Merge christopherrsmith-tc-create-1 into master by christopherrsmith (#3626)

tn_JOB.tsv

@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 6:4	m898		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	שֹׁתָ֣ה	1	Job is speaking as if his **spirit** were literally **drinking** poison from arrows that had struck him. He means, within the context of that metaphor, that his spirit is absorbing the poison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is absorbing”
 6:4	l3u6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	בִּעוּתֵ֖י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַֽעַרְכֽוּ⁠נִי	1	Job is speaking of **the terrors of God** (that is, the things he believes God is doing to terrify him) as if they were living things that could **array themselves** against him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God is doing many things that all terrify me”
 6:5	vas3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠יִֽנְהַק־פֶּ֥רֶא עֲלֵי־דֶ֑שֶׁא אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽ⁠וֹ	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “A wild donkey does not bray over grass! Indeed, an ox does not bellow over its fodder!”
-6:5	kn3r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom		1	Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a negative answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “An ox does not bellow over its fodder, does it?”
+6:5	kn3r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽ⁠וֹ	1	Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a negative answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “An ox does not bellow over its fodder, does it?”
 6:5	j186		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs	הֲ⁠יִֽנְהַק־פֶּ֥רֶא עֲלֵי־דֶ֑שֶׁא אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽ⁠וֹ	1	Job is quoting or creating a proverb, a short saying about something that is generally true in life. This proverb draws a figurative comparison: Just as animals do not complain loudly if they have food, so Job would not be protesting so vehemently if something were not seriously wrong. But since Job has already made this point explicitly in verse 3 (“therefore my words raved”), you do not need to explain it here. Rather, you can translate the proverb itself in a way that will be recognized as a proverb and be meaningful in your language and culture. If your readers would not recognize what a **wild donkey** or an **ox** is, in your translation you could use animals that your readers would recognize.
 6:6	cg4r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠יֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִ⁠בְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּ⁠רִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “The unsavory will not be eaten without salt! And there is no taste in the white of an egg!”
 6:6	l3sd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs	הֲ⁠יֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִ⁠בְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּ⁠רִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת	1	Job is quoting or creating a proverb, a short saying about something that is generally true in life. This proverb draws a figurative comparison: Just as it is necessary to season some foods in order to eat them, so it is necessary to talk expressively about some situations in life in order to endure them. Job has already made this point explicitly in verse 3 (“therefore my words raved”), but perhaps the connection will not be as clear in this case as in the previous verse. So you could make the connection more explicitly. Alternatively, you could translate the proverb itself in a way that would be recognized as a proverb and be meaningful in your language and culture. If people in your culture would not eat **the white of an egg**, in your translation you could use a food that your readers would recognize. Alternate translation: “I cannot endure these troubles without talking emotionally about them, any more than people can eat bland food without seasoning it”
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 15:21	j476		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	שׁוֹדֵ֥ד יְבוֹאֶֽ⁠נּוּ	1	Eliphaz is describing how the wicked experience the destruction and loss of their property, and he is speaking of that destruction as if it were a living thing that **comes upon** the wicked. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his property is suddenly destroyed” or “he suddenly loses his property”
 15:22	i3pk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	1	Eliphaz is speaking as if this wicked person has literally gone to a place where there is **darkness** and as if that wicked person does not believe that he can **return** from there. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He does not believe that his troubles will ever end”
 15:22	j477		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ין שׁ֭וּב מִנִּי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ	1	If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this with a positive expression. Alternate translation: “He believes that he will always have troubles”
-15:22	j478		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב\n	1	It is possible that this second part of the verse also describes what wicked people **believe**. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he is afraid that he is selected for the sword”
+15:22	j478		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְצָפ֖וּי & ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב\n	1	It is possible that this second part of the verse also describes what wicked people **believe**. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he is afraid that he is selected for the sword”
 15:22	j479		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	וְצָפ֖וּי ה֣וּא אֱלֵי־חָֽרֶב	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and God has selected him for the sword” or “and God has determined that someone will kill him with a sword”
 15:22	lh1i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	חָֽרֶב	1	Eliphaz is using one kind of deadly weapon, the **sword**, by association to mean violent death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “violent death”
 15:23	j480		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	 נֹ֘דֵ֤ד ה֣וּא לַ⁠לֶּ֣חֶם אַיֵּ֑ה	1	If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “He is wandering for bread, asking where it is” or “He is wandering for bread, wondering where he will find it”
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 15:30	a9ha		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ֝⁠יָס֗וּר בְּ⁠ר֣וּחַ פִּֽי⁠ו	1	Eliphaz is speaking as if a hot wind that dried up plants were actually **breath** from God’s **mouth**. (The same image appears elsewhere in the Bible, for example, in [Isaiah 40:7](../isa/40/07.md), “The grass withers, the flower wilts, for the breath of Yahweh blows on it.”) If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “yes, God will destroy him”
 15:30	j489		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	פִּֽי⁠ו	1	The pronoun **his** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “God’s mouth”
 15:30	rxv1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	וְ֝⁠יָס֗וּר	1	Eliphaz is using the word **depart** to mean “die.” This is a mild way of referring to death. Your language may have a similar expression that you could use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “and he will pass away” or “and he will die”
-15:31	lr37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	אַל־יַאֲמֵ֣ן ב⁠שו נִתְעָ֑ה\n	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **emptiness** and **recompense**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “Let him not trust in things that have no value… for in return he will receive things that have no value”
+15:31	lr37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	אַל־יַאֲמֵ֣ן ב⁠שו & נִתְעָ֑ה	1	If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **emptiness** and **recompense**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “Let him not trust in things that have no value… for in return he will receive things that have no value”
 15:32	j490		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	בְּֽ⁠לֹא־י֭וֹמ⁠וֹ	1	Eliphaz assumes that Job will understand that by **his day**, he means the day for the wicked to die. You could say that explicitly if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “When it is not his day to die” or “Before the time would have come for him to die”
 15:32	j491		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	תִּמָּלֵ֑א	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this will happen”
 15:32	s26k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ֝⁠כִפָּת֗⁠וֹ לֹ֣א רַעֲנָֽנָה	1	Eliphaz is continuing the image from the previous verse of the wicked person being like a plant or bush. He is speaking of this plant or bush being alive by association with the way that its branches would be **green** inside if it were alive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “yes, he will die”
@@ -1446,7 +1446,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 20:intro	p78g				0	# Job 20 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is the second speech of Job’s friend Zophar. In this chapter, Zophar speaks more strongly to Job than he did the first time spoke to him.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Zophar answering Job with his own words\n\nIn [7:8](../07/08.md), as Job was appealing to God, he said, “The eye of the one seeing me will not regard me; your eyes will be on me, but I will not exist.” Zophar says in [20:9](../20/09.md) about the wicked person, “The eye that saw him will not continue.” Job said in [7:10](../01/01.md) of himself as a mortal person, “He will not return again to his house, and his place will not know him again.” Zophar says of the wicked person in [20:9](../01/01.md), “his place will no longer observe him.” In both instances Zophar is suggesting that Job himself is a wicked person, using Job’s own words.\n\nSimilarly, Zophar says in [20:27](../20/27.md) of the wicked person that “the heavens will reveal his iniquity, and the earth will raise itself up against him” as a witness. In [16:18](../16/18.md), Job called upon the earth to see that he received justice, and in [16:19](../16/19.md), Job said that he had an advocate in the heavens. So Zophar is likely answering Job once again in his own words, implying that Job himself is a wicked person of the type that he has been describing in his speech.\n\nTo help your readers appreciate how Zophar is answering Job with his own words, you may wish to translate what Zophar says in these instances similarly to the way you translated what Job said earlier.\n\n### Indelicate images that Zophar uses\n\nAs noted above, Zophar speaks strongly to Job in this speech. He uses a couple of images drawn from bodily functions that people in your culture might consider indelicate to include in a Bible translation. If so, you could use comparable images. Zophar says in [20:7](../20/07.md) of the wicked person, “he will perish forever like his dung.” You could refer to something else that disappears completely, saying, for example, “he will perish forever like the dust that the wind blows away.” Zophar says of the wicked person in [20:15](../20/15.md), “He swallows wealth, but he will vomit it.” You might say instead something such as, “Though he may become rich, he will lose all his money.”
 20:2	j583		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	לָ֭⁠כֵן	1	Zophar is using the word **Therefore** to introduce the reason he is about to give for why he is speaking to Job again. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “This is why”
 20:2	eef1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	שְׂעִפַּ֣⁠י יְשִׁיב֑וּ⁠נִי	1	Zophar is speaking of his **thoughts** as if they were a living thing that could **turn** him **back**, that is, make him turn around and return to Job as if he had left him. He means that he wants to speak to Job again and share what he is thinking in response to what Job has just said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I need to speak to you again and tell you what I am thinking”
-20:2	wy6h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo	וּ֝⁠בַ⁠עֲב֗וּר ח֣וּשִׁ⁠י בִֽ⁠י\n	1	It might seem that this expression contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you can shorten it. Alternate translation: “because I feel such urgency”
+20:2	wy6h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo	וּ֝⁠בַ⁠עֲב֗וּר ח֣וּשִׁ⁠י בִֽ⁠י	1	It might seem that this expression contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you can shorten it. Alternate translation: “because I feel such urgency”
 20:3	m5c5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	מוּסַ֣ר כְּלִמָּתִ֣⁠י	1	Zophar is using this possessive form to describe a **rebuke** that he feels has brought **dishonor** to him. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “a rebuke that dishonors me”
 20:3	pk2s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וְ֝⁠ר֗וּחַ מִֽ⁠בִּינָתִ֥⁠י יַעֲנֵֽ⁠נִי	1	Zophar is speaking as if there were a **spirit** in his **understanding** that could **answer** him, that is, show him how to respond to Job. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but I have had a good idea that enables me to understand how I should respond”
 20:4	um5p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠זֹ֣את יָ֭דַעְתָּ מִנִּי־עַ֑ד מִנִּ֤י שִׂ֖ים אָדָ֣ם עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ	1	Zophar is using the question form for emphasis. (The question continues into the next verse.) If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Surely you are aware of this from long ago, from the placing of man upon the earth”
@@ -1597,7 +1597,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 21:19	j654		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם אֵלָ֣י⁠ו וְ⁠יֵדָֽע	1	The first instance of **him** refers to God, while the second instance of **him** and the word **he** refer to a wicked person. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Let God repay to the wicked person, and that person will know”
 21:19	j655		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם אֵלָ֣י⁠ו	1	Here the word **repay** has the sense of “punish.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Let God punish him”
 21:19	iyl4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	וְ⁠יֵדָֽע	1	Job means implicitly that if God would **repay** or punish the wicked person, then that person would **know** that he was guilty of sinning. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he will know that he is guilty of sinning”
-21:20	j2ut		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	יִרְא֣וּ עֵינָ֣יו כִּיד֑⁠וֹ\n	1	Job is using one part of the wicked person, his **eyes**, to mean all of him in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Let him see his own destruction”
+21:20	j2ut		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	יִרְא֣וּ עֵינָ֣יו & כִּיד֑⁠וֹ	1	Job is using one part of the wicked person, his **eyes**, to mean all of him in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Let him see his own destruction”
 21:20	wq4y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠מֵ⁠חֲמַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יִשְׁתֶּֽה	1	Job is speaking as if **the wrath of Shaddai** were a liquid that a wicked person could literally **drink**. He means that he wishes that wicked people would experience that wrath. Alternate translation: “and let him experience the wrath of Shaddai” or “and let Shaddai punish him in his wrath”
 21:21	j656		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases	כִּ֤י	1	Job is using the word **For** to introduce the reason why he said in the previous two verses that God should punish wicked people themselves rather than their children. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Let the wicked person himself suffer, for”
 21:21	vtu2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מַה־חֶפְצ֣⁠וֹ בְּ⁠בֵית֣⁠וֹ אַחֲרָ֑י⁠ו וּ⁠מִסְפַּ֖ר חֳדָשָׁ֣י⁠ו חֻצָּֽצוּ	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “he has no interest in his house after him when the number of his months is cut off!”
@@ -1812,7 +1812,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 23:17	qpa8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וּ֝⁠מִ⁠פָּנַ֗⁠י כִּסָּה־אֹֽפֶל	1	In this instance, the phrase **from my face ** means “in front of.” It could refer either to place or to time. Alternate translation: “and gloom covers everything in front of me” or “and gloom covers everything that will happen to me in the future”
 23:17	j748		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ֝⁠מִ⁠פָּנַ֗⁠י כִּסָּה־אֹֽפֶל	1	Job is speaking as if **gloom** were literally covering everything in front of him or everything that would happen to him in the future. He is using **gloom**, like **darkness** earlier in the verse, to represent troubles. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and there is trouble everywhere I look” or “and I can only anticipate further trouble happening to me”
 24:intro	e2gb				0	# Job 24 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is the continuation of Job’s response to Eliphaz’s third and final speech. Job’s response began in the previous chapter.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Special Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God’s judgment of wicked people\n\nIn verses 1–17, Job protests that God does not judge wicked people. He lists many oppressive things that wicked people do to vulnerable, innocent people, and he complains that God acts as if there were nothing wrong with those things. But in verses 18–24, Job then describes how God actually does judge wicked people. There is an explanation for this apparent contradiction. In the speech as a whole, Job is saying that he knows God will judge wicked people in the end, but it is very distressing to him that God does not judge and punish them now in order to keep them from continuing to oppress vulnerable people. In your translation, you can use language that shows that Job firmly believes what he says in both parts of the chapter, since it is actually consistent for him to say both that God seemingly does not judge wicked people now and that God ultimately will judge wicked people in the end. This is not a contradiction, it is a paradox, and the Bible speaks of it in other passages as well. For example, [Ecclesiastes 8:11](../08/11.md) says that because God does not immediately punish people who do wrong, people feel that they can get away with doing wrong. But Ecclesiastes goes on to say in the next verse that even if a sinner might do a hundred evil things and live a long time, it is still better to obey God.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Changing referents of “they”\n\nJob uses the word “they” throughout this chapter to mean both wicked people and the poor people whom they exploit. He does not often indicate when he changing the referent of the word. Notes indicate the referent in each verse. In your translation, to be helpful to your readers, you may wish to specify “wicked people” or “poor people” each time the referent changes.
-24:1	thc8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭⁠שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽי⁠ו\n	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “Times should be set by Shaddai! The ones knowing him ought to see his days!”
+24:1	thc8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭⁠שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו & לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽי⁠ו	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “Times should be set by Shaddai! The ones knowing him ought to see his days!”
 24:1	ej3y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	מַדּ֗וּעַ מִ֭⁠שַּׁדַּי לֹא־נִצְפְּנ֣וּ עִתִּ֑ים	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Why does Shaddai not set times” or, as an exclamation, “Shaddai should set times!”
 24:1	mg7h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	עִתִּ֑ים	1	Job implicitly means **times** for judgment. (See the discussion in the General Notes to chapter 23 of how judges in Israel would come to specific places at appointed times.) You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “times for judgment”
 24:1	j749		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וְ֝יֹדְעָ֗יו לֹא־חָ֥זוּ יָמָֽי⁠ו	1	In this context, to **see** means to experience. See how you translated the similar expression in [7:7](../07/07.md). Alternate translation: “And why do the ones knowing him not experience his days?”
@@ -2191,7 +2191,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 29:19	j897		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ֝⁠טַ֗ל יָלִ֥ין בִּ⁠קְצִירִֽ⁠י	1	Job was speaking as if the **dew** had been a traveler that had found lodging for the night on a **branch** of the tree that he was using to represent himself. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and dew forms at night on my branches”
 29:20	j898		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	כְּ֭בוֹדִ⁠י חָדָ֣שׁ עִמָּדִ֑⁠י וְ֝⁠קַשְׁתִּ֗⁠י בְּ⁠יָדִ֥⁠י תַחֲלִֽיף	1	If you have been translating this quotation in such a way that there is not a quotation within a quotation, you can continue doing that here. Alternate translation: “I said that my glory was fresh in me and that my bow sprouted in my hand”
 29:20	j899		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	כְּ֭בוֹדִ⁠י חָדָ֣שׁ עִמָּדִ֑⁠י	1	Job means implicitly that the **glory** or honor that he enjoys is always **fresh** because people keep honoring him in new ways. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “People keep honoring me in new ways”
-29:20	bz9x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ֝⁠קַשְׁתִּ֗⁠י בְּ⁠יָדִ֥⁠י תַחֲלִֽיף׃\n	1	Job is speaking as if he had a **bow**, a weapon that he used with arrows, and that it grew freshly in his **hand** the way that a branch sprouts from a tree trunk. (Job uses the same verb for “sprout” in [14:7–9](../14/07.md) to describe a tree reviving and sending out shoots when moisture returns to the ground.) He means that the bow, which represents his strength, is lively and vigorous. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I stay vigorously strong”
+29:20	bz9x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ֝⁠קַשְׁתִּ֗⁠י בְּ⁠יָדִ֥⁠י תַחֲלִֽיף	1	Job is speaking as if he had a **bow**, a weapon that he used with arrows, and that it grew freshly in his **hand** the way that a branch sprouts from a tree trunk. (Job uses the same verb for “sprout” in [14:7–9](../14/07.md) to describe a tree reviving and sending out shoots when moisture returns to the ground.) He means that the bow, which represents his strength, is lively and vigorous. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I stay vigorously strong”
 29:21	j901		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result	לִֽ⁠י־שָׁמְע֥וּ וְ⁠יִחֵ֑לּוּ	1	If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Because people were waiting to hear what I would say, they listened to me”
 29:21	j900		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	שָׁמְע֥וּ	1	**They** is an indefinite pronoun that does not have a specific referent in the immediate context. (As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, Job continues to use the pronoun “they” with this same indefinite sense through to the end of the chapter.) If it would be helpful in your language, here and in the following verses you could translate the term with an equivalent expression that does not use an indefinite pronoun. Alternate translation: “People listened”
 29:22	j902		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	אַחֲרֵ֣י דְ֭בָרִ⁠י	1	Job is using the term **word** to mean what he said by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “After I had spoken”
@@ -2284,7 +2284,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 30:23	a3ym		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וּ⁠בֵ֖ית מוֹעֵ֣ד לְ⁠כָל־חָֽי	1	Job is speaking as if Sheol were a **house** in which dead people lived. He means that it is the place to which people go when they die. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to the place of appointment to all the living”
 30:23	j927		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	וּ⁠בֵ֖ית מוֹעֵ֣ד לְ⁠כָל־חָֽי	1	Job is using this possessive form to indicate that God has appointed Sheol as the place where living people are to go when they die. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “and to the place God has appointed for living people to go when they die”
 30:23	nf6m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	חָֽי	1	Job is using the adjective **living** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “living people”
-30:24	s7pp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	לֹא־בְ֭⁠עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד אִם־בְּ֝⁠פִיד֗⁠וֹ לָהֶ֥ן שֽׁוּעַ\n	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “one in a heap certainly stretches out a hand! He certainly cries out because he is in trouble!”
+30:24	s7pp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	לֹא־בְ֭⁠עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד אִם־בְּ֝⁠פִיד֗⁠וֹ לָהֶ֥ן & שֽׁוּעַ	1	Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “one in a heap certainly stretches out a hand! He certainly cries out because he is in trouble!”
 30:24	j928		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	לֹא־בְ֭⁠עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד	1	Job is using a hypothetical situation as an example and applying it by implication to his own situation. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “if someone is in a heap of ruins, then he certainly stretches out a hand, and in the same way I am calling to you for help.”
 30:24	giv9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	לֹא־בְ֭⁠עִי יִשְׁלַח־יָ֑ד	1	Reaching out with one’s **hand** when in a desperate situation is a symbolic action that constitutes an appeal for help. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “does not one in a heap of ruins appeal for help”
 30:24	ly2e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אִם־בְּ֝⁠פִיד֗⁠וֹ לָהֶ֥ן שֽׁוּעַ	1	Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a contrary answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “He cries out because he is in trouble, does he not”
@@ -2549,9 +2549,9 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 33:27	t53p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	וַ⁠יֹּ֗אמֶר חָ֭טָאתִי וְ⁠יָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי וְ⁠לֹא־שָׁ֥וָה לִֽ⁠י	1	If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “and say that he sinned and turned aside uprightness but that God did not requite to him”
 33:27	k030		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠יָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי	1	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **uprightness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and I turned aside what was right”
 33:27	k031		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	וְ⁠יָשָׁ֥ר הֶעֱוֵ֗יתִי	1	Elihu is speaking of **uprightness** as if it were a living thing that had been walking down the right path and he **turned** it **aside** so that it began going down the wrong path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I did what was not right”
-33:28	u2a3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	פָּדָ֣ה נַ֭פְשׁוֹ מֵ⁠עֲבֹ֣ר בַּ⁠שָּׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ בָּ⁠א֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה\n	1	If you decided in the previous verse to translate this quotation in such a way that there would not be a quotation within a quotation, you can continue doing that here. Alternate translation: “He will say that God has redeemed his soul from going over into the pit and that his life life will see light”
+33:28	u2a3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	פָּדָ֣ה נַ֭פְשׁוֹ & מֵ⁠עֲבֹ֣ר בַּ⁠שָּׁ֑חַת וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ & בָּ⁠א֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה	1	If you decided in the previous verse to translate this quotation in such a way that there would not be a quotation within a quotation, you can continue doing that here. Alternate translation: “He will say that God has redeemed his soul from going over into the pit and that his life life will see light”
 33:28	wt12		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	נַ֭פְשׁוֹ & וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ	1	Elihu is using parts of this person, his **soul** and his **life**, to mean all of him in the act of being redeemed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “me … and I”
-33:28	f6ps		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ בָּ⁠א֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה\n	1	This person is using the term **light** by association to mean life on earth. As in many other places in the book, here the realm of the living is described as a place of light, by contrast with the realm of the dead, which is a place of darkness. (For example, in [18:18](../18/18.md), “They will drive him from light into darkness, and they will chase him from the world.”) If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I will continue to live on earth”
+33:28	f6ps		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	וְ֝חַיָּתוֹ & בָּ⁠א֥וֹר תִּרְאֶֽה\n	1	This person is using the term **light** by association to mean life on earth. As in many other places in the book, here the realm of the living is described as a place of light, by contrast with the realm of the dead, which is a place of darkness. (For example, in [18:18](../18/18.md), “They will drive him from light into darkness, and they will chase him from the world.”) If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I will continue to live on earth”
 33:29	w47t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	פַּעֲמַ֖יִם שָׁל֣וֹשׁ	1	As he did in verse 14, here Elihu is naming a number that should be sufficient to illustrate his point and then increasing that number by one for emphasis. This was a common device in Hebrew poetry. If a speaker of your language would not do this, in your translation you could express the emphasis another way. Alternate translation: “again and again”
 33:30	m27i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	נַ֭פְשׁ⁠וֹ	1	Elihu is using one part of this person, his **soul**, to mean all of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “him”
 33:30	myd4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	לֵ֝⁠א֗וֹר בְּ⁠א֣וֹר הַֽ⁠חַיִּים	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that he can enlighten him with the light of the living”
@@ -3041,7 +3041,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 38:40	g23n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	בַ⁠סֻּכָּ֣ה	1	The general term **shelter** refers implicitly to a thicket or some other place where a lioness could conceal herself. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “in a thicket”
 38:41	k262		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	לָ⁠עֹרֵ֗ב צֵ֫יד֥⁠וֹ כִּֽי־יְ֭לָדָיו	1	Yahweh is not referring to a specific **raven**. He means ravens in general. It may be more natural in your language to express this meaning by using plural forms. Alternate translation: “food for the ravens when their children”
 38:41	hc2b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	לָ⁠עֹרֵ֗ב צֵ֫יד֥⁠וֹ	1	A **raven** is a large bird with shiny black feathers that feeds on dead animals. If your readers would not be familiar with what a raven is, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable bird in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “food for the birds”
-38:41	y9ey		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	כִּֽי־יְ֭לָדָיו אֶל־אֵ֣ל יְשַׁוֵּ֑עוּ\n	1	Yahweh is referring to how baby birds chirp loudly and continually when they need food. He is saying that he hears this as a prayer, as if the baby birds were crying out to him for what they needed. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “when its offspring chirp loudly for food as if they were crying out to God for it”
+38:41	y9ey		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	כִּֽי־יְ֭לָדָיו & אֶל־אֵ֣ל יְשַׁוֵּ֑עוּ\n	1	Yahweh is referring to how baby birds chirp loudly and continually when they need food. He is saying that he hears this as a prayer, as if the baby birds were crying out to him for what they needed. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “when its offspring chirp loudly for food as if they were crying out to God for it”
 38:41	k263		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	אֶל־אֵ֣ל	1	Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: “to me”
 38:41	nde9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	יִ֝תְע֗וּ לִ⁠בְלִי־אֹֽכֶל	1	Yahweh is speaking as if the baby ravens would literally **stagger**, that is, walk as if they could barely stand up. He means that they would act in a way that showed they were weak with hunger. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when they are weak with hunger”
 39:intro	l9e1				0	# Job 39 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter is a continuation of Yahweh’s response to Job.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\nIn this chapter, Yahweh continues to ask Job questions that show that Job does not understand the workings of the created world. Yahweh began to ask Job questions about animals and birds in [38:39](../38/39.md); he continues to do that in this chapter.\n\nThe implication continues to be that if Job does not understand and cannot explain how God makes things work in the visible creation, he certainly does not understand and cannot explain what God is doing as he works in unseen, mysterious ways to accomplish his purposes in the lives of people and over the course of human history.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### The nature of Yahweh’s questions to Job\n\nAs in the previous chapter, Yahweh may want Job to try to answer the questions he is asking so that Job will have to admit that he does not know the answers. Alternatively, Yahweh may be using the question form for emphasis. Consider the most appropriate way to translate each of the questions in this chapter.
@@ -3070,7 +3070,7 @@ front:intro	u3jc				0	# Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
 39:10	gny8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אִם־יְשַׂדֵּ֖ד עֲמָקִ֣ים אַחֲרֶֽי⁠ךָ	1	In this culture, farmers would lead a draft animal from the front as it pulled a harrow behind it. That is why Yahweh says **after you**. If farmers in your culture who harrow with draft animals instead walk behind the harrow, you could translate this in a way that expressed the general meaning without specifying a particular method of harrowing. Alternate translation: “Could you use it to harrow your fields in the valleys”
 39:10	uq7t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	יְשַׂדֵּ֖ד עֲמָקִ֣ים	1	To **harrow** means to smooth and break up soil once it has been plowed. If your readers would not be familiar with what it means to harrow a field, in your translation you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “it will pull a light implement to smooth and break up the soil in your fields in the valleys”
 39:11	au79		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הֲֽ⁠תִבְטַח־בּ֭⁠וֹ כִּי־רַ֣ב כֹּח֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠תַעֲזֹ֖ב אֵלָ֣י⁠ו יְגִיעֶֽ⁠ךָ	1	Yahweh means implicitly that Job or any other human being would not be able to trust a wild ox as a farm animal, because it could not be trained to do field work. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Would you really be able to trust a wild ox, because it was so strong, to do the hard part of your farm work”
-39:12	ht1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הֲ⁠תַאֲמִ֣ין בּ֭⁠וֹ כִּי־יָשִׁ֣יב זַרְעֶ֑⁠ךָ וְֽ⁠גָרְנְ⁠ךָ֥ יֶאֱסֹֽף\n	1	As in the previous verse, Yahweh means implicitly that Job or any other human being would not be able to depend on a wild ox to do the work of a farm animal. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Would you really be able to depend on it to bring in your grain from your fields to your threshing floor”
+39:12	ht1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הֲ⁠תַאֲמִ֣ין בּ֭⁠וֹ כִּי־יָשִׁ֣יב & זַרְעֶ֑⁠ךָ וְֽ⁠גָרְנְ⁠ךָ֥ יֶאֱסֹֽף	1	As in the previous verse, Yahweh means implicitly that Job or any other human being would not be able to depend on a wild ox to do the work of a farm animal. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Would you really be able to depend on it to bring in your grain from your fields to your threshing floor”
 39:13	k270		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun	כְּנַף־רְנָנִ֥ים נֶעֱלָ֑סָה	1	Since the word **wing** applies to many **ostriches**, it may be more natural in your language to express this meaning by using a plural form. Alternate translation: “The wings of ostriches flap vigorously”
 39:13	k698		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	כְּנַף־רְנָנִ֥ים נֶעֱלָ֑סָה	1	Ostriches cannot fly; this is a reference to the way they flap their wings vigorously when they run. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “The wings of ostriches flap vigorously when they run”
 39:13	c9hc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	רְנָנִ֥ים	1	See how you translated the expression “daughters of clamor” in [30:29](../30/29.md). Here Yahweh uses a different term for the same kind of bird.