	08	07	jwh1	figs-hypo		0	If a man gave ... the offer would utterly be despised	This is something that could possibly happen. Alternate translation: "Even if a man ... he would be utterly despised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
SNG	08	07	g5ja			0	gave	offered to give
SNG	08	07	l4u3			0	all the possessions in his house	"everything he owns"
SNG	08	07	n3pn			0	for love	"in order to get love" or "in order to buy love"
SNG	08	07	nt2s	figs-activepassive		0	the offer would utterly be despised	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "people would completely despise him" or "people would harshly ridicule him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	08	08	au5a			0	little sister	"young sister"
SNG	08	08	t852	figs-rquestion		0	What can we do ... in marriage?	The speaker uses this question to introduce what he wants to say. Alternate translation: "This is what we will do ... in marriage." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
SNG	08	08	g5fp	figs-idiom		0	she will be promised in marriage	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "a man comes and wants to marry her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
SNG	08	09	mpf5			0	General Information:	The young woman's brothers continue to speak among themselves.
SNG	08	09	x3j1	figs-metaphor		0	If she is a wall ... If she is a door	The little sister ([Song of Songs 8:8](./08.md)) has very small breasts that either have not grown or are very small. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	09	am5u	figs-metaphor		0	we will build on her a tower of silver ... we will adorn her with boards of cedar	The brothers decide to decorate the little sister with silver and cedar, symbols of riches, so that she will be more likely to attract a good husband. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	09	cnw3			0	will adorn her	"will decorate her"
SNG	08	10	n2vy	figs-metaphor		0	I was a wall	The wall is a metaphor for a woman with small breasts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	10	mc78	figs-simile		0	my breasts are now like fortress towers	Fortress towers are tall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
SNG	08	10	rll2	figs-metonymy		0	I am in his eyes as one	Here eyes are a metonym for judgment or value. Alternate translation: "I am in his judgment as one" or "he thinks of me as one" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	08	10	b5uu	figs-explicit		0	brings peace	You may need to make explicit to whom the woman brings peace. Alternate translation: "brings him peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
SNG	08	10	hi47			0	peace	"well-being"
SNG	08	11	tt74			0	General Information:	Possible interpretations: 1) The woman contrasts the way she wants to give herself to the man, who will give her his love, to the way Solomon leases out his vineyard to those who will give him money. 2) The man contrasts the woman, whom he will not give to another man, to Solomon's vineyard, which he gave to other men.
SNG	08	11	x2c3	translate-names		0	Baal Hamon	This is the name of a town in the northern part of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
SNG	08	11	mz3u			0	gave the vineyard	leased, agreed to let other people pay him so they could grow grapes in the vineyard
SNG	08	11	b1b3			0	to those who would maintain it	"to people who would take care of it"
SNG	08	11	h77m	figs-ellipsis		0	Each one was to bring a thousand shekels of silver for its fruit	It may be helpful to state that this payment was for the fruit of the vineyard. Alternate translation: "Each man was supposed to give Solomon a thousand shekels as payment for the fruit of the vineyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
SNG	08	11	t2dp	translate-bmoney		0	to bring a thousand shekels of silver	"to bring 1,000 shekels of silver." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
SNG	08	11	e3jp			0	shekels	"coins"
SNG	08	11	mm2j	figs-apostrophe		0	Solomon	Some versions understand the woman to be speaking directly to Solomon. Others understand her to be speaking in an apostrophe to her friends, to the man, or to herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
SNG	08	12	za66	figs-metaphor		0	My vineyard, my very own	The woman refers to herself as a vineyard, as in [Song of Songs 1:6](../01/05.md). Here she emphasizes that she and no one else will decide what she dies with the "vineyard." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
SNG	08	12	gc75	figs-idiom		0	is before me	This is an idiom that means the a person has the right to do what they want with something. Alternate translation: "is at my disposal" or "is mine to do with as I desire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
SNG	08	12	tl1c			0	the thousand shekels are for you, Solomon	The woman knows that Solomon has leased out the vineyard so he can get money, but she does not want money.
SNG	08	12	t7u1			0	the two hundred shekels	The speaker has not mentioned these before, but the hearer would understand that she is speaking of the money that those who worked the vineyard would have left for their own after they paid Solomon.
SNG	08	13	dp6s	figs-you		0	You who live	The man is speaking to the woman, so "you" and "live" are feminine singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
SNG	08	13	zm5h	figs-metonymy		0	listening for your voice	The voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for thinking only of what one is listening for, you could use it here. Alternate translation: "waiting to hear you start speaking" or "waiting to hear what you have to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
SNG	08	13	ew6z			0	let me hear it	"let me hear your voice."
SNG	08	14	vrp7			0	my beloved	This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as "my lover." See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: "my dear one" or "my lover"
SNG	08	14	zh44			0	like a gazelle or a young stag	See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:9](../02/08.md).
SNG	08	14	yhn7			0	gazelle	a type of slender deer-like animal with long curved horns
SNG	08	14	gp9l			0	stag	an adult male deer
SNG	08	14	mqx9	figs-metaphor		0	the mountains of spices	"the mountains that have spices all over them." The woman uses this metaphor to invite the man to make love to her. See how the man uses the metaphor of a mountain of myrrh and a hill of frankincense in [Song of Songs 4:6](../04/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])