1TI front intro wy83 0 # Introduction to 1 Timothy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy<br><br>1. Greetings (1:1,2)<br>1. Paul and Timothy<br>- Warning about false teachers (1:3-11)<br>- Paul thankful for what Christ has done in his ministry (1:12-17)<br>- He calls Timothy to fight in this spiritual battle (1:18-20)<br>1. Prayer for all (2:1-8)<br>1. Roles and responsibilities in the church (2:9-6:2)<br>1. Warnings<br>- Second warning about false teachers (6:3-5)<br>- Money (6:6-10)<br>1. Description of a man of God (6:11-16)<br>1. Note to the wealthy people (6:17-19)<br>1. Closing words to Timothy (6:20,21)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>This book is the first letter Paul wrote to Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote it near the end of his life.<br><br>### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?<br><br>Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “1 Timothy” or “First Timothy.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Paul’s First Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is discipleship?<br><br>Discipleship is the process of making people to be disciples of Christ. The goal of discipleship is to encourage other Christians to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Singular and plural “you”<br>In this book, the word “I” refers to Paul. Also, the word “you” is almost always singular and refers to Timothy. The exception to this is 6:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])<br><br>### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ,” “in the Lord,” etc.?<br><br>Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.<br><br>### What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>For the following verse, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.<br><br>* “godliness is a way to get more money.” Some older versions of the Bible read this way, “godliness is a way to get more money: withdraw from such things.” (6:5)<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br>
1TI 1 intro a4v2 0 # 1 Timothy 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual children<br>In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a “son” and his “child.” Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his “son in the faith.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Genealogies<br><br>Genealogies are lists that record a person’s ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. Most important people had records of their genealogies.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Play on words<br>The phrase “the law is good if one uses it lawfully” is a play on words. The words “law” and “lawfully” sound similar in the original language.<br>
1TI 1 1 u1g9 figs-inclusive 0 General Information: In this book, unless otherwise noted, the word “our” refers to Paul and Timothy (the one to whom this letter is written), as well as to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
1TI 1 1 i3zz Παῦλος, ἀπόστολος 1 Paul, an apostle “I, Paul, wrote this letter. I am an apostle.” Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Immediately after introducing the writer, you may want to indicate to whom the letter was written, as in the UST.
1TI 1 1 xl6d κατ’ ἐπιταγὴν Θεοῦ 1 according to the commandment of “by the command of” or “by the authority of”
1TI 1 1 wb8j Θεοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν 1 God our Savior “God who saves us”
1TI 1 1 sw77 figs-metonymy Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς ἐλπίδος ἡμῶν 1 Christ Jesus our hope Here “our confidence” refers to the person in whom we have confidence. Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, who is the one in whom we have confidence” or “Christ Jesus, whom we trust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 1 2 pyi6 figs-metaphor γνησίῳ τέκνῳ ἐν πίστει 1 true son in the faith Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and son. This shows Paul’s sincere love and approval of Timothy. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is truly like a son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 2 rd5v χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη 1 Grace, mercy, and peace “May grace, mercy, and peace be yours,” or “May you experience kindness, mercy, and peace”
1TI 1 2 p4lz guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 God the Father “God, who is our Father.” Here “Father” is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
1TI 1 2 zx37 Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 Christ Jesus our Lord “Christ Jesus, who is our Lord”
1TI 1 3 k35a figs-you 0 General Information: The word “you” in this letter is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1TI 1 3 l4br καθὼς παρεκάλεσά σε 1 As I urged you “As I pleaded with you” or “As I asked you very strongly”
1TI 1 3 amp4 προσμεῖναι ἐν Ἐφέσῳ 1 remain in Ephesus “wait for me there in the city of Ephesus”
1TI 1 3 v4g2 figs-explicit ἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖν 1 a different doctrine The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “a different doctrine from what we teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 1 4 ecf5 figs-ellipsis μηδὲ προσέχειν 1 Neither should they pay attention The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “And I also want you to command them not to pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 1 4 qpv9 figs-hyperbole γενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις 1 endless genealogies With the word “endless” Paul uses exaggeration to emphasize that the genealogies are very long. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1TI 1 4 ft33 γενεαλογίαις 1 genealogies the written or verbal record of a person’s parents and ancestors
1TI 1 4 qb9l αἵτινες ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσι 1 These cause arguments “These make people angrily disagree.” The people debated about stories and genealogies about which no one could know the truth for certain.
1TI 1 4 eu9f μᾶλλον ἢ οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ, τὴν ἐν πίστε 1 rather than helping the plan of God, which is by faith Possible meanings are (1) “rather than helping us to understand God’s plan to save us, which we learn by faith” or (2) “rather than helping us to do God’s work, which we do by faith.”
1TI 1 5 l7un παραγγελίας 1 the commandment Here this does not mean the Old Testament or the Ten Commandments but rather the instructions that Paul gives in [1 Timothy 1:3](../01/03.md) and [1 Timothy 1:4](../01/04.md).
1TI 1 5 mbe6 figs-metonymy ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας 1 from a pure heart Here “pure” means the person does not have hidden motives to do wrong. Here “heart” refers to a person’s mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: “from a mind that is honest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 1 5 ar8t συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς 1 good conscience “a conscience that chooses right instead wrong”
1TI 1 5 m53g πίστεως ἀνυποκρίτου 1 sincere faith “genuine faith” or “a faith without hypocrisy”
1TI 1 6 j4z3 figs-metaphor τινες ἀστοχήσαντες 1 Some people have missed the mark Paul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target at which to aim. Paul means that some people are not fulfilling the purpose of their faith, which is to love as he just explained in 1:5. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 6 se38 figs-idiom ὧν…ἐξετράπησαν 1 have turned away from these things Here “turned away” is an idiom that means they have stopped doing what God has commanded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 1 8 d6dz οἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι καλὸς ὁ νόμος 1 we know that the law is good “we understand that the law is useful” or “we understand that the law is beneficial”
1TI 1 8 r86g ἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται 1 if one uses it lawfully “if a person uses it correctly” or “if a person uses it the way God intended”
1TI 1 9 xs94 εἰδὼς τοῦτο 1 We know this “Because we realize this” or “We also know this”
1TI 1 9 fq4i figs-activepassive ὅτι δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται 1 that law is not made for a righteous man This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God did not make the law for the righteous man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 9 dl5l figs-gendernotations δικαίῳ 1 a righteous man Here “man” includes both male and female. Alternate translation: “a righteous person” or “a good person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 1 9 ci94 figs-activepassive κεῖται 1 It is made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God made the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 10 bzw4 ἀνδραποδισταῖς 1 those who kidnap people for slaves “those who kidnap people to sell as slaves” or “those who take people to sell as slaves”
1TI 1 10 gg42 εἴ τι ἕτερον τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ ἀντίκειται 1 for whatever else is against faithful instruction “for those who do anything else that is against true Christian teaching”
1TI 1 11 mg4t τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ 1 the glorious gospel of the blessed God “the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God” or “the gospel of the glorious and blessed God”
1TI 1 11 a58d figs-activepassive ὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγώ 1 with which I have been entrusted This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which God has given me and made me responsible for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 12 uu6n πιστόν με ἡγήσατο 1 he considered me faithful “he considered me trustworthy” or “he regarded me as reliable”
1TI 1 12 ff1n figs-metaphor θέμενος εἰς διακονίαν 1 he placed me into service Paul speaks of the task of serving God as if it were a place that one could be placed in. Alternate translation: “he assigned me to serve him” or “he appointed me as his servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 13 q75p ὄντα βλάσφημον 1 I was a blasphemer “I was a person who spoke evil against Christ.” Paul is referring to his character before he was a Christian.
1TI 1 13 gbd4 διώκτην 1 a persecutor “a person who persecuted those who believed in Christ”
1TI 1 13 k85c ὑβριστήν 1 violent man “a person was cruel towards other people.” This is a person who believes he has the right to hurt others.
1TI 1 13 rq2m ὅτι ἀγνοῶν, ἐποίησα ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ 1 But I received mercy because I acted ignorantly in unbelief “But because I did not believe in Jesus, and I did not know what I was doing, I received mercy from Jesus”
1TI 1 13 nv6k ἠλεήθην 1 I received mercy “Jesus showed me mercy” or “Jesus had mercy on me”
1TI 1 14 zp83 δὲ ἡ χάρις 1 But the grace “And the grace”
1TI 1 14 c1lg figs-metaphor ὑπερεπλεόνασεν…ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν 1 the grace of our Lord overflowed Paul speaks of God’s grace as if it were a liquid that could fill a container and spill out of the top when the container is full. Alternate translation: “God showed me much grace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 14 z5lv μετὰ πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης 1 with faith and love This is the result of God showing much grace to Paul. Alternate translation: “which caused me to trust in Jesus and love him”
1TI 1 14 d9m7 figs-metaphor τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 that is in Christ Jesus This speaks about Jesus as if he were a container that holds a liquid. Here “in Christ Jesus” refers to having a relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: “that Christ Jesus enables me to give to God because I am united to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 15 z48s πιστὸς ὁ λόγος 1 This message is reliable “This statement is true”
1TI 1 15 rh2r πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος 1 worthy of all acceptance “we should receive it without any doubt” or “deserves for us to accept it with full confidence”
1TI 1 16 z5kg figs-activepassive ἠλεήθην 1 I was given mercy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God showed me mercy” or “I obtained mercy from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 17 ts5z figs-abstractnouns τῷ δὲ Βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων, ἀφθάρτῳ, ἀοράτῳ, μόνῳ Θεῷ, τιμὴ καὶ δόξα, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων 1 Now to the king of the ages, the immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever The abstract nouns “honor” and “glory” can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: “Now may people forever honor and glorify the king of the ages, who is immortal, invisible, and the only God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 1 18 ijn8 figs-metaphor ταύτην τὴν παραγγελίαν παρατίθεμαί σοι 1 I am placing this command before you Paul speaks of his instructions as if he could physically put them in front of Timothy. Alternate translation: “I am entrusting you with this command” or “This is what I am commanding you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 18 b6uq figs-metaphor τέκνον 1 my child Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though Paul is the father and Timothy is the child. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is truly like my child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 18 y6jg figs-activepassive κατὰ τὰς προαγούσας ἐπὶ σὲ προφητείας 1 in accordance with the prophecies previously made about you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in agreement with what other believers prophesied about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 1 18 w2ex figs-metaphor στρατεύῃ…τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν 1 fight the good fight Paul speaks about Timothy working for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “continue to work hard for the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 19 ly6q ἀγαθὴν συνείδησιν 1 a good conscience “a conscience that chooses right instead wrong.” See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 1:5](../01/05.md).
1TI 1 19 h2wk figs-metaphor τινες…τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν 1 some have shipwrecked their faith Paul speaks of these people’s faith as if it were a ship that could be wrecked at sea. He means that they have ruined their faith and no longer believe in Jesus. You should use this or a similar metaphor if it will be understood in the project language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 20 pv7f translate-names Ὑμέναιος…Ἀλέξανδρος 1 Hymenaeus…Alexander These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1TI 1 20 ty7n figs-metaphor οὓς παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ 1 whom I gave over to Satan Paul speaks as if he physically handed these men to Satan. This probably means that Paul rejected them from the community of believers. Since they are no longer a part of the community, Satan can have power over them and harm them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 1 20 s76c figs-activepassive παιδευθῶσι 1 they may be taught This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God may teach them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 intro c6rf 0 # 1 Timothy 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Peace<br>Paul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way.<br><br>### Women in the church<br><br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings”<br>These terms overlap each other in what they mean. It is not necessary to view them as distinct categories.<br>
1TI 2 1 ql7a figs-activepassive παρακαλῶ…ποιεῖσθαι δεήσεις, προσευχάς, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίας 1 I urge that requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I urge all believers to make requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 1 iag7 παρακαλῶ 1 I urge “I plead” or “I ask”
1TI 2 2 g4va figs-doublet ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον 1 a peaceful and quiet life Here “peaceful” and “quiet” mean the same thing. Paul wants all believers to be able to live calm lives without trouble from the authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 2 2 pb58 ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ σεμνότητι 1 in all godliness and dignity “that honors God and that other people will respect”
1TI 2 4 i3ze figs-activepassive ὃς πάντας ἀνθρώπους θέλει σωθῆναι, καὶ εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν 1 He desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God desires to save all people and for them to come to the knowledge of the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 4 n26m figs-metaphor εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν 1 to come to the knowledge of the truth Paul speaks of learning the truth about God as if it were a place to which people could be brought. Alternate translation: “to know and accept what is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 2 5 t666 εἷς…μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων 1 one mediator for God and man A mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement between two parties who disagree with each other. Here Jesus helps sinners enter into a peaceful relationship with God.
1TI 2 6 u8r1 δοὺς ἑαυτὸν 1 gave himself “died willingly”
1TI 2 6 vz12 ἀντίλυτρον 1 as a ransom “as a price of freedom” or “as a payment to obtain freedom”
1TI 2 6 fm1c figs-explicit τὸ μαρτύριον καιροῖς ἰδίοις 1 as the testimony at the right time It can be made explicit that this was the testimony that God wants to save all people. Alternate translation: “as the proof at the right time that God wants to save all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 2 7 qxv9 εἰς ὃ 1 For this purpose “For this” or “For this reason”
1TI 2 7 iz4y figs-activepassive ἐτέθην ἐγὼ κῆρυξ καὶ ἀπόστολος 1 I myself, was made a herald and an apostle This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Christ made me, Paul, a preacher and an apostle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 7 h18q figs-hendiadys διδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ 1 I am a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth “I teach the Gentiles the message of faith and truth.” Here, Paul may be using “faith” and truth” to express one idea. Alternate translation: “I teach the Gentiles about the true faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 2 8 yzg3 figs-metonymy βούλομαι…προσεύχεσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ, ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας 1 I want men in every place to pray and to lift up holy hands Here “holy hands” means the entire person is holy. Alternate translation: “I want men in every place who are holy to lift up their hands and pray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 2 8 a841 τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ 1 men in every place “the males in all places” or “the males everywhere.” Here the word “men” refers specifically to males.
1TI 2 9 au5c figs-doublet μετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ σωφροσύνης 1 with modesty and self-control Both of these words mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that women should wear clothes that are appropriate and do not attract improper attention from men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 2 9 sw21 figs-metonymy μὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν 1 They should not have braided hair During Paul’s time, many Roman women braided their hair to make themselves attractive. Braiding is only one way a woman can give undue attention to her hair. If braided hair is unknown, it can be stated in a more general way. Alternate translation: “They should not have fancy hairstyles” or “They should not have elaborate hairstyle that attract attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 2 9 rf5v translate-unknown μαργαρίταις 1 pearls These are beautiful and valuable white balls that people use as jewelry. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1TI 2 10 g35m ἐπαγγελλομέναις θεοσέβειαν, δι’ ἔργων ἀγαθῶν 1 who profess godliness through good works “who want to honor God by the good things they do”
1TI 2 13 iv31 figs-activepassive Ἀδὰμ…πρῶτος ἐπλάσθη 1 Adam was formed first This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Adam is the one God formed first” or “God created Adam first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 13 v7v6 figs-ellipsis εἶτα Εὕα 1 then Eve The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “and then God formed Eve” or “then God created Eve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 2 14 wq5k figs-activepassive Ἀδὰμ οὐκ ἠπατήθη 1 Adam was not deceived This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And Adam was not the one whom the serpent deceived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 14 n6td figs-activepassive ἡ δὲ γυνὴ ἐξαπατηθεῖσα, ἐν παραβάσει γέγονεν 1 but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but it was the woman who disobeyed God when the serpent deceived her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 15 u8iv σωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 she will be saved through bearing children Here “she” refers to women in general. Possible meanings are (1) God will keep women physically safe as they give birth to children, or (2) God will save women from their sins through their role as child bearers.
1TI 2 15 n818 figs-activepassive σωθήσεται 1 she will be saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will save her” or “God will save women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 2 15 gh3c ἐὰν μείνωσιν 1 if they continue “if they remain” or “if they continue living.” Here “they” refers to women.
1TI 2 15 sl57 figs-abstractnouns ἐν πίστει, καὶ ἀγάπῃ, καὶ ἁγιασμῷ 1 in faith and love and sanctification The abstract nouns here can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “in trusting Jesus and loving others and living a holy life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 2 15 dcf3 figs-idiom μετὰ σωφροσύνης 1 with soundness of mind Possible meanings for this idiom are (1) “with good judgment,” (2) “with modesty,” or (3) “with self-control.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1TI 2 15 zr4b figs-abstractnouns σωφροσύνης 1 soundness of mind If the idiom is retained in translation, the abstract noun “soundness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “a sound mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 3 intro d9db 0 # 1 Timothy 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>[1 Timothy 3:16](./16.md) was probably a song, poem, or creed the early church used to list important doctrines that believers all shared.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Overseers and deacons<br>The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include elder, pastor, and bishop. The word “overseer” reflects the meaning of the original language in verses 1-2. Paul writes about “deacons” in verses 8 and 12 as another kind of church leader.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Character qualities<br>This chapter lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an overseer or deacon in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br>
1TI 3 2 dff6 μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα 1 husband of one wife An overseer must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married.
1TI 3 2 qnq9 δεῖ…εἶναι…νηφάλιον, σώφρονα, κόσμιον, φιλόξενον 1 He must be moderate, sensible, orderly, and hospitable “He must not do anything to excess, must be reasonable and behave well, and must be friendly to strangers”
1TI 3 3 c2c7 μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, ἀλλὰ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον 1 He must not be addicted to wine, not a brawler, but instead, gentle, peaceful “He must neither drink too much alcohol nor like to fight and argue, but instead he must be gentle and peaceful”
1TI 3 3 pc2g ἀφιλάργυρον 1 a lover of money “greedy for money”
1TI 3 4 a8gu προϊστάμενον 1 He should manage “He should lead” or “He should take care of”
1TI 3 4 w3un μετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος 1 with all respect Possible meanings are (1) the overseer’s children should obey and show respect to their father or (2) the overseer’s children should show respect to everyone or (3) the overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them.
1TI 3 5 n5lt figs-rquestion πῶς ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ ἐπιμελήσεται? 1 how will he care for a church of God? Paul uses a question to teach Timothy. Alternate translation: “he cannot take care of a church of God.” or “he will not be able to lead a church of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1TI 3 5 c814 figs-metonymy ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ 1 a church of God Here “church” refers to a local group of God’s people. Alternate translation: “a group of God’s people” or “the believers over whom he is in charge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 3 6 q7hu μὴ νεόφυτον 1 He should not be a new convert “He should not be a new believer” or “He must be a mature believer”
1TI 3 6 v6f5 figs-metaphor εἰς κρίμα ἐμπέσῃ τοῦ διαβόλου 1 fall into condemnation as the devil Paul speaks of the experience of being condemned for having done wrong as if it were a hole that a person could fall into. Alternate translation: “have God condemn him as he condemned the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 7 si1d figs-metaphor τῶν ἔξωθεν 1 those outside “those outside of the church.” Paul speaks of the church as though it were a place, and of unbelievers as though they were physically outside of it. Alternate translation: “those who are not Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 7 qsa6 figs-metaphor μὴ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν ἐμπέσῃ, καὶ παγίδα τοῦ διαβόλου 1 he does not fall into disgrace and the trap of the devil Paul speaks of disgrace and the devil causing someone to sin as if they were a hole or a trap into which a person falls. Here “fall into” means to experience. Alternate translation: “nothing causes him shame before the unbelievers and so that the devil does not cause him to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 8 sxq4 figs-metaphor σεμνούς, μὴ διλόγους 1 should be dignified, not double-talkers Paul speaks about these people as if they were “double-talkers” or could say two things at once. He means the person says one thing but mean something else. Alternate translation: “should act properly and mean what they say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 9 c44a figs-metaphor ἔχοντας τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως 1 They should keep the revealed truth of the faith “They must continue to believe the true message God revealed to us and that we believe.” This refers to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was showing to them at that moment. Paul speaks of true teaching about God as if it were an object that a person could keep with himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 9 jda1 figs-activepassive τὸ μυστήριον 1 the revealed truth This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the truth that God revealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 9 y91f figs-metaphor πίστεως ἐν καθαρᾷ συνειδήσει 1 faith with a clean conscience Paul speaks of a person’s knowledge that he has done no wrong as if that knowledge or conscience were clean. Alternate translation: “faith, knowing they have tried their hardest to do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 10 hl1p figs-activepassive οὗτοι…δοκιμαζέσθωσαν πρῶτον 1 They should also be approved first This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Other believers should approve of them first” or “They should prove themselves first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 10 m5ar δοκιμαζέσθωσαν 1 be approved This means other believers should evaluate those who want to be a deacon and determine if they are fit to serve in the church.
1TI 3 11 xyc9 γυναῖκας ὡσαύτως 1 Women in the same way Possible meanings are (1) “women” refers to the wives of deacons or (2) “women” refers to female deacons.
1TI 3 12 wji2 μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρες 1 husbands of one wife A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed, divorced, or never married. See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 3:2](../03/02.md).
1TI 3 12 dv31 τέκνων καλῶς προϊστάμενοι καὶ τῶν ἰδίων οἴκω 1 manage well their children and household “properly take care of and lead their children and others who live in their homes”
1TI 3 13 rfq2 οἱ γὰρ 1 For those “For those deacons” or “For these church leaders”
1TI 3 13 s9si ἑαυτοῖς…περιποιοῦνται 1 acquire for themselves “receive for themselves” or “gain for themselves”
1TI 3 13 cv34 figs-explicit βαθμὸν…καλὸν 1 a good standing The implied meaning may be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “a good reputation among other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 3 13 m684 πολλὴν παρρησίαν ἐν πίστει τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 great confidence in the faith that is in Christ Jesus Possible meanings are (1) they will trust in Jesus with even more confidence or (2) they will speak confidently to other people about their faith in Jesus.
1TI 3 15 p9u4 figs-metaphor ἵνα εἰδῇς πῶς δεῖ ἐν οἴκῳ Θεοῦ ἀναστρέφεσθαι 1 so that you may know how to behave in the household of God Paul speaks of the group of believers as if they were a family. Possible meanings are (1) Paul is referring only to Timothy’s behavior in the church. Alternate translation: “so that you may know how to conduct yourself as a member of God’s family” or (2) Paul is referring to the believers’ in general. Alternate translation: “so that you all may know how to conduct yourselves as members of God’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 15 wzk3 figs-distinguish οἴκῳ Θεοῦ…ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 household of God, which is the church of the living God This phrase gives us information about “the household of God” rather than making a distinction between a household of God which is the church and one that is not the church. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “house hold of God. Those who belong to the family of God are the community of believers in the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
1TI 3 15 cd5r figs-metaphor ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία Θεοῦ ζῶντος, στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας 1 which is the church of the living God, the pillar and support of the truth Paul speaks of the believers bearing witness to the truth about Christ as if they were a pillar and a base supporting a building. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “which is the church of the living God. And, by keeping and teaching God’s truth, these members of the church support the truth just as a pillar and base support a building” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 3 16 y8sp writing-poetry ὃς ἐφανερώθη…ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ 1 He appeared…up in glory This is most likely a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
1TI 3 16 m4xi ὃς ἐφανερώθη 1 He appeared Here “He” is ambiguous. It could refers to “God” or to “Christ.” It may be best to translate this as “He.” If you must be more specific you could translate it as “Christ who is God” or “Christ.”
1TI 3 16 rqp6 figs-metonymy ἐν σαρκί 1 in the flesh Paul uses “flesh” here to mean a human being. Alternate translation: “as a true human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 3 16 gm36 figs-activepassive ἐδικαιώθη ἐν Πνεύματι 1 was vindicated by the Spirit This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit confirmed that he was who he said he was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 16 fn1k figs-activepassive ὤφθη ἀγγέλοις 1 was seen by angels This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the angels saw him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 16 c3wx figs-activepassive ἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν 1 was proclaimed among nations This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people in many nations told others about him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 16 h9mb figs-activepassive ἐπιστεύθη ἐν κόσμῳ 1 was believed on in the world This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people in many parts of the world believed in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 3 16 jz11 figs-activepassive ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ 1 was taken up in glory This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God the Father took him up to heaven in glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 intro b39h 0 # 1 Timothy 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>[1 Timothy 4:1](../04/01.md) is a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Later times<br>This is another way of referring to the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])<br>
1TI 4 1 b739 ἐν ὑστέροις καιροῖς 1 in later times Possible meanings are (1) this refers to a time after Paul dies or (2) this is at a latter time in Paul’s own life.
1TI 4 1 b931 figs-metaphor ἀποστήσονταί…τῆς πίστεως 1 leave the faith Paul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leaving a place or an object. Alternate translation: “stop trusting in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 1 q13m προσέχοντες 1 and pay attention “and give attention” or “because they are paying attention”
1TI 4 1 ae5w πνεύμασι πλάνοις καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμονίων 1 deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons “spirits who trick people and the things that demons teach”
1TI 4 2 pw29 ἐν ὑποκρίσει ψευδολόγων 1 in lying hypocrisy This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “These people will be hypocrites and speak lies”
1TI 4 2 u2f4 figs-metaphor κεκαυστηριασμένων τὴν ἰδίαν συνείδησιν 1 Their own consciences will be branded Possible meanings are (1) Paul is speaking of people who can no longer tell that they are doing wrong as if their minds are ruined like skin that someone has burned with a hot iron or (2) Paul is speaking of these people as if Satan had put a mark on these people with a hot iron to indicate that they belong to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 3 k4db κωλυόντων 1 They will “These people will”
1TI 4 3 wd2l figs-explicit κωλυόντων γαμεῖν 1 forbid to marry It is implied that they will forbid believers to marry. Alternate translation: “forbid believers to marry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 3 m1d6 figs-explicit ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων 1 to receive foods It is implied that they will forbid only certain foods. Alternate translation: “they will require believers to abstain from certain foods” or “they will not allow people to eat certain foods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 4 dv4s figs-activepassive πᾶν κτίσμα Θεοῦ καλόν 1 everything created by God is good This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that God has created is good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 4 a15j figs-activepassive οὐδὲν ἀπόβλητον μετὰ εὐχαριστίας λαμβανόμενον 1 Nothing that we take with thanksgiving is to be rejected This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We should not refuse anything for which we give thanks to God” or “Everything that we eat with thanksgiving is acceptable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 5 y2lc figs-hendiadys ἁγιάζεται…διὰ λόγου Θεοῦ καὶ ἐντεύξεως 1 it is sanctified by the word of God and prayer Here “word of God” and “prayer” are used together to express one idea. The prayer is in agreement with the truth that God has revealed. Alternate translation: “it is dedicated for God’s use by praying in agreement with his word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1TI 4 5 m5mb figs-activepassive ἁγιάζεται 1 it is sanctified This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we sanctify it” or “we have set it apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 5 fhd6 figs-metonymy λόγου Θεοῦ 1 word of God Here “word” refers to God’s message or what he has revealed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 4 6 ks5x figs-metaphor ταῦτα ὑποτιθέμενος τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 If you place these things before the brothers Paul speaks of his instructions as if they were objects that could be physically presented to the believers. Here, to place before means to instruct or to remind. Alternate translation: “If you help the believers remember these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 6 hfx3 ταῦτα 1 these things This refers to the teaching that started in [1 Timothy 3:16](../03/16.md).
1TI 4 6 h6qr figs-gendernotations τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς 1 the brothers This refers to all believers whether male or female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1TI 4 6 f8vs figs-metaphor ἐντρεφόμενος τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας ᾗ παρηκολούθηκας 1 you are being nourished by the words of faith and by the good teaching that you have followed Paul speaks of God’s word and its teaching as if it could physically feed Timothy and make him strong. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the words of faith and the good teaching that you have followed are causing you to trust more strongly in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 6 ny78 λόγοις τῆς πίστεως 1 words of faith “words that cause people to believe”
1TI 4 7 th4i βεβήλους καὶ γραώδεις μύθους 1 worldly stories loved by old women “profane stories and old wives’ tales.” The word for “stories” is the same as for “myths” in [1 Timothy 1:4](../01/04.md), so you should translate it the same here.
1TI 4 7 elk7 figs-metaphor καὶ γραώδεις 1 loved by old women This is probably an expression that means “silly” or “absurd.” Paul is not purposely insulting women in his reference to “old women.” Instead, he and his audience knew that men die younger than women, so there are more women than men whose minds have become feeble due to old age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 7 sea5 γύμναζε…σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν 1 train yourself in godliness “train yourself to honor God” or “train yourself to act in ways that please God”
1TI 4 8 df19 ἐπαγγελίαν ἔχουσα ζωῆς 1 holds promise for this life “is beneficial to this life”
1TI 4 9 hc1t πάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος 1 worthy of full acceptance “worthy of your complete belief” or “worthy of your full trust”
1TI 4 10 l2yl εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ 1 For it is for this “This is the reason”
1TI 4 10 c9db figs-doublet κοπιῶμεν καὶ ἀγωνιζόμεθα 1 struggle and work very hard The words “struggle” and “work very hard” mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize the intensity with which they serve God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 10 qmj6 ἠλπίκαμεν ἐπὶ Θεῷ ζῶντι 1 we have hope in the living God Here “living God” probably means, “God, who makes all things live.”
1TI 4 10 dsz3 figs-ellipsis μάλιστα πιστῶν 1 but especially of believers The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “but he is especially the Savior of those people who believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 4 11 lg9h παράγγελλε ταῦτα καὶ δίδασκε 1 Proclaim and teach these things “Command and teach these things” or “Command and teach these things I just mentioned”
1TI 4 12 qi8l μηδείς σου τῆς νεότητος καταφρονείτω 1 Let no one despise your youth “Do not let anyone consider you less important because you are young”
1TI 4 13 kky7 figs-abstractnouns πρόσεχε τῇ ἀναγνώσει, τῇ παρακλήσει, τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 attend to the reading, to the exhortation, and to the teaching The words “reading,” “exhortation,” and “teaching” can be translated with verbal phrases. The implied information can also be supplied in translation Alternate translation: “continue reading the scripture to the people, exhorting the people, and teaching the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 4 14 t221 figs-metaphor μὴ ἀμέλει τοῦ ἐν σοὶ χαρίσματος 1 Do not neglect the gift that is in you Paul speaks of Timothy as if he were a container that could hold God’s gifts. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Do not neglect your spiritual gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 14 hdd9 figs-activepassive μὴ ἀμέλει 1 Do not neglect This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Be sure to use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 14 xp1k figs-activepassive ὃ ἐδόθη σοι διὰ προφητείας 1 which was given to you through prophecy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you received when leaders of the church spoke God’s word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 4 14 rr8f ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου 1 laying on of the hands of the elders This was a ceremony in which the church leaders put their hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do.
1TI 4 15 m65m figs-metaphor αῦτα μελέτα, ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι 1 Care for these things. Be in them Paul speaks of God’s gifts to Timothy as if he could physically be in them. Alternate translation: “Do all these things and live according to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 15 j8zi figs-metaphor ἵνα σου ἡ προκοπὴ φανερὰ ᾖ πᾶσιν 1 so that your progress may be evident to all people Paul speaks of Timothy’s increasing ability to serve God as if it were a physical object that others could look at. Alternate translation: “so other people will know that you are serving God better and better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 4 16 uq6c ἔπεχε σεαυτῷ καὶ τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 Give careful attention to yourself and to the teaching “Conduct yourself carefully and give attention to the teaching” or “Control your own behavior and give attention to the teaching”
1TI 4 16 zxe7 ἐπίμενε αὐτοῖς 1 Continue in these things “Continue to do these things”
1TI 4 16 u7ez καὶ σεαυτὸν σώσεις καὶ τοὺς ἀκούοντάς σου 1 you will save yourself and those who listen to you Possible meanings are (1) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from God’s judgment or (2) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from the influence of false teachers.
1TI 5 intro jx4e 0 # 1 Timothy 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Honor and respect<br>Paul encourages younger Christians to honor and respect older Christians. Cultures honor and respect older people in different ways.<br><br>### Widows<br>In the ancient Near East, it was important to care for widows, because they could not provide for themselves.<br>
1TI 5 1 wt5y figs-you 0 General Information: Paul was giving these commands to one person, Timothy. Languages that have different forms of “you” or different forms for commands would use the singular form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1TI 5 1 enp9 figs-simile ὡς πατέρα…ὡς ἀδελφούς 1 as if he were a father…as brothers Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1TI 5 2 t1pv figs-simile ὡς μητέρας…ὡς ἀδελφὰς 1 as mothers…as sisters Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1TI 5 2 wmi6 figs-ellipsis νεωτέρας 1 younger women You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “exhort younger women” or “encourage younger women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1TI 5 2 ivl7 ἐν πάσῃ ἁγνίᾳ 1 in all purity “with pure thoughts and actions” or “in a holy way”
1TI 5 3 smp5 χήρας τίμα 1 Honor widows “Respect and provide for widows”
1TI 5 3 qc6s τὰς ὄντως χήρας 1 the real widows “widows with no one to provide for them”
1TI 5 4 w38h μανθανέτωσαν πρῶτον 1 let them first learn “first of all they should learn” or “let them make it a priority to learn”
1TI 5 4 g5mu τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον 1 in their own household “to their own family” or “to those living in their homes”
1TI 5 4 q5c8 ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις 1 Let them repay their parents “Let them do good to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them”
1TI 5 5 xp1u ἡ δὲ ὄντως χήρα καὶ μεμονωμένη 1 But a real widow is left all alone “But one who is truly a widow has no family”
1TI 5 5 u1lj προσμένει ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς 1 She always remains with requests and prayers “She continues to make requests and prayers”
1TI 5 5 rwp4 figs-doublet ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς 1 requests and prayers These two words mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how much these widows pray. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 5 5 rb9f figs-merism νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας 1 both night and day The words “night” and “day” are used together to mean “at all times.” Alternate translation: “all the time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
1TI 5 6 qy5h figs-metaphor τέθνηκεν 1 is dead Paul speaks about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alternate translation: “is like a dead person, she does not respond to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 7 a13p ἵνα ἀνεπίλημπτοι ὦσιν 1 so that they may be blameless “so that no one can find fault with them.” Possible meanings of “they” are (1) “these widows and their families” or (2) “the believers.” It might be best to leave the subject as “they.”
1TI 5 8 p7h2 τις τῶν ἰδίων καὶ μάλιστα οἰκείων οὐ προνοεῖ 1 does not provide for his own relatives, especially for those of his own household “does not help with his relatives’ needs, especially for those family members living in his home”
1TI 5 8 y645 τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται 1 he has denied the faith “he has acted contrary to the truth we believe”
1TI 5 8 evm7 ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων 1 is worse than an unbeliever “is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus.” Paul means this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their relatives. Therefore, a believer should certainly take care of his relatives.
1TI 5 9 s8ql χήρα καταλεγέσθω 1 be enrolled as a widow There seems to have been a list, written or not, of widows. The church members met these women’s needs for shelter, clothing, and food, and these women were expected to devote their lives to serving the Christian community.
1TI 5 9 i27x translate-numbers μὴ ἔλαττον ἐτῶν ἑξήκοντα 1 who is not younger than sixty As Paul will explain in 5:11-16, widows who were younger than 60 years old might get married again. Therefore the Christian community was to care only for widows who were older than 60. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1TI 5 9 q9dj γεγονυῖα, ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή 1 a wife of one husband Possible meanings are (1) she was always faithful to her husband or (2) she had not divorced her husband then married another man.
1TI 5 10 l8nm figs-activepassive ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς μαρτυρουμένη 1 She must be known for good deeds This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People must be able to attest to her good deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 5 10 mik7 ἐξενοδόχησεν 1 has been hospitable to strangers “has welcomed strangers into her home”
1TI 5 10 ygl3 figs-metonymy ἁγίων πόδας ἔνιψεν 1 has washed the feet of the saints Washing the dirty feet of people who have been walking in the dirt and mud is one way of meeting other people’s needs and making life more enjoyable for them. This probably means she did humble work in general. Alternate translation: “has done common work to help other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 5 10 bw4h ἁγίων 1 saints Some versions translate this word as “the believers” or “God’s holy people.” The essential idea is to refer to Christian believers.
1TI 5 10 ey6i figs-nominaladj θλιβομένοις ἐπήρκεσεν 1 has relieved the afflicted Here “the afflicted” is a nominal adjective that can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “has helped those who are suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 5 10 h96j παντὶ ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ ἐπηκολούθησεν 1 has been devoted to every good work “has given herself to doing all kinds of good deeds”
1TI 5 11 rv5h νεωτέρας δὲ χήρας παραιτοῦ 1 But as for younger widows, refuse to enroll them in the list “But do not include younger widows in the list.” The list was of widows aged 60 years and older whom the Christian community would help.
1TI 5 11 vqq9 ὅταν γὰρ καταστρηνιάσωσιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, γαμεῖν θέλουσιν 1 For when they give in to bodily desires against Christ, they want to marry “For when they prefer to fulfill their sensual desires and get married, they go against their promise to serve Christ as widows”
1TI 5 12 nha7 τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν 1 revoke their first commitment “do not keep their prior commitment” or “do not do what they promised before to do”
1TI 5 12 k9nz πίστιν 1 commitment The commitment of the widows was their agreement to serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives if the community would supply the widows’ needs.
1TI 5 13 t4iv ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν 1 learn to be lazy “get into the habit of doing nothing”
1TI 5 13 nll4 φλύαροι καὶ περίεργοι, λαλοῦσαι τὰ μὴ δέοντα 1 talk nonsense and are busybodies, saying things they should not say These three phrases are probably three ways of speaking of the same activity. These people should not be looking into other people’s private lives and telling about them to others who are no better off after hearing.
1TI 5 14 u94k τῷ ἀντικειμένῳ 1 the enemy Possible meanings are (1) this refers to Satan or (2) this refers to unbelievers who are hostile to Christians.
1TI 5 14 a1w5 figs-inclusive λοιδορίας χάριν 1 to slander us Here “us” refers to the entire Christian community, including Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
1TI 5 15 fy54 figs-metaphor ἐξετράπησαν ὀπίσω τοῦ Σατανᾶ 1 turned aside after Satan Paul speaks of living in faithfulness to Christ as if it were a path to be followed. This means the woman stopped obeying Jesus and started obeying Satan. Alternate translation: “left the path of Christ to follow Satan” or “decided to obey Satan instead of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 16 g8k5 τις πιστὴ 1 any believing woman “any Christian woman” or “any woman who believes in Christ”
1TI 5 16 mf4s ἔχει χήρας 1 has widows “has widows among her relatives”
1TI 5 16 y6hf figs-metaphor καὶ μὴ βαρείσθω ἡ ἐκκλησία 1 so that the church will not be weighed down Paul speaks of the community having to help more people than they are able as if they were carrying too much weight on their backs. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the church will not have more work to do than they can” or “so that the Christian community will not have to help widows whose families could provide for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 5 16 d35m ὄντως χήραις 1 real widows “those women who have no one to provide for them”
1TI 5 17 u93q figs-activepassive οἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι…ἀξιούσθωσαν 1 Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All believers should think of the elders who are good leaders as worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 5 17 r8ew figs-metaphor οἱ κοπιῶντες ἐν λόγῳ καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ 1 those who work with the word and in teaching Paul speaks about the word as if it is an object that a person can work with. Alternate translation: “those who preach and teach God’s word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 18 kh55 figs-personification λέγει γὰρ ἡ Γραφή 1 For the scripture says This is personification that means that this is what someone has written in the scriptures. Alternate translation: “For we read in the scriptures that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 18 vw3a figs-metaphor βοῦν ἀλοῶντα οὐ φιμώσεις 1 You shall not put a muzzle on an ox while it treads the grain Paul is using this quotation as a metaphor meaning that church leaders deserve to receive payment from the Christian community for their work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 18 g985 translate-unknown φιμώσεις 1 muzzle a sleeve that goes over an animal’s snout and mouth to prevent it from eating while it is doing work (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1TI 5 18 t6kp ἀλοῶντα 1 treads the grain And ox “treads the grain” when it walks on or pulls a heavy object over the cut grain to separate the grain from the stalks. The ox was allowed to eat some of the grain as they worked.
1TI 5 18 kys1 ἄξιος 1 is worthy of “deserves”
1TI 5 19 af68 figs-metaphor κατηγορίαν μὴ παραδέχου 1 Do not receive an accusation Paul speaks of accusations as if they were objects that could be physically accepted by people. Alternate translation: “Do not accept as true any accusation that someone speaks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 19 kmy5 δύο ἢ τριῶν 1 two or three “at least two” or “two or more”
1TI 5 20 m4uh τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας 1 sinners This refers to anyone doing anything that disobeys or displeases God, even things that other people do not know about.
1TI 5 21 f2q7 figs-doublet ταῦτα φυλάξῃς χωρὶς προκρίματος, μηδὲν ποιῶν κατὰ πρόσκλισιν 1 to keep these commands without partiality, and to do nothing out of favoritism The words “partiality” and “favoritism” mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that Timothy must judge honestly and be fair to everyone. Alternate translation: “to keep these rules without being partial or showing favor to anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1TI 5 21 dph6 ταῦτα 1 these commands Possible meanings are (1) this refers to the rules Paul just told Timothy or (2) this refers to the rules Paul is about to tell Timothy.
1TI 5 22 qb71 χεῖρας…ἐπιτίθει 1 Place hands The placing of hands was a ceremony in which one or more church leaders would place their hands on people and pray that God would enable those people to serve the church in a way that would please God. Timothy was to wait until the person had shown good character for a long time before officially setting that person apart to serve the Christian community.
1TI 5 22 pyl8 figs-metaphor μηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις 1 Do not share in the sins of another person Paul speaks of someone’s sin as if it were an object that could be shared with others. Alternate translation: “do not join in another person’s sin” or “do not participate when another person sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 22 lt3y μηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις 1 Do not share in the sins of another person Possible meanings are (1) if Timothy chose someone who was guilty of sin to be a church worker, God would hold Timothy responsible for that person’s sin or (2) Timothy should not commit sins he saw others committing.
1TI 5 23 xl32 figs-explicit μηκέτι ὑδροπότει 1 You should no longer drink water It is implied that Paul means Timothy should not drink only water. He is telling Timothy to use wine as medicine. The water in that area often caused sickness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 5 24 uk56 figs-activepassive τινῶν ἀνθρώπων αἱ ἁμαρτίαι πρόδηλοί εἰσιν 1 The sins of some people are openly known This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The sins of some people are very obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 5 24 ug1z figs-personification προάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν 1 they go before them into judgment “their sins go before those people into judgment.” Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are (1) Their sins are so obvious that everyone will know they are guilty even before anyone testifies against them or (2) Their sins are evident, and God judges them now. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1TI 5 24 i1c6 figs-metaphor τισὶν δὲ καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσιν 1 But some sins follow later “But some sins follow people later.” Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are (1) Timothy and the Christian community will not know about certain sins until later or (2) God will not judge some sins until the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 5 25 pd8v τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ πρόδηλα 1 some good works are openly known “some good works are obvious”
1TI 5 25 qlu5 τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ 1 good works The works are considered “good” because they fit with God’s character, purposes, and will.
1TI 5 25 bl51 figs-metaphor καὶ τὰ ἄλλως ἔχοντα, κρυβῆναι οὐ δύναταί 1 but even the others cannot be hidden Paul speaks of sins as if they were objects that someone could hide. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but people will later find out about even the good deeds that are not obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 intro rks4 0 # 1 Timothy 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Slavery<br><br>Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches about honoring, respecting, and diligently serving masters. Paul teaches all believers to be godly and content in every situation.<br>
1TI 6 1 zg9b 0 Connecting Statement: Paul gives some specific instructions to slaves and masters and then continues with instructions on living in a godly way.
1TI 6 1 nm4n figs-metaphor ὅσοι εἰσὶν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν δοῦλοι 1 Let all who are under the yoke as slaves Paul speaks of people working as slaves as if they are oxen carrying a yoke. Alternate translation: “Let all who are working as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 1 ep1l figs-explicit ὅσοι εἰσὶν 1 Let all who are It is implied that Paul is speaking about believers. Alternate translation: “Let all who are believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 1 he2n figs-activepassive μὴ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία βλασφημῆται 1 the name of God and the teaching might not be blasphemed This can be stated in active and positive form. Alternate translation: “the unbelievers might always speak respectfully about the name of God and the teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1TI 6 1 xb92 figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the name of God Here “name” refers to God’s nature or character. Alternate translation: “the character of God” or “God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 6 1 f5pc ἡ διδασκαλία 1 the teaching “the faith” or “the gospel”
1TI 6 2 fvv7 ἀδελφοί εἰσιν 1 they are brothers Here “brothers” means “fellow believers.”
1TI 6 2 hn12 figs-activepassive οἱ τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἀντιλαμβανόμενοι 1 For the masters who are helped by their work This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For the masters whom the slaves help with their work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 2 nmh9 figs-activepassive καὶ ἀγαπητοὶ 1 and are loved This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) “and the slaves should love them” or (2) “whom God loves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 4 pn8n figs-genericnoun τετύφωται…νοσῶν 1 he is proud…He has an unhealthy interest Here “he” refers to anyone in general that teaches what is not correct. To make this clear, you can translate “he” as “they” as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
1TI 6 4 qu86 figs-metaphor νοσῶν περὶ ζητήσεις καὶ λογομαχίας 1 He has an unhealthy interest in controversies and arguments Paul speaks of people who feel compelled to engage in useless arguments as if they were ill. Such people greatly desire to argue, and they do not really want to find a way to agree. Alternate translation: “all he wants to do is argue” or “he craves arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 4 i3lk ζητήσεις καὶ λογομαχίας, ἐξ ὧν γίνεται φθόνος 1 controversies and arguments about words that result in envy “controversies and arguments about words, and these controversies and arguments result in envy”
1TI 6 4 xt1z λογομαχίας 1 about words “about the meaning of words”
1TI 6 5 tyf7 figs-metaphor ἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας 1 They have lost the truth Here the word “They” refers to anyone who teaches anything that does not agree with the teaching of Jesus. The phrase “have lost the truth” represents ignoring it or forgetting it. Alternate translation: “They have ignored the truth” or “They have forgotten the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 6 q5sq δὲ 1 Now This marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul begins to contrast the kind of riches the wicked people seek through godliness ([1 Timothy 6:5](../06/05.md)) and the true kind of gain people receive through godliness. Alternate translation: “Of course”
1TI 6 6 ya9z figs-abstractnouns ἔστιν…πορισμὸς μέγας ἡ εὐσέβεια μετὰ αὐταρκείας 1 godliness with contentment is great gain The words “godliness” and “contentment” are abstract nouns. Alternate translation: “it is great gain for a person to do what is godly and to be content with what they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1TI 6 6 wzj1 ἔστιν…πορισμὸς μέγας 1 is great gain “provides great benefits” or “does many good things for us”
1TI 6 9 ij4j δὲ 1 Now This word marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul returns to the topic about those who think being godly will make them wealthy ([1 Timothy 6:5](../06/05.md)).
1TI 6 9 pl5d figs-metaphor πλουτεῖν, ἐμπίπτουσιν εἰς πειρασμὸν, καὶ παγίδα 1 to become wealthy fall into temptation, into a trap Paul speaks about those who let the temptation of money cause them to sin as if they are animals that have fallen into a hole that a hunter has used as a trap. Alternate translation: “to become wealthy will encounter more temptation than they can resist, and they will be like an animal in a trap (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 gfy7 figs-metaphor οἱ…ἐμπίπτουσιν…ἐπιθυμίας πολλὰς ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς 1 They fall into many foolish and harmful passions This continues the trap metaphor. This means that their foolish and harmful passions will overcome them. Alternate translation: “And as an animal falls into a hunter’s trap, they will fall into many foolish and harmful passions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 9 nc3i figs-metaphor αἵτινες βυθίζουσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰς ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀπώλειαν 1 into whatever else makes people sink into ruin and destruction Paul speaks about those that let sin destroy them as if they are a boat that sinks under the water. Alternate translation: “into other kinds of evil that ruin and destroy people as if they were a boat sinking under the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 10 xs9d figs-metaphor ῥίζα γὰρ πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἐστιν ἡ φιλαργυρία 1 For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil Paul speaks of the cause of evil as if it were a plant root. Alternate translation: “This happens because loving money is a cause of all kinds of evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 10 j5z9 ὀρεγόμενοι 1 who desire it “who desire money”
1TI 6 10 b83v figs-metaphor ἀπεπλανήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως 1 have been misled away from the faith Paul speaks of wrong desires as if they were evil guides who intentionally guide people down the wrong path. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “have let their desires lead them away from the truth” or “have stopped believing the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 10 a1fx figs-metaphor ἑαυτοὺς περιέπειραν ὀδύναις πολλαῖς 1 have pierced themselves with much grief Paul speaks about grief as if it were a sword that a person uses to stab themselves. Alternate translation: “have caused themselves to be very sorrowful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 11 m5gz figs-you σὺ δέ 1 But you Here “you” is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1TI 6 11 tp97 ὦ ἄνθρωπε Θεοῦ 1 man of God “servant of God” or “person who belongs to God”
1TI 6 11 h9c6 figs-metaphor ταῦτα φεῦγε 1 flee from these things Paul speaks of these temptations and sins as if they were things that a person could physically run away from. Alternate translation: “completely avoid these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 11 a88g ταῦτα 1 these things Possible meanings of “these things” are (1) the “love of money” or (2) the different teachings, pride, arguments, and the love of money.
1TI 6 11 zjl3 figs-metaphor δίωκε…δικαιοσύνην 1 Pursue righteousness “Run after” or “Chase.” Paul speaks of righteousness and other good qualities as if they were things that a person could run after. This metaphor is the opposite of “flee from.” It means to try your best to obtain something. Alternate translation: “Seek to gain” or “Do your best to act in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 12 w21p figs-metaphor ἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως 1 Fight the good fight of faith Here Paul speaks about a person continuing in faith as if they are an athlete fighting to win a contest or a warrior fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “Try your hardest to obey Christ’s teachings with as much energy as an athlete uses in a contest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 12 y6m8 figs-metaphor ἐπιλαβοῦ τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς 1 Take hold of the everlasting life This continues the metaphor. Paul speaks about a person receiving eternal life as if they are a victorious athlete or warrior taking their prize. Alternate translation: “Take eternal life as your reward as a victorious athlete takes his prize” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 12 usd1 figs-activepassive εἰς ἣν ἐκλήθης 1 to which you were called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to which God has called you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 12 qw96 ὡμολόγησας τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογία 1 you gave the good confession “you confessed what is good” or “you confessed the truth”
1TI 6 12 vm6q figs-metonymy ἐνώπιον πολλῶν μαρτύρων 1 before many witnesses Paul expresses the idea of location in order to signal the idea of the people to whom Timothy was speaking. Alternate translation: “to many witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1TI 6 13 aj8i 0 Connecting Statement: Paul talks of Christ’s coming, gives specific instructions to the rich, and lastly closes with a special message to Timothy.
1TI 6 13 t6dh παραγγέλλω σοι 1 I give these orders to you “This is what I command you”
1TI 6 13 ts65 figs-explicit τοῦ ζῳοποιοῦντος τὰ πάντα 1 who gives life to all things “in the presence of God, who causes all things to live.” It is implied that Paul as asking God to be his witness. Alternate translation: “with God, who causes all things to live, as my witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 13 amy1 figs-explicit καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ, τοῦ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πειλάτου 1 before Christ Jesus, who made…Pilate “in the presence of Christ Jesus, who spoke…Pilate.” It is implied that Paul is asking Jesus to be his witness. Alternate translation: “with Christ Jesus, who spoke…Pilate, as my witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 14 p9n9 figs-metaphor ἄσπιλον ἀνεπίλημπτον 1 without spot or blame The word “spot” is a metaphor for moral fault. Possible meanings are (1) Jesus will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong or (2) other people will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 14 nk52 μέχρι τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ “until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again”
1TI 6 15 qh1p figs-explicit δείξει 1 God will reveal Christ’s appearing It is implied that God will reveal Jesus. Alternate translation: “God will reveal Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1TI 6 15 ac6y ὁ μακάριος καὶ μόνος Δυνάστης 1 the blessed and only Sovereign “the One worthy of praise who rules over the world”
1TI 6 16 l9i8 ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν 1 Only he has immortality “Only he has the power to live forever”
1TI 6 16 tsz3 φῶς οἰκῶν ἀπρόσιτον 1 dwells in inapproachable light “dwells in a light so bright that no one can approach him”
1TI 6 17 te3z figs-nominaladj τοῖς πλουσίοις…παράγγελλε 1 Tell the rich Here “rich” is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Tell those who are rich” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
1TI 6 17 drj6 ἐπὶ πλούτου ἀδηλότητι 1 in riches, which are uncertain “in the many things that they own that they may lose.” The reference here is to physical objects.
1TI 6 17 iq61 πάντα πλουσίως 1 all the true riches “all the things that will make us truly happy.” The reference here may include physical objects, but it more likely refers to states like love, joy, and peace that people try to obtain by means of physical objects.
1TI 6 18 cii3 figs-metaphor πλουτεῖν ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς 1 be rich in good works Paul speaks of spiritual blessings as if they were earthly wealth. Alternate translation: “serve and help others in many ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 19 zc9d figs-metaphor ἀποθησαυρίζοντας ἑαυτοῖς θεμέλιον καλὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον 1 they will store up for themselves a good foundation for what is to come Here Paul speaks about God’s blessings that he gives in heaven as if they are riches that a person is storing away for later use. And, the certainty of these blessings that people will never lose is spoke of as if they were the foundation of a building. Alternate translation: “it will be as though they were storing up for themselves many things that God will give them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 19 z5ru figs-metaphor ἐπιλάβωνται τῆς ὄντως ζωῆς 1 take hold of real life This recalls the sports metaphor of [1 Timothy 6:12](../06/12.md), where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the “prize” is “real” life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 20 u9wd figs-activepassive τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον 1 protect what was given to you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “faithfully proclaim the true message that Jesus has given to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 20 vgr8 ἐκτρεπόμενος τὰς βεβήλους κενοφωνίας 1 Avoid the foolish talk “Do not pay attention to the foolish talk”
1TI 6 20 y2u7 figs-activepassive τῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως 1 of what is falsely called knowledge This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “of what some people falsely call knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1TI 6 21 e6rb figs-metaphor τὴν πίστιν ἠστόχησαν 1 they have missed the faith Paul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target at which to aim. Alternate translation: “they have not understood or believed the true faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1TI 6 21 hix2 figs-you ἡ χάρις μεθ’ ὑμῶν 1 May grace be with you “May God give grace to all of you.” The “you” is plural and refers to the whole Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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