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Merge tracypreslar-tc-create-1 into master by tracypreslar (#3313)
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tn_2SA.tsv
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tn_2SA.tsv
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@ -172,178 +172,146 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
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4:2 c93q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Beeroth 0 This is the name of a place.
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4:3 uyh4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background and the Beerothites fled to Gittaim and have been living there until this very time 0 Here the author finishes providing background information about Beeroth for the reader. The area of Beeroth was part of the land that belonged to the tribe of Benjamin.
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4:3 qq9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gittaim 0 This is the name of a place.
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4:4 th4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 # General Information:\n\nThis verse pauses the main story to provide background information about Mephibosheth, a descendent of Saul through Jonathan instead of through Ishbosheth. Mephibosheth will become an important character later in the book. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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4:4 rav8 crippled in his feet 0 This phrase means “unable to walk.”
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4:4 as76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers five years old 0 This was the age of Jonathan’s son at the time of his father’s death.
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4:4 d8qr the news about Saul and Jonathan 0 This refers to the news about their death.
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4:4 zj2w nurse 0 This is a woman or girl who is hired to care for young children.
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4:4 hwu8 became lame 0 This explains how Mephibosheth was injured so he was unable to walk.
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4:4 th4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 This verse provides background information about Mephibosheth, a descendent of Saul through Jonathan instead of through Ishbosheth.
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4:4 rav8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom crippled in his feet 0 This phrase means “unable to walk.”
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4:4 d8qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the news about Saul and Jonathan 0 This refers to the news about their death.
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4:4 zj2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown nurse 0 This is a woman or girl who is hired to care for young children.
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4:4 xl1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Mephibosheth 0 This is the name of Jonathan’s young son, the grandson of Saul.
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4:5 rr92 0 # General Information:\n\nThe story returns to the actions of Rechab and Baanah who were introduced in [2 Samuel 4:2](./02.md).
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4:5 f4qv the heat of the day 0 the middle of the day, the part of the day when it is the hottest
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4:6 g8pb sifting wheat 0 Alternate translation: “cleaning chaff from wheat”
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4:8 n1gd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom sought your life 0 This idiom means “was trying to kill you.”
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4:9 c7l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom As Yahweh lives 0 This is one of the strongest oaths David could swear, as Yahweh is the witness. Alternate translation: “I swear on the life of Yahweh”
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4:9 c7l9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula As Yahweh lives 0 This is one of the strongest oaths David could swear, as Yahweh is the witness. Alternate translation: “I swear on the life of Yahweh”
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4:9 qe3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche who delivered my life 0 Here “life” refers to David himself. This means that Yahweh has kept David alive. Alternate translation: “who rescued me”
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4:11 ve2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How much more … should I not now require his blood from your hand, and remove you from the earth? 0 This question is used to show that the men had committed an especially serious crime. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are even more guilty! It is my duty to require his blood from your hand and to remove you from the earth.”
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4:11 pl52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy require his blood from your hand 0 The phrase “his blood” represents the life of Ishbosheth. Here “from your hand” represents Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, introduced in [2 Samuel 4:5](./05.md). Alternate translation: “hold you responsible for the death of Ishbosheth”
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4:11 pl52 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy require his blood from your hand 0 The phrase “his blood” represents the life of Ishbosheth.
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4:12 b1ep rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction cut off their hands and feet and hung them up 0 These were symbolic actions to show contempt for the men.
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4:12 a16g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in the grave 0 This was a symbolic act to honor Ishbosheth. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “they honored Ishbosheth by burying his head in the grave” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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4:12 a16g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in the grave 0 This was a symbolic act to honor Ishbosheth. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “they honored Ishbosheth by burying his head in the grave”
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5:intro jv2a 0 # 2 Samuel 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis records the beginning of the kingdom’s expansion.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### David conquers Jerusalem\n\nDavid brought the combined army to Jerusalem and conquered it by going in through the water shaft. He enlarged the city and strengthened the defenses, and made it his capital. Jerusalem is an important place in the plans of God.\n\n### David consulting God\n\nDavid always consulted God before fighting a battle. The Philistines invaded Israel trying to capture David. David asked God if he should attack the Philistines, and God said yes; so he defeated them. They invaded again and God told him to attack them from the rear and he defeated them again.
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5:1 qs6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom we are your flesh and bone 0 This phrase means “a relative.” Alternate translation: “we are related to you” or “we are of the same family” -
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5:2 h5dx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background In the recent past 0 This is historical information. Saul had been their king before David.
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5:2 fr5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become ruler over Israel 0 These two clauses mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh had chosen David to be king.
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5:2 rcd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You will shepherd my people Israel 0 Here ruling over the people is spoken of as shepherding them. Alternate translation: “You will care for my people Israel” or “You will rule over my people Israel”
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5:3 ep1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction They anointed David king over Israel 0 To “anoint” is a symbolic act to show that they recognized that God had chosen David as king.
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5:6 w24t 0 # General Information:\n\nDavid and the army of Israel attack Jerusalem.
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5:6 j73y You will not come here except to be turned away by the blind and the lame 0 This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “If you come here, even the blind and the lame will be able to turn you away”
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5:6 m16b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the blind and the lame 0 Here “the blind” and “the lame” are nominal adjectives. Alternate translation: “those people who cannot see and those who cannot walk”
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5:8 c5p9 David said, “Those who attack the Jebusites 0 David was speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David said to his soldiers, ‘Those who want to get rid of the Jebus people”
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5:8 z3vc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The ‘blind and the lame’ 0 This could mean: (1) this refers to people who are truly lame and blind or (2) this is a metonym that speaks about the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem as if they were all weak and handicapped.
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5:8 z3vc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The ‘blind and the lame’ 0 This could mean: (1) the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem were so weak that it was as if they were handicapped, or (2) people who are physically lame and blind.
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5:11 m9gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hiram 0 This is the name of a man.
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5:11 fv7z carpenters 0 those who work with wood
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5:11 s2rm masons 0 those who work with stone or brick
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5:13 d3s6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive more sons and daughters were born to him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he had more sons and daughters” or “they bore him more sons and daughters”
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5:14 fcd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shammua … Shobab … Nathan … Solomon 0 These are the names of David’s sons.
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5:14 lw16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive who were born to him 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that his wives bore for him” or “he had”
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5:15 t2yz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ibhar … Elishua … Nepheg … Japhia 0 These are the names of David’s sons.
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5:16 xzm3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Elishama … Eliada … Eliphelet 0 These are the names of David’s sons.
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5:17 y7vu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive David had been anointed as king over Israel 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel had anointed David as king”
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5:17 w75r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole they all went out looking for him 0 Here “all” is a generalization that means the Philistine army. Alternate translation: “the Philistine army went looking for him”
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5:18 f39y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Valley of Rephaim 0 This is the name of a place.
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5:20 sm5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Baal Perazim 0 This is the name of a place.
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5:20 n37i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Yahweh has burst through my enemies before me like a bursting flood of water 0 Here David speaks of the victory that Yahweh brought as if it were a flood of water that overflowed its banks and covered the land, causing destruction. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has overwhelmed my enemies like a flood overwhelms the land”
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5:22 ipp2 the Philistines came up again 0 They “came up” because the Philistines lived at a lower elevation than David’s stronghold.
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5:22 u2gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Valley of Rephaim 0 This is the name of a place.
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5:23 lzk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names balsam woods 0 “Balsam” here is a type of tree, and the “woods” describe many balsam trees growing together.
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5:24 vp29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person When you hear … Yahweh will have gone out before you to attack the army of the Philistines 0 This is the continuation of Yahweh’s instruction to David that began in [2 Samuel 5:23](../05/23.md). Yahweh here speaks of himself in the third person.
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5:23 lzk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown balsam woods 0 “Balsam” here is a type of tree.
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5:24 vp29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person When you hear … Yahweh will have gone out before you to attack the army of the Philistines 0 Yahweh here speaks of himself in the third person.
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5:24 ccz2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor When you hear the sound of marching in the wind blowing through the balsam treetops 0 This speaks of the sound of the leaves rustling as wind blows through them as if it were the sound of marching. Alternate translation: “When the wind blowing through the tops of the balsam trees sounds like men marching”
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5:25 z8t1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Geba … Gezer 0 These are the names of places.
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6:intro aen5 0 # 2 Samuel 6 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Bringing the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem\n\nDavid organized a procession with many musical instruments to bring the ark to Jerusalem. They put it on a cart; but when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah reached out to steady it so it would not fall. God killed him for touching the ark. David was angry at God for killing Uzzah and was afraid to bring the ark any further. Uzzah died because the ark was perfectly holy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])\n\n### Dancing\n\nDavid danced for joy in front of the ark. His wife, Michal, criticized David for uncovering himself as he danced, but David did not care. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/joy]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Irony\n\nMichal criticized David by using irony: “How honored the king of Israel was today, who undressed himself today before the eyes of the slave girls among his servants, like one of the crude fellows who shamelessly undresses himself!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
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6:1 prk3 Now 0 This word marks a new part of the story.
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6:intro aen5 0 # 2 Samuel 6 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Holiness of the Ark\n\nDavid organized a procession with many musical instruments to bring the ark to Jerusalem. They put it on a cart; but when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah reached out to steady it so it would not fall. God killed him for touching the ark. David was angry at God for killing Uzzah and was afraid to bring the ark any further. Uzzah died because the ark was perfectly holy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])\n
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6:1 dz26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the chosen men of Israel 0 This metonym represents the army of the nation of Israel.
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6:1 f7cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty thousand 0 “30,000”
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6:2 bci3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from Baalah in Judah to bring up from there the ark of God 0 It is implied that they are taking the ark to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “from Baalah in Judah to take to Jerusalem the ark of God”
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6:2 vy3h to bring up from there the ark of God 0 Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it.
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6:2 jrd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go to bring up 0 The word “bring” can be translated as “take.”
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6:2 t6ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Baalah 0 This is the name of a place.
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6:2 pkw6 which is called by the name of Yahweh of hosts 0 Yahweh’s name was written on the ark.
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6:2 ima6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit who sits enthroned over the cherubim 0 You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh’s footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: “who sits on his throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant”
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6:2 ae72 enthroned 0 to sit on a throne
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6:3 y6lf 0 # General Information:\n\nDavid and the army of the nation of Israel move the ark of the covenant.
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6:2 ima6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit who sits enthroned over the cherubim 0 You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are carved statues on the lid of the ark of the covenant.
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6:2 uyvf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit 0 The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh’s footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above.
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6:3 b2eb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Abinadab … Uzzah … Ahio 0 These are names of men.
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6:5 h1vh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the house of Israel 0 This metonym represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the other Israelites with him”
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6:5 g4xk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown tambourines 0 A tambourine is a musical instrument like the head of a drum with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken or hit.
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6:5 tc14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown rattles 0 musical instruments with many small, hard objects inside a hard shell, making rhythmic noise when shaken
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6:5 d3bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown cymbals 0 two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound
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6:6 ju6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Nakon 0 This is the name of a man.
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6:7 yht6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor anger of Yahweh burned 0 Here the “anger of Yahweh” is spoken of as if it were fire.
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6:7 yht6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor anger of Yahweh burned 0 Here the anger of Yahweh is spoken of as if it were fire.
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6:7 b8dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit for his sin 0 It was a sin for Uzzah to touch the ark because Yahweh had commanded that no one should touch the ark.
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6:8 e8lq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Perez Uzzah 0 This is the name of a place. Translator may add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Perez Uzzah’ means ‘the punishment of Uzzah.’”
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6:8 tqy3 to this day 0 This means to the time when this was being written, not to the present time in the twenty-first century.
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6:8 tqy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to this day 0 This means to the time when this was being written.
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6:9 yx34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How can the ark of Yahweh come to me? 0 David uses this question to emphasize that he is afraid to take the ark to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “I am too afraid to bring the ark of Yahweh with me to Jerusalem.”
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6:10 qjd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Obed Edom the Gittite 0 This is the name of a man.
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6:11 a4fg blessed him 0 Here “him” refers to Obed Edom the Gittite.
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6:12 kg8i Now 0 This word starts a new part of the story.
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6:12 j7ru rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive King David was told 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people told King David”
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6:12 tg1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Obed Edom’s house 0 Here “house” represents a family. Alternate translation: “Obed Edom and his family”
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6:12 tke4 brought up the ark of God 0 Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it. Alternate translation: “moved the ark of God” or “took the ark of God”
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6:12 d195 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go brought up 0 The word “brought” can be translated as “took.”
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6:14 m97q David danced before Yahweh with all his might 0 Dancing here is a form of joyfully worshiping Yahweh.
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6:14 ubu5 linen 0 a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant
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6:14 ubu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown linen 0 a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant
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6:15 td5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the house of Israel 0 Here “house” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the other Israelites with him”
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6:16 qn6w Now … in her heart 0 The word “Now” marks a break in the story line. Here the narrator gives information about Michal.
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6:16 jz44 Michal 0 Michal was the daughter of King Saul and also David’s first wife. See how you translated this name in [2 Samuel 3:13](../03/13.md).
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6:16 jz44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Michal 0 Michal was the daughter of King Saul and also David’s first wife. See how you translated this name in [2 Samuel 3:13](../03/13.md).
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6:16 tjm7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy she despised him in her heart 0 Here “heart” represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate translation: “she looked at him with disdain” or “she sneered at him”
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6:16 b6w2 before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “to Yahweh”
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6:16 b6w2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy before Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “to Yahweh”
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6:18 k4ta rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hosts 0 To bless “in the name of Yahweh of hosts” means to bless with Yahweh’s power and authority or as his representative.
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6:19 m8cs cake of raisins 0 a baked sweet bread made with dried grapes
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6:20 k14x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go came out 0 Here “came” can be translated as “went.”
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6:20 jd22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony How honored the king of Israel was today 0 This is an ironic statement. Michal means the opposite of what she said, and she does not believe David acted honorably. Michal speaks disrespectfully to King David about his dancing attire and behavior.
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6:20 nsq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche before the eyes of the slave girls 0 Here “eyes of the slave girls” represents the slave girls. Alternate translation: “in front of the slave girls”
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6:20 b7au crude fellows 0 Michal is comparing David to vulgar and foolish men.
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6:20 b7au rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile crude fellows 0 Michal is comparing David to vulgar and foolish men.
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6:21 pz59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you who chose me above your father 0 Here “your” refers to Michal.
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6:21 a36n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet over the people of Yahweh, over Israel 0 Here “the people of Yahweh” and “Israel” mean the same thing.
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6:22 run9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony I will be even more undignified than this 0 David is being ironic and means the opposite of what he said. He does not believe what he did was actually undignified or that his actions in the future will be undignified.
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6:22 y1pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will be humiliated in my own eyes 0 Here “in my own eyes” represents what a person considers or thinks about something. Alternate translation: “I will consider myself humiliated” or “I will consider myself a fool”
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6:22 ifj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive But by these slave girls you have spoken about, I will be honored 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the slave girls of whom you have spoken will honor me”
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6:23 cjq6 had no children to the day of her death 0 Alternate translation: “was never able to bear any children”
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7:intro c6fb 0 # 2 Samuel 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the finishing of a small interruption about the house of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nDavid wanted to honor God by building him a temple. God told David that he would not build it, but his son would build it. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n### Covenant of David\n\nGod made a covenant with David that was not conditioned upon anything David or his descendants did. God promised that one of David’s descendants would rule Israel forever. Because Israel would not have a king in the future, this promise did not begin at this time. The descendant, who would rule forever, is Jesus. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
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7:intro c6fb 0 # 2 Samuel 7 General Notes\n\n### Covenant of David\n\nGod made a covenant with David that was not conditioned upon anything David or his descendants did. God promised that one of David’s descendants would rule Israel forever. Because Israel would not have a king in the future, this promise did not begin at this time. The descendant, who would rule forever, is Jesus. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
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7:1 cu7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It happened 0 This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
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7:1 r5ag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns given him rest from all his surrounding enemies 0 “given him safety from all his surrounding enemies.” Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “caused the enemy people groups to stop attacking Israel”
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7:2 chf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit I am living in a house of cedar 0 Cedar is a kind of tree that is known for its strength. If you have an equivalent type of tree in your culture, you can use that name, otherwise you can reword this. Alternate translation: “I am living in a strong, permanent house”
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7:2 uvh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the ark of God is staying in the middle of a tent 0 Tents are temporary dwellings. If you do not have tents in your culture, you can word this differently. Alternate translation: “the ark of God is staying in a temporary place”
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7:1 r5ag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns given him rest from all his surrounding enemies 0 Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “caused the enemy people groups to stop attacking Israel”
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7:3 q2im rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do what is in your heart 0 Here “heart” represents the mind. Alternate translation: “do what you think you should”
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7:3 aw2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom for Yahweh is with you 0 Here “with you” means God is helping and blessing David.
|
||||
7:3 aw2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for Yahweh is with you 0 Here “with you” means God is helping and blessing David.
|
||||
7:4 l5r9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came to Nathan, saying: 0 The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Nathan. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Nathan:”
|
||||
7:5 ebh5 Go and tell David my servant, ‘This is what Yahweh says: Will you build me a house in which to live? 0 This is the beginning of a quotation that contains quotations within it.
|
||||
7:5 kj3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Will you build me a house in which to live? 0 Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that David is not the one to build a house for Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not build a house for me”
|
||||
7:5 j3s5 build me a house 0 Here “house” means a temple. In 7:11 Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David. There “house” means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:11.
|
||||
7:7 t5dj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes did I ever say anything to any of Israel’s leaders whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, saying, “Why have you not built me a house of cedar?” 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “did I ever ask any of Israel’s leaders, whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, why they had not built me a house of cedar?” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
7:5 j3s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor build me a house 0 Here “house” means a temple. In 7:11 Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David. There “house” means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:11.
|
||||
7:7 t5dj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes did I ever say anything to any of Israel’s leaders whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, saying, “Why have you not built me a house of cedar?” 0 This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “did I ever ask any of Israel’s leaders, whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, why they had not built me a house of cedar?”
|
||||
7:7 azt9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion did I ever say anything to any of Israel’s leaders 0 Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he never asked any of Israel’s leaders to build him a house. Alternate translation: “I never said anything to any of Israel’s leaders”
|
||||
7:7 vnx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel 0 Those who are leaders of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were shepherds and the people were sheep.
|
||||
7:7 kek6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you not built me a house of cedar? 0 If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. But, Yahweh said previously that he did not ask them this question. Alternate translation: “You should have built me a house of cedar.”
|
||||
7:8 k8e3 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh describes his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.
|
||||
7:8 knq9 Now 0 This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
7:8 xsx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes tell my servant David, ‘This is what Yahweh of hosts says: I took you … so that you would be ruler over my people Israel. 0 This has quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST. Alternate translation: “tell my servant David that I took him … so that he would be ruler over my people Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
7:8 fe6g tell my servant David 0 Yahweh is still telling the prophet Nathan what he should tell David.
|
||||
7:7 kek6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you not built me a house of cedar? 0 If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. Alternate translation: “You should have built me a house of cedar.”
|
||||
7:8 xsx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes tell my servant David, ‘This is what Yahweh of hosts says: I took you … so that you would be ruler over my people Israel. 0 This has quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST. Alternate translation: “tell my servant David that I took him … so that he would be ruler over my people Israel”
|
||||
7:8 dae2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I took you from the pasture 0 David’s job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate translation: “I took you from your job as a shepherd”
|
||||
7:9 euh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes I have been with you wherever you went. I have cut off all your enemies from before you. Now I will make your name great, like the names of the great ones of the earth 0 This continues the quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST. Alternate translation: “I have been with him wherever he went. I have cut off all his enemies from before him. Now I will make his name great, like the name of the great ones of the earth” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
7:9 arz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I have been with you 0 Here “with you” means that Yahweh has helped and blessed David.
|
||||
7:9 pbz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have cut off all your enemies 0 Yahweh destroying David’s enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh cut them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree.
|
||||
7:9 euh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes I have been with you wherever you went. I have cut off all your enemies from before you. Now I will make your name great, like the names of the great ones of the earth 0 This continues the quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST.
|
||||
7:9 arz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit I have been with you 0 Here “with you” means that Yahweh has helped and blessed David.
|
||||
7:9 pbz4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have cut off all your enemies 0 Yahweh destroying David’s enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh cut them off, as one would cut a branch from a tree.
|
||||
7:9 g9f5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy make your name great 0 Here “name” represents a person’s reputation.
|
||||
7:9 vtf6 the great ones 0 The phrase “great ones” means famous persons.
|
||||
7:10 k1yc I will appoint a place 0 Alternate translation: “I will choose a place”
|
||||
7:9 vtf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the great ones 0 The phrase “great ones” means famous persons.
|
||||
7:10 k1yc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will appoint a place 0 Alternate translation: “I will choose a place”
|
||||
7:10 etx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor will plant them there 0 Yahweh causing the people to live in the land permanently and securely is spoken of as if he would plant them in the land.
|
||||
7:10 kax4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive be troubled no more 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will ever trouble them”
|
||||
7:11 wxh3 from the days 0 Alternate translation: “from the time”
|
||||
7:11 d6c8 I commanded judges 0 After the people of Israel entered the land of Canaan and before they had kings to rule them, God appointed leaders called “judges” to lead them in times of trouble.
|
||||
7:11 wxh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit from the days 0 Alternate translation: “from the time”
|
||||
7:11 gat9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to be over my people Israel 0 To be in authority is referred to as being over someone. Alternate translation: “to rule my people Israel”
|
||||
7:11 cyy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes Now I will give you rest from all your enemies … declare to you that I will make you a house 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then here you may need to translate “you” as “him” or “his.” Alternate translation: “Now I will give him rest from all his enemies … declare to him that I will make him a house” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
7:11 a1aw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I will give you rest from all your enemies 0 “I will give you safety from all your enemies.” Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “I will make all your enemies stop attacking you”
|
||||
7:11 ax6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will make you a house 0 Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](../07/04.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There “house” represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
|
||||
7:12 bvq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers 0 These two phrases have similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. They both are polite ways to refer to death and dying. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
7:11 cyy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes Now I will give you rest from all your enemies … declare to you that I will make you a house 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
|
||||
7:11 a1aw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I will give you rest from all your enemies 0 Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “I will make all your enemies stop attacking you”
|
||||
7:11 ax6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will make you a house 0 Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel.
|
||||
7:12 bvq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers 0 These two phrases have similar meanings and are combined for emphasis.
|
||||
7:12 n74q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism כִּ֣י ׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗יךָ וְשָֽׁכַבְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ 0 They both are polite ways to refer to death and dying. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
7:12 zh5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will raise up a descendant after you 0 Yahweh appointing David’s descendant is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift him up.
|
||||
7:12 n1u2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom one who will come out from your body 0 This is an idiom that means the person will be David’s descendant.
|
||||
7:12 wn76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will establish his kingdom 0 Here “his kingdom” represents his power to rule. Alternate translation: “I will make him to be a very powerful king”
|
||||
7:13 rz89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a house for my name 0 Here “name” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “a permanent dwelling for me”
|
||||
7:13 rz89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a house for my name 0 Here “name” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “for me”
|
||||
7:13 nmu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever 0 Here “throne” represents the person’s power to rule as king. Alternate translation: “I will make his rule over Israel to last forever”
|
||||
7:14 n2sv I will be a father to him, and he will be my son 0 The prophecy in 7:12–14 refers to Solomon, David’s son. But, aspects of the prophecy will be fulfilled by Jesus. So, here it is best to translate the words “father” and “son” with your normal words for a biological father and son.
|
||||
7:15 hg5v 0 # General Information:\n\nYahweh finishes describing his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.
|
||||
7:15 h75j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns But my covenant faithfulness will not leave him, as I took it from Saul 0 The word “faithfulness” is an abstract noun that can be stated as “faithfully loving.” Alternate translation: “I will never stop faithfully loving him as I stopped loving Saul”
|
||||
7:15 a6sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations from before you 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then here you may need to translate “you” as “David” or “him” or “his” as in the UST. Alternate translation: “from before David. David’s house … before him.”
|
||||
7:16 q3bd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations Your house … before you. Your throne 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then here you may need to translate “you” as “David” or “him” or “his” as in the UST. Alternate translation: “David’s house … before him. His throne”
|
||||
7:15 a6sg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations from before you 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
|
||||
7:16 q3bd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations Your house … before you. Your throne 0 If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
|
||||
7:16 t2rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Your house and kingdom will be confirmed forever before you. Your throne will be established forever. 0 These two sentences have similar meanings and emphasize that David’s dynasty will last forever.
|
||||
7:16 y1vv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet Your house and kingdom will be confirmed forever before you 0 Here the word “house” represents David’s descendants, who will rule as kings. Here “kingdom” means about the same thing as “house.” This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will live to see me establish your family and their rule over the people of Israel forever” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
7:16 bu2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Your throne will be established forever 0 Here “throne” represents the power to rule as king. Alternate translation: “I will cause your descendants to rule over Israel forever”
|
||||
7:17 mei7 all these words 0 “all these things.” This refers to what Yahweh had said.
|
||||
7:17 m93t he told him about the entire vision 0 Alternate translation: “he told him about everything Yahweh revealed to him”
|
||||
7:16 y1vv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet Your house and kingdom will be confirmed forever before you 0 Here the word “house” represents David’s descendants, who will rule as kings.
|
||||
7:16 zrmu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy throne 0 Here “throne” represents the power to rule as king.
|
||||
7:16 bu2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Your throne will be established forever 0 Alternate translation: “I will cause your descendants to rule over Israel forever”
|
||||
7:17 mei7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit all these words 0 “all these things.” This refers to what Yahweh had said.
|
||||
7:18 nf24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Who am I, Yahweh God, and what is my family that you have brought me to this point? 0 David asks this question to express the deep emotion he felt from hearing Yahweh’s proclamation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “My family and I are not worthy of this honor, Yahweh God.”
|
||||
7:19 tj8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in your sight 0 Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in your judgment”
|
||||
7:19 r9in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person your servant’s family 0 Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “my family”
|
||||
7:19 uvu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for a great while to come 0 This speaks about time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewhere. Alternate translation: “and what will happen to them in the future”
|
||||
7:19 btd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person your servant 0 Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “me”
|
||||
7:19 r9in rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness your servant’s family 0 Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “my family”
|
||||
7:19 btd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness your servant 0 Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “me”
|
||||
7:20 sd87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What more can I, David, say to you? 0 David uses this question to emphasize that he has nothing left to say to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “There is nothing more I can say to you.”
|
||||
7:21 d51g For your word’s sake 0 Alternate translation: “Because of what you promised to do”
|
||||
7:21 wy8w to fulfill your own purpose 0 Alternate translation: “to accomplish what you planned to do”
|
||||
7:21 mia3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person to your servant 0 David refers to himself as “your servant.” It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “to me”
|
||||
7:22 s9d3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom as we have heard with our own ears 0 The phrase “with our own ears” is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “as we ourselves have heard”
|
||||
7:21 d51g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy For your word’s sake 0 Alternate translation: “Because of what you promised to do”
|
||||
7:21 mia3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness to your servant 0 David refers to himself as “your servant.” It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “to me”
|
||||
7:22 s9d3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche as we have heard with our own ears 0 The phrase “with our own ears” is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “as we ourselves have heard”
|
||||
7:22 eu9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive as we have heard 0 Here “we” refers to David and the nation of Israel.
|
||||
7:23 gt3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What nation is like your people Israel, the one nation on earth whom you, God, went and rescued for yourself? 0 David uses a question emphasize that there is no other nation like Israel. Alternate translation: “There is no nation like your people Israel, the one nation on earth whom you, God, went and rescued for yourself.”
|
||||
7:23 u6gx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to make a name for yourself 0 Here “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “to make all people know who you are”
|
||||
7:23 gpj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for your land 0 Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “for your people”
|
||||
7:23 y68y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy You drove out nations 0 Here “nations” represents the people groups that were living in Canaan.
|
||||
7:25 s7y8 So now 0 Here “now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
7:25 wp22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive may the promise that you made concerning your servant and his family be established forever 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “may you do what you promised to me and my family, and may your promise never change”
|
||||
7:25 i7rz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person your servant and his family 0 David is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “me and my family”
|
||||
7:26 yq4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy May your name be forever great 0 Here “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation.
|
||||
7:26 tv8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of me, David, your servant 0 Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “my family”
|
||||
7:26 r53a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive is established before you 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “is secure because of you” or “continues because of you”
|
||||
7:27 i375 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person to your servant that you will build him a house 0 David refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “to me that you will build me a house”
|
||||
7:27 l4yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy that you will build him a house 0 Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](../07/04.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There “house” represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
|
||||
7:27 l4yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy that you will build him a house 0 Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel.
|
||||
7:27 fs5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy house 0 Here “house” represents David’s family.
|
||||
7:28 ie54 Now 0 This does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
|
||||
7:28 pvq1 your words are trustworthy 0 Alternate translation: “I trust what you say”
|
||||
7:29 n6ik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive with your blessing your servant’s house will be blessed forever 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will continue to bless my family forever”
|
||||
7:29 k3a5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person your servant’s house 0 Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “my house” or “my family”
|
||||
8:intro hc4j 0 # 2 Samuel 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter returns to the theme of the expansion of David’s kingdom.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God enabled victory\n\nGod enabled David to conquer all the surrounding nations. Much of the loot and tribute David received, he saved for the temple that his son would build.
|
||||
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97
tn_DEU.tsv
97
tn_DEU.tsv
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@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
1:2 xcp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַחַ֨ד עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ 1 The implication is that the journey takes **11 days**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “It is a journey of 11 days”
|
||||
1:3 xm9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent וַיְהִי֙ 1 Moses is using the word translated **And it happened** to introduce a new event in the story. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Here is what happened:”
|
||||
1:3 pc9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal בְּאַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use cardinal numbers here or equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: “after 40 years, in month 11”
|
||||
1:3 zfn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **eleventh** month of the Hebrew calendar includes January on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to give the number of the day and the name of the month on the Hebrew calendar and say in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar.
|
||||
1:3 zfn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ 1 The **eleventh** month of the Hebrew calendar includes January on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may wish instead to give just the number of the day and the name of the Hebrew month in the text of your translation and indicate in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar.
|
||||
1:3 c54r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּנֵ֣י 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, the author is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “the children of”
|
||||
1:3 e9a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” Moses is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Jacob, who was also known as Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Israel” or “the people of Israel”
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1:4 xfh0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַכֹּת֗וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh caused the Israelites to defeat Sihon and Og under Moses' leadership. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the Israelites to defeat”
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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1:8 i61s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֥תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 Here Yahweh could be using the past tense: (1) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “I will give the land before your faces” (2) to refer to something that he has already done. Alternate translation: “I have already given the land before your faces”
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1:8 p2mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person נִשְׁבַּ֣ע יְ֠הוָה 1 Yahweh is speaking about himself in the third person. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use the first person form. Alternate translation: “I swore”
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1:8 pcv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם 1 Yahweh is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your forefathers”
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1:8 umon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם 1 Here, **seed** refers to the descendants of **Abraham**, **Isaac**, and **Jacob** as if they were semen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to their offspring”
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1:8 umon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם 1 Here, **seed** is an idiom that means “offspring.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to their offspring”
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1:9 dv93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וָאֹמַ֣ר 1 Here, **I** refers back to Moses in verse 5. If it would be helpful in your language, you could repeat the name “Moses” here. Alternate translation: “I, Moses, said”
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1:9 l5mr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׂאֵ֥ת 1 Here **to carry** means “to lead” or “to govern.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to lead”
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1:10 zy9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב 1 Moses says **as the stars of the heaven in number** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means that God has greatly increased the number of Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “almost as numerous as the stars of heaven”
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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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1:11 wrx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם 1 When Moses says **your fathers**, he is also referring to his own **fathers**. He is not distinguishing between the ancestors of the Israelites and his own ancestors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that Moses and the Israelites have the same **fathers**. Alternate translation: “the God of our fathers”
|
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1:11 nybe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם 1 Yahweh is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your forefathers”
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1:11 h9y3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יֹסֵ֧ף עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם 1 The implication is that God will **add** to the number of Israelites by births. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “add to your population”
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1:11 it3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים 1 Here, **1000** means “very many.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different number or another phrase that indicates that something happens many times. Alternate translation: “very many times”
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1:11 it3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים 1 Here, **a thousand** means “very many.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different number or another phrase that indicates that something happens many times. Alternate translation: “very many times”
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1:12 fvz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵיכָ֥ה אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽם 1 Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve all of the Israelites' problems by himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement and use the appropriate punctuation at the end of the sentence. Alternate translation: “I cannot carry by myself your loads and your burdens and your disputes.”
|
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1:12 l36d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם 1 Here Moses speaks of the people’s problems and complaints that he needed to solve as if they were heavy physical **loads** and **burdens** that he needed to **carry**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will I make a decision by myself for your issues and your concerns”
|
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1:12 xa3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם 1 The terms **loads** and **burdens** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your heavy loads”
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@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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1:17 spb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיו 1 The implication is that Moses will not only **hear** the legal case, but also decide on a solution. You could include this information if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and I shall hear it and decide.”
|
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1:19 s8zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א 1 The implication is that the wilderness causes terror because it is dangerous. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and unsafe”
|
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1:21 itcd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְ֠אֵה 1 Yahweh is using the term **Look** to focus the Israelites' attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Pay attention”
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1:21 sel7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ & אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ & אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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1:21 sel7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd רְ֠אֵה & אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ & עֲלֵ֣ה רֵ֗שׁ & אֲבֹתֶ֨יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ & אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you**, **your**, and the command forms are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
1:21 cl66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְפָנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here, the word **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
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1:21 c9fo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֲלֵ֣ה 1 Here, **go up** means “go fight.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “attack”
|
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1:21 xjd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ 1 Here Yahweh could be using the present tense: (1) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “I will give the land before your faces” (2) to refer to something that he has already done. Alternate translation: “I have already given the land before your faces” See how this is translated in [Deuteronomy 1:8](../01/08.md).
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@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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1:42 zjfh rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could move the last phrase to the beginning, since the last phrase gives the reason for the result that the beginning of the sentence describes. Alternate translation: “I will not be among you, so do not go up and do not fight, so you will not be defeated before the face of your enemies.”
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1:42 ahae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֤א תַֽעֲלוּ֙ 1 Here, **go up** means “approach in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not go to war”
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1:42 vgw8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “or your enemies will defeat you”
|
||||
1:42 i703 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם 1 Yahweh is suggesting that this is a hypothetical condition, that the Israelites will **be defeated** if they “fight”. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “otherwise you will be defeated before the face of your enemies”
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1:42 vuy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֖י 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by”
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1:42 ps2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם 1 As God, Yahweh is always everywhere. The implication is that Yahweh **will not be among** the Israelites in a special way to help them. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. See chapter introduction for more information. Alternate translation: “I will not help you”
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1:43 q8fb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֣י 1 Here, **mouth** refers to Yahweh’s commands and what he says to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the command of”
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@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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1:45 w3kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין 1 Here, **give ear** is a figure of speech that means “listen.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he did not lend his ear” or “and he did not pay attention”
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1:45 tvc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְלֹֽא־שָׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ בְּקֹ֣לְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין אֲלֵיכֶֽם 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh did not listen to your voice, nor did he give ear to you”
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1:46 fnvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים כַּיָּמִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְשַׁבְתֶּֽם 1 The expression **according to the days that you stayed {there}** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “many days.”
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2:intro ji46 0 # Deuteronomy 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter continues Moses’ first speech from the previous chapter.\n\n- vv. 1-11: Moses recounts the Israelites’ journey from the wilderness to the land of the Edomites, Moabites, and Ammonites\n- vv. 24-37: Moses recounts how Yahweh allowed the Israelites to defeat King Sihon\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### God knows everything, sees everything, and is everywhere\nAs God, Yahweh knows everything past, present, and future. And, as God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. In verse 7, Moses explains that Yahweh was with the Israelites in a special way.\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Quotes in quotes\nIn this chapter, Moses gives a speech and quotes what other people said. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate or format this passage so that there are not quotations within a quotation. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])\n\n### Pronouns\nIn this chapter, the second person pronoun “you” is plural unless otherwise noted. Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites at Horeb, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.\n\n### Moses represents the Israelites\nThe singular pronoun “you” occurs when Yahweh speaks directly to Moses. The Israelites requested that Moses speak to Yahweh on their behalf because the Israelites fear Yahweh and do not want to speak directly to him. Moses acts as a representative on behalf of all the Israelites. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could clarify that Yahweh wants Moses to tell the Israelites everything that Yahweh says.\n\n### “Yahweh your God”\nThroughout this chapter, Moses refers to Yahweh as “your God” when he speaks to the Israelites. Moses is referring to the same God that he also worships. He is not distinguishing between the God of the Israelites and his own God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that this is the same God that Moses worships. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) //this needs to go in the book intro
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2:intro ji46 0 # Deuteronomy 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter continues Moses’ first speech from the previous chapter.\n\n- vv. 1-11: Moses recounts the Israelites’ journey from the wilderness to the land of the Edomites, Moabites, and Ammonites\n- vv. 24-37: Moses recounts how Yahweh allowed the Israelites to defeat King Sihon\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### God knows everything, sees everything, and is everywhere\nAs God, Yahweh knows everything past, present, and future. And, as God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. In verse 7, Moses explains that Yahweh was with the Israelites in a special way.\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Quotes in quotes\nIn this chapter, Moses gives a speech and quotes what other people said. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate or format this passage so that there are not quotations within a quotation. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])\n\n### Pronouns\nIn this chapter, the second person pronoun “you” is plural unless otherwise noted. Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites at Horeb, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.\n\n### Moses represents the Israelites\nThe singular pronoun “you” occurs when Yahweh speaks directly to Moses. The Israelites requested that Moses speak to Yahweh on their behalf because the Israelites fear Yahweh and do not want to speak directly to him. Moses acts as a representative on behalf of all the Israelites. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could clarify that Yahweh wants Moses to tell the Israelites everything that Yahweh says.\n
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2:1 ys5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנֵּ֜פֶן 1 The implication is that the Israelites **turned** around and went back the way they came. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And we turned around”
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2:1 b9af rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָמִ֥ים רַבִּֽים 1 Here, the phrase **many days** means “a long time.” [Numbers 14:33-34](../num/14/33.md) tells us that the Israelites wandered in the desert for 40 years. Many of those 40 years were spent around Mount Seir. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “a very long time”
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2:2 l1m8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
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@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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2:8 n8fq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַחֵ֣ינוּ בְנֵי־עֵשָׂ֗ו 1 The Israelites are descendants of Jacob, who was Esau's brother. The Israelites and the **sons of Esau** are all descendants of Isaac. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. See how you translated this in [2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “our relatives, the sons of Esau”
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2:8 bmap rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַחֵ֣ינוּ בְנֵי 1 Here, **brothers** means “relatives” and **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this in [2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “our relatives, the descendants of”
|
||||
2:8 ctw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מֵאֵילַ֖ת וּמֵעֶצְיֹ֣ן גָּ֑בֶר 1 The words **Elath** and **Ezion Geber** are the names of cities.
|
||||
2:8 lbh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנֵּ֨פֶן֙ 1 v You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And we turned away from their land”
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2:8 lbh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנֵּ֨פֶן֙ 1 The implication is that the Israelites **turned** away from the area where the descendants of Esau lived. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And we turned away from their land”
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||||
2:9 jttu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אֶל־תָּ֨צַר֙ אֶת־מוֹאָ֔ב וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֥ר בָּ֖ם מִלְחָמָ֑ה 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “You shall not trouble Moab or fight against them in battle”
|
||||
2:9 g8pa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative אֶל־תָּ֨צַר֙ & וְאַל־תִּתְגָּ֥ר 1 Yahweh is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “Do not trouble … and do not fight”
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||||
2:9 ftp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מוֹאָ֔ב 1 The word **Moab** represents the people of Moab. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of Moab”
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@ -208,12 +209,11 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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2:12 emtk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense נָתַ֥ן יְהוָ֖ה לָהֶֽם 1 Here Moses could be using the past tense: (1) to refer to something that Yahweh has already done. Alternate translation: “Yahweh already gave to them” (2) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give to them” See how you translated this in [1:8](../01/08.md).
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||||
2:13 ruf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations עַתָּ֗ה קֻ֛מוּ וְעִבְר֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם אֶת־נַ֣חַל זָ֑רֶד 1 The implication is that Yahweh is speaking these commands. If it would be more natural in your language, you could: (1) use a natural way of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh said, ‘Now rise up and cross yourselves the brook Zered” (2) translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh told us to rise up and cross ourselves the brook Zered”
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||||
2:13 va2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קֻ֛מוּ 1 Here, **rise up** describes the beginning of action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “start your journey”
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2:13 v5e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo וְעִבְר֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם 1 The expression **cross yourselves** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “and cross”
|
||||
2:13 mn1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַ֣חַל זָ֑רֶד & נַ֥חַל זָֽרֶד 1 The term **the brook Zered** is the name of a stream that flows into the Dead Sea. The brook goes from the southeast and creates the border between Edom and Moab.
|
||||
2:14 pphi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְהַיָּמִ֞ים אֲשֶׁר־הָלַ֣כְנוּ ׀ מִקָּדֵ֣שׁ בַּרְנֵ֗עַ עַ֤ד אֲשֶׁר־עָבַ֨רְנוּ֙ אֶת־נַ֣חַל זֶ֔רֶד שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנֶ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה 1 Here, **days** refers to a duration of time. If this would not be clear in your language, you could use a comparable expression for the passing of time. Alternate translation: “And the time that had passed from when we came from Kadesh Barnea until we crossed the brook Zered was 38 years”
|
||||
2:14 v37p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַד־תֹּ֨ם כָּל־הַדּ֜וֹר אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ מִקֶּ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר נִשְׁבַּ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה לָהֶֽם 1 The Israelites who were old enough to fight disobeyed Yahweh. As a result, Yahweh punished them so they would die before they could enter the land that Yahweh said he would give to them. See [1:19-45](../01/19.md).
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2:14 a2ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism תֹּ֨ם 1 Moses is referring to death in a polite way by using the phrase **were finished**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to death in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “had died”
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2:14 xqe0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִקֶּ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה 1 Here, **camp** represents all of the Israelites and anyone traveling with them in the wilderness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites” //I think they were traveling with servants?
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2:14 xqe0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִקֶּ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה 1 Here, **camp** represents all of the Israelites and anyone traveling with them in the wilderness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites”
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2:15 q5m7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יַד־יְהוָה֙ הָ֣יְתָה בָּ֔ם 1 Here, **hand** represents Yahweh’s power and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh used his power against them”
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2:15 tz4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִקֶּ֣רֶב הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה 1 Here, **camp** represents all of the Israelites and everyone traveling with them in the wilderness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites”
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2:15 jl5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism תֻּמָּֽם 1 Moses is referring to death in a polite way by using the phrase **came to an end**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “they died”
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@ -260,18 +260,18 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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2:25 x3s5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 Here, **under all the heavens** is an idiom that means “everywhere.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all over the place”
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2:25 ksjv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal אֲשֶׁ֤ר 1 Here, the word **that** identifies what comes after it as the purpose of the clause that comes before it. Yahweh will cause the peoples to fear the Israelites in order that the peoples might tremble. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation: “in order that”
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2:25 fjp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְרָגְז֥וּ וְחָל֖וּ 1 The terms **quake** and **tremble** mean similar things. Paul is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and will surely tremble”
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2:25 j2yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִפָּנֶֽיךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person and **from** means “because of.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because of you” //should I split this note into two? might be more confusing that way
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2:25 j2yu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִפָּנֶֽיךָ 1 Here, **face** means **because of you.** If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because of you”
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2:26 d2n3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וָאֶשְׁלַ֤ח 1 Here, the pronoun **I** refers to Moses. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “And I, Moses, sent”
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2:26 p6fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִמִּדְבַּ֣ר קְדֵמ֔וֹת 1 The term **wilderness of Kedemoth** is the name of a place near the valley of Arnon.
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2:26 efk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe how his message to Sihon contains **words** that are characterized by **peace**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression. Alternate translation: “with a peaceful message”
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2:26 bbuw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דִּבְרֵ֥י שָׁל֖וֹם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “communicating peaceably”
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2:26 gnsw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
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2:27 bwd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֶעְבְּרָ֣ה & אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר 1 Moses is speaking on behalf of all the Israelites, so he uses the singular pronouns **me** and **I** here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use plural pronouns or clarify to whom the pronouns refer. Alternate translation: “I and the Israelites will pass through … we will go. We will not turn”
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2:27 bwd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֶעְבְּרָ֣ה & אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר 1 Moses is speaking on behalf of all the Israelites, so he uses the singular pronouns **me** and **I** here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use plural pronouns.
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2:27 wu1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular בְאַרְצֶ֔ךָ 1 The word **your** is singular here because it refers to King Sihon.
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2:27 cp9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְאַרְצֶ֔ךָ 1 Moses is using the possessive form to describe the **land** that King Sihon rules over. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression. Alternate translation: “the land that you rule over”
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2:27 gytl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹֽאול 1 These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second sentence emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “On the road I will go. Indeed, I will not turn right or left”
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2:27 bpdc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ 1 By beginning the sentence with **on the road**, Moses is emphasizing that he will only **go** by traveling **on the road.** If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word order or phrase that clarifies this information. Alternate translation: “I will only go on the road”
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2:28 n54c אֹ֣כֶל בַּכֶּ֤סֶף תַּשְׁבִּרֵ֨נִי֙ וְאָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֛יִם בַּכֶּ֥סֶף תִּתֶּן־לִ֖י וְשָׁתִ֑יתִי 1 Moses is assuring Sihon that the Israelites will not trouble Sihon and his people by stealing from them. Instead, they will pay for everything they need. Moses is communicating a polite request rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a polite request. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “Please sell me food for money, and I will eat. And please give to me water for money, and I will drink.”
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2:27 gytl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ לֹ֥א אָס֖וּר יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹֽאול 1 These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second sentence emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the sentences with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “On the road I will go. Indeed, I will not turn right or left”
|
||||
2:27 bpdc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵלֵ֑ךְ 1 By beginning the sentence with **on the road**, Moses is emphasizing that he will only **go** by traveling **on the road.** If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word order or phrase that clarifies this information. Alternate translation: “I will go on the road only”
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2:28 n54c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative אֹ֣כֶל בַּכֶּ֤סֶף תַּשְׁבִּרֵ֨נִי֙ וְאָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֛יִם בַּכֶּ֥סֶף תִּתֶּן־לִ֖י וְשָׁתִ֑יתִי 1 Moses is assuring Sihon that the Israelites will not trouble Sihon and his people by stealing from them. Instead, they will pay for everything they need. Moses is communicating a polite request rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a polite request. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “Please sell me food for money, and I will eat. And please give to me water for money, and I will drink.”
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2:28 brfk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אֹ֣כֶל בַּכֶּ֤סֶף תַּשְׁבִּרֵ֨נִי֙ וְאָכַ֔לְתִּי וּמַ֛יִם בַּכֶּ֥סֶף תִּתֶּן־לִ֖י וְשָׁתִ֑יתִי 1 This verse contains expressions with extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “You will sell me food and water”
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2:28 jp21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns תַּשְׁבִּרֵ֨נִי֙ וְאָכַ֔לְתִּי & לִ֖י וְשָׁתִ֑יתִי & אֶעְבְּרָ֥ה בְרַגְלָֽי 1 Moses is speaking on behalf of all the Israelites, so he uses the singular pronouns **me**, **I**, and **my** here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use plural pronouns or clarify to whom the pronouns refer. Alternate translation: “You will sell me and the Israelites … and we will eat … to us … and we will drink … let us pass through on our feet”
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2:28 oogz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶעְבְּרָ֥ה בְרַגְלָֽי 1 The implication is the Israelites will **pass through** the land peacefully by walking. They will not harass or attack the people living in the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “let me pass through peacefully on my feet”
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@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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2:31 f11n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְאֵ֗ה 1 Yahweh is using the term **Look** to focus the Moses’ attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to this:”
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2:31 farh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תֵּ֣ת לְפָנֶ֔יךָ אֶת־סִיחֹ֖ן וְאֶת־אַרְצ֑וֹ 1 Here Yahweh speaks as if he is physically **giving** Sihon to Moses. Yahweh means that he is enabling Moses to defeat Sihon and take over the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “giving victory before your face over Sihon and his land”
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2:31 q366 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְפָנֶ֔יךָ 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
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2:31 a3yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לְפָנֶ֔יךָ & הָחֵ֣ל רָ֔שׁ 1 Here, the singular pronoun **your** refers to Moses. The command **begin to possess** is also a singular form. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he is giving commands for all of the Israelites. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use plural forms. See how you translated this in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “before your faces … Begin, possess”
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2:31 a3yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לְפָנֶ֔יךָ & הָחֵ֣ל רָ֔שׁ 1 Here, the singular pronoun **your** refers to Moses. In the original language, the command, **Begin, possess** is also a singular form. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he is giving commands for all of the Israelites. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use plural forms. See how you translated this in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “before your faces … Begin, possess”
|
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2:31 mn2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אַרְצ֑וֹ & אַרְצֽוֹ 1 Here, the pronoun **his** refers to King Sihon. Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the **land** that King Sihon rules over. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression. Alternate translation: “the land that he rules over … the land that he rules over”
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2:31 wz3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication הָחֵ֣ל רָ֔שׁ לָרֶ֖שֶׁת 1 The words **possess, to possess** translate a verb that is repeated for emphasis. Yahweh wants the Israelites to fully possess the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language. Alternate translation: “Begin to fully possess”
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2:32 tf3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיֵּצֵא֩ סִיחֹ֨ן לִקְרָאתֵ֜נוּ 1 The implication is that **Sihon came out** of his main city, Heshbon and went to Jahaz to fight against the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And Sihon came out from Heshbon to attack us”
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@ -310,9 +310,9 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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2:37 v1z7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd לֹ֣א קָרָ֑בְתָּ 1 Even though **you** is singular in this verse, Moses is referring to himself and all the Israelites. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a different pronoun. Alternate translation: “we did not approach”
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2:37 cezq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַ֞ד 1 Here, **hand** means “side” or, as relating to a river, “shore.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the shore of”
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2:37 vt6d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַ֤חַל יַבֹּק֙ 1 The term **Jabbok River** is the name of a river. The river created the border between Sihon’s land and the land of the Ammonites.
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3:intro z1ea 0 # Deuteronomy 3 General Notes\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-11: Moses recounts how the Israelites defeated King Og\n- vv. 12-22: Allotting land east of the Jordan to \n- vv. 23-29: Yahweh forbids Moses from entering the land\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Victories\n\nThe victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties\n\n###“Yahweh your God”\nThroughout this chapter, Moses refers to Yahweh as “your God” when he speaks to the Israelites. Moses is referring to the same God that he also worships. He is not distinguishing between the God of the Israelites and his own God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that this is the same God that Moses worships. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])\n\n### Quotes in quotes\n\nIn this chapter, Moses gives a speech and quotes what other people said. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate or format this passage so that there are not quotations within a quotation. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])\n\n### Pronouns\n\nIn this chapter, the second person pronoun “you” is plural unless otherwise noted. Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites at Horeb, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.\n\n### Time Background\n\nIn his speech, Moses reminds the Israelites about what happened to their ancestors before they entered the land that Yahweh promised to give to them. Throughout his speech, Moses repeats the phrase “at that time” to refer to new topics that occur during that time period. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state this information explicitly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevents]])
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3:intro z1ea 0 # Deuteronomy 3 General Notes\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-11: Moses recounts how the Israelites defeated King Og\n- vv. 12-22: Allotting land east of the Jordan to Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh\n- vv. 23-29: Yahweh forbids Moses from entering the land\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Victories\n\nThe victories recorded in this chapter occurred on the east side of the Jordan River. This was not part of the Promised Land, which was on the west side of the Jordan River. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties\n\n###“Yahweh your God”\nThroughout this chapter, Moses refers to Yahweh as “your God” when he speaks to the Israelites. Moses is referring to the same God that he also worships. He is not distinguishing between the God of the Israelites and his own God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could clarify that this is the same God that Moses worships. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])\n\n### Quotes in quotes\n\nIn this chapter, Moses gives a speech and quotes what other people said. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate or format this passage so that there are not quotations within a quotation. (See [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])\n\n### Pronouns\n\nIn this chapter, the second person pronoun “you” is plural unless otherwise noted. Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites at Horeb, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.\n\n### Time Background\n\nIn his speech, Moses reminds the Israelites about what happened to their ancestors before they entered the land that Yahweh promised to give to them. Throughout his speech, Moses repeats the phrase “at that time” to refer to events that occur during that time period. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state this information explicitly. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevents]])
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3:1 b1tm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנֵּ֣פֶן 1 The implication is that the Israelites **turned** north from Sihon's land to go to Bashan. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And we turned northward”
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3:1 lu1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנַּ֔עַל 1 Here, the term **went up** means
|
||||
3:1 lu1c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנַּ֔עַל 1 Here, the term **went up** means "traveled upon." You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and traveled upon”
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||||
3:1 sahw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession דֶּ֖רֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֑ן 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe a **road** that goes through the region of **Bashan**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different way to explain the relationship between **road** and **Bashan**. Alternate translation: “the road in the region of Bashan”
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||||
3:1 z2w7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עוֹג֩ 1 The word **Og** is the name of a king. See how you translated it in [1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
3:1 ylw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיֵּצֵ֣א עוֹג֩ מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁ֨ן לִקְרָאתֵ֜נוּ 1 The implication is that Og **came out** of the city where he lived in order to fight against the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And Og, the king of the Bashan, came out from his city to attack us”
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@ -327,18 +327,16 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
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3:2 tvji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְיָדְךָ֞ 1 Here, the word **hand** means “power” or “control.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “under your control”
|
||||
3:2 w9tj rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense נָתַ֧תִּי 1 Here Yahweh could be using the past tense: (1) to refer to something that he has already done. Alternate translation: “I have already given” (2) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “I will give”
|
||||
3:3 n4lw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיָדֵ֗נוּ 1 Here, the word **hand** means “power” or “control.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “into your control”
|
||||
3:3 maii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנַּכֵּ֕הוּ 1 Here, **struck down** means “defeated in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And we defeated him” or "And we slew them"
|
||||
3:3 rm5e not one of his people remained 0 This is a litotes that is used to emphasize that the Israelites did not let anyone live. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead”
|
||||
3:3 maii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַנַּכֵּ֕הוּ 1 Here, **struck down** means “defeated in battle.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And we smote him” or "And we slew them"
|
||||
3:4 nwb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives לֹ֤א הָֽיְתָה֙ קִרְיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־לָקַ֖חְנוּ מֵֽאִתָּ֑ם שִׁשִּׁ֥ים עִיר֙ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the repeated negative particle **not**. Alternate translation: “We took from them every city of 60 cities”
|
||||
3:4 x9q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names חֶ֣בֶל אַרְגֹּ֔ב 1 The word **Argob** is the name of a **region** within the country Bashan.
|
||||
3:5 p7qc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עָרִ֧ים בְּצֻר֛וֹת 1 The implication is that these **cities** were fortified, so they were hard to access. The walls, gates, and bars protected the city from attack. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “were cities fortified”
|
||||
3:5 qup3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys דְּלָתַ֣יִם וּבְרִ֑יחַ 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **bars** tells what the **gates** were like. The cities had gates with metal bars across them to keep enemies from coming in the cities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use **and**. Alternate translation: “with barred gates”
|
||||
3:5 v9nt לְבַ֛ד מֵעָרֵ֥י 0 Alternate translation: “in addition to very many” or “not including very many”
|
||||
3:5 qup3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys דְּלָתַ֣יִם וּבְרִ֑יחַ 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **bars** tells what the **gates** were like. The city walls had gates with metal bars across them to keep enemies from coming in the cities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use **and**. Alternate translation: “that had barred gates”
|
||||
3:6 kqel rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אוֹתָ֔ם 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the cities and towns over which King Og ruled. If this is not clear for your readers, you could include this information. Alternate translation: “the cities”
|
||||
3:6 vk9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־עִ֣יר 1 Here, **city** represents the people living inside the cities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all the people in every city”
|
||||
3:8 w2ct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִיַּ֗ד 1 Here, the word **hand** means “power” or “control.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “away from the control of” or "out of the control of"
|
||||
3:8 a9ko rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers שְׁנֵי֙ 1 Alternate translation: "both of the"
|
||||
3:8 l9c4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The implication is that the Amorites were **across the Jordan** from the rest of the land that Yahweh promised to give to the Israelites. The Amorites were east of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “were east of the Jordan”
|
||||
3:8 l9c4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The implication is that the Amorites were **across the Jordan** from the rest of the land that Yahweh promised to give to the Israelites. The Amorites were east of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “were over on the east side of the Jordan”
|
||||
3:8 c8hd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִנַּ֥חַל אַרְנֹ֖ן 1 The term **Valley of Arnon** is the name of a place. See how you translated it in [2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||||
3:8 b5q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַ֥ר חֶרְמֽוֹן 1 The term **Mount Hermon** is the name of a mountain at the northern border of Bashan.
|
||||
3:9 c5pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background צִידֹנִ֛ים יִקְרְא֥וּ לְחֶרְמ֖וֹן שִׂרְיֹ֑ן וְהָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י יִקְרְאוּ־ל֖וֹ שְׂנִֽיר 1 This verse provides background information about the land that the Israelites conquered. This information helps readers understand what happened in the story. These verses are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
||||
|
|
@ -349,10 +347,10 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
3:10 g7ie rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names סַלְכָ֖ה וְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי 1 The words **Salekah** and **Edrei** are names of cities. See how you translated **Edrei** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||
3:11 nd7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background כִּ֣י רַק־ע֞וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֗ן נִשְׁאַר֮ מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָרְפָאִים֒ הִנֵּ֤ה עַרְשׂוֹ֙ עֶ֣רֶשׂ בַּרְזֶ֔ל הֲלֹ֣ה הִ֔וא בְּרַבַּ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן תֵּ֧שַׁע אַמּ֣וֹת אָרְכָּ֗הּ וְאַרְבַּ֥ע אַמּ֛וֹת רָחְבָּ֖הּ בְּאַמַּת־אִֽישׁ 1 This verse provides background information about King Og. This information helps readers understand what happened in the story. These verses are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
||||
3:11 mdg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הָרְפָאִים֒ 1 The word **Raphaites** is the name of a people group. See how you translated this in [2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||||
3:11 i4qm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִנֵּ֤ה 1 The author is using the term **Behold** to focus attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Note that”
|
||||
3:11 i4qm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִנֵּ֤ה 1 The author is using the term **Behold** to focus attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “Consider now”
|
||||
3:11 ug2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַרְשׂוֹ֙ עֶ֣רֶשׂ 1 Here, the word **couch** refers to furniture that one can lie down on. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “his bedstead was a bedstead of”
|
||||
3:11 ev4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹ֣ה הִ֔וא בְּרַבַּ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹן 1 The writer uses a question to remind the Israelites that they could go to Rabbah and see how large Og must have been. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “It is in Rabbah, of the sons of Ammon.”
|
||||
3:11 b98u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance אַמּ֣וֹת & אַמּ֛וֹת & בְּאַמַּת 1 A **cubit** is a measurement of distance equivalent to 46 centimeters. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote. Alternate translation: “text”
|
||||
3:11 b98u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance אַמּ֣וֹת & אַמּ֛וֹת & בְּאַמַּת 1 A **cubit** is a measurement of distance equivalent to 46 centimeters. Nine cubits is approximately four meters, and four cubits is approximately 1.8 meters. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote.
|
||||
3:11 z43d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּאַמַּת־אִֽישׁ 1 Here, the author is using the possessive form to describe the measurement of **the cubit** that a **man** would normally use. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a comparable expression to describe a standard measurement. Alternate translation: “according to the cubit that most people use”
|
||||
3:12 s921 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מֵעֲרֹעֵ֞ר 1 The word **Aroer** is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [2:36](../02/36.md).
|
||||
3:12 h352 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נַ֣חַל אַרְנֹ֗ן 1 The term **Valley of Arnon** is the name of a place. See how you translated it in [2:24](../02/24.md).
|
||||
|
|
@ -361,7 +359,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
3:13 l167 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֑ה 1 Yahweh explains which areas belong to the part of the tribe of Manasseh that lives east of the Jordan in [Joshua 13:29-31](Jos/13/29.md). Moses allotted part of the land west of the Jordan to part of the tribe of Manasseh in [Deuteronomy 17:1-13](Deu/17/01.md). You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers, either in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “to the half of the tribe of Manasseh that lived east of the Jordan”
|
||||
3:13 pt8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הָֽאַרְגֹּב֙ 1 The word **Argob** is the name of a region in Bashan. See how you translated this in [verse 4](../03/04.md).
|
||||
3:13 g27b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names רְפָאִֽים 1 The word **Raphaites** is the name of a people group. See how you translated it in [2:11](../02/11.md).
|
||||
3:13-14 xzf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background כֹּ֣ל חֶ֤בֶל הָֽאַרְגֹּב֙ לְכָל־הַבָּשָׁ֔ן הַה֥וּא יִקָּרֵ֖א אֶ֥רֶץ רְפָאִֽים׃ יָאִ֣יר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה לָקַח֙ אֶת־כָּל־חֶ֣בֶל אַרְגֹּ֔ב עַד־גְּב֥וּל הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְהַמַּֽעֲכָתִ֑י וַיִּקְרָא֩ אֹתָ֨ם עַל־שְׁמ֤וֹ אֶת־הַבָּשָׁן֙ חַוֺּ֣ת יָאִ֔יר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ 1 These verses provide background information about the land that the people of Israel captured. This information helps readers understand what happened in the story. These verses are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
||||
3:13-14 xzf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background כֹּ֣ל חֶ֤בֶל הָֽאַרְגֹּב֙ לְכָל־הַבָּשָׁ֔ן הַה֥וּא יִקָּרֵ֖א אֶ֥רֶץ רְפָאִֽים׃ & יָאִ֣יר בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה לָקַח֙ אֶת־כָּל־חֶ֣בֶל אַרְגֹּ֔ב עַד־גְּב֥וּל הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְהַמַּֽעֲכָתִ֑י וַיִּקְרָא֩ אֹתָ֨ם עַל־שְׁמ֤וֹ אֶת־הַבָּשָׁן֙ חַוֺּ֣ת יָאִ֔יר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ 1 These verses provide background information about the land that the people of Israel captured. This information helps readers understand what happened in the story. These verses are not part of Moses’ speech to the Israelites. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
||||
3:14 aa4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names יָאִ֣יר 1 The word **Jair** is the name of a man.
|
||||
3:14 x9m7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בֶּן 1 Here, **son** means “descendant.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a descendant of”
|
||||
3:14 uz9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַד־גְּב֥וּל 1 The implication is that **the border of** the Geshurites and the Maacathites is north of the region of Argob. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “northward to the border of”
|
||||
|
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@ -386,30 +384,30 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
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3:18 gnl8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּֽעַבְר֗וּ 1 The implication is that the fighting men of the three tribes will **cross over** the Jordan River. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “will cross the Jordan River”
|
||||
3:18 j9qx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֛י 1 Here, **faces** represent the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
|
||||
3:18 mq1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֵיכֶ֥ם 1 Here, **brothers** means “male relatives.” The Israelites are all descendants of Jacob. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
3:18 e8ey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of”
|
||||
3:18 e8ey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵֽי 1 Here, **sons** means “male descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the men of”
|
||||
3:18 vrky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 Here, Moses is speaking to the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh. Here, **Israel** refers to the other tribes of Israel. You could use an exclusive form if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
3:19 ma9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns נְשֵׁיכֶ֣ם וְטַפְּכֶם֮ וּמִקְנֵכֶם֒ & לָכֶ֑ם & בְּעָ֣רֵיכֶ֔ם & לָכֶֽם 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** refer to the people of the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the names of the tribes here.
|
||||
3:20 cpr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם֮ כָּכֶם֒ & וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם & לָכֶֽם 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** refer to the people of the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the names of the tribes here.
|
||||
3:20 zgr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם֮ 1 Here, **brothers** means “relatives.” The Israelites are all descendants of Jacob. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
3:20 zgr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם֮ 1 Here, **brothers** means “male relatives.” The Israelites are all descendants of Jacob. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “your fellow Israelites”
|
||||
3:20 isu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָנִ֨יחַ & ׀ לַֽאֲחֵיכֶם֮ כָּכֶם֒ 1 The implication is that **to have rest** is the absence of war. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “causes your brothers, as you, to have rest from fighting”\n
|
||||
3:20 b0ti rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֚ישׁ 1 The word **man** represents every fighting man from the three tribes in general, not one particular man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “every fighting man”
|
||||
3:20 ac2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The implication is that the land **across the Jordan** is on the west. Moses was east of the Jordan when he said this. Alternate translation: “west of the Jordan River”
|
||||
3:20 xkx5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִֽירֻשָּׁת֔וֹ 1 The implication is that the **inheritance** is the land that Moses allotted to each family. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to his land”
|
||||
3:20 s3hn וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם 1 Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. Alternate translation: “Only then are you to return.”
|
||||
3:20 s3hn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְשַׁבְתֶּ֗ם 1 Moses is emphasizing that the other tribes must possess their land before Yahweh will permit these three tribes to possess their land. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “Only then are you to return.”
|
||||
3:21 s2lk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular עֵינֶ֣יךָ & אַתָּ֖ה 1 The words **you** and **your** are singular here because they refer to Joshua.
|
||||
3:21 xd1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵינֶ֣יךָ 1 Here, **eyes** represent the whole person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You yourself”
|
||||
3:21 p9pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִשְׁנֵי֙ הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה 1 Here, the term **these two kings** refers to King Sihon and King Og, whom the Israelites defeated. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to these two kings, Sihon and Og”
|
||||
3:21 d7dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָֽׁמָּה 1 Here, the word **there** refers to all of the land that Yahweh promised to give to the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “in the land that he will give you”
|
||||
3:22 w5lw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹ֖א תְִּירָא֑וּם 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the people who live in the land that the Israelites are about to occupy. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “Do not fear the people who live in the land”
|
||||
3:22 cl6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֚י 1 The word translated as **for** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “because”
|
||||
3:22 o5gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns ה֖וּא 1 Moses uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that Yahweh will fight for the Israelites. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “it is he who”
|
||||
3:22 o5gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ה֖וּא הַנִּלְחָ֥ם 1 For emphasis, Moses is stating the pronoun **himself**, whose meaning is already included in the verb **fight**. Moses uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that Yahweh will fight for the Israelites. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. The ULT does so by using the intensive pronoun **himself**. Alternate translation: “it is he who will fight”
|
||||
3:23 d3fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵאמֹֽר 1 Here, the word **saying** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of doing that in your own language.
|
||||
3:24 z9tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person עַבְדְּךָ֔ 1 Here, Moses is referring to himself as **your servant**, which is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority. Alternate translation: “me, your servant,”
|
||||
3:24 bulf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular אַתָּ֤ה & עַבְדְּךָ֔ & אֶ֨ת־גָּדְלְךָ֔ וְאֶת־יָדְךָ֖ הַחֲזָקָ֑ה & כְמַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָ וְכִגְבוּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 Here, the pronoun **you** and **your** are singular because they refer to Yahweh.
|
||||
3:24 rgyp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אֶ֨ת־גָּדְלְךָ֔ וְאֶת־יָדְךָ֖ הַחֲזָקָ֑ה 1 The terms **greatness** and **strong hand** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your immense greatness”
|
||||
3:24 idr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יָדְךָ֖ הַחֲזָקָ֑ה 1 Here, **hand** represents Yahweh’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your power”
|
||||
3:24 qkn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִי־אֵל֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם וּבָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה כְמַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָ וְכִגְבוּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God with the power to do the works he has done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “No god in heaven or in earth could do works as your works and as your mighty deeds.”
|
||||
3:24 ls1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם וּבָאָ֔רֶץ 1 Here, Moses is referring to all places by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “anywhere”
|
||||
3:24 rgyp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אֶ֨ת־גָּדְלְךָ֔ וְאֶת־יָדְךָ֖ הַחֲזָקָ֑ה 1 The terms **greatness** and **strong hand** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “your powerful greatness”
|
||||
3:24 idr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יָדְךָ֖ הַחֲזָקָ֑ה 1 Here, **hand** represents Yahweh’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your strong power”
|
||||
3:24 qkn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִי־אֵל֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם וּבָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה כְמַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָ וְכִגְבוּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 Moses uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh is the only God, and only he has the power to do the works he has done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “No god in heaven or in earth could do works as your works and as your mighty deeds.”
|
||||
3:24 ls1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism בַּשָּׁמַ֣יִם וּבָאָ֔רֶץ 1 Here, Moses is referring to all places by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is there anywhere”
|
||||
3:24 sd4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet כְמַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָ וְכִגְבוּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 The terms **works** and **mighty deeds** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “as your very mighty works”
|
||||
3:25 qg4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness נָּ֗א 1 The word translated as **please** here is a term used in polite requests. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could use an equivalent expression for making a polite request.
|
||||
3:25 c8zq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן 1 The implication is that the land **across the Jordan** is on the west side. When Moses spoke these words to Yahweh, he was east of the Jordan River in Moab. Alternate translation: “is west of the Jordan River.”
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||||
|
|
@ -434,7 +432,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
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4:2 ft3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche הַדָּבָר֙ 1 Here, **word** represents all of the words of the law that Yahweh spoke to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “everything”
|
||||
4:2 r77u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִצְוֺת֙ יְהוָ֣ה 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **commandments** that come from **Yahweh**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the commandments given by Yahweh”
|
||||
4:3 u7gv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ 1 Moses is using **eyes** to represent all of a person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “All of you”
|
||||
4:3 bs2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר 1 Here, Moses is referring to the events of [Numbers 25:1-9](Num/25/01.md), when Israelite men committed sexual immorality with Moabite women. The women tempted the Israelite men to follow their idol, the **Baal** of **Peor**. As a result, Yahweh punished the Israelites with a plague until Phinehas the priest killed a man who was still committing adultery.
|
||||
4:3 bs2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּבַ֣עַל פְּע֑וֹר 1 Here, Moses is referring to the events of [Numbers 25:1-9](Num/25/01.md), when Israelite men committed sexual immorality with Moabite women. The women tempted the Israelite men to worship their idol, the **Baal** of **Peor**. As a result, Yahweh punished the Israelites with a plague until Phinehas the priest killed a man who was still committing adultery.
|
||||
4:3 p9ok rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָלַךְ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י 1 Here, **walked after** means “worshiped.” Moses is speaking of worshipping idols as if people were physically walking behind idols to follow them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “worshiped”
|
||||
4:3 naji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הִשְׁמִיד֛וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh **destroyed them** by killing them. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “has killed them”
|
||||
4:3 yl8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all of the Israelites, the pronoun **your** is singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
|
|
@ -453,8 +451,8 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
4:6 dkil rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations וְאָמְר֗וּ 1 Here, the word **say** introduces direct speech. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
|
||||
4:6 sr33 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַם־חָכָ֣ם וְנָב֔וֹן הַגּ֥וֹי הַגָּד֖וֹל הַזֶּֽה 1 Here, **nation** represents the people of that nation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of this great nation are wise and understanding”
|
||||
4:7 thf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֚י 1 The word translated as **For** indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before.
|
||||
4:7 hx9w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קְרֹבִ֣ים אֵלָ֑יו 1 Here Moses is speaking of Yahweh’s protection and guidance as if Yahweh could physically come **near** to the Israelites. See book introduction for more information about Yahweh’s presence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who protects it”
|
||||
4:7-8 m62n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion כִּ֚י מִי־ג֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־ל֥וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים קְרֹבִ֣ים אֵלָ֑יו כַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ בְּכָּל־קָרְאֵ֖נוּ אֵלָֽיו׃\nוּמִי֙ גּ֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־ל֛וֹ חֻקִּ֥ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים צַדִּיקִ֑ם כְּכֹל֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י נֹתֵ֥ן לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם הַיּֽוֹם׃ 1 Moses is using the question form to emphasize how great Yahweh is compared to the idols that other nations follow. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: “For there is no other great nation that has a god near to it as Yahweh our God is whenever we call on him. And, there is no other great nation that has statues and ordinances righteous as all this law that I am giving before your faces today.”
|
||||
4:7 hx9w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קְרֹבִ֣ים אֵלָ֑יו 1 Here Moses is speaking of Yahweh’s protection and guidance as if Yahweh could physically come **near** to the Israelites. See book introduction for more information about Yahweh’s presence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “who is protecting it”
|
||||
4:7-8 m62n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion כִּ֚י מִי־ג֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־ל֥וֹ אֱלֹהִ֖ים קְרֹבִ֣ים אֵלָ֑יו כַּיהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ בְּכָּל־קָרְאֵ֖נוּ אֵלָֽיו׃ &\nוּמִי֙ גּ֣וֹי גָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־ל֛וֹ חֻקִּ֥ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים צַדִּיקִ֑ם כְּכֹל֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י נֹתֵ֥ן לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם הַיּֽוֹם׃ 1 Moses is using the question form to emphasize how great Yahweh is compared to the idols that other nations follow. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: “For there is no other great nation that has a god near to it as Yahweh our God is whenever we call on him. And, there is no other great nation that has statues and ordinances righteous as all this law that I am giving before your faces today.”
|
||||
4:8 g3lt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet חֻקִּ֥ים וּמִשְׁפָּטִ֖ים 1 The terms **statutes** and **ordinances** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “important rules”
|
||||
4:8 po9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֹתֵ֥ן 1 Here Moses is speaking of reading the law as if he was physically **giving** it to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “am repeating”
|
||||
4:8 odq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you”
|
||||
|
|
@ -491,14 +489,14 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
4:19 hips rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo וּפֶן 1 Moses uses the word **lest** to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “And in case”
|
||||
4:19 a5bt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ & וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ & וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ & וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם & אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to a group of people, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
4:19 d0wc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ 1 Here, **lift up your eyes** is an idiom that means “you look.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “turn your eyes” or “you look”
|
||||
4:19 r5pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם 1 Here, **all the multitude of the heavens** is an idiom that means “all the stars in the sky.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all the stars in the sky”\n
|
||||
4:19 r5pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם 1 Here, **all the multitude of the heavens** is an idiom that means “all the heavenly bodies in the sky.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all the heavenly bodies in the sky”\n
|
||||
4:19 mg57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and let them seduce you”
|
||||
4:19 os1x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ 1 The implication is that the Israelites might **be seduced** to worship the sun, moon, or stars and commit the sin of idolatry. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “and be seduced to idolatry”
|
||||
4:19 mpi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם 1 Moses speaks of the stars as if they were small objects that Yahweh **allotted** and gave out to the people groups. Moses means that all people groups are able to see the sun, moon, and the stars. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh your God has allowed all the peoples under all the heavens to see”
|
||||
4:20 uej2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִכּ֥וּר הַבַּרְזֶ֖ל 1 An **iron furnace** is very hot, and people use it to melt iron. Moses speaks as if the Israelites’ suffering in Egypt was so severe that it was like an **iron furnace** and the Israelites were the iron inside the furnace. Alternate translation: “brought you out of the land where people made you do hard work”
|
||||
4:19 mpi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם 1 Moses speaks of the heavenly bodies as if they were small objects that Yahweh **allotted** and gave out to the people groups. Moses means that all people groups are able to see the sun, moon, and the stars. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh your God has allowed all the peoples under all the heavens to see”
|
||||
4:20 uej2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִכּ֥וּר הַבַּרְזֶ֖ל 1 An **iron furnace** is very hot, and people use it to melt iron. Moses speaks as if the Israelites’ suffering in Egypt was so severe that it was like an **iron furnace** and the Israelites were the iron inside the furnace. Alternate translation: “brought you out of the land where the Egyptians oppressed you”
|
||||
4:20 c59d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ל֛וֹ לְעַ֥ם נַחֲלָ֖ה 1 Moses speaks as if all the people of Israel were one object that Yahweh owns. Moses means that Yahweh chose to have a special relationship with Israel. See chapter introduction for more information. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his chosen people”
|
||||
4:20 ga0x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The implication is that the Israelites still have a special relationship with Yahweh at the time when Moses is giving this speech to them. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as you are this day as I speak to you”
|
||||
4:21 l8rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַֽיהוָ֥ה הִתְאַנֶּף־בִּ֖י עַל־דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֗ע לְבִלְתִּ֤י עָבְרִי֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וּלְבִלְתִּי־בֹא֙ אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה 1 This refers to [Numbers 20](Num/20/10.md), when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. The Israelite people complained that they did not have water in the wilderness. Yahweh told Moses to speak to the rock so water would come out, but Moses disobeyed Yahweh and struck the rock with his staff. As a result, Yahweh promised that Moses would not enter the land.
|
||||
4:21 l8rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַֽיהוָ֥ה הִתְאַנֶּף־בִּ֖י עַל־דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֗ע לְבִלְתִּ֤י עָבְרִי֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וּלְבִלְתִּי־בֹא֙ אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה 1 This refers to [Numbers 20](Num/20/10.md), when Moses disobeyed what Yahweh told him to do because Moses was angry with the people of Israel. The Israelite people complained that they did not have water in the wilderness. Yahweh told Moses to speak to the rock so water would come out, but Moses disobeyed Yahweh and struck the rock with his staff. As a result, Yahweh **swore** that Moses would not enter the land.
|
||||
4:21 mnnq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן 1 Here Moses could be using the present tense: (1) to refer to something that Yahweh has already done. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God has already given” (2) to refer to something that will certainly happen in the future. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is about to give”
|
||||
4:21 qnf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ & לְךָ֖ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
4:22 k52a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd כִּ֣י 1 Moses uses the word **But** here to indicate a strong contrast between the fact that he will not enter the land while the Israelites will enter the land. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As for me,”
|
||||
|
|
@ -552,8 +550,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
4:32 njz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁר֩ בָּרָ֨א אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אָדָם֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ 1 Moses is referring to the events of [Genesis 1:27](Gen/01/27.md) when Yahweh created human beings, male and female, in his image. This was on the sixth day of creation.
|
||||
4:32 i0fo rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns אָדָם֙ 1 In this verse, the word **man** is singular in form, but it refers to all human beings as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “human beings”
|
||||
4:32 vugi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism וּלְמִקְצֵ֥ה הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם 1 Here, Moses is referring to all of the world by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and on all the earth”
|
||||
4:32 h1ow rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲנִֽהְיָ֗ה כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַזֶּ֔ה א֖וֹ הֲנִשְׁמַ֥ע כָּמֹֽהוּ 1 Moses is using the question form to emphasize how great Yahweh is. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “that there has never been a great thing as this and nothing like it has been heard”
|
||||
4:32 kmtn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַזֶּ֔ה 1 The term **a great thing** refers to the works that Yahweh did, which Moses mentions in the following verses. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “a great thing as Yahweh’s works”
|
||||
4:32 kmtn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדוֹל֙ הַזֶּ֔ה 1 The term **a great thing** refers to the works that Yahweh did, which Moses mentions in the following verses. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as great a thing as Yahweh’s works”
|
||||
4:33 gv8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲשָׁ֣מַֽע עָם֩ ק֨וֹל אֱלֹהִ֜ים מְדַבֵּ֧ר מִתּוֹךְ־הָאֵ֛שׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר־שָׁמַ֥עְתָּ אַתָּ֖ה וַיֶּֽחִי 1 Here Moses is using the question form to emphasize how amazing it is that the Israelites heard Yahweh speak from the fire in [Exodus 19-20](Exo/19/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No other people has heard the voice of God speaking from the midst of the fire, as you have heard, and lived.”
|
||||
4:33 uge5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ק֨וֹל אֱלֹהִ֜ים 1 Here, **voice** represents Yahweh in the act of speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “God himself”
|
||||
4:33 yydf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd שָׁמַ֥עְתָּ אַתָּ֖ה 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
|
|
@ -578,14 +575,14 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
4:36 gza6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּדְבָרָ֥יו שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ 1 Here, Moses is using the possessive form to describe **words** that Yahweh spoke. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use an equivalent expression to describe Yahweh’s speech. Alternate translation: “and you heard the words that Yahweh spoke”
|
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4:37 ss1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ & וַיּוֹצִֽאֲךָ֧ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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4:37 p6x2 אֲבֹתֶ֔יךָ 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your ancestors”
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4:37 h4qk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּזַרְע֖וֹ 1 Here, **seed** refers to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as if they were semen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their offspring”
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4:37 h4qk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּזַרְע֖וֹ 1 Here, **seed** means “offspring.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their offspring”
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4:37 yaem rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns בְּזַרְע֖וֹ אַחֲרָ֑יו 1 In this verse, the word **his** and **him** are singular in form, but it refers to all of the Israelites’ ancestors as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “their seed after them”
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4:37 yey2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּפָנָ֛יו 1 Moses is using **face** to represent Yahweh’s ability to save the Israelites. Moses is emphasizing that Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt by himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by himself”
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4:37 yey2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּפָנָ֛יו 1 Moses is using **face**, meaning Yahweh’s presence, to represent Yahweh’s ability to save the Israelites. Moses is emphasizing that Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt by himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by himself”
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4:38 kbdx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense לְהוֹרִ֗ישׁ גּוֹיִ֛ם גְּדֹלִ֧ים וַעֲצֻמִ֛ים מִמְּךָ֖ מִפָּנֶ֑יךָ 1 This could refer to: (1) nations which the Israelites have already defeated and expelled from the land, as in [Deuteronomy 2-3](../02/26.md). Alternate translation: “when he drove out from before your faces nations greater and mightier than you” (2) nations which the Israelites will expel from the land in the future. Alternate translation: “so that he might drive out from before your faces nations greater and mightier than you”
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4:38 rdl9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd מִמְּךָ֖ מִפָּנֶ֑יךָ לַהֲבִֽיאֲךָ֗ & לְךָ֧ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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4:38 xjq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִפָּנֶ֑יךָ 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of a people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from before you”
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4:38 q3n0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לַהֲבִֽיאֲךָ֗ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will use his power to **bring** the Israelites into the land. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to bring you into the land”
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4:38 n4e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The implication is that the land still belongs to the Israelites at the time when Moses is speaking to the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as it belongs to you this day as I speak to you”
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4:38 n4e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The implication is that the land still belongs to the Israelites at the time when Moses is speaking to the Israelites. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “as it belongs to you now, even as I speak to you”
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4:39 esi7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd וְיָדַעְתָּ֣ & וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֮ & לְבָבֶךָ֒ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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4:39 a1nn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְיָדַעְתָּ֣ & וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֮ 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And know … and return it”
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4:39 sp48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְיָדַעְתָּ֣ הַיּ֗וֹם וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֮ אֶל־לְבָבֶךָ֒ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “And you shall know today, indeed, you shall return it to your heart”
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@ -598,27 +595,27 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
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4:40 e877 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet חֻקָּ֣יו וְאֶת־מִצְוֺתָ֗יו 1 The terms **statutes** and **commandments** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “his important statutes”
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4:40 nx43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּלְבָנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and for your offspring”
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4:40 c3aw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תַּאֲרִ֤יךְ יָמִים֙ עַל־הַ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה 1 The implication is that, if the Israelites obey Yahweh, they **will prolong** the **days** in which they live on the land. Moses is speaking of time as if it was a physical substance that one could **prolong**. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. See how you translated this concept in [verse 26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “you will live in the land for many generations”
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4:40 wxen rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים 1
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4:40 wxen rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים 1 Here, the phrase **all the days** means forever. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “forever”
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4:41 bt78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent אָ֣ז 1 The author is using the word translated **Then** to introduce a new event in the story. Moses’s speech, which began in [1:6](../01/06.md), has finished, and the writer continues the narrative that ended in [1:5](../01/05.md). Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “After he finished his speech,” \n
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4:41 vowz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִזְרְחָ֖ה שָֽׁמֶשׁ 1 Here, **the rising of the sun** is an idiom that means “east.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “towards the east”
|
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4:41 vowz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִזְרְחָ֖ה שָֽׁמֶשׁ 1 Here, **the rising of the sun** is an idiom that means “east.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “toward the east”
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4:42 vlww rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֵעֵ֨הוּ֙ 1 Here, **neighbor** means “fellow Israelite.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his fellow Israelite”
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4:42 eoix rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת 1 Here **without knowing** means “unintentionally.” Moses is speaking of knowledge as if it was the same thing as intention. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “unintentionally”
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4:42 yxbk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם 1 The implication is that the **manslayer** did not premeditate murder. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and he did not hate him previously before and did not plan to kill him”
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4:42 lkg9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם 1 The expression **previously before** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “before”
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4:42 mfo9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וָחָֽי 1 The implication is that the family members of the dead person would try to kill the manslayer, so the people of those cities would protect the manslayer. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and the avenger would not be able to kill him there”
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4:43 csf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בֶּ֧צֶר & גּוֹלָ֥ן 1 The words **Bezer** and **Golan** are names of cities.
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4:44 j6tj This is the law 0 This refers to the laws Moses will give in the following chapters.
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4:44 x5pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שָׂ֣ם 1 Here the word **placed** means “relayed.” Moses is speaking as if the words of the law were physical objects that he **placed** before the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “repeated”
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4:44 gskk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִפְנֵ֖י 1 Here, **faces** represents the presence of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before”
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4:44 i55w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” Moses is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Jacob, who was also known as Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
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4:45 yxek rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure הָֽעֵדֹ֔ת וְהַֽחֻקִּ֖ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים 1 The terms **testimonies**, **statutes**, and **judgments** mean similar things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a general term to represent all three words. ?See chapter introduction for more information. Alternate translation: “are the laws”
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4:45 qrkq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background אֵ֚לֶּה הָֽעֵדֹ֔ת וְהַֽחֻקִּ֖ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם 1 Moses is giving background information to help readers understand where the law comes from. Moses first told the Israelites the law in [Exodus 20-24](Exo/20/01.md) on Mount Sinai, after the Israelites left Egypt. Moses is repeating that same law in his speech here. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
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4:45 yxek rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure הָֽעֵדֹ֔ת וְהַֽחֻקִּ֖ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים 1 The terms **testimonies**, **statutes**, and **judgments** mean similar things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a general term to represent all three words. See chapter introduction for more information. Alternate translation: “are the laws”
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4:45 sntd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” Moses is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Jacob, who was also known as Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
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4:45 qrkq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם 1 Moses first told the Israelites the law in [Exodus 20-24](Exo/20/01.md) on Mount Sinai, after the Israelites left Egypt. Moses is repeating that same law in his speech here. You could include this information if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “after they came out from Egypt, Moses told the Israelites the law at Mount Sinai, and now he is repeating that law”
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4:46 blvj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעֵ֨בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן 1 As Moses is repeating the law to the Israelites, they are camping on the east of the Jordan River. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “when the Israelites are camping east of the Jordan”
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4:46 zf9l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בֵּ֣ית פְּע֔וֹר 1 The term **Beth Peor** is the name of a town in Moab near Mount Pisgah. See how you translated this in [3:29](../03/29.md).
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4:46 c8za rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן 1 The word **Heshbon** is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1:4](../01/04.md).
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4:46 rpq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּבְנֵֽי יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” Moses is identifying the Israelites as descendants of their ancestor Jacob, who was also known as Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
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4:46 t7op rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם 1 The events discussed in this verse occur after the Israelites **came out from Egypt** and after Moses told the Israelites the law the first time. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “after they came out from Egypt”
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4:46-49 k6c9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background 0 The writer is repeating the events that Moses summarized in his first speech from [2:26-3:10](../02/26.md). These events occurred in [Numbers 21:21-35](Num/21/21.md). This information helps the readers understand where the Israelites were camping when Moses is telling them the law. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
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4:46-49 k6c9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background בְּעֵ֨בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן בַּגַּ֗יְא מ֚וּל בֵּ֣ית פְּע֔וֹר בְּאֶ֗רֶץ סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִכָּ֤ה מֹשֶׁה֙ וּבְנֵֽי יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃ &\nוַיִּֽירְשׁ֨וּ אֶת־אַרְצ֜וֹ וְאֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ ׀ ע֣וֹג מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁ֗ן שְׁנֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרַ֖ח שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ &\nמֵעֲרֹעֵ֞ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר עַל־שְׂפַת־נַ֧חַל אַרְנֹ֛ן וְעַד־הַ֥ר שִׂיאֹ֖ן ה֥וּא חֶרְמֽוֹן׃ &\nוְכָל־הָ֨עֲרָבָ֜ה עֵ֤בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה וְעַ֖ד יָ֣ם הָעֲרָבָ֑ה תַּ֖חַת אַשְׁדֹּ֥ת הַפִּסְגָּֽה׃פ & 1 The writer is repeating the events that Moses summarized in his first speech from [2:26-3:10](../02/26.md). These events occurred in [Numbers 21:21-35](Num/21/21.md). This information helps the readers understand where the Israelites were camping when Moses is telling them the law. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
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4:47 ya36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אַרְצ֜וֹ 1 The pronoun **his** refers to King Sihon. If this is not clear for your readers, you could use the person's name here. Alternate translation: “King Sihon’s land”
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4:47 t6wp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִזְרַ֖ח שָֽׁמֶשׁ 1 Here, **the rising of the sun** is an idiom that means “east.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “toward the east”
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4:48 kwj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מֵעֲרֹעֵ֞ר 1 The word **Aroer** is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [2:36](../02/36.md).
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Reference in New Issue