DCS-Mirror
/
unfoldingWord_en_tn
mirror of https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn
2
0
Fork 0
Files Issues Releases Wiki Activity See in Reader

Edits through Proverbs 11 (#3219) 

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3219
This commit is contained in:
avaldizan 2023-05-01 18:48:13 +00:00
parent 044308201b
commit 53fae3849e
1 changed files with 154 additions and 53 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

207
tn_PRO.tsv
View File

@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
1:5 lrm2 0 This verse is parenthetical and interrupts the list of purposes for proverbs in [1:2–6](../01/02.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could add parentheses, as in the ULT, or use a natural way in your language to indicate a parenthetical statement.
1:5 gagy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism יִשְׁמַ֣ע חָ֭כָם וְ⁠י֣וֹסֶף לֶ֑קַח וְ֝⁠נָב֗וֹן תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת יִקְנֶֽה 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first clause by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “a wise one will hear and increase insight, yes, the understanding one will acquire guidance”
1:5 r7sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יִשְׁמַ֣ע חָ֭כָם 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “a wise one will hear these proverbs”
1:5 sddg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת יִקְנֶֽה 1 The author implies that this person **will acquire guidance** from proverbs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will acquire guidance from these proverbs”
1:5 ykul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea **guidance**, you could express the same ides in another way. Alternate translation: “what guides”
1:5 sddg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת יִקְנֶֽה 1 The author implies that this person **will acquire directions** from proverbs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will acquire directions from these proverbs”
1:5 ykul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תַּחְבֻּל֥וֹת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea **directions**, you could express the same ides in another way. Alternate translation: “what directs”
1:6 kp7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לְ⁠הָבִ֣ין מָ֭שָׁל וּ⁠מְלִיצָ֑ה דִּבְרֵ֥י חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים וְ⁠חִידֹתָֽ⁠ם 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first clause by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word that indicates that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “to understand a proverb and a satire, yes, to understand the words of the wise ones and their riddles”
1:6 rcl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְ⁠הָבִ֣ין מָ֭שָׁל וּ⁠מְלִיצָ֑ה 1 Here, **to** indicates a fifth purpose for proverbs. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. You may want to begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “These proverbs are for the purpose of understanding a proverb and a satire”
1:6 h2dv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis דִּבְרֵ֥י חֲ֝כָמִ֗ים 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “to understand the words of the wise ones”
@ -645,9 +645,8 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
6:15 fz64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יָב֣וֹא 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **calamity** occurring as if it were a person who could **come** to someone else. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will occur”
6:15 j5gd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his calamity will break him”
6:15 qzeh וְ⁠אֵ֣ין מַרְפֵּֽא 1 Alternate translation: “and he will not heal”
6:16 it1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שֶׁשׁ־הֵ֭נָּה שָׂנֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝⁠שֶׁ֗בַע תועבות נַפְשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 To make a comprehensive statement, Solomon is using a rhetorical device in which the speaker names a number that should be sufficient to illustrate his point and then increases that number by one for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh absolutely hates these seven things, and they are abominations of his spirit”
6:16 it1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שֶׁשׁ־הֵ֭נָּה שָׂנֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝⁠שֶׁ֗בַע תועבות נַפְשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 To make a comprehensive statement, Solomon is using a rhetorical device in which the speaker names a number that should be sufficient to illustrate his point and then increases that number by one for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh absolutely hates these seven things, and they are abominations to his spirit”
6:16 akh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj שֶׁשׁ & וְ֝⁠שֶׁ֗בַע 1 Solomon is using the adjectives **Six** and **seven** as nouns to mean **six** and **seven** things. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Six things … and seven things”
6:16 p2e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תועבות נַפְשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe what **his spirit** considers to be **abominations**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are what his spirit considers to be abominations” or “are what his spirit considers to be abominable”
6:16 zqfk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תועבות 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **abominations**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are abominable to”
6:16 f9x2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נַפְשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 Here, **spirit** refers to **Yahweh** himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “him”
6:17 zib9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֵינַ֣יִם רָ֭מוֹת 1 Here, Solomon refers to pride as **uplifted eyes**, which is a characteristic facial expression of proud people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “pride”
@ -1072,7 +1071,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:7 edf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ⁠שֵׁ֖ם 1 Although **name** here is singular, it refers to the names of all the **wicked ones** in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different form. Alternate translation: “but the names of”
10:7 e1w8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠שֵׁ֖ם 1 Here, **name** refers to a person’s reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the reputation of” or “but what people think of”
10:7 s7ja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִרְקָֽב 1 Here, Solomon speaks of people forgetting **the name of the wicked ones** as if that **name** is an object that rots and disappears. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “will be forgotten” or “will be forgotten like something that rots away”
10:8 m4yh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom חֲכַם־לֵ֭ב 1 This phrase refers to a **wise** person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A wise person”
10:8 m4yh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom חֲכַם־לֵ֭ב 1 This phrase refers to a person who thinks wisely. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A wise thinker”
10:8 q33f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִקַּ֣ח מִצְוֺ֑ת 1 Here, Solomon refers to obeying **commands** as if they were objects that a person **receives**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “obeys commands”
10:8 vu21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִצְוֺ֑ת 1 Solomon implies that **wise** people obey good **commands**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “good commands”
10:8 lays rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וֶ⁠אֱוִ֥יל שְׂ֝פָתַ֗יִם 1 Here, **the one stupid of lips** refers to someone who speaks foolishly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar expression in your language or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but a chattering fool” or “but one who speaks stupidly”
@ -1180,54 +1179,156 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
10:32 bx51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָצ֑וֹן 1 See how you translated **favor** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
10:32 scfp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תַּהְפֻּכֽוֹת 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but the mouth of the wicked ones knows perverse things” or “but the mouth of the wicked ones expresses perverse things”
10:32 ay8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [10:6](../10/06.md).
11:intro uk6v 0 # Proverbs 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
11:1 hzq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\nMany verses in Chapter 11 are contrasting parallelisms
11:1 g3jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh hates scales that are not accurate 0 “Scales” represent measuring accurately in negotiating. Alternate translation: “God hates deceiving scales” or “God hates it when people are deceitful”
11:1 pe2q but he delights in a precise weight 0 Here, **precise weight** represents accuracy in negotiating. Alternate translation: “but he delights in honest ways” or “but he is happy when people are honest”
11:3 rj24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the treacherous 0 This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “treacherous people” or “those who are treacherous”
11:4 r538 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Wealth is worthless on the day of wrath 0 The “day of wrath” represents a specific event, such as the “day of Yahweh” or “judgment day” or “last days.” Alternate translation: “A person’s wealth will do him no good when God comes to judge”
11:5 lc4r makes his way straight 0 Alternate translation: “has clear direction”
11:5 vhe9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wicked 0 This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “those who are wicked”
11:6 v49j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the treacherous 0 This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “those who are treacherous”
11:6 b5vy the treacherous are trapped by their cravings 0 Alternate translation: “those who do evil are captured by their passions”
11:6 rhq7 treacherous 0 ready to betray trust; traitorous; deceptive
11:7 dz8x the hope that was in his strength 0 Alternate translation: “the confidence he has in his own power”
11:7 zn33 comes to nothing 0 Alternate translation: “disappears”
11:8 z4am rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The righteous person is kept away from trouble 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God keeps away from trouble the person who does what is right”
11:8 u873 it comes 0 Alternate translation: “trouble comes”
11:9 r7vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy With his mouth the godless 0 “Mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “The words of the godless”
11:11 sim1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the city becomes great 0 “City” represents the community or people group. Alternate translation: “the people group prospers” or “the community becomes prosperous”
11:11 p4sd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy by the mouth of the wicked 0 “Mouth” represents what a person says. Alternate translation: “the words of evil people”
11:13 en2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor keeps a matter covered 0 “Covered” represents keeping things concealed as much as possible. Alternate translation: “does not tell” or “does not speak about the matter”
11:14 a9wq advisors 0 those who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors
11:15 j2ce one who hates giving 0 Alternate translation: “one who refuses to give”
11:16 bvh9 ruthless people 0 people without pity or compassion; cruel people
11:16 h7rd grasp for wealth 0 Alternate translation: “are greedy for wealth”
11:17 dxp9 one who 0 Alternate translation: “a person who”
11:18 imr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor sows what is right 0 To “sow” represents spreading out to gain more. Alternate translation: “spreads out what is right”
11:18 ln8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor reaps the wages of truth 0 To “reap” represents acquiring or gathering in” Alternate translation: “will surely be rewarded”
11:19 ibb6 the one who 0 Alternate translation: “the person who”
11:19 un2d pursues evil 0 Alternate translation: “chases after evil” or “seeks to do evil”
11:20 r5lt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy whose hearts are perverse 0 “Heart” represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate translation: “who have wicked thoughts”
11:21 gh2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes will not go unpunished 0 This phrase uses a negative to emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “will certainly be punished”
11:22 y2me rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Like a gold ring … without discretion 0 A beautiful woman without discretion is compared to a useless and unsuitable golden ring in a pig’s nose.
11:22 fe2p without discretion 0 Alternate translation: “without common sense” or “who is foolish”
11:24 x29n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor There is one who scatters—he will accumulate even more 0 This is a metaphor for a person who becomes more wealthy by being generous. Alternate translation: “Some people give freely to others and yet become more wealthy”
11:24 v6x4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit one who scatters 0 You may need to make explicit that the person scatters seeds for crops to grow. Alternate translation: “one who scatters much seed” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11:24 gmp8 will accumulate even more 0 Alternate translation: “will gain even more”
11:24 p1q7 withholds what he should give 0 This refers to a person who thinks that he can become rich by refusing to be generous.
11:25 q9vb will prosper 0 Alternate translation: “will gain more”
11:25 lf1i the one who 0 Alternate translation: “the generous person who” or “anyone who”
11:26 eb69 the man who refuses to sell 0 This describes the person who hoards his wealth instead of helping those in need.
11:26 h1qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor good gifts crown the head of him who sells it 0 “Crown” represents the reward or award for the person who is willing to sell grain. Alternate translation: “good gifts are given as a crown of honor to him who sells it” or “the person who sells it is honored with many blessings”
11:27 k6ug The one who diligently seeks 0 the one who seeks with careful and continued effort
11:28 q218 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom will fall 0 This is an idiom. Here “fall” represents destruction or failure. Alternate translation: “will be destroyed” or “awaits a bad future”
11:28 p1e2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like the leaf, righteous people will flourish 0 “Leaf” represents growth and prosperity. Alternate translation: “righteous people will prosper in the same way a healthy green leaf grows”
11:28 mf6v righteous people will flourish 0 This means that righteous people will thrive or prosper.
11:29 p1pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor inherit the wind 0 The “wind” is a metaphor for something that cannot be grasped or has no value. Alternate translation: “inherit nothing” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11:30 q7ul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile The righteous person will be like a tree of life 0 A person who does what is right is compared to a tree that produces life as its fruit. Alternate translation: “Those who do right will bring life to themselves and others”
11:30 hlz7 tree of life 0 See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md).
11:31 s8p9 how much more 0 Alternate translation: “even more so”
11:intro uk6v 0 # Proverbs 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [11:7](../11/07.md), [11:10](../11/10.md), [22](../11/22.md), [25](../11/25.md), and [11:29–31](../11/29.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
11:1 nux3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מֹאזְנֵ֣י & וְ⁠אֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה 1 Solomon does not mean that **Yahweh** actually hates these **Scales** or has **delight** in this **whole stone**. Rather, he means that **Yahweh** hates people using these **Scales** and has **delight** in people using **a whole stone**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The use of scales of … but the use of a whole stone”
11:1 wl8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה 1 **Scales** describes an instrument for determining the weight of an object or comparing the weight of two objects. It consists of a central post with a crossbar from which two pans are hung. An object may be placed in one pan and known weights placed in the other pan until the crossbar remains level, meaning that both pans contain an equal weight. Or one object may be placed in one pan and a different object in the other pan; the pan that hangs lower contains the heavier object. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of weighing instrument, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “a balancing scale of deceit” or “a weighing instrument of deceit”\n
11:1 qsoh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֹאזְנֵ֣י מִ֭רְמָה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **Scales** that are used for **deceit**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Scales used to deceive people” or “Scales people use to deceive others”
11:1 g3jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated **an abomination to Yahweh** in [3:32](../03/32.md).
11:1 pe2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠אֶ֖בֶן שְׁלֵמָ֣ה 1 Here, **whole stone** refers to a **stone** people use as a weight on a pair of **Scales** that accurately weighs the **whole** amount that people expect it to weigh. If it would be helpful in your language you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but an accurate weight” or “but a stone that weighs the correct weight”
11:1 x8n5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רְצוֹנֽ⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **delight** in [8:30](../08/30.md).
11:2 fofi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בָּֽא־זָ֭דוֹן וַ⁠יָּבֹ֣א קָל֑וֹן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person acting with **presumptuousness** and experiencing **disgrace** as if **presumptuousness** and **disgrace** were people who come to someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “When someone acts with presumptuousness then that person experiences disgrace”\n
11:2 zylz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns זָ֭דוֹן 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **presumptuousness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “being presumptuous”
11:2 xgro rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential וַ⁠יָּבֹ֣א קָל֑וֹן 1 The word translated **then** at the beginning of this phrase indicates that this event happened after the even described in the previous phrase. Use a natural form in your language for introducing the next event in a sequence of events. Alternate translation: “disgrace comes afterward”
11:2 n8ow rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קָל֑וֹן & חָכְמָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **disgrace** in [6:33](../06/33.md) and **wisdom** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
11:3 bg97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תֻּמַּ֣ת יְשָׁרִ֣ים תַּנְחֵ֑⁠ם 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **integrity** as if it were a person who could **guide** a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “When upright ones act with integrity, doing so will enable them to know what to do” or “The integrity of the upright ones is like a guide for them”
11:3 rj24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תֻּמַּ֣ת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **integrity** in [1:3](../01/03.md).
11:3 k9jr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠סֶ֖לֶף בּוֹגְדִ֣ים יְשָׁדֵּֽם 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **crookedness** as if it were a person who could **destroy** a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use similes. Alternate translation: “but when treacherous ones act with crookedness, doing so will destroy them” or “but the crookedness of the treacherous ones is like a person who destroys them”
11:3 cq7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠סֶ֖לֶף 1 See how you translated a similar use of “crooked” in [2:15](../02/15.md).
11:4 wqkk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לֹא־יוֹעִ֣יל ה֭וֹן בְּ⁠י֣וֹם עֶבְרָ֑ה וּ֝⁠צְדָקָ֗ה תַּצִּ֥יל מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages both of these clauses would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Wealth will not profit you in the day of rage, but righteousness will deliver you from death” or “Wealth will not profit people in the day of rage, but righteousness will deliver people from death”
11:4 sgq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹא־יוֹעִ֣יל 1 See how you translated the same use of **profit** in [3:14](../03/14.md).
11:4 r538 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠י֣וֹם עֶבְרָ֑ה 1 Here, **the day of rage** refers to a time when God will judge wicked people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the day of Yahweh’s judgment”
11:4 fc86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּ֝⁠צְדָקָ֗ה תַּצִּ֥יל מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **righteousness** enabling a person to escape **death** as if it were a person who could **deliver** that person **from death**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “but righteousness will enable someone to be delivered from death” or “but righteousness is like someone who delivers a person from death”
11:4 zlmx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֝⁠צְדָקָ֗ה & מִ⁠מָּֽוֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md) and **death** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
11:5 lc4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צִדְקַ֣ת & וּ֝⁠בְ⁠רִשְׁעָת֗⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md) and **wickedness** in [4:17](../04/17.md).
11:5 ytaf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun תָּ֭מִים 1 The phrase **a blameless one** represents **blameless** people in general, not one particular **blameless one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any blameless person”
11:5 d5mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְּיַשֵּׁ֣ר דַּרְכּ֑⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to enabling someone to know what that person should do as making that person’s **way straight**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated a similar idea in [3:6](../03/06.md). Alternate translation: “will cause that person to know what to do”
11:5 lmxk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָשָֽׁע 1 See how you translated this phrase in [9:7](../09/07.md).
11:5 vhe9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִפֹּ֥ל 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone experiencing disaster as if that person were falling down. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will experience disaster”
11:6 v49j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צִדְקַ֣ת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **righteousness** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
11:6 av1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification צִדְקַ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים תַּצִּילֵ֑⁠ם 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **righteousness** enabling a person to escape something as if it were a person who could **deliver** that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. See how you translated a similar expression in [11:4](../11/04.md). Alternate translation: “The righteousness of the upright ones will enable them to be delivered” or “The righteousness of the upright ones is like someone who delivers them”
11:6 koj4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִלָּכֵֽדוּ 1 The pronoun **they** here refers to **the treacherous ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those treacherous ones will be captured”
11:6 b5vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִלָּכֵֽדוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone will capture them”
11:7 zn33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠מ֤וֹת אָדָ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **death**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “When a wicked man dies”
11:7 jaln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אָדָ֣ם רָ֭שָׁע 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “a wicked person”
11:7 snm5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תֹּאבַ֣ד & אָבָֽדָה 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of **expectation** and **hope** remaining unfulfilled as if they were people who could **perish**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use similes. Alternate translation: “will remain unfulfilled … remains unfulfilled” or “will be like someone who perishes … is like someone who perishes”
11:7 dz8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠תוֹחֶ֖לֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **hope** in [10:28](../10/28.md).
11:7 modb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אוֹנִ֣ים 1 Here, **strong ones** could refer to: (1) people who rely on their own strength to get what they hope for. Alternate translation: “those who rely on their own strength” (2) people who rely on their wealth to get what they hope for. Alternate translation: “those who rely on their wealth”
11:8 rh97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַ֭דִּיק & רָשָׁ֣ע 1 See how you translated **A righteous one** in [9:9](../09/09.md) and **a wicked one** in [9:7](../09/07.md).
11:8 q5ed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor צַ֭דִּיק מִ⁠צָּרָ֣ה נֶחֱלָ֑ץ וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א רָשָׁ֣ע תַּחְתָּֽי⁠ו 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of avoiding and experience **distress** as if **distress** were a place that someone could be **drawn away from** or enter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A righteous one is prevented from experiencing distress, but a wicked one experiences it instead of him”
11:8 z4am rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive צַ֭דִּיק & נֶחֱלָ֑ץ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh draws away a righteous one”
11:8 dt68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִ⁠צָּרָ֣ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **distress** in [1:27](../01/27.md).
11:8 u873 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א רָשָׁ֣ע 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “but a wicked one enters distress”
11:9 r7vl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠פֶ֗ה 1 See how you translated the same use of **mouth** in [10:11](../10/11.md).
11:9 ekbj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun חָ֭נֵף 1 The phrase **a godless one** represents **godless** people in general, not one particular **godless one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any godless person”
11:9 d00a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חָ֭נֵף 1 Here, **a godless one** refers to any person who rebels against God or behaves as if God does not exist. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “a person who rebels against God”
11:9 p5y0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations רֵעֵ֑⁠הוּ 1 Although the term **his** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “that person’s neighbor”
11:9 p5mk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֝⁠בְ⁠דַ֗עַת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
11:9 cyae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּ֝⁠בְ⁠דַ֗עַת צַדִּיקִ֥ים יֵחָלֵֽצוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but knowledge will deliver righteous ones”
11:10 f28a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּ⁠ט֣וּב צַ֭דִּיקִים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the good** things that happen to **the righteous ones**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “In the good things that happen to righteous ones” or “When good things happen to the righteous ones”
11:10 hkq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תַּעֲלֹ֣ץ קִרְיָ֑ה 1 Here, **city** refers to the people who live in a **city**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of a city exult”
11:10 mdln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ⁠בַ⁠אֲבֹ֖ד רְשָׁעִ֣ים רִנָּֽה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and when wicked ones perish, there is a shout of joy” or “and when wicked ones perish, a city gives a shout of joy”
11:11 mx3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בְּ⁠בִרְכַּ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים תָּר֣וּם קָ֑רֶת וּ⁠בְ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים תֵּהָרֵֽס 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The blessing of the upright ones raises up a city, but the mouth of the wicked ones tears down a city”
11:11 eeiz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּ⁠בִרְכַּ֣ת יְ֭שָׁרִים 1 Here, **the blessing of the upright ones** could refer to: (1) **the blessing** that **the upright ones** give to **a city**. Alternate translation: “With the blessing given by the upright ones” (2) **the blessing** that God gives **the upright ones**. Alternate translation: “With the blessing God gives the upright ones”
11:11 sim1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תָּר֣וּם קָ֑רֶת 1 Here, Solomon refers to **a city** becoming great as if it were **raised up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a city is made great”
11:11 p4sd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בְ⁠פִ֥י 1 See how you translated the same use of **mouth** in [10:11](../10/11.md).
11:11 d0z9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תֵּהָרֵֽס 1 Here, Solomon uses **a city** being **torn down** to refer to it being destroyed, which could include tearing **down** its walls and buildings. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a city is destroyed”
11:12 z5t5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּז־לְ⁠רֵעֵ֥⁠הוּ 1 Contrasting this clause with the second clause indicates that Solomon is referring to someone who **despises his neighbor** by what he says. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “One who vocally despises his neighbor” or “One who despises his neighbor in what he says”
11:12 l0yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations לְ⁠רֵעֵ֥⁠הוּ & וְ⁠אִ֖ישׁ תְּבוּנ֣וֹת 1 Although **he** and **man** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that could refer to either a man or woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “that person’s neighbor … but a person of understanding”\n
11:12 dj0z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב 1 See how you translated this phrase in [6:32](../06/32.md).\n
11:12 wdiz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠אִ֖ישׁ תְּבוּנ֣וֹת 1 See how you translated **a man of understanding** in [10:23](../10/23.md).
11:13 yb2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj רָ֭כִיל 1 Solomon is using the adjective **gossip** as a noun to mean “someone who gossips.” Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Someone who gossips”
11:13 en2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְגַלֶּה 1 Here, Solomon refers to revealing **secret** information as if that information were a hidden object that people were **uncovering**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “speaking about”
11:13 s2og rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְ⁠נֶאֱמַן־ר֝֗וּחַ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe someone who is characterized by being **faithful**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “but a faithful one”\n
11:13 ot6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְכַסֶּ֥ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone who conceals information as if that information were an object that someone **covers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is one who does not speak about”
11:14 xqvv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠אֵ֣ין תַּ֭חְבֻּלוֹת & וּ֝⁠תְשׁוּעָ֗ה בְּ⁠רֹ֣ב יוֹעֵֽץ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **directions**, **salvation**, **abundance**, and **counsel**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **abundance** in [5:23](../05/23.md) and **counsel** in [1:25](../01/25.md). Alternate translation: “When no one directs … but many people counseling someone will save that person”
11:14 j012 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִפָּל 1 See how you translated the same use of “fall” in [11:5](../11/05.md).
11:14 a9wq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝⁠תְשׁוּעָ֗ה בְּ⁠רֹ֣ב יוֹעֵֽץ 1 Here, Solomon is speaking of **salvation** as if it were an object that could be found **in an abundance of counsel**. He means that **an abundance of counsel** can result in **salvation**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but salvation is the result of an abundance of counsel”
11:15 ir1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations עָ֣רַב 1 Although the term **he** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “one pledged for” or “that person pledges for”
11:15 j2ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עָ֣רַב 1 See how you translated the same use of “pledge” in [6:1](../06/01.md).
11:15 z46f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction תֹקְעִ֣ים 1 The function of this action in this culture was to confirm a contractual agreement with someone. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation, or you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar phrase “clasp your palms” in [6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: “shaking hands to confirm an agreement” or “confirming an agreement”\n
11:16 uqha rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֵֽשֶׁת־חֵ֭ן 1 Here, **woman** refers to a type of **woman** in general, not one particular **woman**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “Any woman of grace”
11:16 bvh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֵֽשֶׁת־חֵ֭ן 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **woman** who is characterized by **grace**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A woman who is gracious”
11:16 qm22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּתְמֹ֣ךְ & יִתְמְכוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of people obtaining **honor** and **riches** as if they were objects that someone could **grasp**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will obtain … will obtain”
11:16 h7rd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כָּב֑וֹד 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **honor** in [3:16](../03/16.md).
11:16 ojz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִתְמְכוּ־עֹֽשֶׁר 1 Solomon contrasts this clause from the previous clause in order to imply that **riches** are not as important as **honor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will merely grasp riches”
11:17 du8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations גֹּמֵ֣ל נַ֭פְשׁ⁠וֹ אִ֣ישׁ חָ֑סֶד & שְׁ֝אֵר֗⁠וֹ 1 Although **man** and **his** are masculine, Solomon is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “A person of covenant faithfulness deals fully with that person’s soul … that person’s flesh”
11:17 b60p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אִ֣ישׁ חָ֑סֶד 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** who is characterized by **covenant faithfulness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A man who has covenant faithfulness”
11:17 dxp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom גֹּמֵ֣ל 1 Here, the phrase **deals fully** refers to rewarding or benefiting someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “rewards”
11:17 acrd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche נַ֭פְשׁ⁠וֹ & שְׁ֝אֵר֗⁠וֹ 1 Here, **soul** and **flesh** refer to people who have a **soul** and **flesh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.\n
11:17 ehrk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אַכְזָרִֽי 1 The phrase **a cruel one** represents cruel people in general, not one particular person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “any cruel person”
11:18 c37s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָשָׁ֗ע 1 See how you translated this phrase in [9:7](../09/07.md).
11:18 fjg0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession פְעֻלַּת־שָׁ֑קֶר & שֶׂ֣כֶר אֱמֶֽת 1 In this verse, Solomon is using possessive forms to describe a **wage** that is characterized by **falsehood** and to describe a **wage** that is characterized by **truth**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use different expressions. Alternate translation: “a false wage … a true wage”
11:18 k8u1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְעֻלַּת־שָׁ֑קֶר & שֶׂ֣כֶר אֱמֶֽת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of results or rewards as if they were a **wage**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a false reward … a true reward”
11:18 rfix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ⁠זֹרֵ֥עַ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה שֶׂ֣כֶר אֱמֶֽת 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “makes a wage of truth”\n
11:18 imr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠זֹרֵ֥עַ צְ֝דָקָ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to doing righteous deeds as if one were sowing seeds in a field. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but one who does righteous deeds”
11:19 ibb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כֵּן־צְדָקָ֥ה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words in this clause that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the next clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Pursuing veritable righteousness” or “Behaving with veritable righteousness”\n
11:19 w39m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְ⁠חַיִּ֑ים & לְ⁠מוֹתֽ⁠וֹ 1 In this verse, **is to** indicates that what follows is the result of the preceding phrase. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate result. Alternate translation: “leads to life … leads him to death”\n
11:19 s86d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠חַיִּ֑ים 1 See how you translated the same use of **life** in [10:16](../10/16.md).
11:19 un2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְרַדֵּ֖ף רָעָ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone who eagerly does **evil** as if that person were pursuing it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but one who eagerly does evil”
11:19 ey2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠מוֹתֽ⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **death** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
11:20 r5lt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:32](../03/32.md).
11:20 rvki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עִקְּשֵׁי 1 See how you translated the same use of **crooked** in [2:15](../02/15.md).
11:20 vxth rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵ֑ב 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
11:20 spnb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֝⁠רְצוֹנ֗⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **delight** in [8:30](../08/30.md).
11:20 rrdd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תְּמִ֣ימֵי דָֽרֶךְ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **way** that is characterized by being **blameless**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is those whose way is blameless”
11:20 p8r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָֽרֶךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
11:21 gum3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֣ד לְ֭⁠יָד 1 This phrase is an idiom that refers to something being certain. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “As sure as the sun comes up” or “Assuredly”
11:21 kwnz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָּ֑ע 1 See how you translated this phrase in [9:7](../09/07.md).
11:21 gh2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹא־יִנָּ֣קֶה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [6:29](../06/29.md).
11:21 ckyd rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns וְ⁠זֶ֖רַע 1 Here, the word **seed** is singular in form, but it refers to all seeds as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “but the seeds of”
11:21 kk9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠זֶ֖רַע 1 Here, Solomon refers to the descendants of **the righteous ones** as if they were **the seed** of a plant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the descendants of”\n
11:21 cqgr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נִמְלָֽט 1 Here, Solomon implies **escape** from punishment. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will escape punishment” or “will not be punished”
11:22 qn7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure נֶ֣זֶם זָ֭הָב בְּ⁠אַ֣ף חֲזִ֑יר אִשָּׁ֥ה יָ֝פָ֗ה וְ⁠סָ֣רַת טָֽעַם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “A beautiful woman that turns away from discretion is a ring of gold in the nose of a pig”
11:22 y2me rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶ֣זֶם זָ֭הָב בְּ⁠אַ֣ף חֲזִ֑יר אִשָּׁ֥ה יָ֝פָ֗ה וְ⁠סָ֣רַת טָֽעַם 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of how inappropriate it is for a **beautiful woman** to not have **discretion** as if that **woman** were a **ring of gold** in a pig’s **nose**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile. Alternate translation: “A beautiful woman that turns away from discretion is inappropriate, like a ring of gold in the nose of a pig”
11:22 lnjp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חֲזִ֑יר 1 A **pig** is an animal that is considered to be unclean and disgusting by Jews and many cultures of the Ancient Near East. Therefore, it would be very inappropriate for a **pig** to have **a ring of gold** in its **nose**. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of animal, you could use the name of a similar disgusting animal in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “a disgusting animal”\n
11:22 fe2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠סָ֣רַת טָֽעַם 1 Here, Solomon speaks of refusing to act with **discretion** as if the person were turning **away** from it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “that does not act with discretion”\n
11:22 utzq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns טָֽעַם 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **discretion** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
11:23 rzak rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּאֲוַ֣ת צַדִּיקִ֣ים אַךְ־ט֑וֹב תִּקְוַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים עֶבְרָֽה 1 This verse could mean: (1) **The desire** of **righteous** people results in what is **good**, but **the expectation** of **wicked** people results in **rage**. Alternate translation: “The desire of the righteous ones leads only to good; the expectation of the wicked ones leads to rage” (2) **righteous** people **only desire** what is **good**, but **wicked** people expect anger. Alternate translation: “The righteous ones only desire good; the wicked ones expect rage”
11:23 bqva rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast תִּקְוַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים עֶבְרָֽה 1 This clause is a strong contrast with the previous clause. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by contrast, the expectation of the wicked ones is rage”\n
11:23 wwdu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֶבְרָֽה 1 Here, **rage** could refer to: (1) Yahweh’s wrath. Alternate translation: “is the wrath of Yahweh” (2) the wrath of other people. Alternate translation: “is the wrath of other people”
11:23 unoz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֶבְרָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **rage**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is being enraged” or “enrages”
11:24 wlh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יֵ֣שׁ מְ֭פַזֵּר וְ⁠נוֹסָ֥ף ע֑וֹד 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. The context is about a person sharing what they have with others. Alternate translation: “There is one who scatters what he has and adds more to what he has”
11:24 vwny rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מְ֭פַזֵּר & וְ⁠חוֹשֵׂ֥ךְ 1 In this verse, **one** refers to **one** type of person. It does not mean that there is only **one** person who does each of these two things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a type of person who scatters … but a type of person who withholds”
11:24 o9r8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠נוֹסָ֥ף ע֑וֹד 1 Here, **and** introduces the result of what was stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a result. Alternate translation: “and it results in that person having more”\n
11:24 x97i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ⁠חוֹשֵׂ֥ךְ מִ֝⁠יֹּ֗שֶׁר 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. The context is about a person not sharing what they have with others. Alternate translation: “but one who withholds from those in need more of what he has than is right”
11:24 p1q7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אַךְ־לְ⁠מַחְסֽוֹר 1 Here, **for** introduces the result of what was stated earlier in the clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a result. Alternate translation: “will only lack as a result”
11:25 xagi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נֶֽפֶשׁ & וּ֝⁠מַרְוֶ֗ה & ה֥וּא 1 In this verse, **A life**, **the one**, and **he** refer to types of people in general. They do not refer to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any life of … and any person who drenches, that person”
11:25 q9vb נֶֽפֶשׁ־בְּרָכָ֥ה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **life** that is characterized by **blessing**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A life that blesses”
11:25 azqr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נֶֽפֶשׁ 1 Here, **life** refers to the person himself. See how you translated the same use of **life** in [8:36](../08/36.md).
11:25 isim rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרָכָ֥ה 1 Here, Solomon implies **blessing** other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “blessing other people”
11:25 lf1i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive תְדֻשָּׁ֑ן & יוֹרֶֽא 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will fatten … Yahweh will drench”
11:25 xmj0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְדֻשָּׁ֑ן 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person becoming prosperous as if they were **fattened**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will become prosperous”
11:25 sglx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝⁠מַרְוֶ֗ה גַּם־ה֥וּא יוֹרֶֽא 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone giving and receiving a generous amount of water as if that person were drenching others with water and being **drenched**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning carefully. Alternate translation: “and the one who freely gives water to others will also freely receive water”
11:26 eb69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מֹ֣נֵֽעַ & יִקְּבֻ֣⁠הוּ & מַשְׁבִּֽיר 1 In this verse, **One**, **him**, and **the seller** refer to types of people in general. They do not refer to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who withholds … will curse that person … any seller”
11:26 fuax rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֹ֣נֵֽעַ בָּ֭ר 1 Here, Solomon implies that this person selfishly **withholds grain** in order to sell it later for a greater profit. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “One who selfishly withholds grain”
11:26 h1qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וּ֝⁠בְרָכָ֗ה לְ⁠רֹ֣אשׁ 1 See how you translated the similar expression in [10:6](../10/06.md).
11:26 dvu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַשְׁבִּֽיר 1 Here, Solomon implies that **the seller** sells **grain**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the one who sells grain”
11:27 gt1o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun שֹׁ֣חֵֽר & וְ⁠דֹרֵ֖שׁ & תְבוֹאֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 In this verse, **One who diligently seeks**, **one who search for**, and **him** refer to types of people in general. They do not refer to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who diligently seeks … but any person who searches for … it will come to that person”
11:27 k983 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֹׁ֣חֵֽר & וְ⁠דֹרֵ֖שׁ 1 In this verse, Solomon refers to people trying to do **good** and trying to do **evil** as if **good** and **evil** were objects that someone **seeks** or **searches for**. If it would be helpful in your language you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “One who diligently tries to do good … but one who tries to do evil”
11:27 k6ug rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ט֭וֹב & רָצ֑וֹן & רָעָ֣ה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **good**, **favor**, and **evil**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “what is good … to be favored … what is evil”
11:27 z1tk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ רָצ֑וֹן 1 Solomon implies that the one **who diligently seeks good** also **seeks favor** and receives it from Yahweh and other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “finds favor from Yahweh and people”
11:27 vzfw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תְבוֹאֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone experiencing **evil** as if **evil** were a person who could **come** to that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly Alternate translation: “he will experience it” or “it will happen to him”
11:28 c636 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בּוֹטֵ֣חַ בְּ֭⁠עָשְׁר⁠וֹ ה֣וּא יִפֹּ֑ל 1 **One**, **his**, and **he** in this verse refer to a type of person in general. They do not refer to a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who trusts in that person’s own riches, that person will fall”
11:28 kny5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns ה֣וּא יִפֹּ֑ל 1 Solomon uses the word **himself** to emphasize who **will fall**. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “that very person will fall”
11:28 q218 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ה֣וּא יִפֹּ֑ל 1 See how you translated the same use of **fall** in [11:5](../11/05.md).
11:28 p1e2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְ֝⁠כֶ⁠עָלֶ֗ה צַדִּיקִ֥ים יִפְרָֽחוּ 1 Solomon is saying that **righteous ones** are like **a leaf** that sprouts out of a plant because they prosper and thrive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “but righteous ones prosper like a leaf sprouts and grows”
11:28 mf6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝⁠כֶ⁠עָלֶ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a green **leaf** that is growing, rather than a fallen or withered leaf. If it would be helpful in your language, or if you language uses different words for a fresh or withered leaf, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but like a healthy leaf”
11:29 qggj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עוֹכֵ֣ר בֵּ֭ית⁠וֹ 1 **One** and **his** in this verse refer to a type of person in general. They do not refer to a specific person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “Any person who troubles that person’s own house”
11:29 f3z5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֭ית⁠וֹ 1 Here, **house** represents the family who lives in **his house**. See how you translated the same use of **house** in [3:33](../03/33.md).
11:29 p1pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִנְחַל־ר֑וּחַ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **wind** as if it were property that someone could **inherit**. He means that someone **who troubles his house** will not **inherit** anything. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will inherit nothing”
11:29 n7ak rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לַ⁠חֲכַם־לֵֽב 1 See how you translated **wise of heart** in [10:8](../10/08.md).
11:30 q7ul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession פְּֽרִי־צַ֭דִּיק 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **fruit** that is produced by **the righteous one**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “The fruit produced by the righteous one”
11:30 wt50 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְּֽרִי 1 Here, Solomon refers to what **righteous** people do as if it were **fruit**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The deeds of”
11:30 bcng rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַ֭דִּיק & וְ⁠לֹקֵ֖חַ נְפָשׂ֣וֹת 1 In this verse, **the righteous one** and **the taker of souls** refer to types of people in general. They do not refer to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. See how you translated **the righteous one** in [10:3](../10/03.md). Alternate translation: “any righteous person … and any person who takes souls”
11:30 hlz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:18](../03/18.md).
11:30 azis rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants וְ⁠לֹקֵ֖חַ נְפָשׂ֣וֹת חָכָֽם 1 Some ancient translations translate this clause as “and the one who takes away lives is violent.” That would be indicating that this clause refers to violent people who kill others, which is in contrast with the type of person described in the previous clause. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT.\n
11:30 b3eo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠לֹקֵ֖חַ נְפָשׂ֣וֹת 1 Here, **taker of souls** refers to someone who influences other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the one who influences others”
11:31 s8p9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֵ֣ן 1 See how you translated the same use of **Behold** in [1:23](../01/23.md).\n
11:31 vmnq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun צַ֭דִּיק & רָשָׁ֥ע וְ⁠חוֹטֵֽא 1 In this verse, **a righteous one**, **a wicked one**, and **a sinner** refer to types of people in general. They do not refer to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. See how you translated **a righteous one** in [9:9](../09/09.md) and **a wicked one** in [9:7](../09/07.md). Alternate translation: “any righteous person … any wicked person and any sinner”
11:31 q0g2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּ⁠אָ֣רֶץ 1 Here, **the land** refers to the earth in general. It does not refer to the land of Israel, as it does in [2:21–22](../02/21.md) and [10:30](../10/30.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the earth”
11:31 leti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will repay”
11:31 x6ww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם 1 Here, Solomon refers to people receiving what they deserve for their actions as if they were being **repaid** for what they have done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will receive what is due to them”
11:31 wlsw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אַ֝֗ף כִּֽי־רָשָׁ֥ע וְ⁠חוֹטֵֽא 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “how much more will a wicked one and a sinner be repaid”
12:intro x2lg 0 # Proverbs 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 12 continues the section of the book (Chapter 10–22) which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Themes\n\nThere are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility and integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
12:1 ktr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\nThe author uses parallelism throughout this chapter. Verses 1–15 contrast wisdom and foolishness.
12:1 r7h6 Whoever 0 Alternate translation: “Any person who”

Can't render this file because it is too large.