From 1d511000e55f5db200f17a5944b96d0e7a150ed2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: justplainjane47 Date: Fri, 30 Dec 2022 22:40:34 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Edit 'tn_GAL.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' --- tn_GAL.tsv | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/tn_GAL.tsv b/tn_GAL.tsv index 087a7b569d..739b1aefa9 100644 --- a/tn_GAL.tsv +++ b/tn_GAL.tsv @@ -645,14 +645,14 @@ front:intro i6u9 0 # Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc 4:25 klcv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche τὸ & Ἁγὰρ Σινά Ὄρος ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἀραβίᾳ 1 Paul uses **Mount Sinai in Arabia** to refer to the covenant and the accompanying laws that Moses gave to the Israelites there. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use plain language to express this. Alternate translation: “Hagar resembles Mount Sinai in Arabia, where Moses received the law and gave it to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) 4:25 azzt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis συνστοιχεῖ 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. The words that Paul leaves out could be: (1) Hagar. Alternate translation: “Hagar corresponds” (2) Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai corresponds” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) 4:25 xvhr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy νῦν Ἰερουσαλήμ, δουλεύει γὰρ 1 Paul is describing the religion of Judaism (which emphasized obeying the law of Moses) by association with the city of Jerusalem, which was the center of this religion. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “religion of Judaism, for all who follow this religion are in slavery” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -4:25 bonn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor δουλεύει γὰρ μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 Paul speaks of the religion of Judaism, with its emphasis on obeying the law of Moses, as being **in slavery**. Here, Paul uses the word **slavery** to refer to the ”spiritual bondage“ that seeking to obey the religious system based on the law of Moses creates for those who seek to obey it as a means of meriting God’s approval. Here, **slavery** refers to “spiritual bondage” and **children** refers to those people who seek to obey the law of Moses as a means of meriting God’s approval. If your readers would not understand what **slavery** and **children** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “for Jerusalem represents the religious system of Judaism, which results in spiritual bondage for all those who practice it” or “for Jerusalem represents the religious system based on the laws of Moses, which results in spiritual bondage for all those who seek to be righteous before God by practicing it”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:25 bonn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor δουλεύει γὰρ μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 Paul speaks of the religion of Judaism, with its emphasis on obeying the law of Moses, as being **in slavery**. Here, Paul uses the word **slavery** to refer to the ”spiritual bondage“ that seeking to obey the religious system based on the law of Moses creates for those who seek to obey it as a means of meriting God’s approval. Here, **slavery** refers to “spiritual bondage” and **children** refers to those people who seek to obey the law of Moses as a means of meriting God’s approval. If your readers would not understand what **slavery** and **children** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for Jerusalem represents the religious system of Judaism, which results in spiritual bondage for all those who practice it” or “for Jerusalem represents the religious system based on the laws of Moses, which results in spiritual bondage for all those who seek to be righteous before God by practicing it”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:25 frft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification δουλεύει & μετὰ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 Here, Paul refers to the city of **Jerusalem** as though it were a woman (**she** and **her**) who could be **in slavery** and have **children**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem represents the religious system of Judaism, which results in spiritual bondage for all those who practice it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) 4:25 flc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns δουλεύει 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **slavery**, you could express the same idea with a concrete noun such as “slave,” as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) 4:26 busv rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast between “the present Jerusalem” mentioned in [4:25](../04/25.md) and **the Jerusalem above** in this verse. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “On the other hand” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]]) -4:26 qsz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ & ἄνω Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1 The phrase **the Jerusalem above** refers to the heavenly city of God which is comprised of all those who trust Jesus to save them from their sins. If your readers would not understand what **the Jerusalem above** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “the heavenly Jerusalem” or “God’s Jerusalem” or “God’s Jerusalem, which is made up of those who trust in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:26 qsz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἡ & ἄνω Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1 The phrase **the Jerusalem above** refers to the heavenly city of God which is comprised of all those who trust Jesus to save them from their sins. If your readers would not understand what **the Jerusalem above** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the heavenly Jerusalem” or “God’s Jerusalem” or “God’s Jerusalem, which is made up of those who trust in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:26 tdz1 rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἄνω 1 Paul is describing what is “heavenly” (what belongs to or comes from heaven) by association with the word **above**, which his readers would have understood to mean “heavenly.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) 4:26 qpxq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐλευθέρα 1 Here, the word **free** refers to spiritual freedom which consists of freedom from the law of Moses and freedom from the power and condemnation of sin which results in being able to freely worship God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “spiritually free” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -4:26 iwg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἥτις ἐστὶν μήτηρ ἡμῶν 1 Paul uses the word **mother** to refer to belonging to a place as a citizen of that place and possessing the rights and privileges which belong to a citizen. If your readers would not understand what **mother** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “which is the Jerusalem to which we belong” or “which is the place to which we belong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:26 iwg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἥτις ἐστὶν μήτηρ ἡμῶν 1 Paul uses the word **mother** to refer to belonging to a place as a citizen of that place and possessing the rights and privileges which belong to a citizen. If your readers would not understand what **mother** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “which is the Jerusalem to which we belong” or “which is the place to which we belong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:26 c4qu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification μήτηρ ἡμῶν 1 Paul speaks of **the Jerusalem above** as if it was were a **mother**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) 4:26 ijkp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμῶν 1 When Paul says **our**, he is speaking of all believers in Jesus, which would include himself and the Galatian believers, so **our** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) 4:27 kfc6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases γάρ 1 Here, Paul uses the word **For** to indicate that he is introducing material which supports what he said in [4:26](../04/26.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing information which supports a prior claim. (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) @@ -661,15 +661,15 @@ front:intro i6u9 0 # Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc 4:27 jql2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations εὐφράνθητι, στεῖρα, ἡ οὐ τίκτουσα, ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον, ἡ οὐκ ὠδίνουσα, ὅτι πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 This is a quotation from Isaiah 54:1. Use a natural way of indicating that something is a quotation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations]]) 4:27 iqvm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism εὐφράνθητι, στεῖρα, ἡ οὐ τίκτουσα, ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον, ἡ οὐκ ὠδίνουσα 1 These two phrases mean the same thing. Isaiah uses a common Hebrew poetic device and says the same thing twice, in slightly different ways. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “Rejoice, you who are barren” “Rejoice you who have been unable to have children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]) 4:27 r8jm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit στεῖρα & ἡ οὐκ ὠδίνουσα 1 If your language requires you to state the person who is the object of a command, it is implied that a woman is being addressed. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “you barren woman … you woman not suffering the pains of childbirth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -4:27 y6x4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor εὐφράνθητι, στεῖρα, ἡ οὐ τίκτουσα, ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον, ἡ οὐκ ὠδίνουσα, ὅτι πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 Paul is quoting the prophet Isaiah who is speaking of the city of Jerusalem as if it were a **barren** woman who is unable to give **birth**. If your readers would not understand what **barren** and **children** mean in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:27 y6x4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor εὐφράνθητι, στεῖρα, ἡ οὐ τίκτουσα, ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον, ἡ οὐκ ὠδίνουσα, ὅτι πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 Paul is quoting the prophet Isaiah who is speaking of the city of Jerusalem as if it were a **barren** woman who is unable to give **birth**. If your readers would not understand what **barren** and **children** mean in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:27 scqa rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 The word **because** is introducing the reason to **Rejoice**. Use a natural form for introducing a reason to do something. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) -4:27 xi97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 The prophet Isaiah wrote this scripture passage during the time in which Jerusalem and its people had been conquered by the Babylonian army and the people of Jerusalem had been taken away to Babylon. Isaiah is speaking of the city of Jerusalem, as it was at the time of his writing in which is was without most of its original inhabitants, as if it were a **desolate** woman (a woman whose husband has left her) and the inhabitants of Jerusalem as if they were **children**. In this passage from Isaiah 54:1 Isaiah is picturing Israel as a wife who is abandoned by her husband, which is God. Having **children** in this context, refers to having inhabitants. If your readers would not understand what **desolate** and **children** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:27 xi97 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor πολλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐρήμου μᾶλλον, ἢ τῆς ἐχούσης τὸν ἄνδρα 1 The prophet Isaiah wrote this scripture passage during the time in which Jerusalem and its people had been conquered by the Babylonian army and the people of Jerusalem had been taken away to Babylon. Isaiah is speaking of the city of Jerusalem, as it was at the time of his writing in which is was without most of its original inhabitants, as if it were a **desolate** woman (a woman whose husband has left her) and the inhabitants of Jerusalem as if they were **children**. In this passage from Isaiah 54:1 Isaiah is picturing Israel as a wife who is abandoned by her husband, which is God. Having **children** in this context, refers to having inhabitants. If your readers would not understand what **desolate** and **children** mean in this context, you could use equivalent metaphors from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:27 bu3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis ἢ 1 Paul is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “than the children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) 4:28 jfx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δέ 1 Here, Paul uses the word **Now** to indicate that what he writes next is connected to what he wrote immediately before this and that he is continuing his line of thought. Use a natural form in your language to indicate that what follows is in continuity with what precedes it. Alternate translation: “And” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) -4:28 oyo4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ὑμεῖς & ἀδελφοί, κατὰ Ἰσαὰκ, ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ 1 The point of this comparison is that the Galatian believers (who are referred to as **brothers**) are **like Isaac** because both **Isaac** and the Galatians are **children of promise**, meaning that they both owe their birth to God’s supernatural working. Isaac’s physical birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention, and the Galatian believers spiritual birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention. If your readers would misunderstand this, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “my fellow believers, you are similar to Isaac in that God miraculously intervened for both you and him in order to fulfill his promise to Abraham” or “my fellow believers, you are similar to Isaac because God did something miraculous for both you and him in order to fulfill what he promised to Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) +4:28 oyo4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ὑμεῖς & ἀδελφοί, κατὰ Ἰσαὰκ, ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα ἐστέ 1 The point of this comparison is that the Galatian believers (who are referred to as **brothers**) are **like Isaac** because both **Isaac** and the Galatians are **children of promise**, meaning that they both owe their birth to God’s supernatural working. Isaac’s physical birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention, and the Galatian believers spiritual birth came about as a result of God’s supernatural intervention. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my fellow believers, you are similar to Isaac in that God miraculously intervened for both you and him in order to fulfill his promise to Abraham” or “my fellow believers, you are similar to Isaac because God did something miraculous for both you and him in order to fulfill what he promised to Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]) 4:28 p45d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular ὑμεῖς 1 Here, the pronoun **you** is plural. Your language may require you to mark such forms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]]) 4:28 ad75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 See how you translated the word **brothers** in [1:2](../01/02.md) where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) -4:28 ct63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα 1 Here, **children** could be a metaphor which means that the Galatian believers are: (1) “God’s spiritual descendants.” If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “God’s spiritual descendants” or “God’s children” (2) “Abraham’s spiritual descendants.” If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “Abraham’s spiritual descendants” or “Abraham’s children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:28 ct63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα 1 Here, **children** could be a metaphor which means that the Galatian believers are: (1) “God’s spiritual descendants.” If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “God’s spiritual descendants” or “God’s children” (2) “Abraham’s spiritual descendants.” If it would help your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Abraham’s spiritual descendants” or “Abraham’s children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:28 u3dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession ἐπαγγελίας τέκνα 1 Paul is using the possessive form to describe the source of these **children**. He means that the **children** are the **children** or “descendants” which God promised to supernaturally give to Abraham and therefore they are **children** whose source derives from God fulfillment of his **promise** to Abraham. If this is not clear in your language, you could clarify the relationship for your readers. Alternate translation: “children of God’s promise” or “children born from promise” or “children of God’s promise to Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]]) 4:28 u9t0 ἐπαγγελίας 1 See how you translated the word **promise** in [3:14](../03/14.md). 4:29 on63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases ἀλλ’ 1 Here, the word **But** could be: (1) introducing a contrast. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast as modeled by the ULT. (2) indicating a transition. Alternate translation: “And” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) @@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ front:intro i6u9 0 # Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc 4:31 g74v rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases διό 1 The word **Therefore** is introducing Paul’s conclusion to what he explained immediately prior to this verse. Use a natural form for introducing a concluding statement. Alternate translation: “So then” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]]) 4:31 sy8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 See how you translated the word **brothers** in [1:2](../01/02.md) where it is used with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) 4:31 pesk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἐσμὲν 1 When Paul says **we**, he is including the Galatian believers, so **we** would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) -4:31 iz3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τέκνα 1 Paul speaks of “spiritual descendants” as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. See how you translated the word **children** in [4:28](../04/28.md) where it is also used to mean “spiritual descendants.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +4:31 iz3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τέκνα 1 Paul speaks of “spiritual descendants” as if they were **children**. If your readers would not understand what **children** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly, as modeled by the UST. See how you translated the word **children** in [4:28](../04/28.md) where it is also used to mean “spiritual descendants.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) 4:31 al42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit παιδίσκης & ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐλευθέρας 1 Here, Paul is using the phrase **slave girl** to refer to Hagar who symbolizes the law of Moses (which brings spiritual bondage) and is using Sarah, **the free woman**, to symbolize God’s promise that he made to Abraham. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 4:31 akrv παιδίσκης & ἐλευθέρας 1 See how you translated the phrases **slave girl** and **free woman** in [4:22](../04/22.md). 4:31 ily3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 Here, the word **But** is introducing a contrast. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])