front:intro h5yn 0 # Introduction to 1 Kings\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of 1 Kings\n\n1. David dies and Solomon begins to reign (1:1–2:46)\n1. Solomon reigns (3:1–11:43)\n * Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:1–4:43)\n * Solomon’s temple (5:1–8:66)\n * Rise and fall of Solomon (9:1–11:43)\n1. The kingdom divides (12:1–14:31)\n * Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:1–24)\n * Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:25–33)\n * Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:1–14:20)\n * Rehoboam’s end (14:21–31)\n1. Kings and events in Israel and Judah (15:1–22:53)\n * Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:1–24)\n * Nadab in Israel (15:25–32)\n * Baasha in Israel (15:33–16:7)\n * Elah in Israel (16:8–14)\n * Zimri in Israel (16:15–22)\n * Omri in Israel (16:23–28)\n * Ahab in Israel (16:29–22:40)\n * Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:41–50)\n * Ahaziah in Israel (22:51–53)\n\n### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?\n\nThese books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.\n\nIn the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 22–23](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.\n\nThe Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?\n\nThese books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?\n\nIn the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.\n\n### What does the king “did what was right (or evil) in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?\n\nThe writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.\n\n### What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?\n\nThe name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])\n\n### Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel?\n\nThe Books of 1 and 2 Samuel should
1:intro v496 0 # 1 Kings 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n1 Kings is a continuation of 2 Samuel.\n\nThis chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1–11) after the death of David.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The next king\n\nDavid did not announce who was to succeed him. Because of this, there was fighting between David’s sons over who should be king. Adonijah invited guests to a banquet and declared himself king. Then those favoring Solomon told David and he declared Solomon the new king.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\nSeveral times in this chapter, the people use the idiom “sit on the throne” to mean “be king.” Solomon assures Adonijah that if he behaves himself “not a hair of his will fall to the earth,” meaning “he will not be harmed.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1:1 b43p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet old and advanced in years 0 “very old.” The two phrases are similar in meaning and are combined for emphasis.
1:3 jj8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole within all the borders of Israel 0 This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “all over the land of Israel”
1:3 pts5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Abishag 0 This is a woman’s name.
1:3 lg2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shunammite 0 a person from the city of Shunem
1:5 uqt7 exalted himself 0 Alternate translation: “began to boast”
1:5 gxh9 horsemen 0 These are men who drive chariots pulled by horses.
1:5 u44y fifty men to run ahead of him 0 These men would go ahead of the chariots to clear the way for them and protect them.
1:6 wpj5 had never troubled him, saying 0 Alternate translation: “had never troubled him. He had never even asked him” or “had never wanted to make him angry, so he never even asked him”
1:6 eh22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why have you done this or that? 0 This is a rhetorical question that a father would ask to discipline his son. Alternate translation: “You should know that what you have done is wrong.”
1:9 k2ub fattened calves 0 Alternate translation: “calves that were given plenty of food so that they would be fat” or “young cows that were specially prepared for sacrifice”
1:11 l2v9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you not heard … it? 0 The purpose of this question is to introduce the information that Nathan wants to tell Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “You do not seem to have heard … it.” or “Have you heard … it?”
1:11 ae8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Haggith 0 Adonijah’s mother and a wife of David.
1:13 v5dq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion did you not swear to your servant … throne? 0 The purpose of this question was to remind David of what he had promised Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “you swore to your servant … throne.”
1:13 pg8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns to your servant 0 Bathsheba speaks to David as if she were someone else to show that she respects David. Alternate translation: “to me, your servant”
1:13 rwb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he will sit on my throne 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”
1:13 k3xw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why then is Adonijah reigning? 0 Bathsheba was to use a question so David would pay attention. Alternate translation: “So then, Adonijah should not be reigning.”
1:14 c78s confirm your words 0 Alternate translation: “tell him that what you have said is true”
1:15 r8hv the king’s room 0 Alternate translation: “the room in which the king slept”
1:15 b4tq Abishag the Shunammite 0 This is the young virgin that King David’s servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md).
1:16 i62h bowed and prostrated herself before the king 0 Alternate translation: “bowed close to the ground in front of the king”
1:16 q1mt What do you desire? 0 Alternate translation: “What can I do for you?”
1:17 f3nw you swore to 0 The form of “you” here is emphatic. Alternate translation: “you yourself swore to”
1:17 n2c3 your servant 0 Bathsheba speaks as if she were another person to show David that she respects him. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “me, your servant”
1:17 ywl1 Yahweh 0 This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
1:17 bt9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he shall sit on my throne 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”
1:20 zlc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the eyes of all Israel are on you, waiting 0 Here “eyes” refers to the people. Here “the eyes … are on you” is an idiom that means the people are waiting expectantly. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel are waiting expectantly” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1:20 ux2p will sit on the throne 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “will be king”
1:21 pu6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns when my master the king sleeps with his fathers 0 Bathsheba speaks to King David as if she were speaking about him to show that she respects him. Alternate translation: “when you sleep with your fathers”
1:21 jz9e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism sleeps with his fathers 0 This is a polite way of saying “dies.”
1:21 z8su rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I and my son Solomon will be regarded as criminals 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the new king will regard my son Solomon and me as criminals”
1:24 mhc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations have you said, ‘Adonijah will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne?’ 0 This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have you said that Adonijah will reign after you, and he will sit on your throne?”
1:24 vmf5 he will sit on my throne 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”
1:25 xm46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom eating and drinking before him 0 Adonijah probably sat at a table where he could watch all those he had invited as they ate and drank. The main idea is that the people Nathan named were with Adonijah and they were celebrating together. Alternate translation: “eating and drinking with him” or “eating and drinking where he can see them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1:27 b3wq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person Has my master the king done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after him? 0 Nathan refers to David in the third person. This is a way of showing respect to the king. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “Have you, my master the king, done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after you?”
1:27 s1tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who should sit on the throne 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “who would be king after him”
1:30 xg17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he will sit on my throne in my place 0 Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will take my place and be king just as I was”
1:31 rdz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole May my master King David live forever 0 Bathsheba knew David would not live forever; this is a way of saying that he is a good king.
1:33 e68v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns the servants of your master 0 David speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else so Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah would remember that David is still king. Alternate translation: “my servants”
1:33 de2v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gihon 0 This is the name of a water spring.
1:35 qn6j he will come and sit on my throne 0 The words “sit on the throne” are used as a metonym for being king in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md), [1 Kings 1:17](./17.md), and [1 Kings 1:30](./30.md). Here David speaks of Solomon literally sitting on a physical throne.
1:36 q1hs So let it be! 0 They agree and will do what King David said.
1:36 u4b9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns May Yahweh, the God of my master the king, confirm 0 Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “My master and king, may Yahweh your God confirm”
1:37 v83u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns has been with my master the king, so 0 Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “has been with you, my master the king, so”
1:37 l4nd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David 0 The word **throne** is a metonym for either: (1) the person who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “make the one who sits on the throne greater than my master King David” or (2) the kingdom over which the one who sits on the throne rules. Alternate translation: “make his kingdom greater than the kingdom of my master King David”
1:37 fzr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns the throne of my master King David 0 Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “your throne, my master King David”
1:39 l324 took the horn of oil out of the tent 0 This means the priest took the special animal horn filled with olive oil that was kept in Yahweh’s special tent.
1:39 v593 took the horn of oil 0 This could mean: (1) the horn of an animal filled with olive oil or (2) a container that had replaced the original horn, but the people still called it a horn. Alternate translation: “took a container of oil”
1:44 bah7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kerethites … Pelethites 0 These are names of people groups.
1:46 nz69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy is sitting on the throne of the kingdom 0 This could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: “is now king” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1:48 v2c2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a person to sit on my throne this day 0 This could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: “a person to be king today as I was” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1:50 lg7j Adonijah … took hold of the horns of the altar 0 The “horns of the altar” symbolized the strength and protection of Yahweh, but because Adonijah literally went into the area of the physical tent to take literal hold of the physical horns, you should translate this literally.
1:50 ls5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Adonijah … rose up, went 0 Another possible meaning is “Adonijah … quickly went”
1:51 i1ku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns is afraid of King Solomon 0 The servants speak to King Solomon as if they were speaking of someone else to show that they respected King Solomon. Alternate translation: “is afraid of you, King Solomon”
1:51 g2ei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns he will not kill his servant 0 Adonijah speaks of himself as if he were speaking of another person so people will think that he respects King Solomon. Alternate translation: “he will not kill me”
1:52 t3dr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit not a hair of his will fall to the earth 0 This is an exaggeration to say that Solomon will keep Adonijah safe. Alternate translation: “not a hair of his head will fall” or “I will keep him safe” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1:52 d933 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns wickedness is found in him 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wickedness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. It is spoken of as if it were an object that could be found in a container. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “he does what is evil” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2:intro nsa1 0 # 1 Kings 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two stories: David’s last advice to Solomon and Solomon’s punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Exalting oneself\n\nExalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Euphemism\n\nDavid spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: “I am going the way of all the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nDavid wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: “Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses.” Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2:2 v679 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism I am going the way of all the earth 0 This is a polite way of saying “I am going to die.”
2:2 n19l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis show yourself a man 0 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “show everyone that you are a man” or “live so that everyone can see you are a good man”
2:3 z9rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom walk in his ways 0 Walking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “live the way he commands”
2:4 m9j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with all their heart and with all their soul 0 The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2:4 j114 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will never cease to have a man on the throne of Israel 0 The word “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes “will never cease to have” can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel” or “one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2:5 vc4k what Joab … did to me, and what he did 0 David is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did”
2:5 dfd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy shed the blood of war in peace 0 This could mean: (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war”
2:5 x43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feet 0 This could mean: (1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or (2) the word “blood” is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab’s authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally.
2:6 hm11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peace 0 Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a “gray head.” Alternate translation: “make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old”
2:7 p85c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Barzillai 0 a man’s name
2:7 tcu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let them be among those who eat at your table 0 The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home”
2:8 l8ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shimei … Gera 0 men’s names
2:8 r5e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Bahurim … Mahanaim 0 place names
2:9 tvd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives do not let him go free from punishment 0 This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him”
2:9 wrv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy bring his gray head down to the grave with blood 0 Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2:10 rlu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism slept with his ancestors 0 David dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died”
2:10 h7jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive David … and was buried 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “David … and they buried him”
2:11 f3w5 The days that David reigned over Israel were 0 Alternate translation: “The time that David reigned over Israel was” or “David reigned over Israel for”
2:12 nhg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy sat on the throne of his father David 0 The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: “became king, as his father David had been”
2:12 p55b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his rule was firmly established 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomon’s rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom”
2:15 j26b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the kingdom was given to my brother 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother” or “my brother became king”
2:16 ceu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do not turn away from my face 0 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “do not refuse to do what I request”
2:17 yj4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he will not turn away from your face 0 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “he will not refuse to do what you request”
2:19 hdv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive had a throne brought 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “told someone to bring a throne”
2:20 z967 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will not turn away from my face … I will not turn away from your face 0 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md) and [1 Kings 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “you will not refuse to do what I request … I will not refuse to do what you request”
2:21 hu72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah … as his wife 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Allow Adonijah … to marry Abishag the Shunammite” or “Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah … as his wife”
2:22 d8bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why do you ask … Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah? 0 King Solomon was angered by his mother’s request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!”
2:23 zem8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request”
2:24 ac1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set me on the throne 0 The word “throne” refers to Solomon’s authority to rule that was given by Yahweh.
2:24 k151 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who has made me a house 0 Here “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him.
2:28 zpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the horns of the altar 0 The horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh’s power and protection.
2:29 t39e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It was told King Solomon that Joab had fled 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled”
2:31 sj9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father’s house the blood that Joab shed without cause 0 Here “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father’s house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason”
2:32 uk13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy May Yahweh return his blood on his own head 0 The word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2:32 n2gh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet more righteous and better 0 These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab.
2:33 qiy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendants 0 The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “blood return on the head of” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2:33 x8x7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to his house, and to his throne 0 The words “house” and “throne” are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate translation: “to David’s descendants and to David’s kingdom”
2:34 br9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in his own house 0 The house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate translation: “where his family lived”
2:37 d6zb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Your blood will be on your own head 0 Here “blood” is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “You will be responsible for your own death”
2:41 mvk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Solomon was told 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Solomon”
2:42 c16y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I not make you swear … saying, ‘Know … die’? 0 Solomon is reminding Shimei of what Shimei had promised. Alternate translation: “You know very well that I made you swear … saying, ‘Know … die’!”
2:43 pue7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why then have you not kept your oath … you? 0 This could mean: (1) Solomon is asking for an answer or (2) Alternate translation: “You have done wrong by breaking your oath … you.”
2:44 f7q3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche will return your wickedness on your own head 0 Here the head represents the person, and wickedness is spoken of as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put on a person’s head. Alternate translation: “will hold you responsible for all your wickedness”
2:45 fx8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the throne of David will be established before Yahweh forever 0 Here “throne of David” represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever.
2:46 q4c8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in Solomon’s hand 0 This use of “hand” represents Solomon’s power and authority.
3:intro r15u 0 # 1 Kings 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two stories. Verses 1–15 is the story of Solomon’s dream when God asked him what he wanted and he said he needed wisdom to be a good and fair ruler. Verses 16–28 is the story of a court case showing Solomon’s wisdom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Wisdom\n\nGod was very pleased with Solomon’s request for wisdom. This is because wisdom was something that he could use to serve other people instead of himself. Because this was a noble request, God promised Solomon wisdom, wealth, and fame. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])\n\n### Putting the needs of others first\n\nThere are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front of their own needs. God is pleased with people wanting to do their job well more than wanting to be blessed. A mother will put the life of her child above every other concern. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])
3:1 q5yv Solomon allied himself by marriage with Pharaoh king of Egypt 0 Solomon became the son-in-law of Pharaoh king of Egypt so the two kings would work together and fight together against their enemies.
3:1 s4dd until he had finished building 0 She was still in the city of David after he had finished building.
3:1 l66h the house of Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “the temple”
3:2 vv3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive no house had yet been built 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one had yet built a house”
3:2 x9tf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the name of Yahweh 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh”
3:3 tr54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walking in the statutes of David his father 0 How one lives one’s life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “obeying the laws that David his father had made”
3:4 hhq1 the great high place 0 Alternate translation: “the most famous place for makings sacrifices” or “the most important altar”
3:5 f1km Ask! What should I give you? 0 Alternate translation: “Ask me for whatever you want and I will give it to you.” or “What do you want? Ask and I will give it to you.”
3:6 ii4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns You have shown great covenant faithfulness to your servant 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You have been very faithful to your covenant with your servant” or “You have greatly and faithfully loved your servant”
3:6 kyk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor because he walked before you in trustworthiness, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart 0 Walking is a metaphor for the way one lives. The abstract nouns “trustworthiness,” “righteousness,” and “uprightness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because he was trustworthy and righteous, and his heart was upright” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
3:6 c77h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in uprightness of heart 0 A sincere person is spoken of as one whose heart is upright. Alternate translation: “he was sincere” or “he spoke the truth and did what was good”
3:6 tyy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns have given him a son 0 The “son” is Solomon.
3:6 fji4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to sit on his throne 0 Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: “to rule in his place”
3:7 cj3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns your servant 0 Solomon speaks as if he is another person to show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “me”
3:7 fc3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I am only a little child 0 Solomon is saying that he is like a child who does not know as much as a father.
3:7 u3y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I do not know how to go out or come in 0 This is an idiom that means Solomon does not know how to govern as king. Alternate translation: “I do not know how to be the king” or “I do not know the right way to do things as king”
3:9 ri57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion For who is able to judge this great people of yours? 0 Solomon asks a question to emphasize that he knows that no one can judge. Alternate translation: “No one is able to judge this great people of yours.”
3:11 dqu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the life of your enemies 0 The “life” is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate translation: “the power to kill your enemies”
3:12 dyj4 now I will do all you asked of me when you gave me your request 0 Alternate translation: “I will do what you asked me to do when you spoke with me”
3:12 cik7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I give you a wise and an understanding heart 0 The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate translation: “I make you able to be wise and to understand many things”
3:14 yg1m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk in my ways to keep 0 Living one’s life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to live and obey”
3:19 qy9v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit lay on him 0 It may be helpful to state that this caused the baby to die. Alternate translation: “accidentally rolled on top of her baby and smothered him”
3:20 tc1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns your servant 0 The woman speaks as if she were speaking of someone else to show that she respects Solomon. Alternate translation: “I”
3:26 ix5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor her heart was full of compassion for her son 0 This speaks of the woman having a lot of compassion as if her heart were a container and compassion were a solid object. Alternate translation: “she greatly loved her baby”
3:28 caa5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all Israel 0 This is a generalization.
4:intro q6h7 0 # 1 Kings 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter names the important people in Solomon’s government and shows the extent of his kingdom.
4:6 tbu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ahishar … Adoniram … Abda 0 These are names of men.
4:6 uj2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the men who were subjected to forced labor 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon forced to work for him”
4:8 ea4h rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ben-Hur 0 This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hur” means “the son of Hur.”
4:9 z8g9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ben-Deker 0 This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Deker” means “the son of Deker.”
4:10 e1f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ben-Hesed 0 This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hesed” means “the son of Hesed.”
4:11 jei3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ben-Abinadab 0 This is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Abinadab” means “the son of Abinadab.”
4:20 fgc8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand by the sea 0 The speaker uses exaggeration to say that there were so many people that it would be impossible to count them all. The words “Judah” and “Israel” are metonyms for the people who lived in Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: “There were as many people in Judah and Israel as there are grains of sand by the sea” or “there were more people in Judah and Israel than a person could count” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4:25 h54f every man under his vine and under his fig tree 0 “each family had their own garden with grapevines and fig trees,” This showed that the people lived in safety and peace, since they were not at war and had time to grow their gardens.
4:25 f65g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism from Dan to Beersheba 0 This represents the whole land of Israel from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south.
4:27 v6uc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes They let nothing be lacking 0 This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “They provided everything that Solomon needed”
4:29 ej9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns God gave Solomon great wisdom and understanding 0 The abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as verbs. God giving him these things means that God enabled him to have these qualities. Alternate translation: “God enabled Solomon to be wise and to understand many things” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
4:29 h9j6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile wideness of understanding like the sand on the seashore 0 Solomon was able to understand many things about many different subjects. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wideness**, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “Solomon was able to understand many things about a wide range of subjects”
4:33 r1r3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown cedar … hyssop 0 These words form a merism that includes all plants. Alternate translation: “cedar tree … hyssop bush” or “the greatest of trees … least important of bushes” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
5:intro c6a5 0 # 1 Kings 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the beginning of the description of the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Building the temple\n\nBuilding the temple took a lot of work and cooperation. King Hiram of Tyre provided lumber for building the temple in exchange for wheat and olive oil. Solomon also had many people cutting rocks for the walls of the temple.
5:3 pv3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feet 0 To put an enemy under someone’s foot means to conquer them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was helping David to defeat his enemies” or “David was busy since Yahweh was giving him victory over his enemies”
5:3 c84s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the name of Yahweh 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh”
5:3 vz73 because of the wars that surrounded him 0 Another possible meaning is “because of the wars with which his enemies surrounded him” or “because he was fighting enemies on all sides”
5:3 dkf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feet 0 This speaks of Yahweh giving David complete control over his enemies as putting them under his feet. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was enabling David to completely defeat his enemies”
5:4 h6ir has given me rest on every side 0 Before Solomon became king, King David and the people of Israel had been at war, but now King Solomon and the people were at rest and in a time of peace.
5:4 zr1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism There is neither adversary nor disaster 0 neither humans who cause harm nor natural events that cause harm. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “We are safe from our enemies and from natural disasters”
5:4 hy1q disaster 0 event that causes harm to people and their property
5:5 gll4 So 0 This is to emphasize the words that follow. “Listen! This is what I am going to do:” or “Because of what Yahweh has done for me, this is what I am going to do:”
5:5 ep1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the name of Yahweh my God … for my name 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh my God will live … where I will live”
5:5 pwq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set on your throne in your place 0 Here “throne” refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: “make to be the king after you”
5:6 ae9w there is no one among us who knows how to cut timber like the Sidonians 0 Alternate translation: “your workers know how to cut timber better than my men”
5:7 rz48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive May Yahweh be blessed today 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I praise Yahweh today”
5:9 th95 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive them broken up there 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “my workers untie the logs from each other”
5:11 ku5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume measures of wheat 0 This was a dry measurement whereas the oil was a liquid measurement. It was not clear which measure was intended. The measurement in the UST is an educated guess.
5:13 h6dp conscripted labor out of all Israel 0 Alternate translation: “forced men from all over Israel to work”
5:14 hun8 in shifts 0 That is, there were three groups that took turns spending one month in Lebanon and two months at home.
5:14 j6rk One month they were in Lebanon and two months at home 0 Each of the three groups spent one month working in Lebanon and then two months at home in Israel.
5:14 xnv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the men who were subjected to forced labor 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon was forcing to work for him”
5:17 hk8u quarried large stones of high quality 0 Alternate translation: “dug large, good stones out of the mountain and cut them to be the right shape”
6:intro dn22 0 # 1 Kings 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Building the temple\n\nSolomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God.
6:1 si1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon began to build 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded his workers to begin building”
6:1 z8zf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal 480th … fourth 0 These are the ordinal forms of 480 and 4.
6:1 u34s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the month of Ziv, which is the second month 0 “Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6:2 md89 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers sixty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and thirty cubits high 0 “60 cubits long, 20 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. This can be written used modern measures. Alternate translation: “27.6 meters long, 9.2 meters wide, and 13.8 meters high” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
6:3 yij1 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
6:3 usb7 portico 0 an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the building’s entrance door. This portico was probably attached to the front part of the wall that surrounded the temple.
6:4 vkp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he made windows 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made windows”
6:5 yit1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he built 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built”
6:6 r5tu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he made 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made”
6:6 w37f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance five cubits … six cubits … seven cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 2.3 meters … about 2.8 meters … about 3.2 meters”
6:6 grf8 he made offsets in the wall of the house 0 They made ledges all around the main building to support the beams of the small rooms.
6:6 fp5r beams 0 A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building.
6:7 gis9 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe narrator continues to describe the temple.
6:7 udq4 the house 0 Here “house” refers to God’s house, the temple.
6:7 ekm1 stones prepared at the quarry 0 A quarry is where people cut large stones from a mountain and shape them with tools so they are smooth. After they prepared the stones at the quarry, they brought them to the temple.
6:8 n52z Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe narrator continues to describe the temple.
6:8 rn6p ground level … middle level … third level 0 There were a total of three floors. Some languages call these “ground floor,” “first floor,” and “second floor.”
6:9 eh9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon built … he covered 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon’s workers built … they covered”
6:9 qdt5 beams … of cedar 0 A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:6](../06/06.md).
6:9 j6je planks … of cedar 0 A plank is a flat wooden board used for floors and walls.
6:10 kzz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He built 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “They built”
6:10 yr6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy inner chambers 0 This phrase is a metonym for the walls that enclosed the chambers. Alternate translation: “exterior walls that enclosed the inner chambers”
6:10 anu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance five cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters”
6:11 czi8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh came to Solomon, saying, 0 The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Solomon. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Solomon:”
6:12 vb8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy which you are building 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “which you are having your workers build”
6:12 af43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk in my statutes 0 The word “walk” is a metaphor for “live” or “obey.” Alternate translation: “continually obey all my statutes”
6:12 g495 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism keep all my commandments and walk in them 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying God’s commandments. AT “carefully obey all I tell you to do”
6:12 x4rb I will confirm my promise with you that I had made to David your father 0 Alternate translation: “I will do everything I promised David your father that I would do for you”
6:14 k3ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon’s workers”
6:15 y9km rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he built … he covered them … he covered the floor 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built … they covered them … they covered the floor”
6:15 ik56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown cypress 0 Cypress is a kind of wood that was used for building the temple.
6:16 d6pq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He built twenty cubits … He built this room 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build twenty cubits … He had them build this room”
6:19 ygb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon prepared 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They prepared”
6:20 w5vk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon overlaid 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid”
6:21 yge1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon overlaid … he placed 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … they placed”
6:22 x7k8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He overlaid … He also overlaid 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … They also overlaid”
6:23 ilt3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon made 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded them to make”
6:27 bcq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon placed 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They placed”
6:28 l1b6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon overlaid 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid”
6:29 w47j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He carved 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to carve”
6:30 w875 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon overlaid 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He had them overlay”
6:31 uq5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon made 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made”
6:32 w1bj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he made … he made … He overlaid … he spread 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they made … they made … They overlaid … they spread”
6:32 ix6q overlaid 0 “covered.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:21](../06/21.md).
6:33 s6ub In this way, Solomon also made for the temple entrance doorposts of olive wood having four indented sections 0 Alternate translation: “In the same way, Solomon also made doorposts of olive wood for the temple entrance, with four indented sections”
6:33 dfh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon also made 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they also made”
6:35 zh1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He carved … he evenly overlaid 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They carved … they evenly overlaid”
6:36 y7ry rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He built the inner courtyard 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They built the inner courtyard”
6:37 w9kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the fourth year 0 The word “fourth” is the ordinal form of “four.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the fourth year after Solomon became king” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
6:37 f1ix rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the month of Ziv 0 “Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:1](../06/01.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6:38 ft8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal the eleventh year 0 The word “eleventh” is the ordinal forms of “eleven.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the eleventh year after Solomon became king” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
6:38 hy2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the month of Bul, which is the eighth month 0 “Bul” is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6:38 iee2 the house was finished in all its parts and conforming to all its specifications 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “they finished building every part of the house. They built it exactly the way Solomon had told them to build it”
6:38 rz5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon took 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomon’s workers”
7:intro kaf2 0 # 1 Kings 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has a description of the palace Solomon built and the materials used in the temple courtyard. It is the last chapter about the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Bronze\n\nSolomon hired a man from Tyre who was good at casting things out of bronze. The bronze objects were made by hollowing out the shape of the object in clay and then pouring in the hot melted liquid bronze and letting it cool. He made two large pillars and a large water reservoir set on the backs of 12 bronze cows. He made all the instruments for use in the sacrifices outside the temple. He made the furnishing inside the temple out of gold.\n\n### The temple and the palace\n\nSolomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than the temple. It is significant that the house of Solomon was much larger than the house of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]])
7:1 f5n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon took thirteen years to build his own palace 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomon’s workers thirteen years to build his palace”
7:2 a64r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He built 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build”
7:2 zp59 beams 0 A beam is a long piece of strong wood used to support walls and roofs.
7:3 e2zi Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nSome details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
7:3 vs2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The house was roofed with cedar that rested on beams 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The carpenters built a roof from cedar planks and attached them to beams”
7:3 mmk9 beams 0 long pieces of strong wood usually used to support a roof
7:4 d2n4 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nSome details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
7:5 c2pl Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nSome details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
7:5 tmp7 were made square 0 Alternate translation: “had rectangular frames”
7:6 nzf9 portico 0 an area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the building’s entrance door. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:3](../06/03.md)
7:7 t73g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon built 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon had them build”
7:7 ksi3 the hall of the throne 0 This could mean: (1) “the house in which he was going to place his throne” or (2) “a house named The King’s Chair House”
7:7 va4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It was covered with cedar 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers covered the floor with cedar wood”
7:8 u1kw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Solomon’s house in which he was to live, in another courtyard within the palace grounds, was similarly designed 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Solomon had someone design the house in which he was to live, in another courtyard within the palace grounds, in the same way”
7:8 vhb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He also built 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He also commanded them to build”
7:9 b9da rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive These buildings were adorned with costly hewn stones 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers adorned the buildings with costly, hewn stones”
7:9 x9ml rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive hewn stones, precisely measured and cut with a saw and smoothed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “hewn stones, that workers had precisely measured and cut with a saw and smoothed”
7:9 ht4p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive These stones were used 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers used these stones”
7:9 a28u from the foundation to the stones on top, and also on the outside to the great court 0 The author is emphasizing that the workers used expensive stones for the foundations and all the buildings.
7:10 cs6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The foundation was constructed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers constructed the foundation”
7:10 j43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance eight and ten cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 3.7 meters and 4.6 meters”
7:13 yv35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit brought him from Tyre 0 Huram accepted Solomon’s invitation to come to Jerusalem.
7:14 mx1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the son of a widow … his father was a man of Tyre 0 A widow is a woman whose husband has died, so we know that the father is dead.
7:14 xyc5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Huram was filled with wisdom and understanding and skill 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The words “wisdom and understanding” mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Yahweh giving such things as wisdom is spoken of as if they were liquids that Yahweh had poured into a container, and Huram is spoken of as if he were that container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had given Huram wisdom, understanding, and skill” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7:15 ps2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance eighteen cubits … twelve cubits 0 A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 8.3 meters … 5.5 meters”
7:16 ym3q two capitals 0 decorations on top of each of the two pillars
7:16 fd4s polished bronze 0 They polished the bronze so that it would reflect sunlight. “gleaming bronze”
7:17 lzk9 Checker latticework and wreaths of chain work 0 Alternate translation: “Crossed metal strips woven together and metal chains twisted together”
7:18 rc2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram commanded his workers to make”
7:18 m8zp two rows of pomegranates 0 A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze.
7:19 yg1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The capitals … were decorated with lilies, four cubits high 0 Lilies are plants whose flowers are wide at one end and very narrow at the other end. These words can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram decorated the capitals … with bronze lilies, four cubits high” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
7:19 gz27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance four cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters”
7:20 py2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers two hundred pomegranates 0 “200 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md)
7:21 xs4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He raised up 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They raised up”
7:21 i3hg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names The pillar on the right was named Jakin 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the right side was Jakin” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7:21 x4yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the pillar on the left was named Boaz 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the left side was Boaz”
7:22 f36f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The fashioning of the pillars was done 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram fashioned the pillars” or “Huram’s men fashioned the pillars”
7:23 q22n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make”
7:24 a5xx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive when that basin was cast 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when Huram cast that basin”
7:25 m9v3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive “The Sea” was set on top of them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram’s workers set ‘The Sea’ on top of the bronze oxen”
7:26 d6yr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile its brim was forged like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossom 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram forged the brim to look like the brim of a cup, to curve outward like a lily” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7:26 im3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume two thousand baths 0 A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “2,000 baths” or “44,000 liters”
7:27 vrb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make” or “They also made”
7:27 nie3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance four cubits … three cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters … about 1.4 meters”
7:28 g4xy The work of the stands was like this 0 This means the author will describe the stands in the words that follow.
7:29 vkn8 on the panels and on the frames were lions, oxen, and cherubim 0 There were decorative pieces in the shapes of lions, oxen, and cherubim fastened to the sides of the stands.
7:29 drg7 wreaths of hammered work 0 Here the word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze.
7:30 c4jj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit four bronze wheels and axles 0 There was one axle for each pair of wheels. Alternate translation: “four bronze wheels and two axles” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7:30 wp4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The supports were cast with wreaths 0 Each support was cast as one piece with the wreaths. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram cast the supports with spiral-shaped pieces”
7:31 tnm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance a cubit and a half … a cubit 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters … about 50 centimeters”
7:31 bjx5 a crown that rose up 0 Here the word “crown” refers to the circular piece at the top of the stand’s opening that held the basin.
7:31 g112 their panels were square 0 “the panels of the stands were square.” This phrase returns to the description of the panels that began in [1 Kings 7:28](../07/28.md).
7:32 nan4 their housings 0 Here the word “their” refers to the axles. The word “housings” refers to the casings into which the axles were inserted.
7:32 ia6k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance a cubit and a half 0 A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters”
7:33 ez4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The wheels were forged like chariot wheels 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram made the wheels like small chariot wheels”
7:33 huz3 Their housings, rims, spokes, and hubs 0 Here the word “Their” refers to the wheels.
7:34 u8dc There were four handles at the four corners of each stand 0 Alternate translation: “There was a handle at each of the four corners of each stand”
7:35 j76e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance half a cubit deep 0 A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “twenty-three centimeters wide”
7:35 i2wt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive on the top of the stand its supports and panels were attached 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram attached the supports and panels to the top of each stand”
7:36 y4ln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram engraved 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they engraved”
7:36 d8lh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive they were surrounded by wreaths 0 The word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “there were wreaths all around them”
7:37 iv9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to make”
7:37 c4b7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive All of them were cast in the same molds 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram cast all of the stands in the same mold” or “They cast all of the stand in the same mold”
7:38 bx9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made ten 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make ten”
7:38 w15g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume forty baths 0 A bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 88 liters” or “about 90 liters”
7:38 k7yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance four cubits 0 A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters”
7:39 w6v7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He made five … He set 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Human had them make five … Huram commanded them to set”
7:40 kaa7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made … he finished 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make … they finished”
7:41 zv5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile the bowl-like capitals 0 The capitals were shaped like bowls.
7:42 v1e3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made”
7:42 f5hx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers four hundred pomegranates 0 “400 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md).
7:44 p87u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made”
7:45 d5gg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Huram made 0 Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made”
7:46 f6xb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The king had cast them 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “The king had his workers cast them”
7:46 ug1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Succoth … Zarethan 0 These are names of cities.
7:47 yk38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon did not weigh 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon did not have them weigh”
7:47 u74l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the weight of the bronze could not be measured 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one could measure the weight of the bronze”
7:48 f4p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon had made 0 Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon’s workers had made”
7:48 e2d6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive on which the bread of the presence was to be placed 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on which the priests were to place the bread of the presence”
7:50 tev9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive had made the cups … all of which were made of pure gold 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “had his workers make all the cups … out of pure gold”
7:50 y2nn sockets of gold made for the doors 0 Here, **sockets** may refer to either: (1) the sockets in which the door pegs turned, or (2) the hinges on which the doors hung.
7:51 x9f6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the work that King Solomon directed for the house of Yahweh was finished 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the workers finished the work that King Solomon had them do for the house of Yahweh”
8:intro h96s 0 # 1 Kings 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ark is placed in the new temple. This is a very significant event in the history of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Celebration of the temple’s completion\nWhen the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\nSolomon prayed that God would respond to people’s prayers using an idiom: “that your eyes may be open to the request of your servant.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8:1 kla2 assembled the elders of Israel 0 Alternate translation: “called together the leaders of Israel”
8:2 vy83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole All the men of Israel 0 This may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 8:1 or (2) generally to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every male person who lived in Israel.
8:2 j1l1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the month of Ethanim, which is the seventh month 0 “Ethanim” is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8:5 wl1z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all the assembly of Israel 0 This is a generalization.
8:5 i2ea rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive sheep and oxen that could not be counted 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “more sheep and oxen than anyone would ever be able to count”
8:6 r7tn into the inner room of the house, to the most holy place, under 0 Alternate translation: “into the inner room of the house—that is, to the most holy place—under”
8:7 f19r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive poles by which it was carried 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “poles by which the priests carried it”
8:8 igt6 their ends were seen … they could not be seen 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people could see their ends … people could not see them”
8:8 ia58 this day 0 This means the day on which the writer wrote.
8:10 qah8 It came about that 0 This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
8:12 y9ry rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person Yahweh has said … darkness 0 Solomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects Yahweh.
8:15 qg1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive May Yahweh, the God of Israel, be praised 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh, the God of Israel”
8:15 yw9f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy with his own hands 0 The hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate translation: “by his own power”
8:16 b9uh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in order for my name to be 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “so that people would worship me”
8:17 kpv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor it was in the heart of David my father 0 What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “David my father desired”
8:17 jsu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the name of Yahweh 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh”
8:18 tr7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor In that it was in your heart 0 What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “Because you desired”
8:18 ixj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for my name 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship me”
8:18 fu1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor for it to be in your heart 0 What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “to desire to do that” or “by wanting to do that”
8:19 n4x3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive one who will be born from your loins 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “one who will be your own offspring” or “one whom you yourself will father”
8:20 j7v7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom has carried out the word that he had said 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “has done exactly what he said he would do”
8:20 kuf2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I have arisen in the place of David my father 0 Height is a metaphor for power. Alternate translation: “I have gained the power that David my father had”
8:20 j2e5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I sit on the throne of Israel 0 The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “I rule over Israel”
8:20 n57n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the name of Yahweh 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship Yahweh”
8:21 ts1y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy is Yahweh’s covenant, which 0 The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that”
8:23 zb47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns who keeps his covenant faithfulness with your servants 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “who faithfully loves your servants” or “who is faithful to your covenant with your servants”
8:23 vza1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk before you with all their heart 0 The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to”
8:24 zl94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy fulfilled it with your hand 0 The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: “by your power fulfilled what you said”
8:25 u5vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to sit on the throne of Israel 0 The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “to rule over Israel”
8:25 k2lb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk before me … have walked before me 0 The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to … have lived as I want you to”
8:27 ke8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion But will God actually live on the earth? 0 Possible meanings of this question are: (1) Solomon is asking a real question and expecting an answer or (2) the question is rhetorical and Solomon is emphasizing that God is too big and mighty to live on earth. Alternate translation: “But it surely cannot be that God will actually live on the earth!”
8:27 lex3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person But will God 0 Here Solomon speaks about God in the third person. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “But will you”
8:27 dxu6 Look 0 Alternate translation: “What I am about to say is important” or “The truth is that”
8:27 b6jr you—how much less can this temple that I have built 0 Alternate translation: “you, so this temple that I have built certainly cannot contain you”
8:28 nl5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet respect this prayer of your servant and his request 0 The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “respect me, your servant, as I make this request” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
8:28 ucf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet listen to the cry and prayer that your servant prays before you today 0 The words “cry” and “prayer” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he asks Yahweh to help him. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to me, your servant, as I call today for you to help me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
8:29 u4id rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy May your eyes be open toward 0 The eye is a metonym for what the eye does. Alternate translation: “May you watch over”
8:29 p7b4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism night and day 0 This is a merism. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “continually”
8:29 vwt1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet My name and my presence 0 These two words together emphasize that Yahweh will dwell in the temple.
8:29 icv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person that your servant will pray 0 Solomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “that I, your servant, will pray”
8:30 qx3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person listen to the request of your servant and of your people Israel 0 Solomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to my request and the request of your people Israel”
8:31 wv6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive is required to swear 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone requires him to swear”
8:32 mt2d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche upon his own head 0 Here “head” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “on him”
8:33 sjq6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive your people Israel are defeated by an enemy 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an enemy defeats your people Israel”
8:33 kus8 confess your name 0 This could mean: (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.”
8:33 axr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns request forgiveness from you 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **forgiveness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “ask you to forgive them”
8:35 ij63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the skies are shut up and there is no rain 0 The sky is spoken of as if it were a building in which God stores the rain. Alternate translation: “you do not allow rain to fall”
8:35 gf9v confess your name 0 This could mean: (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 8:33](../08/33.md).
8:36 uz9g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in which they should walk 0 The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “that they should live”
8:37 e7f8 blight or mildew 0 These are agricultural terms that refer to the death of crops from either too little or too much rain, respectively.
8:37 c2vc locusts or caterpillars 0 A “locust” is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word “caterpillar” refers to an early growth stage of the locust.
8:38 li44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet prayers and requests 0 The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the person is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “requests”
8:38 kwn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor knowing the plague in his own heart 0 This could mean: (1) The person’s sin is spoken of as if it were a plague. Alternate translation: “knowing the sin in his own heart” or (2) The “plague” is a metonym for the sins that the disasters are a punishment for. Alternate translation: “knowing in his heart that the plague is the result of his own sin” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8:43 vt9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive this house I have built is called by your name 0 The phrase “is called by your name” shows that God possesses and owns the house. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you own this house that I have built”
8:44 ha7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo Suppose that your people go out … suppose that they pray 0 When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future.
8:44 vjp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for your name 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you”
8:45 d6n5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet their prayer and their request 0 The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “their request”
8:46 d9cq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo Suppose that they sin … suppose that you are 0 When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future.
8:47 rbr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo suppose that they realize … suppose that they repent … Suppose that they say 0 When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future.
8:47 d7fu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive where they have been exiled 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where their enemies have taken them as exiles”
8:47 lcn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism We have acted perversely and sinned. We have behaved wickedly 0 These two sentences mean the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the people’s actions were.
8:47 gh66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet acted perversely and sinned 0 The words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the people sinned.
8:48 qbv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo Suppose that they return … suppose that they pray 0 When Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future.
8:48 mf4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with all their heart and with all their soul 0 The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
8:48 ha3w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for your name 0 The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you”
8:49 m5gj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet their prayer and their request 0 The two words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that the people were sincere as they made their request to Yahweh. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md).
8:50 k51r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Forgive your people who have sinned against you, and all their transgressions that they have committed against you 0 Solomon twice requests Yahweh to forgive the people. This emphasizes the earnestness of his request.
8:51 lr1a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive a furnace where iron is forged 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a furnace where people forge iron”
8:52 e39q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche May your eyes be open 0 The eye is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “Please pay attention”
8:54 u3p4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet prayer and request 0 The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “request”
8:56 js9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive May Yahweh be praised 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh”
8:56 vk99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes Not one word has failed out of all Yahweh’s good promises 0 This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has made every word of his good promises come true”
8:57 ff12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet leave us or forsake us 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Solomon’s desire for Yahweh to be present with the people.
8:58 pqz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy incline our hearts to him 0 Here their “hearts” refer to the people’s desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate translation: “make us want to please him” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8:58 k5k5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom live in all his ways 0 Here “in his ways” is an idiom that refers to the way he wants people to live. Alternate translation: “live as he requires us to live”
8:59 n37s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism day and night 0 This merism refers to “all the time” or “continually.”
8:61 ke8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk in his statutes 0 The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “always obey his statutes”
8:62 bs3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all Israel with him 0 This generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel.
8:63 id7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all the people of Israel 0 This generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel.
8:64 yz15 the bronze altar that was before Yahweh 0 “the bronze altar that was in Yahweh’s presence.” Since the temple is Yahweh’s dwelling place among his people, the altar is described as being in his presence.
8:65 k9ax rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all Israel with him 0 This generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:62](./62.md).
8:65 reb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven days … seven days … fourteen days 0 “7 days … 7 days … 14 days”
8:66 cs8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal eighth day 0 The word “eighth” is the ordinal form of “8.”
8:66 nja5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet joyful and glad 0 The two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
9:intro iy5f 0 # 1 Kings 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThere are two parts to this chapter. Verses 1–9 is a dream in which God warned Solomon that he and his descendants were not to worship idols. If they did this, the temple would be destroyed. Verses 10–28 is about Solomon’s extensive building and his partnership with Hiram, king of Tyre. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Worship only Yahweh\n\nYahweh alone must be worshiped. It is necessary for people to stay faithful to God and not worship idols. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\n‘Walk” is a common image in Scripture. It is said, “if you walk before me as David your father walked.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/walk]])
9:3 f3hf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet your prayer and your request 0 The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh recognized that Solomon’s request was sincere. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “your request”
9:3 a6as rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to put my name there forever 0 The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “to dwell there and to claim possession of it forever”
9:3 hnx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche My eyes and my heart will be there 0 The eyes and heart are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “I will protect and care for it”
9:4 h1h9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor if you walk before me as David your father walked 0 The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “if you live the way I want you to live, just as David your father did”
9:4 v4jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet in integrity of heart and in uprightness 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how righteous David was.
9:5 gx58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the throne of your kingdom 0 Here “throne” refers to his reign. Alternate translation: “your dynasty” or “your reign”
9:5 yq42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy will never fail to be on the throne of Israel 0 The action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “will always rule over Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
9:6 rn8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet my commandments and my statutes 0 Here the words “commandments” and “statutes” mean basically the same thing and emphasize all that Yahweh has commanded.
9:6 h58e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism worship other gods and bow down to them 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
9:7 jc4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set apart to my name 0 Here the word “name” is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Alternate translation: “set apart for myself”
9:7 s96h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I will cast it out of my sight 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sight**, you can express the same idea with the verb “see.” Looking at something is a metaphor for protecting it. Alternate translation: “I will put it where I no longer have to see it” or “I will get rid of it so I no longer have to protect it” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9:8 r7b8 This temple will become a heap of ruins 0 Alternate translation: “This temple will be destroyed and its remains will be piled into a high mound”
9:8 i5gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive will be shocked and will hiss 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will express amazement and make a sound of disrespect”
9:9 dng9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism bowed down to them and worshiped them 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to them” describes the posture that people used in worship.
9:10 ug4u It came about 0 This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way of doing this, you could consider using it here.
9:10 h3xz at the end of twenty years 0 Alternate translation: “after 20 years”
9:10 f22q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Solomon had finished building 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this.
9:13 vnk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What cities are these which you have given me, my brother? 0 Hiram is rebuking Solomon. This questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These cities that you have given me are good for nothing.”
9:13 g2mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive which they are still called today 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and people still call them that today”
9:14 ppd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 120 talents of gold 0 “one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
9:16 g237 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up 0 The person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up”
9:17 u6mz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche So Solomon rebuilt Gezer 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this.
9:24 yuq9 built the Millo 0 This could mean: (1) “built the terrace system” or (2) “built the landfill.” See how you translated “the Millo” in [1 Kings 9:15](../09/15.md).
9:25 z3be altar that was before Yahweh 0 See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 8:64](../08/64.md).
9:25 yqb6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy So he completed the temple 0 Solomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate translation: “So his workers completed the temple”
9:26 k7ed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche King Solomon built 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this.
9:28 sv65 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 420 talents of gold 0 “four hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 14,000 kilograms of gold” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
10:intro abca 0 # 1 Kings 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThere are two parts to this chapter: The fame of Solomon’s wisdom and the wealth of his kingdom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Queen of Sheba\n\nKing Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day Yemen) came all the way to see him and was deeply impressed. God promised him great wealth and he became famously rich. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
10:1 ll43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon’s fame concerning the name of Yahweh 0 Here Yahweh is represented by his “name.” This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “Solomon’s fame, which glorified Yahweh” or (2) Alternate translation: “Solomon’s fame, which Yahweh had given him”
10:2 ktj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all that was in her heart 0 This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “everything she wanted to know”
10:6 jsh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys your words and your wisdom 0 Here the word “wisdom” can describe the word “words.” Alternate translation: “your wise sayings”
10:7 w8cg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy my eyes have seen it 0 The phrase “my eyes” emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: “I have seen it for myself”
10:7 eha5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Not half was told me about your wisdom and wealth 0 This can be stated without the passive form. Alternate translation: “They did not tell me about even half of your wisdom and wealth” or “You are much more wise and wealthy than what they told me”
10:8 p6v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom who constantly stand before you 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “who are always in your presence waiting to serve you”
10:9 jp39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive May Yahweh your God be praised 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May people praise Yahweh your God”
10:9 vgv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who placed you on the throne of Israel 0 The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: “who made you king of Israel”
10:10 nkd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 120 talents of gold 0 “one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
10:10 qy6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive No greater amount of spices … was ever given to him again 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one ever again gave to King Solomon more spices than the queen of Sheba gave to him”
10:11 ss8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown almug wood 0 a type of wood, possibly one with a pleasant scent
10:12 w9a9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The king made 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The king told his people to make”
10:12 k51b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive or been seen again 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nor has anyone ever seen such a great quantity again”
10:13 k6r5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism everything she wished for, whatever she asked 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
10:14 wr4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 666 talents of gold 0 “six hundred sixty-six.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “almost 22,000 kilograms of gold” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
10:16 ur9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche King Solomon made 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “King Solomon’s men made”
10:16 dc4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers two hundred large shields 0 “200 large shields”
10:16 qcy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight Six hundred shekels of gold 0 A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “About 6.6 kilograms of gold” or “Six and one half kilograms of gold”
10:16 eu65 Six hundred shekels 0 Because the word “shekels” does not appear here in the Hebrew text, some modern versions assume instead the unit of bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms.
10:17 zp6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche He also made 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The king’s men also made”
10:17 x89d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers three hundred shields 0 “300 shields”
10:17 x1m1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight Three minas of gold 0 A mina is a unit of weight equal to about 550 grams. Alternate translation: “About 1.7 kilograms of gold” or “One and three-quarters kilograms of gold”
10:17 ii47 the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon 0 “the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md).
10:18 rq21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the king made 0 It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped the king do this. Alternate translation: “the king’s men made”
10:18 bcw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown throne of ivory 0 Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals.
10:21 ky1i the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon 0 “the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md).
10:22 b4zx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ivory 0 Ivory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 10:18](../10/18.md).
10:22 qu73 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown apes and baboons 0 These animals live wild in Africa. At the ends of their four limbs are what look like human hands and feet, and they have long tails. Some people consider baboons a type of ape.
10:24 d3dl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole All the earth 0 This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “People from everywhere” or “People from many different places”
10:24 a1m3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy sought the presence of Solomon 0 The presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate translation: “sought an audience with Solomon” or “wanted to visit Solomon”
10:24 en9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart 0 The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. Here, **wisdom** is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “to hear his wisdom, which God had given him” or “to hear how wise God had enabled him to be” or “to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak”
10:26 d168 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 1,400 chariots and twelve thousand horsemen 0 “one thousand four hundred chariots and 12,000 horsemen”
10:27 hi32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole The king had silver in Jerusalem, as much as the stones on the ground 0 The narrator uses exaggeration to emphasize the great amount of silver that was in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “The king had so much silver in Jerusalem, it was like there was as much silver as there was stones on the ground”
10:28 qm3h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive were imported from Egypt 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that his merchants had bought from people in Egypt”
10:28 hmd8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kue 0 This is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in Asia Minor.
10:29 a9id rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Chariots were purchased 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His merchants purchased chariots”
10:29 m334 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight six hundred shekels of silver & 150 shekels 0 A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 6.6 kilograms of silver … about 1.7 kilograms”
10:29 z3uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers six hundred shekels of silver 0 “600 shekels of silver”
10:29 e5bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Many of these were then sold 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His merchants then sold many of these”
11:intro abcb 0 # 1 Kings 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the end of the story of Solomon. (Chapters 1–11)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Intermarriage with Gentiles\n\nGod had told the people of Israel in Moses’s law never to marry women from the Gentile nations. But Solomon married many women from Gentile countries. This was because their religious beliefs would negatively affect Israel. Solomon, the wisest man, became a fool and his wives persuaded him to worship foolish idols. God became angry and warned he would take away 10 tribes from the kingdom of his son. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
11:1 i6y4 Now King Solomon 0 The word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line where the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
11:1 rz6n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites 0 These are names of people groups.
11:2 u5n2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy turn your heart to their gods 0 To “turn someone’s heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate translation: “persuade you to worship the gods that they worship” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11:3 pv2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines 0 “700 royal wives and 300 concubines”
11:3 l6qf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit turned his heart away 0 To “turn someone’s heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: “turned his heart away from Yahweh” or “persuaded him to stop worshiping Yahweh” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11:4 d7qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his heart was not fully surrendered … as was the heart of David 0 To “surrender” your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “he was not fully devoted … as was David”
11:5 u9if rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ashtoreth … Molech 0 These are the names of false gods.
11:5 pjt2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Sidonians 0 This is the name of a people group.
11:5 ucx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names he followed Molech 0 Some version render this as “Milcom.”
11:6 irv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someone’s opinion. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil”
11:7 tm2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Chemosh … Molech 0 These are the names of false gods.
11:9 c133 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom his heart had turned away from him 0 The words “his heart had turned” refer to his having changed allegiance and affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: “Solomon had stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11:11 xd9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor tear the kingdom from you 0 To “tear from” is to forcefully remove. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom from you”
11:12 d4rp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the hand of your son 0 The word “hand” refers to control, authority and power. Alternate translation: “your son’s control”
11:14 gu9w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hadad 0 This is the name of a man.
11:16 gn6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Joab and all Israel 0 The words “all Israel” refer to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Joab and all of the Israelite army”
11:17 dd34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive But Hadad was taken with other Edomites by his father’s servants 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “But the servants of Hadad’s father took him with other Edomites”
11:18 g3dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Midian … Paran … Egypt 0 These are the names of places.
11:19 vy6v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Tahpenes 0 This is the name of a woman.
11:20 cu24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Tahpenes 0 This is the name of a woman.
11:20 kna5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Hadad … Genubath 0 These are names of men.
11:21 ub66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism David had lain down with his ancestors 0 This is a polite way of saying David was dead. Alternate translation: “David had died”
11:23 gw5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Rezon … Eliada … Hadadezer 0 These are names of men.
11:23 nuu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zobah 0 This is the name of a location.
11:24 g294 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zobah … Damascus 0 These are names of locations.
11:24 xw9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche when David defeated 0 Here “David” refers to David and his army. Alternate translation: “when David’s army overcame”
11:25 c11u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Aram 0 This is the name of a location.
11:26 my6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jeroboam … Nebat 0 These are names of men.
11:26 p4a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zeredah 0 This is the name of a location.
11:26 dp3d rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zeruah 0 This is the name of a woman.
11:26 t72j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy lifted up his hand against the king 0 The word “hand” refers to authority, power and control. The phrase “lifted up against” refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate translation: “rebelled against the king” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11:28 xb54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the labor 0 The word “labor” refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for his government. This is a metonym.
11:28 hea7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Joseph 0 This refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym.
11:29 ijr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ahijah 0 This is the name of a man.
11:29 e5f2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shilonite 0 The Shilonites are a people group.
11:31 zw4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor tear the kingdom out 0 Here “tear … out” is a metaphor that refers to the action of forcefully removing. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:11](../11/11.md). Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom out”
11:31 ei9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the hand of Solomon 0 Here “hand” is a metonym that refers to a person’s authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “Solomon’s control”
11:32 m8js rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Solomon will have 0 The name “Solomon” here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate translation: “Solomon’s sons will have” or “Solomon’s descendants will have”
11:33 f1ie rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ashtoreth … Chemosh … Molech 0 These are the names of false gods.
11:33 wij3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Sidonians … Moab … Ammon 0 These are the names of locations and the people groups that live there.
11:33 ebs4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy what is right in my eyes 0 “Eyes” here is a metonym for someone’s opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate translation: “what I consider to be right” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11:34 e7rw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of Solomon’s hand 0 Here the word “hand” is a metonym that refers to a person’s authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “out of Solomon’s control”
11:36 nvf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy may always have a lamp before me 0 The word “lamp” is a metonym that refers to a person’s influence and guidance. Alternate translation: “will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with David’s family”
11:38 z9vj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy what is right in my eyes 0 The word “eyes” here is a metonym for someone’s opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:33](../11/33.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11:38 zk8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor build you a sure house 0 The clause “build a house” is a metaphor for establishing descendants from that time on. Alternate translation: “establish for you a lasting kingdom”
11:40 m9v1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shishak 0 This is the name of a man.
11:41 cf3z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of Solomon? 0 This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “you can find them in the book of the events of Solomon.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
11:43 wer1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He slept with his ancestors and he was buried 0 The clause “slept with his ancestors” is a metaphor that expresses as a euphemism the death of a person in more gentle words. Alternate translation: “He died and he was buried with his ancestors” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
11:43 ttg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he was buried 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him”
12:intro abcc 0 # 1 Kings 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Civil war\n\nThis chapter explains how the united kingdom of Israel was split into the two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. This is sometimes called a “civil war.”\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Israel splits\n\nGod’s warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]])\n\n### Jeroboam introduces calf worship\n\nJeroboam made a terrible mistake. He was afraid that if the people continued to go to Jerusalem to worship in the temple, they would want to return to Rehoboam as their king. So he made two shrines with calves made of gold for the people to worship. This eventually caused the destruction of his whole family. The kingdom of Israel continued worshiping the idols until they were taken slaves by the Assyrians. The northern tribes were unable to truly worship Yahweh without going to Jerusalem in the kingdom of Judah.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe people used the metaphor of “yoke” for oppressive government: “Your father made our yoke difficult. Now then, make your father’s hard work easier, and lighten the heavy yoke that he put on us.” But Rehoboam promised to increase their oppression with three metaphors: “My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist. So now, although my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
12:1 rer8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche all Israel was coming 0 Here “Israel” represents all the men of Israel capable of fighting. Here “all Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel were coming” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
12:2 kgj5 It happened that 0 This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
12:4 nt4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor made our yoke heavy 0 A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. Alternate translation: “treated us cruelly” or “forced us to work very hard”
12:6 b1cu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the old men who had stood before Solomon 0 To “stand before” is an idiom for serving the king in his presence. Alternate translation: “the old men who counseled Solomon” or “the old men who attended to Solomon”
12:9 w13a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Lighten the yoke that your father put on us 0 To “lighten the yoke” is a metaphor to represent lifting of the burden. Alternate translation: “Do not treat us as cruelly as your father did” or “Do not force us to work as hard as your father did”
12:10 f3lx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist 0 This metaphor means that Rehoboam is more cruel and intimidating than his father. Alternate translation: “What I will do to make your burden heavier is much more than what my father put on you”
12:11 p1d4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions 0 This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment”
12:11 y1yh punish you with scorpions 0 The word **scorpions** may refer to: (1) a whip with sharp metal barbs on the end or (2) a spider-like creature that has a poisonous sting.
12:14 akf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor burdened you with a heavy yoke 0 A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 12:4](../12/04.md). Alternate translation: “treated you cruelly” or “forced you to work very hard”
12:14 m7vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions 0 This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 12:11](../12/11.md). Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment”
12:15 tz7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom it was a turn of events brought about by Yahweh 0 This is an idiom and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused things to happen like this” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12:15 k3cf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom his word that he had spoken by Ahijah … to Jeroboam 0 The idiom “had spoken by” someone refers to giving someone a message to tell others.
12:15 cf34 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ahijah … Jeroboam … Nebat 0 These are the names of men.
12:15 e3ze rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shilonite 0 This is the name of a people group from the town of Shiloh.
12:16 xhj1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche all Israel 0 Here “Israel” represents all he men of Israel capable of fighting. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
12:16 k5yx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What share do we have in David? 0 “Share” here is a metonym meaning a part, involvement, or interest. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “We will have no part in the family of David.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12:16 b5fl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse 0 “Son of Jesse” here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. “Inheritance” is a metonym for the part left for these people from David’s successes. Alternate translation: “We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse”
12:16 u1a1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Go to your tents, Israel 0 “Tents” here is a metonym representing a person’s place of residence. Alternate translation: “Go to your homes, people of Israel”
12:16 l1mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Now see to your own house, David 0 “House” here is a metonym for David’s lineage of power and prestige. Alternate translation: “Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David”
12:18 qw63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Adoniram 0 This is the name of a man.
12:18 nf44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all Israel 0 Here “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were there” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
12:19 e9fg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of David 0 Here “house” is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David”
12:19 wki7 to this day 0 “ever since that time.” This refers to the time that the writer was actually writing this.
12:20 ek8h It happened that 0 This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
12:20 xsq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche when all Israel heard 0 “All Israel” here is a generalization that means the capable men of Israel who represent the rest of the people by a synecdoche. Alternate translation: “when all the leaders of Israel heard” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
12:20 q57f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit king over all Israel 0 “Israel” implicitly means the northern ten tribes that rebelled against Rehoboam. Alternate translation: “king over all of the 10 tribes of Israel”
12:21 bcr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin 0 Here “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here “tribe” refers specifically to the soldiers from those tribes. Alternate translation: “all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin”
12:21 va9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of Israel 0 Here “house” represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Israel” or “the people of the northern tribes of Israel”
12:22 lz9d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of God came … it said 0 This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: “God spoke this message … and he said” or “God spoke these words … and he said”
12:22 bf83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shemaiah 0 This is the name of a man.
12:22 t1dq the man of God 0 The expression “man of God” is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the man who belongs to God” or “the prophet of God”
12:23 v1cq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the house of Judah and Benjamin 0 Here “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate translation: “all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin”
12:24 s1c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet your brothers the people of Israel 0 The words “brothers” and “people of Israel” are a doublet that refer to the men of the ten northern tribes and emphasize the family relationship between them and the tribes of Judah and Benjamin.
12:24 kwz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive for this thing has been made to happen by me 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have made this thing happen”
12:26 ul7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy thought in his heart 0 “Heart” here is a metonym for a person’s inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate translation: “thought to himself”
12:26 ek8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the house of David 0 Here “house” is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David”
12:27 jw8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the heart of these people 0 “Heart” here is a metonym for the people’s allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “the allegiance of these people”
12:27 vzl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism turn again to their master, to Rehoboam king of Judah … return to Rehoboam king of Judah 0 These phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize Jeroboam’s fear that the people would turn again to Rehoboam as king.
12:28 aag1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy brought you up 0 “You” here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate translation: “brought your ancestors up”
12:31 mi56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Jeroboam made houses on high places 0 The workers who did this at Jeroboam’s commands are represented by the metonym of the name of Jeroboam himself. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam’s workers made houses on high places”
12:31 d1nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit houses on high places 0 The implied information is that these were houses of worship. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on high places”
12:32 t9dt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month 0 This is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of November on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on the fifteenth day of the eighth month” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
12:32 f8e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom went up to the altar 0 “Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar”
12:33 t8tb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom went up to the altar 0 “Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar”
13:intro abcd 0 # 1 Kings 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two parts: The young prophet’s warning to Jeroboam (1–10) and the old prophet’s deception (11–34). (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Obeying God\n\nPeople should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them is God’s will for them. The story of the young prophet and the old prophet is an example of this. (See:[[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]])
13:1 xe5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit A man of God came out of Judah by the word of Yahweh to Bethel 0 The implied information is that Yahweh sent the man of God to Bethel. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent a man of God from Judah to Bethel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13:2 j9hb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom cried against the altar 0 This means he prophesied toward the altar in a loud and condemning voice. Alternate translation: “prophesied loudly toward the altar”
13:2 b5kx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe Altar, altar 0 The prophet spoke to the altar as if it were a person who could hear him. He said this twice for emphasis. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
13:2 xz9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a son named Josiah will be born to the family of David 0 Here the “family of David” refers to the descendants of David. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David will have a son named Josiah” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13:3 z5ty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the altar will be split apart, and the ashes on it will be poured out 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will split the altar apart and the ashes on it will fall to the ground”
13:4 vle1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the hand with which he had reached out against the man dried up 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh dried up the hand with which he had reached out against the man”
13:5 pg6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The altar was also split apart 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh also split the altar apart”
13:5 r5aa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as described by the sign that the man of God had given by the word of Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the man of God had described by the word of Yahweh as a sign”
13:6 y2ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Plead for the favor of Yahweh your God 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **favor**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Plead that Yahweh your God may favor me”
13:6 mlb5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive my hand may be restored to me again 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may restore my hand”
13:6 whk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the king’s hand was restored to him again, and it became as it was before 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh restored the king’s hand and made it as it was before”
13:7 hp7c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns Come home with me and refresh yourself 0 The word “yourself” is a reflexive pronoun. Alternate translation: “Come home with me and eat some food”
13:8 m4ns half your possessions 0 Alternate translation: “half of your house”
13:9 cz7l You will eat no bread nor drink water, nor return by the way that you came 0 Alternate translation: “Do not eat bread, drink water, or return by the way that you came”
13:10 zph8 left another way 0 Alternate translation: “went a different way”
13:12 ujg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit his sons had seen the way 0 The implied information is that the sons also told their father which way the man of God went.
13:17 lc3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive it was commanded to me by the word of Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded me by his word”
13:20 jm5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit As they sat at the table 0 The implied information is that they were still eating and drinking at the table. Alternate translation: “As they were eating and drinking at the table”
13:20 gh86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came to the prophet 0 The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to the prophet” or “Yahweh spoke this message to the prophet”
13:21 t7yr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom came from Judah, saying, “Yahweh 0 The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” in the previous verse is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “came from Judah. He said, ‘Yahweh” or “came from Judah: ‘Yahweh”
13:21 ka7n he cried to the man of God 0 Alternate translation: “the prophet spoke loudly to the man of God”
13:21 c5k8 Because you have been disobedient to the word of Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “Because you have not obeyed the word of Yahweh”
13:23 yg23 the prophet saddled the donkey 0 This means he placed a seat on the back of the donkey so the man of God could ride on it. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 13:13](../13/13.md).
13:24 cs7d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his body was left on the road 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “left his body on the road”
13:24 b5wa his body 0 Alternate translation: “his dead body”
13:25 sim2 they came and told it 0 Here “it” refers to what they had seen on the road. Alternate translation: “they came and told about what they had seen”
13:28 im6s the body 0 Alternate translation: “the dead body of the man of God”
13:28 s3e9 left in the road 0 Alternate translation: “lying in the road”
13:29 f12j took up 0 Alternate translation: “lifted up”
13:29 v8rd the body 0 Alternate translation: “the dead body”
13:30 m79y they mourned 0 Here the word “they” refers to the prophet and his sons.
13:30 s4c8 Woe, my brother! 0 The word “Woe” here is an expression of great sorrow.
13:31 mwf5 he had buried him 0 Here the word “he” refers to the old prophet and the word “him” refers to the man of God.
13:31 h3ms rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Lay my bones beside his bones 0 Here “my bones” represents his entire body. Alternate translation: “Lay my dead body beside his bones”
13:32 cl38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit houses on the high places 0 The implied information is that these were houses of worship. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on the high places”
13:34 u6v6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive This matter became sin to the family of Jeroboam 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam’s family sinned by doing this thing”
13:34 ab53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive caused his family to be destroyed and to be exterminated 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because of this God destroyed and exterminated Jeroboam’s family”
13:34 p7vm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet to be destroyed and to be exterminated 0 These mean nearly the same thing. Alternate translation: “to be completely destroyed”
14:intro abce 0 # 1 Kings 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboam’s son (1–18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20–31).\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The death of Jeroboam’s son\nGod knows the truth; it is useless to try to fool God’s prophet. Jeroboam’s son became sick; so the king sent his wife, disguised as a common woman, to the prophet. The prophet was blind, but when Jeroboam’s wife arrived he told her, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam.” He also told her that her son would die and that all of Jeroboam’s family would be killed, because he had caused Israel to worship the golden calves. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n### Rehoboam’s reign\nWhen Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began to worship the fertility goddess, Ashtoreth, and to do many evil things, they had to give all of their wealth to the king of Egypt to persuade him not to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
14:2 dqs3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive you will not be recognized 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will recognize you”
14:5 j3d5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns coming to seek advice from you 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **advice**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “coming to ask you to advise her”
14:5 yfs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Say such and such to her 0 The words “such and such” mean that Yahweh told Ahijah what to say. Alternate translation: “Speak in this way to her”
14:6 ua5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why do you pretend to be someone you are not? 0 This question shows that Ahijah knew she was disguised. Alternate translation: “Stop pretending to be someone else; I know who you are.”
14:6 d37a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I have been sent to you with bad news 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told me to give you bad news”
14:8 dpr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I tore the kingdom away 0 God forcefully removed most of the kingdom like a person tears a piece of cloth.
14:8 gar7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy with all his heart 0 Here the “heart” refers to a person’s will and desire. Alternate translation: “with all his will” or “with complete commitment”
14:8 q6zi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was right in my eyes 0 The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what I judged to be right” or “what I considered to be right”
14:9 u58x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor thrust me behind your back 0 Jeroboam has disrespected Yahweh like a person throws away something that is not wanted. Alternate translation: “completely rejected me”
14:10 fi6e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I will cut off … and will completely remove 0 These two phrases are very similar in meaning and are repeated for emphasis.
14:10 yn7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor cut off from you every male child in Israel 0 Yahweh speaks of destroying Jeroboam’s family and preventing him from having any descendants as if he were cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel”
14:10 zd2e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile will completely remove your family, like someone who burns up dung until it is gone 0 This simile compares the removal of every descendant of Jeroboam with the complete burning up of dung that was mixed with straw, dried, and burned for fuel.
14:11 e4g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Anyone who belongs to your family who dies in the city will be eaten by dogs 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat anyone who belongs to your family and who dies in the city”
14:11 vp8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive anyone who dies in the field will be eaten by the birds of the heavens 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the birds of the heavens will eat anyone who dies in the field”
14:12 nm7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche when your feet enter the city 0 The word “feet” here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “when you enter the city”
14:13 pc5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole All Israel 0 This is a generalization that means the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelite people”
14:13 y175 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy out of Jeroboam’s house 0 The word “house” here is a metonym for “family.” Alternate translation: “in all of Jeroboam’s family”
14:13 g2na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor was anything good found in the sight of Yahweh, the God of Israel 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “did Yahweh, the God of Israel, find anything he judged to be good” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14:14 j5k3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor cut off the family of Jeroboam 0 The writer speaks of the new king of Israel destroying Jeroboam’s family and preventing him from having any descendants like one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy the descendants of Jeroboam”
14:15 li45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Yahweh will attack Israel as a reed is shaken in the water 0 The writer here uses a simile to express how Yahweh will bring judgment on the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will attack the people of Israel as a reed is shaken in the water”
14:15 ul1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as a reed is shaken in the water 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like a river of water shakes a reed”
14:15 fha5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he will root up Israel out of this good land 0 Yahweh compares Israel with a plant that he will tear out of the ground by its roots. Alternate translation: “he will remove the people of Israel from this good land”
14:17 w3yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Tirzah 0 This is the name of the city where king Jeroboam lived.
14:18 tt3k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole All Israel buried him and mourned for him 0 This is a generalization that means the people of Israel buried him and mourned for him. Alternate translation: “A great number of the people of Israel were present when people buried him, and the people of Israel mourned for him”
14:18 h95x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive just as it was told to them by the word of Yahweh 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh told them”
14:19 z8ib rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive they are written in 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can find them written in” or “someone has written about them in”
14:20 srn1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty-two years 0 “22 years”
14:20 wjl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor slept with his ancestors 0 Jeroboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
14:21 q3tp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty-one years old … seventeen years 0 “41 years old … 17 years”
14:21 j1gb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in which to put his name 0 Here “put his name” is a metonym for “dwell” and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate translation: “in which to dwell” or “in which to be worshiped”
14:21 g2ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Naamah 0 This is a woman’s name.
14:22 gl83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Judah did 0 Here “Judah” represents the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah did”
14:22 x9gx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The “sight” of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil”
14:22 v839 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns they provoked him to jealousy 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **jealousy**, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “they made him jealous”
14:23 chb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy built for themselves 0 The words “for themselves” are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate translation: “built for their own use” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
14:23 m593 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole on every high hill and under every green tree 0 This is likely to be an exaggeration that indicates there were many places like these for false worship all over the country. Alternate translation: “on the high hills and under the green trees”
14:24 k9ye cultic prostitutes 0 “religious prostitutes” or “male prostitutes.” This probably refers to male prostitutes who were associated with idol worship.
14:24 sd6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the same despicable practices as the nations that 0 Here the word “nations” represents the people in those nations. Alternate translation: “the same disgusting things that the people did, whom”
14:25 bd5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit in the fifth year of King Rehoboam 0 This refers to the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign as king. Alternate translation: “in the fifth year that Rehoboam was king”
14:25 r9et rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal in the fifth year 0 “in year 5”
14:25 ims7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem 0 “Shishak king of Egypt” represents himself along with the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “Shishak king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem”
14:25 gj7w rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shishak 0 This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:40](../11/40.md).
14:25 ly55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom came up against 0 This is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: “came to attack”
14:26 e4q1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole He took everything away 0 This is a generalization that indicates every valuable thing that could be found was taken away. Alternate translation: “He took away many valuable things”
14:26 ft41 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche He took 0 The word “He” represents Shishak and the soldiers who were with him. Alternate translation: “Shishak and his army took”
14:26 h6p9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy that Solomon had made 0 Here “Solomon” refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate translation: “that Solomon had his workers make”
14:27 q3ge rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy King Rehoboam made shields 0 Here “King Rehoboam” represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate translation: “King Rehoboam’s workers made shields”
14:27 xtu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy entrusted them into the hands of the commanders 0 Here “hands” represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: “made them the responsibility of the commanders”
14:27 wwb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who guarded the doors to the king’s house 0 Here “doors” represents the entrance. Alternate translation: “who guarded the entrance to the king’s house”
14:29 p36w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
14:30 cq7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche warfare between Rehoboam and Jeroboam 0 The names of the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam fought in battle again and again” or “Rehoboam and his people and Jeroboam and his people engaged in battle continually”
14:31 jkz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor slept with his ancestors 0 Rehoboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
14:31 njq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was buried with them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him”
14:31 pki8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Naamah 0 This is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:21](../14/21.md).
14:31 xgz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Rehoboam”
15:intro abcf 0 # 1 Kings 15 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nJudah had some bad kings and some good kings. All of the kings in Israel continued to worship the golden calves, so they were all considered to be bad. Judah and Israel continually fought each other.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “But the shrines were not taken away.”\nAt the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah’s reign, it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
15:1 ms3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit In the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam son of Nebat 0 This refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboam’s reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost eighteen years”
15:1 njh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers In the eighteenth year 0 “In year 18”
15:3 hlc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He walked in all the sins 0 Walking represents living, and walking in sins represents committing those sins. Alternate translation: “Abijah continued to practice all the sins”
15:3 cm11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit that his father had committed before his time 0 Since these verses refer to several kings, it may help to include the name of Abijah’s father. This information can be made clear. AT “that his father, Rehoboam, had committed before Abijah’s time”
15:3 v4ps rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit his time 0 This phrase represents the time that he was king. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “before Abijah was king”
15:3 p8rm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche his heart was not devoted … as the heart of David 0 The heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Abijah was not devoted … as David”
15:4 qbs7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor gave him a lamp in Jerusalem 0 The word “lamp” here represents a descendant who would be king as David was. Alternate translation: “gave David a descendant to rule in Jerusalem”
15:5 al5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was right in his eyes 0 The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right”
15:5 z4w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he had not turned away from anything that he commanded him 0 Turning away from a command represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “David did not disobey anything that God commanded him”
15:5 w6dj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit except only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite 0 This is a general way to refer to the situation with Uriah. It can be stated more clearly what this matter was. Alternate translation: “except for what he did to Uriah the Hittite” or “except when he caused Uriah the Hittite to be killed”
15:6 n25z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche between Rehoboam and Jeroboam 0 These kings represent themselves and their armies. Rehoboam was Abijah’s father. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam”
15:7 sm1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.”
15:7 s4gi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.”
15:7 yd6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche between Abijah and Jeroboam 0 The names “Abijah” and “Jeroboam” represent the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Abijah and Jeroboam”
15:8 p4ez rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Abijah slept with his ancestors 0 In this euphemism, sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Abijah died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Abaijah died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
15:8 mnv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Abijah”
15:9 s2q2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit In the twentieth year of Jeroboam king of Israel 0 This refers to the twentieth year of Jeroboam’s reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost twenty years”
15:9 ijk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers In the twentieth year 0 “In year 20”
15:10 u261 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers forty-one years 0 “41 years”
15:11 yb2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was right in the eyes of Yahweh 0 The eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Asa’s actions. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right”
15:12 vv3y the cultic prostitutes 0 This probably refers to prostitutes who were associated with idol worship and who were all men. Alternate translation: “religious prostitutes” or “the prostitutes who worked for idols” or “male prostitutes”
15:13 mg96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Asa cut down the disgusting figure 0 Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate translation: “Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down” or “Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure”
15:14 r4zr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive But the high places were not taken away 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But Asa did not command the people to take away the high places”
15:14 s4gj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Asa’s heart was completely devoted 0 The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: “Asa was completely devoted”
15:16 tn4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit all their days 0 This refers to the entire time they reigned as kings. Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel”
15:17 sg29 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit built up Ramah 0 It is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “captured and fortified Ramah”
15:18 b51e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He put it into the hands of his servants 0 Putting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He entrusted it to his servants” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15:18 mgp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He said 0 This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad” or “Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15:19 k8ci rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Let there be a covenant between me and you 0 A covenant being between two people represents those two people having a covenant with each other. Alternate translation: “Let us have a covenant with each other” or “Let us make a peace treaty”
15:19 rwr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel 0 Breaking a covenant represents canceling it and not doing what one has promised to do. Alternate translation: “Cancel your covenant with Baasha king of Israel” or “Do not be loyal to Baasha king of Israel as you promised in your covenant with him”
15:19 j9mj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel 0 Asa wanted Ben Hadad to attack Israel. Ben Hadad could only do that if he broke his covenant with the king of Israel. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel, and attack Israel”
15:21 wf5g It came about that 0 This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
15:21 n32w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he stopped building up Ramah 0 King Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate translation: “he had his workers stop building up Ramah”
15:23 w5tx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah”
15:23 w7sz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.”
15:24 tq8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Asa slept with his ancestors 0 Sleeping here is a euphemism which represents dying. Alternate translation: “Asa died as his ancestors had” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
15:24 fa26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was buried with them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him with his ancestors”
15:24 u9jw David his father 0 The word “father” here refers to an ancestor. Alternate translation: “King David, his ancestor”
15:25 r4cj Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThe rest of chapter 15 and 16 is about the kings of Israel. These events happened while King Asa of Judah was still alive.
15:25 y9r8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the second year of Asa king of Judah 0 This refers to the second year of Asa’s reign. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “when Asa had been king of Judah for almost two years”
15:26 cj46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
15:26 f53f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walked in the way of his father 0 Walking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father had done”
15:26 ebp9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in his own sin 0 Walking in his own sin represents sinning in ways that were different from the ways that his father had sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned in his own ways”
15:26 wr2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which he led Israel to sin 0 Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin”
15:27 p5ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Gibbethon 0 This is the name of a city.
15:27 n1b5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Nadab and all Israel 0 “The phrase “all Israel” is a generalization that represents the many soldiers of Israel. Alternate translation: “Nadab and the many soldiers of Israel” or “Nadab and the army of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
15:27 n3zg were laying siege to Gibbethon 0 Alternate translation: “were surrounding Gibbethon, so that the people of Gibbethon would surrender to them”
15:28 l1aj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Nadab”
15:29 vp7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Baasha killed all the family of Jeroboam. He left none of Jeroboam’s descendants breathing. 0 These two sentences mean the same thing and are combined to emphasize his descendents were all killed.
15:29 djq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He left none of Jeroboam’s descendants breathing 0 Breathing represents being alive. Alternate translation: “He left none of Jeroboam’s descendants living”
15:29 zqy4 his royal line 0 Alternate translation: “Jeroboam’s royal line”
15:29 w2vx just as Yahweh had spoken by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite 0 In [1 Kings 14:10](../14/10.md) and [1 Kings 14:11](../14/11.md) Yahweh spoke through his prophet Ahijah and told Jeroboam that he would destroy his family.
15:29 vmg9 Ahijah the Shilonite 0 Alternate translation: “Ahijah, who was from Shiloh”
15:30 p24y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns for the sins of Jeroboam which he committed and by which he led Israel to sin 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sins**, you can express the same idea with the verb “sin.” Alternate translation: “because Jeroboam sinned and led Israel to sin in the same ways”
15:30 l8b6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which he led Israel to sin 0 Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do something. Alternate translation: “by which he influenced Israel to sin”
15:31 p7n1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Nadab is in this other book. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
15:31 i3dw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
15:32 fnf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit all their days 0 This refers to the whole period of time that they reign as kings. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:16](../15/16.md) Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel”
15:33 u22f Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nStarting in [1 Kings 15:27](../15/27.md), the author told about how Baasha became king. Here the author begins to tell about what Baasha did as king of Israel.
15:33 qka7 Tirzah 0 This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
15:34 j9xv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
15:34 i9dh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walked in the way of Jeroboam 0 Walking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that Jeroboam had done”
15:34 yq78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor by which he led Israel to sin 0 Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin”
16:intro abcg 0 # 1 Kings 16 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Incorrect worship\n\nThe prophet Jehu warned Baasha, king of Israel, that God would destroy his family for worshiping the idols. But Baasha did not change his ways; so Zimri murdered Baasha’s son and all his relatives. Then Omri killed Zimri. Omri’s son Ahab brought in the rain god Baal and his wife, the fertility goddess Ashtoreth, as the official religion of Israel. This was very evil. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
16:1 kf7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message”
16:2 pn3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I exalted you out of the dust 0 “I raised you out of the dust.” Being in the dust on the ground represents not being important. Exalting someone represents making him important. Alternate translation: “I raised you from a very unimportant position” or “when you had no power or influence over people, I made you important”
16:2 ygn2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you have walked in the way of Jeroboam 0 Walking represents behaving. Jeroboam and Baasha both sinned. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “you have done the same things that Jeroboam did” or “you have sinned as Jeroboam sinned” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
16:3 hht4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person See, I will completely sweep away Baasha and his family 0 Yahweh is speaking to Baasha, and the phrase “his family” refers to Baasha’s family. This can be translated using the words “you” and “your.” Alternate translation: “Listen, Baasha. I will completely sweep away you and your family”
16:3 v2qh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will completely sweep away 0 Sweeping away represents destroying. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy”
16:5 t3j3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Baasha is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:5 l8gg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:6 xf6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Baasha slept with his ancestors 0 Sleeping is a euphemism that represents dying. Alternate translation: “Baasha died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Baasha died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
16:6 fp23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was buried 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him”
16:6 wwv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Baasha”
16:7 u6cg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words”
16:7 q8l2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor all the evil that he did in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “all the things that Baasha that are evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “all the things that Baaha did that Yahweh considers to be evil”
16:7 cw1d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns so as to provoke him to anger 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you can express the same idea with the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “so as to make Yahweh very angry” or “that made God very angry”
16:7 zvf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche with the work of his hands 0 Here Basha is represented by his “hands.” This speaks of all of his actions as his “work.” Alternate translation: “by the things Baasha had done”
16:9 vbl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy captain of half his chariots 0 The word “chariots” here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate translation: “captain of half his chariot drivers”
16:9 b7jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom drinking himself drunk 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “drinking so much wine that he was getting drunk” or “getting drunk”
16:9 x8kj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor who was over the household 0 Being over the household represents being in charge of the things in King Elah’s house. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the things in the Elah’s house”
16:10 ds8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Elah”
16:11 t76c He did not leave alive a single male 0 This means that he killed all the men and boys. Alternate translation: “He did not leave even one male alive”
16:12 ea4j the word of Yahweh 0 Alternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahweh’s message”
16:12 fqc5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom which he spoke against Baasha by Jehu the prophet 0 Speaking “by” a prophet represents telling a prophet to speak and the prophet speaking. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh told Jehu the prophet to speak against Baasha”
16:13 n66k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor they had led Israel to sin 0 Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “they had influenced Israel to sin”
16:13 xwa9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit they provoked Yahweh, the God of Israel, to anger with their idols 0 God became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “they made Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped idols”
16:14 ft5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written … kings of Israel? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Elah is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:14 bu87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written … Israel? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:16 aj11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The army camped there heard it said 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers who camped there heard someone say”
16:16 vri9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche all Israel 0 Both times this phrase is used, it represents the army of Israel. Here the word “all” is a generalization meaning “most.” Alternate translation: “all the army of Israel” or “most of the soldiers in the army of Israel” or “the army of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
16:18 zuq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that the city had been taken 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Omri and the army had taken the city”
16:19 g6bs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
16:19 a7t3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walking in the way of Jeroboam 0 Here walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “doing the same things that Jeroboam had done”
16:19 ldy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor so as to lead Israel to sin 0 Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “so as to influence Israel to sin”
16:20 i7gi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the treason that he carried out 0 This treason refers to Zimri’s plot to kill Elah, the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “how he plotted against King Elah” or “how he killed the king of Israel”
16:20 b9u9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Zimri is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:20 ai9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written … Israel? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:21 g8g1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor followed Tibni … followed Omri 0 Here “followed” represents supporting or wanting to make him king. Alternate translation: “supported Tibni son of Ginath, to make him king, and half supported Omri” or “wanted to make Tibni son of Ginath king, and half wanted to make Omri king”
16:24 dcc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shemer 0 This is the name of a man.
16:24 utw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight two talents of silver 0 You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “about 66 kilograms of silver”
16:24 gm4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy He built a city 0 The word “He” refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate translation: “Omri had his people build a city” or “Omri commanded and his workers built a city”
16:24 mkr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom after the name of Shemer 0 This is an idiom that means “to honor Shemer” or “so that people would remember Shemer.”
16:25 q5vd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
16:26 qj4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walked in all the ways of Jeroboam son of Nebat 0 Walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did all the same things that Jeroboam son of Nebat did”
16:26 kr8r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in his sins 0 Possible meanings are walking in his sins represents: (1) sinning as Jeroboam sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned as Jeroboam sinned” or (2) or sinning habitually. Alternate translation: “he sinned habitually”
16:26 fza3 by which he led Israel to sin 0 Leading people to sin represents influencing them to sin. Alternate translation: “his sins, by which he influenced Israel to sin” or “and by sinning like this, he influenced people to sin.
16:26 yj3n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to provoke Yahweh … to be angry with their worthless idols 0 God became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 16:13](../16/13.md). Alternate translation: “to make Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped worthless idols”
16:26 w3zc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish their worthless idols 0 The word “worthless” here reminds people that idols are worthless because they cannot do anything. Alternate translation: “their idols, which are worthless” or “their idols, which are useless”
16:27 zmg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Omri is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:27 rt47 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written … Israel? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”
16:28 a9le rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Omri slept with his ancestors 0 The euphemism “sleeping” here represents dying. Alternate translation: “Omri died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Omri died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
16:28 gt7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor became king in his place 0 The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Omri”
16:30 q8y5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
16:31 n5da rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit It was to Ahab a trivial thing to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat 0 This implies that Ahab wanted to commit worse sins. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It was as if Ahab thought that walking in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat was not enough”
16:31 va54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom It was to Ahab a trivial thing 0 This is an idiom. The phrase “to Ahab” means that Ahab considered or thought something. Alternate translation: “Ahab considered it a trivial thing” or “Ahab thought that it was not enough”
16:31 ahs1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat 0 Walking in Jeroboam’s sins represents sinning as Jeroboam had sinned. Alternate translation: “to sin as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned”
16:31 xc3m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism worshiped Baal and bowed down to him 0 These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to him” describes the posture that people used in worship.
16:34 f89k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor at the cost of the life of Abiram, his firstborn son 0 The consequence of building the city is spoken of as if it were a cost that Hiel paid. Alternate translation: “and the consequence of his sin was that Abiram, his firstborn son, died”
16:34 ph6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Segub, his youngest son, lost his life 0 Dying is spoken of as if he lost his life. Alternate translation: “Segub, his youngest son, died”
16:34 zx6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy which he spoke by Joshua son of Nun 0 Speaking “by” someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak”
17:intro abch 0 # 1 Kings 17 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the beginning of the story of Elijah. (1 Kings 17 – 2 Kings 2)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Baal worship\n\nAhab had introduced the worship of Baal, the god people thought brought rain, to Israel. Because of this, God caused a drought. Elijah told Ahab that it would not rain or dew until he, Elijah, said so. Elijah had to hide so Ahab would not kill him for bringing the drought. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
17:2 tv69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message”
17:3 nq5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Kerith 0 This is the name of a very small stream.
17:4 v8hk It will happen that 0 This phrase is used to introduce how Yahweh will take care of Elijah during the drought. Alternate translation: “There”
17:4 h5yw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ravens 0 large, black birds
17:5 vf5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy as the word of Yahweh commanded 0 Here “the word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
17:5 a3bc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names the brook Kerith 0 This is the name of a very small stream. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 17:2](../17/02.md).
17:8 jh2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom The word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message”
17:12 p5db rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers two sticks 0 This may refer to two sticks or to only a few sticks.
17:12 b86l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit that we may eat it, and die 0 It is implied that they will die because they do not have anymore food. Alternate translation: “that we may eat. Afterwards, we will starve to death”
17:13 ccq3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit afterward make some for you and for your son 0 It is implicit that there would be enough flour and oil to make more bread.
17:14 pej5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Yahweh sends rain 0 This is an idiom that means Yahweh causes it to rain. Alternate translation: “Yahweh causes rain to fall”
17:15 vbj6 She and Elijah, along with her household, ate for many days 0 In the original language it says, “And she and he and her household ate for many days.” It is unclear who “he” is. This could mean: (1) Elijah, the widow, and her son ate for many days or (2) the widow, her son, and everyone living in her house ate for many days or (3) Elijah, the widow, and everyone living in her house ate for many days.
17:15 ziz7 along with her household 0 Possible meanings for **household** are: (1) this refers only to the widow’s son or (2) this refers to other people who live in her house but are not named in the story or (3) this refers to her son and others living in her house.
17:16 x364 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy just as the word of Yahweh had said 0 Here “word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said”
17:17 g2ey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism there was no more breath left in him 0 This is a polite way of saying the boy died. Alternate translation: “he stopped breathing” or “he died”
17:20 q8bc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion have you also brought disaster on the widow with whom I am staying, by killing her son? 0 This could mean: (1) Elijah is truly asking a question. Alternate translation: “why would you cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son” or (2) Elijah uses a question to express how sad he is. Alternate translation: “surely, you would not cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son”
17:20 lhy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor have you also brought disaster on the widow 0 Causing the widow to suffer is spoken of as if “disaster” were an object that is placed on the widow.
17:21 swr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom stretched himself on the child 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “lay on top of the child”
17:22 h2wp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Yahweh listened to the voice of Elijah 0 Here “voice” represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate translation: “Yahweh answered Elijah’s prayer”
17:22 nv6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the life of the child returned to him, and he revived 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “the child came back to life” or “the child lived again”
17:24 m6yc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the word of Yahweh in your mouth is true 0 “the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true.” The word “mouth” represents what Elijah said. Alternate translation: “the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true”
18:intro abci 0 # 1 Kings 18 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Elijah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Baal\n\nGod proved himself to all the people of Israel. Elijah went to meet Ahab. He told Ahab to bring the 450 prophets of Baal and all the people to Mount Carmel. Then he proposed an experiment, which was carried out. The prophets of Baal took one bull, killed them, cut them up, and placed them on wood on an altar without lighting the fire. The prophets of Baal danced and prayed to Baal all morning and half the afternoon. After they were exhausted, Elijah built his altar and drenched it with water. Then he prayed. God answered his prayer with fire that burned up the sacrifice, the altar and the water. Then Elijah told the people to seize the prophets of Baal and kill them. After that, Elijah prayed for rain, and it rained very hard. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Humor\n\nElijah insults the false god Baal. He states, “Perhaps he is thinking, or is relieving himself, or he is traveling on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened.” Baal was too busy in the bathroom to answer the prophets. “Relieving himself” is a euphemism. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
18:1 l7sw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word”
18:2 lc7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background now the famine was severe 0 The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells background information about how the famine had affected Samaria.
18:3 c24p Now Obadiah honored Yahweh 0 The word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story.
18:4 i9am rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers one hundred prophets and hid them by fifties 0 “100 prophets and hid them in groups of 50”
18:5 vpi8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism save the horses and mules alive … not lose all the animals 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “prevent the horses and mules from dying”
18:6 izg5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Ahab went one way by himself and Obadiah went another way 0 The phrase “by himself” emphasizes that Ahab and Obadiah went in separate directions, not necessarily that no one was with Ahab. Alternate translation: “Ahab lead a team in one direction and Obadiah lead a team in the other direction”
18:9 a65p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How have I sinned … for him to kill me? 0 Obadiah asks this question to emphasize the danger to himself because of King Ahab’s anger at Elijah. Alternate translation: “I have not wronged you … for him to kill me.”
18:9 ry4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy give your servant into the hand of Ahab 0 “Hand” is metonymy for power and control. Alternate translation: “deliver your servant to Ahab”
18:10 n7bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole there is no nation or kingdom where my master has not sent men 0 Here “no nation or kingdom” is an exaggeration that means that men have traveled very far and gone to many places to find Elijah. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “my master has sent men to nations and kingdoms near and far” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
18:13 zrj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Has it not been told to you … with bread and water? 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Surely you have been told about what I did … with bread and water!”
18:15 jrz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom before whom I stand 0 To “stand before” is an idiom for being in someone’s presence and ready to serve him. Alternate translation: “whom I serve”
18:17 i2jy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it you? You are the one who brings trouble to Israel! 0 Ahab asks the question for emphasis to be certain about Elijah’s identity. Alternate translation: “So here you are. You are the troublemaker of Israel!”
18:19 gz7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all Israel 0 This is a generalization to refer to the leaders and people who represent the ten tribes of the northern kingdom. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
18:19 nzp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers four hundred prophets 0 “400 prophets”
18:20 vwk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche sent word to … and gathered 0 “Word” represents Ahab’s message and is also a metonym for the messenger who delivered the message. This is a common statement used with the meaning understood. Alternate translation: “sent a message to … and gathered” or “sent a messenger to summon … to gather” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
18:21 v7v9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How long will you keep changing your mind? 0 Elijah asks this question to urge the people to make a decision. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have been indecisive for long enough.”
18:22 z9im rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers 450 men 0 “four hundred and fifty men”
18:24 fch4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy call on the name of your god … call on the name of Yahweh 0 “Name” is metonymy for the reputation and honor of someone and “calling on” him represents an appeal. Alternate translation: “call to your god … call to Yahweh”
18:26 n37t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the bull that was given to them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the bull that someone gave them”
18:26 gs4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism But there was no voice, nor anyone who answered 0 These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that there was no one to respond to the prayers of the false prophets. The word “voice” represents someone speaking. Alternate translation: “But Baal did not say or do anything” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
18:27 qb2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism relieving himself 0 This euphemism is a more pleasant way to express a harsh statement. Elijah uses understatement to insult Baal with sarcasm. Alternate translation: “in the bathroom”
18:27 pz9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive must be awakened 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must awaken him” or “you must wake him up”
18:29 sx2c they were still raving 0 “they continued their wild behavior.” Prophets often acted in ways that seemed unusual or even crazy. In this case they were calling on Baal while dancing, shouting loudly, and cutting themselves with knives.
18:29 d4cs of offering of the evening sacrifice 0 Alternate translation: “to offer the evening sacrifice”
18:29 h5ce rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism but there was no voice or anyone to answer; there was no one who paid any attention to their pleadings 0 These phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one responded to the prayers of the false prophets. Alternate translation: “but Baal did not say or do anything or even pay attention” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
18:32 yy3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in the name of Yahweh 0 “Name” here is a metonym for honor and reputation. This could mean: (1) “to honor Yahweh” or (2) “with the authority of Yahweh.”
18:32 kp7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume two seahs of seeds 0 A seah is a unit of volume equal to about 7.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 15 liters of seeds”
18:33 m699 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis He arranged the wood for a fire 0 “On the altar” where he placed the wood is assumed in this sentence. Alternate translation: “He put the wood for a fire on the altar”
18:33 sh1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers four jars 0 “4 jars”
18:35 v15z trench 0 See how you translated this in [1 Kings 18:30](../18/30.md).
18:36 xs1m It happened 0 This phrase is used here to reference a significant and meaningful time of the day in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
18:36 ajj4 Yahweh, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Israel 0 Here “Israel” is referring to Jacob. God changed Jacob’s name to Israel (Genesis 32:28), and God named the nation of Jacob’s descendants “Israel.”
18:36 xuh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive let it be known this day 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “make these people know today”
18:37 dq2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy turned their heart back again to yourself 0 The people’s “heart” is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate translation: “caused them to be loyal to you again”
18:43 cch7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven times 0 The word “seven” can be rendered as the numeral “7.” Alternate translation: “7 times”
18:44 w1db as small as a man’s hand 0 From a long distance, the cloud could be covered from sight by a man’s hand.
18:45 iv5m It happened 0 This phrase is used here to mark where a new step in the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
18:46 y3cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the hand of Yahweh was on Elijah 0 Here the word “hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave his power to Elijah”
18:46 jqk4 tucked his robe in his belt 0 Elijah wrapped his long robe around his waist so that his legs would be free for running.
19:intro abcj 0 # 1 Kings 19 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Elijah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nThe queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to kill Elijah. Elijah fled south into the desert south of Judah. He traveled on to Mount Horeb also known as Mount Sinai, the mountain of God. God asked him why he was there. He said he had come to Mount Horeb because Israel had deserted God, killed his prophets, and wanted to kill him. God sent him home to make Hazael the king of Aram, Jehu the king of Israel, and Elisha as the prophet in his place. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
19:2 s2y6 So may the gods do to me, and more also 0 This is a comparison used as an emphatic oath. “May the gods kill me and do even more bad things”
19:2 sp3r if I do not make your life like the life of one of those dead prophets 0 Alternate translation: “if I do not kill you like you killed those prophets”
19:3 hkc1 he arose 0 Alternate translation: “he stood up”
19:4 nzy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns he himself went a day’s journey 0 The word “himself” is used to emphasize that he was alone. Alternate translation: “he walked by himself for a day”
19:4 za2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown broom tree 0 A “broom tree” is a plant that grows in the desert.
19:6 q2lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive bread that had been baked on coals 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread that someone had cooked on hot stones”
19:8 j9yv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers he traveled in the strength of that food forty days and forty nights 0 “that food gave him energy to travel for 40 days and 40 nights”
19:9 br24 to a cave there 0 Here the word “there” refers to Mount Horeb. A cave is an opening in a mountainside that leads to a natural room or rooms underground.
19:9 j8ia rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came to him and said to him, “What 0 The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to,” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to him. He said, ‘What” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: ‘What”
19:9 nh7j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What are you doing here, Elijah? 0 Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Elijah and to remind him of his duty. Alternate translation: “This is not where you should be, Elijah.”
19:11 i185 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom on the mountain before me 0 “Before me” here is an idiom for standing in front of someone. Alternate translation: “on the mountain in my presence”
19:13 t1l2 he wrapped his face in his cloak 0 “he covered his face with his cloak” A cloak is a long robe, a piece of clothing that covers the whole body.
19:13 ps2e Then a voice came to him 0 Alternate translation: “Then he heard a voice”
19:13 ht8c What are you doing here, Elijah? 0 See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:9](../19/09.md).
19:14 q17u Elijah replied, “I have been very zealous … and they are also trying to take my life.” 0 See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:10](../19/10.md).
19:17 j4vp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy whoever escapes from the sword of Hazael 0 “Sword” is metonymy for killing as in battle. Alternate translation: “whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword”
19:18 zix5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns I will leave for myself 0 Here the words “I” and “myself” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will save from death”
19:18 jyx3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven thousand people 0 “7,000 people”
19:18 n188 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy whose knees have not bent down to Baal, and whose mouths have not kissed him 0 “Bending down” and “kissing” are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “who have not bowed down and kissed Baal” or “who have not worshiped Baal” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
19:19 iy4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shaphat 0 This is the name of a man.
19:19 ddp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twelve yoke of oxen 0 “12 yoke of oxen”
19:19 m3gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns he himself was plowing with the twelfth yoke 0 The word “himself” indicates that Elisha was plowing with the last yoke, while other men were plowing with the other eleven yokes. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
20:intro abck 0 # 1 Kings 20 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Battle\n\nGod had chosen to defeat Ben Hadad, king of Aram. So when he attacked Samaria with a huge army, the tiny army of Israel defeated him. The people of Aram said that Yahweh was the god of the hills, but they could defeat Israel on the plains. So they came again but Israel defeated them again. Then Ben Hadad offered a peace plan and Ahab accepted. But God had wanted him to kill Ben Hadad and was angry at Ahab for making peace with him.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Simile\n\nThere were so few Israel soldiers that they were “like two little flocks of goats.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
20:6 r8pa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche whatever pleases their eyes 0 Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize them looking at something and desiring it. Alternate translation: “whatever pleases them”
20:7 it6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy of the land 0 “The land” represents all the people living there. Alternate translation: “of the people of Israel”
20:7 aza4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom take note and see 0 “Take note” here is an idiom to observe carefully. Alternate translation: “pay close attention to”
20:7 fk6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives I have not refused him 0 This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “I have agreed to his demands”
20:10 b77w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor if even the ashes of Samaria will be enough for all the people who follow me to have a handful each 0 Ben Hadad is threatening that his army will totally destroy everything in Samaria.
20:11 y7fk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs Tell Ben Hadad, ‘No one who is just putting on his armor … as if he were taking it off.’ 0 This is an expression to give advice. “Putting on armor” is metonymy for getting prepared for battle. “Tell Ben Hadad, ‘Do not boast as if you have already won a battle that you have not yet fought.’” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
20:13 f4sp Then behold 0 The word “behold” alerts us to the sudden appearance of a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.
20:13 up43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you seen this great army? 0 Yahweh asks this question to emphasize the size and strength of Ben Hadad’s army. Alternate translation: “Look at this great army.”
20:13 ci7b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy place it into your hand 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over that army”
20:14 ni9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis By whom? 0 Ahab leaves out the words ‘will you do this’ Alternate translation: “By whom will you do this?”
20:15 ftl5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism all the soldiers, all the army of Israel 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
20:17 i5p4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Ben Hadad was informed by scouts that he had sent out 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “Scouts that Ben Hadad had sent out informed him”
20:18 l7k4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis Ben Hadad said 0 It is understood that Ben Hadad is speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Ben Hadad said to his soldiers”
20:20 e1jk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Israel pursued them 0 “Israel” is synecdoche for all the soldiers of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of the army of Israel pursued them”
20:21 k7xi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the king of Israel went out and attacked 0 “The king” is synecdoche for the king and all the soldiers serving under him. Alternate translation: “The king of Israel and his soldiers went out and attacked”
20:22 b52i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy strengthen yourself 0 “Yourself” represents by metonymy the army of the king. Alternate translation: “strengthen your forces”
20:22 g9f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet understand and plan 0 These two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “determine”
20:23 kn8e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive let us fight … we will be stronger 0 The words “us” and “we” refer to the servants, the king, and the army all together.
20:24 alj2 Remove all the kings from their positions of authority 0 Alternate translation: “You must remove the thirty-two kings who are leading your troops”
20:26 ewh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Aphek 0 This is the name of a city.
20:26 h5fl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche to fight against Israel 0 “Israel” represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “to fight against the army of Israel”
20:27 v3ff rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The people of Israel were mustered and supplied 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army also gathered together, and the commanders gave the arms that they needed for the battle”
20:27 jkv8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like two little flocks of goats 0 This simile compares the Israelite army to two little flocks of goats. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army appeared to be small and weak like two flocks of goats”
20:28 xcf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy place this great army into your hand 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over this great army”
20:29 cwx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers seven days 0 “7 days”
20:30 y5le rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis The rest fled to Aphek 0 The expression “the rest” assumes the words “of the Aramean soldiers.” Alternate translation: “The rest of the Aramean soldiers”
20:30 b7gv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Aphek 0 This is the name of a town.
20:32 b34f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is he still alive? 0 Ahab asks this question to express surprise. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that he is still alive!”
20:32 ch6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He is my brother 0 “My brother” here is a metaphor for somebody who is a good friend. Alternate translation: “He is like a brother to me” or “He is like family”
20:33 e1y4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for any sign from Ahab 0 “Sign” is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate translation: “for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful”
20:36 dy4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh 0 “The voice” is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed Yahweh”
20:39 cn8z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom into the heat of the battle 0 “Heat of the battle” here is an idiom to express the most intense and fierce fighting. Alternate translation: “to where the battle was most intense”
20:39 n9m5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight a talent of silver 0 A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “33 kilograms of silver”
20:40 q6ds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom going here and there 0 This is an idiom to represent being very busy and preoccupied. Alternate translation: “doing other things” or “doing this and that”
20:42 f7yg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let go from your hand 0 Here the word “hand” is metonymy for power. Alternate translation: “released” or “spared the life of”
20:42 m59l your life will take the place of his life, and your people for his people 0 Alternate translation: “you will die in his place, and your people will die in the place of his people”
21:intro abcl 0 # 1 Kings 21 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Elijah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nGod hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ahab wanted Naboth’s vineyard to make into a garden for his palace, but Naboth refused to sell it. So the queen, Ahab’s wife, told the civic leaders of Naboth’s town to falsely accuse him and execute him. Elijah told Ahab that he would be killed in Naboth’s vineyard and all his family destroyed. Ahab repented and showed he was very sorry for what he did, so God said it would not happen to Ahab himself but to his son. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
21:1 j692 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent Now some time later 0 This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story and indicates that these events happened later, not that Naboth owned the vineyard later. If your language has a way marking the beginning of a new part of a story, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Now this is what happened later”
21:1 d4gf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Naboth the Jezreelite 0 This is the name of a man from Jezreel.
21:1 pe6g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche king of Samaria 0 “Samaria” was the capital city of the kingdom of Israel and here represents the entire nation. Alternate translation: “king of Israel”
21:3 p9pb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit May Yahweh forbid that I should give 0 This phrase is an oath that emphasizes that what follows will not happen. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh forbids it, I will never give”
21:3 sg9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor give the inheritance of my ancestors to you 0 The land that his ancestors received as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. Alternate translation: “give to you the land that my ancestors received as an inheritance”
21:5 ib4e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Why is your heart so sad 0 Here “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “Why are you so sad”
21:7 k6fd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you not still rule the kingdom of Israel? 0 Jezebel uses this negative rhetorical question to rebuke Ahab. It can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “You still rule the kingdom of Israel!”
21:7 u9rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche let your heart be happy 0 Here “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “be happy” or “cheer up”
21:8 m5ey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy wrote letters in Ahab’s name 0 This could mean: (1) she wrote Ahab’s name on the letters. Alternate translation: “wrote letters and signed them with Ahab’s name” or (2) the word “name” is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “wrote letters on behalf of Ahab”
21:8 ltl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wealthy who sat with him 0 The word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who sat with Naboth”
21:9 p5n4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor seat Naboth above the people 0 Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. Alternate translation: “have Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people”
21:11 c93g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the wealthy who lived in Naboth’s city 0 The word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who lived in Naboth’s city”
21:11 r1kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive as was written in the letters 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as she had written in the letters”
21:12 c24d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor seated Naboth above the people 0 Having Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. See how you translated this idea in [1 Kings 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: “had Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people”
21:14 cm8q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Naboth has been stoned and is dead 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have stoned Naboth and he is dead”
21:15 bnj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that Naboth had been stoned and was dead 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the people had stoned Naboth and he was dead”
21:15 m7br rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet Naboth is not alive, but dead. 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize Jezebel’s statement. Alternate translation: “Naboth is dead!”
21:17 t1mb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke”
21:19 rh87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you killed and also taken possession? 0 Yahweh asks this question to scold Ahab. Alternate translation: “You have killed Naboth and stolen his vineyard!”
21:20 lpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you found me, my enemy? 0 Ahab uses this question to express anger toward Elijah. That Elijah “found” Ahab likely refers to Elijah discovering Ahab’s actions, not to finding his physical location. Alternate translation: “You have found me, my enemy!” or “You have discovered what I have done, my enemy!” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
21:20 sx2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you have sold yourself to do what is evil 0 A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. Alternate translation: “you have dedicated yourself to doing what is evil”
21:20 wi8j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what is evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someone’s opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
21:21 clc4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor completely consume and cut off from you every male child and slave and free man in Israel 0 Yahweh speaks of destroying Ahab’s family and preventing him from having any decedents as if he were consuming these people like a fire would consume them, and cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel, whether slave or free”
21:22 d8kb I will make your family like the family of Jeroboam … and like the family of Baasha 0 Yahweh will destroy Ahab’s family like he destroyed the families of Jeroboam and Baasha.
21:25 m85z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor who sold himself to do what was evil 0 A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. See how you translated this idea in [1 Kings 21:20](../21/20.md). Alternate translation: “who dedicated himself to doing what was evil”
21:25 rh8u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someone’s opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil”
21:26 cz5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit removed before the people of Israel 0 Here “Israel” refers to all twelve tribes of Israel and not just to the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: “removed from the presence of the people of Israel” or “drove out of the land before the people of Israel”
21:28 lq1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom the word of Yahweh came 0 This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke”
21:29 hf8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you see how Ahab humbles himself before me? 0 God uses this question to show Elijah that Ahab’s sorrow is genuine. Alternate translation: “I have seen how Ahab humbles himself before me.” or “Look at how Ahab humbles himself before me.”
22:intro abcm 0 # 1 Kings 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahab’s death and the dogs licking his blood.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nWhen God has decided a person will die, then they cannot avoid death. Ahab persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah to help him in a battle against the army of Aram. Ahab’s false prophets all told him to go because he would be successful. But a randomly shot arrow hit him and he bled to death. They washed his chariot at the pool and the dogs licked up his blood, just as Elijah had said they would. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### “However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines.”\nAt the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah’s reign it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
22:2 d41e it came about that 0 This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
22:3 nn96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you know that Ramoth Gilead is ours, but that we are doing nothing to take it from the hand of the king of Aram? 0 Ahab asks this question to emphasize that they should have already recaptured Ramoth Gilead. Alternate translation: “Ramoth Gilead is ours, but we have done nothing yet to take it from the hand of the king of Aram.”
22:3 dn17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to take it from the hand of the king of Aram 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “to take it from the control of the king of Aram”
22:4 wr99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I am like you, my people are like your people, and my horses are like your horses 0 Jehoshaphat tells Ahab that he, his people, and his horses belong to Ahab, meaning that Ahab can command them as he pleases. Alternate translation: “I, my soldiers, and my horses are yours to use in any way you want”
22:6 jtc3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers four hundred men 0 “400 men”
22:6 z1lr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for the Lord will give it into the hand of the king 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead”
22:8 ryn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person May the king not say that 0 Jehoshaphat refers to Ahab in the third person to show respect for him. Alternate translation: “You should not say that”
22:11 z3iy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction With these you will push the Arameans until they are consumed 0 The prophet’s actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab would defeat the Arameans. Ahab’s army will win with great strength, as a bull attacks another animal. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
22:11 lyv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor until they are consumed 0 Destroying an enemy army is spoken of as if it were consuming them. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until you consume them” or “until you destroy them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
22:12 yq7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy given it into the hand of the king 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “allowed the king to capture it”
22:13 p99w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the words of the prophets declare good things to the king with one mouth 0 The prophets all saying the same thing is spoken of as if they all spoke with the same mouth. Alternate translation: “the prophets all declare the same good things to the king”
22:13 mzz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit let your word be like one of them 0 Here the word “them” refers to “the words of the prophets.” Alternate translation: “let what you say agree with what they have said”
22:15 f1wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive should we go 0 The word “we” refers to Ahab, Jehoshaphat, and their armies but not to Micaiah.
22:15 qtv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy will give it into the hand of the king 0 Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “will allow the king to capture it”
22:16 pk5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How many times must I require … in the name of Yahweh? 0 Ahab asks this question out of frustration to rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Many times I have required … in the name of Yahweh.”
22:16 mg9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in the name of Yahweh 0 Here the word “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as the representative of Yahweh”
22:17 c1di rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I saw all Israel 0 Here “all Israel” refers to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “I saw the entire army of Israel”
22:17 wa5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like sheep who have no shepherd 0 The people of the army are compared to sheep that have no one to lead them because their shepherd, the king, has died.
22:17 ql8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor These have no shepherd 0 Yahweh speaks of the king as if he were a shepherd. Just like a shepherd is responsible to care for and protect his sheep, the king is responsible to lead and protect his people. Alternate translation: “These people no longer have a leader”
22:18 h4mu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Did I not tell you … but only disaster? 0 Ahab asks this question to emphasize that he had spoken the truth about Micaiah. Alternate translation: “I told you … but only disaster!”
22:20 q5js rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fall at Ramoth Gilead 0 Ahab dying in battle is spoken of as if he will fall. Alternate translation: “die at Ramoth Gilead” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
22:20 zk2g One of them said … and another one said 0 “One … and another” refers to two or more angels in the heavenly host who were responding to Yahweh’s question in the previous verse.
22:22 q6fy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets 0 Here the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “cause all his prophets to speak lies”
22:23 ty8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these prophets of yours 0 Here the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “has caused all of your prophets to speak lies”
22:24 d3pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Which way did the Spirit of Yahweh take to go from me to speak to you? 0 Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Do not think that Yahweh’s Spirit left me to speak to you!”
22:25 y5wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit you will see 0 “you will know the answer to your question.” If Zedekiah’s rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. Alternate translation: “you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me”
22:28 jk7j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo If you return safely 0 This describes something that would not happen. Yahweh had already told Micaiah that the king would not return safely.
22:29 riq8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah, went up 0 Here the kings represent themselves accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: “Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah led their armies up”
22:31 faj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism Do not attack unimportant or important soldiers 0 By mentioning both “unimportant” and “important soldiers,” the king meant all soldiers. Alternate translation: “Do not attack any of the soldiers”
22:32 bl44 It came about that 0 This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
22:34 zl68 drew his bow at random 0 This could mean: (1) he took aim to shoot a soldier without knowing that it was Ahab or (2) he drew his bow to shoot without any specific target in mind.
22:35 yt1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the king was held up in his chariot 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone held the king up in his chariot”
22:36 q7gs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy a cry went up 0 Here “a cry” represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate translation: “soldiers began to shout”
22:36 n2pr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Every man should go back to his city; and every man should go back to his region 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
22:37 kt8t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was brought to Samaria 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his soldiers brought his body to Samaria”
22:38 hl13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy just as the word of Yahweh had declared 0 Here “the word of Yahweh” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had declared”
22:39 wgg6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? 0 This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
22:40 qin8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor slept with his ancestors 0 Ahab dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
22:42 da6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers thirty-five years old 0 “35 years old”
22:42 b42y rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers twenty-five years 0 “25 years”
22:43 v7ye rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He walked in the ways of Asa, his father 0 A person’s behavior is spoken of as if that person walked along a path. Alternate translation: “He did the same things that Asa, his father, had done”
22:43 k4je rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was right in the eyes of Yahweh 0 Here “eyes” represents seeing and Yahweh’s opinion is spoken of as if he were able to see something. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be right”
22:43 ru9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the high places were not taken away 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he did not take away the high places”
22:45 e4af rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? 0 This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
22:48 m82h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the ships were wrecked 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ships wrecked”
22:50 l7pf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor slept with his ancestors 0 Jehoshaphat dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
22:50 xx4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive was buried with them 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him”
22:51 kle7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers he reigned two years 0 “he reigned 2 years”
22:52 t21s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what was evil in the sight of Yahweh 0 Yahweh’s opinion regarding something is spoken of as if Yahweh were seeing that thing. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil”
22:52 l67z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walked in the way of his father, in the way of his mother, and in the way of Jeroboam son of Nebat 0 A person’s behavior is spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father, mother, and Jeroboam son of Nebat had done”
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