2KI front intro nv2v 0 # Introduction to 2 Kings<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of 2 Kings<br><br>1. The prophets Elijah and Elisha (1:1-8:15)<br>- Elijah brings Yahweh’s judgment onto King Ahaziah (1:1–18)<br>- Elijah goes to heaven and Elisha replaces him (2:1–25)<br>- Elisha defends the northern kingdom against Moab (3:1–27)<br>- Elisha performs various miracles (4:1–44)<br>- Elisha heals Naaman the Syrian (5:1–27)<br>- Elisha acts in time of war against Syria (6:1–7:20)<br>- Elisha’s reputation and prophecy about Hazael (8:1–15)<br>1. The history of Judah and Israel from Kings Jehoram and Joram to the fall of Israel (8:16–17:41)<br>1. The history of Judah from King Hezekiah to the fall of Judah (18:1–25:30)<br><br>### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?<br><br>These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.<br><br>In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 22–23](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.<br><br>The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.”<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?<br><br>These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?<br><br>In the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.<br><br>### What does the king “did what was right (or) evil in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?<br><br>The writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.<br><br>### What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?<br><br>The name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed Jacob’s name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])<br><br>### What does the phrase “to this day” mean?<br><br>This phrase was used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being writte
2KI 1 intro t6cl 0 # 2 Kings 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>2 Kings is a continuation of 1 Kings.<br><br>The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s sovereignty<br>God is in control of the future. King Ahaziah sent messengers to ask the Philistine god if he would recover from his fall, but this god does not know the future. Because he asked another god instead of Yahweh, Elijah sent the messengers to tell Ahaziah that he would not recover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical question<br>Elijah rebuked the king with a rhetorical question: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br>
2KI 1 1 ip77 0 Moab rebelled “The people who lived in Moab rebelled”
2KI 1 2 qdg9 figs-explicit 0 the lattice in his upper chamber The upper room was built on the roof of the palace. The lattice was made of thin boards decoratively crossed over one another to form a balcony or window covering. Alternate translation: “the wooden boards around the flat roof of his palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 3 xk53 0 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
2KI 1 3 vu6l translate-names 0 the Tishbite This refers to someone from the city of Tishbe. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 1 3 sql3 figs-rquestion 0 Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to consult with Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron? This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This may be written as a statement. This is irony because they are definitely aware of the God of Israel. Alternate translation: “You fools! You know there is a God in Israel, but you were acting as though you did not know when you sent men to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2KI 1 3 ns1x 0 consult with Baal-Zebub The word “consult” means to get the opinion of someone about a question.
2KI 1 4 hs1g figs-explicit 0 Therefore Yahweh says This is Yahweh’s message to King Ahaziah. Alternate translation: “Therefore Yahweh says to King Ahaziah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 4 ea7z figs-explicit 0 You will not come down from the bed to where you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. Alternate translation: “You will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 5 h8rr figs-explicit 0 When the messengers returned to Ahaziah After meeting with Elijah, the messengers returned to the king instead of going to Ekron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 6 hrs2 figs-rquestion 0 Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron? This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This may be written as a statement. This is irony because they are definitely aware of the God of Israel. See how you translated a similar question in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). Alternate translation: “You fools! You know there is a God in Israel, but you were acting as though you did not know when you sent men to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 1 6 q7jq figs-explicit 0 you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 8 ivq2 figs-explicit 0 He wore a garment made of hair Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor that speaks of him being very hairy as if his hair were a garment. Alternate translation: “He was very hairy” or 2) “His clothes were made from animal hair” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 9 n9cs figs-explicit 0 Then the king sent a captain with fifty soldiers to Elijah The king sent the leader of the army with fifty men to bring Elijah back to him. Alternate translation: “Then the king sent a captain with fifty soldiers to seize Elijah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 10 p9xj 0 If I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not show Elijah proper respect. Elijah said this so that fire would come down from heaven, and this would prove that Elijah really was a man of God and he deserved their respect. Alternate translation: “Since I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven” or “If I am a man of God as you have said, let fire come down from heaven”
2KI 1 12 ft4v 0 If I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not show Elijah proper respect. Elijah said this so that fire would come down from heaven, and this would prove that Elijah really was a man of God and he deserved their respect. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 1:10](../01/10.md). Alternate translation: “Since I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven” or “If I am a man of God as you have said, let fire come down from heaven”
2KI 1 12 pr93 figs-possession 0 fire of God This means that the fire came from God. Alternate translation: “fire from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2KI 1 13 ye4v figs-explicit 0 these fifty servants of yours The captain says that his servants are Elijah’s servants to show him honor. AT “my fifty soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 13 b8jf figs-metaphor 0 let my life and the life of ... be precious in your sight Here Elijah’s “sight” represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is pleading with Elijah to let them live. Alternate translation: “please consider my life and the life of ... as precious to you” or “consider my life and the life of ... to be of worth to you and do not kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 14 t3sy figs-metaphor 0 let my life be precious in your sight Here Elijah’s “sight” represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is repeating his request for Elijah to show kindness to him and let him live. Alternate translation: “please be kind to me” or “please allow me to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 16 akr3 figs-rquestion 0 Is it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can ask for information? This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This may be written as a statement. This is irony because the king is definitely aware of the God of Israel. Alternate translation: “You must think there is no God in Israel whom you may ask for information!” or “You fool! You know there is a God in Israel to consult, but you acted as if you did not know.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2KI 1 16 bgi9 figs-explicit 0 you will not come down from the bed where you have gone up When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed where you are lying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 1 17 sl2v 0 the word of Yahweh that Elijah had spoken “what Yahweh had told Elijah that Elijah had spoken”
2KI 1 17 s5cd figs-explicit 0 in the second year of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah This describes the time that Joram began to reign over Israel by stating how long Jehoram had been reigning over Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “in the second year that Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 1 18 emi5 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Israel? This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they are written ... Israel.” or “someone has written about them in ... Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 2 intro i216 0 # 2 Kings 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter ends the story of Elijah and begins the story of Elisha.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>Elisha replaces Elijah as the chief prophet of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br>
2KI 2 1 u56u writing-newevent 0 So it came about “So it happened.” This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
2KI 2 2 w2jb figs-simile 0 As Yahweh lives, and as you live “As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 2 3 w5x1 figs-idiom 0 The sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. Alternate translation: “A group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 4 q628 figs-simile 0 As Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you “As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 2 5 w9wu 0 Then the sons of the prophets who were at Jericho came to Elisha and said to him “When Elijah and Elisha came near Jericho, the sons of the prophets who were from there said to Elisha”
2KI 2 5 g9du figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 6 y3ml figs-simile 0 As Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you “As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 2 7 u37h translate-numbers 0 fifty of the sons “50 of the sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 2 7 b5cd figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 7 t6qz figs-idiom 0 stood opposite them This means that they were standing, facing them. Alternate translation: “stood facing them” or “stood watching them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 8 cca7 0 The river divided on both sides so that the two of them walked over on dry ground “The water of the Jordan River opened up so there was a dry path for Elijah and Elisha to cross over to the other side”
2KI 2 8 ai9c 0 on both sides “to the right and the left.” This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water.
2KI 2 9 l4ab 0 It came about “it happened”
2KI 2 9 b2aw figs-explicit 0 crossed over This refers to crossing the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “crossed over the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 2 9 q4e3 figs-activepassive 0 before I am taken from you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “before Yahweh takes me from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 2 9 kk6z figs-metonymy 0 a double portion of your spirit Here Elijah’s spirit refers to his spiritual power. Alternate translation: “twice as much of your spiritual power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 2 11 ikl9 0 behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
2KI 2 11 c6ne figs-possession 0 a chariot of fire and horses of fire Here the phrase “of fire” means that these were surround by fire. Alternate translation: “a chariot surrounded by fire pulled by horses surrounded by fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2KI 2 11 xmx8 0 went up by a whirlwind into heaven “was carried into the sky by a whirlwind.” Translate the word “whirlwind” the same as you did in [2 Kings 2:1](../02/01.md).
2KI 2 12 bb7w translate-symaction 0 tore them into two pieces People would often tear their clothes as a sign of great sadness or grief. Alternate translation: “ripped them in two pieces to show his great sadness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 2 13 t6ri 0 cloak The cloak was the otter clothing of a prophet. It was the sign of his job. When Elisha took Elijah’s cloak he was saying he was taking Elijah’s place as prophet.
2KI 2 14 l45f figs-explicit 0 Where is Yahweh, the God of Elijah? Elisha is asking if Yahweh is with him as he was with Elijah. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God of Elijah, are you here with me?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 2 14 jjx1 0 they divided on both sides and Elisha crossed over The river separated and Elisha walked to the other side on dry ground, the same way he did previously when he was with Elijah.
2KI 2 14 q6wl 0 on both sides “to the right and the left.” This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water.
2KI 2 15 dm3g figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 15 fu1h figs-metonymy 0 The spirit of Elijah does rest on Elisha Here Elijah’s “spirit” refers to his spiritual power. This speaks of Elisha having this spiritual power as if it were something that physically rested upon him. Alternate translation: “Elisha does have the same spiritual power that Elijah did” or “The spiritual power Elijah had is now with Elisha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 2 16 tz77 figs-explicit 0 See now, among your servants there are fifty strong men. Let them go These men are referring to themselves when they say “fifty strong men.” Alternate translation: “See now, we are fifty strong men and we are now your servants. Let us go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 2 17 x4m5 figs-explicit 0 But when they urged Elisha until he was ashamed The sons of the prophets kept asking Elisha until he felt bad about saying “no.” Alternate translation: “They kept asking Elisha until he felt bad for denying their request, so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 2 18 s7q6 figs-rquestion 0 Did I not say to you, ‘Do not go’? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he had told them previously what would happen. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you that you should not go, because you would not find him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 2 19 s884 0 The men of the city “The leaders of the city”
2KI 2 19 k9c8 figs-explicit 0 the situation of this city is pleasant This means that the city is located in a good place. Alternate translation: “this city is in a good place” or “this city is in a good location” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 2 19 jfc3 0 as my master can see The men refer to Elisha here as “my master” to honor him.
2KI 2 21 jc7z figs-metaphor 0 healed these waters This speaks of Yahweh making the bad water pure as if he healed it. Alternate translation: “made the waters pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 2 21 q6wj figs-doublenegatives 0 there will be no more death or unfruitful land This refers to things caused by the bad water. This also can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “there will be no more death or problems with crops caused by this water” or “from now on this water will bring life and help the land become fruitful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 2 22 cpa7 figs-activepassive 0 the waters were healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the waters have remained pure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 2 22 ygc2 figs-idiom 0 to this day, ... spoke This means that something remains in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: “by the word which Elisha spoke, and have always remained pure since” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 23 jl1u 0 went up from there to Bethel The phrase “went up” is used her because Bethel is higher in elevation than Jericho.
2KI 2 23 y5ld figs-idiom 0 Go up The young boys wanted Elisha to go away from them and expressed this by saying “go up.” Alternate translation: “Go away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 2 24 tzw2 translate-numbers 0 forty-two of the boys “42 of the boys” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 3 intro k5ke 0 # 2 Kings 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Elisha continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Victory and defeat<br>God is in control of victory and defeat. The armies of Israel, Judah and Edom united to attack Moab from the desert for failure to pay tribute. When they ran out of water, they were in desperate condition. Therefore, they asked Elisha (the prophet of God) what to do and he said God would give them water and victory over Moab. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br><br>They described Elisha with the idiom, “who poured water on the hands of Elijah,” meaning “who served Elijah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Anger<br>It is said that, “Anger came on Israel.” It is not clear who was angry or why they were angry.<br>
2KI 3 1 hcb2 figs-explicit 0 in the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah This describes the time that Joram began to reign by stating how long the current king of Judah had reigned. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “in the eighteenth year that Jehoshaphat was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 1 t9pu translate-ordinal 0 the eighteenth year “year 18” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 3 1 gh3r 0 Joram son of Ahab Sometimes this man is referred to as “Jehoram.” This is not the same person as the man mentioned in [2 Kings 1:17](../01/17.md) named “Jehoram.”
2KI 3 2 dqh6 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh Here “sight” refers to Yahweh’s thoughts or opinion. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” or “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 3 2 ry4x figs-simile 0 but not like his father and his mother This compares how much evil he did to being less that the amount that his parents did. Alternate translation: “but he did not do as much evil as his father and mother had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 3 2 v3k7 figs-possession 0 the sacred stone pillar of Baal This pillar was used in the worship of Baal, though it is unknown what the pillar looked like. Alternate translation: “the sacred stone pillar for worshiping Baal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
2KI 3 3 u5f7 figs-idiom 0 he held on to the sins This is an idiom. Here “holding on” to something means to continue doing it. Alternate translation: “he continued to commit the sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 3 3 zgj1 figs-idiom 0 he did not turn away from them “Turning away” from something is an idiom which means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: “he did not stop committing those sins” or “he continued committing those sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 3 4 r82y figs-explicit 0 He had to give to the king of Israel 100,000 lambs and the wool of 100,000 rams Mesha had to give these things to the king of Israel because his kingdom was controlled by the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Every year he was forced to give 100,000 lambs and the wool from 100,000 rams to the king of Israel, because his kingdom was controlled by the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 6 kkb2 figs-synecdoche 0 to mobilize all Israel for war “to prepare the people of Israel for war.” Here “all Israel” refers to all of the Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: “to mobilize all of the Israelite soldiers for war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 7 uqt2 figs-synecdoche 0 Will you go with me against Moab to battle? The word “you” refers to Jehoshaphat, but refers to both him and his army. Here “Moab” stands for “the army of Moab.” Alternate translation: “Will you and your army go with me to fight against the army of Moab?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 7 zuz1 figs-synecdoche 0 I will go Jehoshaphat is saying that he and his entire army will fight with King Joram against Moab. Alternate translation: “We will go with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 7 qh7x figs-explicit 0 I am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses Jehoshaphat is letting Joram use himself, his people, and his horses for his purposes. He speaks of this as if they belonged to Joram. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “We are ready to do whatever you want us to. My soldiers and my horses are ready to help you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 8 cld5 0 By way of the wilderness of Edom “By going through the wilderness of Edom”
2KI 3 9 luy3 figs-synecdoche 0 the king of Israel went with the king of Judah and the king of Edom This refers to the kings accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: “the king of Israel and his army went with the king of Judah and his army and the king of Edom and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 9 ei9n 0 They wandered around Possible meanings are 1) the kings were not sure where they were going, and so they changed direction often or 2) the kings knew where they were going and they walked around Moab ([2 Kings 3:8](../03/08.md)).
2KI 3 10 w5es figs-rquestion 0 What is this? Has Yahweh called three kings to give them into the hand of Moab? The king uses a rhetorical question to emphasize how ridiculous and terrible their situation is. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “It looks like Yahweh will allow all three of us to be captured by Moab!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 3 10 lze9 figs-synecdoche 0 to give them into the hand of Moab Here “Moab” refers to its army. Also, “the hand of Moab” refers to the “control” of Moab’s army. Alternate translation: “to give us over to Moab’s control” or “so the army of Moab will defeat us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 3 11 m7as figs-rquestion 0 Is there not here a prophet of Yahweh, that we may consult Yahweh by him? Jehoshaphat uses a rhetorical question here to state that he is certain that there is a prophet there and to find out where he is. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am sure there is a prophet of Yahweh here! Tell me where one is, so we may consult Yahweh by him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 3 11 y2h5 figs-idiom 0 who poured water on the hands of Elijah This idiom means that he was Elijah’s helper. The phrase “poured water on the hands” is a description of one of the ways he served Elijah. Alternate translation: “who was a helper to Elijah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 3 12 gjn5 figs-explicit 0 The word of Yahweh is with him This means that he is a prophet and that Yahweh tells him what to say. Alternate translation: “He speaks what Yahweh tells him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 12 xm7z figs-explicit 0 went down to him They went to see Elijah and to consult with him about what they should do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “went to see Elisha to ask him what they should do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 13 r7z3 figs-rquestion 0 What have I to do with you? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he and the king have nothing in common. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have nothing to do with you.” or “I have nothing in common with you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 3 13 b5fg figs-metonymy 0 to give them into the hand of Moab Here the “hand of Moab” refers the Moab’s “control.” Alternate translation: “to give them over to the control of Moab” or “to allow them to be captured by the Moabite army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 3 14 y4by figs-simile 0 As Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, surely “As I know that Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, surely.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty that, if it were not for Jehoshaphat being there, he would not pay attention to Joram. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As surely as Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, I promise you, if it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 3 14 g8m7 figs-metaphor 0 before whom I stand Here serving Yahweh is spoken of as standing in his presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 3 14 js2s figs-doublenegatives 0 were it not for the fact that I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, I would not pay any attention to you This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “I pay attention to you only because I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 3 14 p915 figs-metonymy 0 I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat Here Jehoshaphat is referred to by his presence. Alternate translation: “I honor Jehoshaphat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 3 14 w5fa figs-parallelism 0 I would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you These two phrases have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize that he would not pay any attention to Joram. Alternate translation: “I would not have anything at all to do with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 3 15 hy8s 0 Then it came to pass “And it happened that”
2KI 3 15 hae4 figs-metonymy 0 the hand of Yahweh came upon Elisha Here Yahweh’s “hand” refers to his “power.” Alternate translation: “the power of Yahweh came upon Elisha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 3 17 yt5g figs-activepassive 0 this river valley will be filled with water This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will fill this river valley with water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 3 17 yr9t figs-explicit 0 you will drink This refers to drinking the water that Yahweh provides. Alternate translation: “you will drink the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 18 er4m figs-metaphor 0 This is an easy thing in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh considers this as an easy thing to do” or “This is an easy thing for Yahweh to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 3 19 ig6l figs-explicit 0 ruin every good piece of land with rocks This means to put rocks on the fertile land so that it is difficult to use. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “ruin every good piece of land by covering them with rocks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 20 bag3 0 there came water “water began flowing”
2KI 3 20 xh8j 0 the country was filled with water “and soon the country became filled with water”
2KI 3 21 by8m writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about the Moabite army preparing to meet the three kings and their armies in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2KI 3 21 yqn5 figs-metonymy 0 all who were able to put on armor Here “armor” represents ability to fight. Alternate translation: “all the men who could fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 3 21 ct3t figs-synecdoche 0 the kings had come Here the word “kings” refers to both the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the kings had come with their armies” or “the kings and their armies had come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 22 bxk5 figs-simile 0 it looked as red as blood This compares the red appearance of the water to the color of blood. Alternate translation: “it was red like blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 3 23 di7v figs-synecdoche 0 So now, Moab The soldiers are referring to themselves here as “Moab.” Alternate translation: “soldiers of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 23 bft2 0 plunder them “steal their belongings.” After an army defeated their enemies, they would often plunder their towns by stealing whatever was left of value.
2KI 3 24 eny7 figs-synecdoche 0 camp of Israel Here “Israel” refers only to the Israelite soldiers and not to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the area where the Israelite soldiers had set up their tents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 24 v7zw figs-synecdoche 0 the Israelites surprised Here “Israelites” refers only to the Israelite soldiers and not to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite soldiers surprised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 3 24 g9vn 0 fled before them “ran away from them”
2KI 3 25 fq8h figs-explicit 0 was left with its rocks in place The walls and buildings of the city were made of stones. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “still had its stone walls and buildings in place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 25 a4lh 0 with slings A “sling” is piece of animal skin with long cords at both ends in which a person can put a stone or other small, hard object and throw it a long distance.
2KI 3 26 l1sy 0 break through “force their way through.” There were many soldiers fighting on the battlefield which made it difficult to move though the crowd.
2KI 3 27 d4k7 figs-explicit 0 offered him as a burnt offering King Mesha burned his son with fire until he died. He did this as an offering to Chemosh, the false god of Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 3 27 izf1 figs-abstractnouns 0 So there was great anger against Israel Here the word “anger” can be expressed as a verb. There are two possibilities for who is angry here: 1) The Moabite soldiers. Alternate translation: “So the Moabite soldiers were very angry with Israel” or 2) God. Alternate translation: “So God was very angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 4 intro ma9j 0 # 2 Kings 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Elisha continues with a group of stories about the miracles Elisha did. (See: [2 Kings 4-6](./01.md) and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Widow<br>Elisha helps a widow financially, and he correctly prophesies that a barren woman would conceive and have a baby by the next year. Later, when that child dies, Elisha miraculously causes him to come back to life. Also, Elisha causes a poisonous food to no longer be harmful, and he miraculously feeds 100 people with only 20 loaves of bread.<br>
2KI 4 1 x1ua figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 4 1 iu5k 0 Your servant my husband “My husband, who was your servant”
2KI 4 2 rwy3 figs-hyperbole 0 nothing in the house, except a pot of oil This is an exaggeration. The only valuable thing she had was a jar of oil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 4 4 pea2 figs-explicit 0 you must go inside This means to go inside their house. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you must go inside your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 6 ln26 0 the vessels “the jars”
2KI 4 7 trw8 figs-explicit 0 the man of God This refers to Elisha. Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 7 u3px figs-idiom 0 live with your sons on the rest This is an idiom. It means to use the money to buy the things that they need, such as food and clothing. Alternate translation: “use the rest of the money for you and your sons for what you need to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 4 8 aab9 figs-explicit 0 she urged him to eat food with her This means that she asked him to stop and have a meal at her house. Alternate translation: “she asked him to come to her house to have a meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 8 zxt5 0 passed by “traveled through Shunem”
2KI 4 9 t6m9 0 See, now I realize “Now I understand”
2KI 4 9 s4jr 0 who is always passing by “who travels by regularly”
2KI 4 12 dj7q 0 Call this Shunammite “Call the Shunammite woman.” This refers to the woman from Shunem that Elisha was staying with.
2KI 4 13 u5ec figs-idiom 0 You have gone to all this trouble to care for us The phrase “gone to all this trouble” is an idiom that means to make great effort to do something. Alternate translation: “You have made a great effort to care for us” or “You have worked very hard to take care of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 4 13 vi6j figs-activepassive 0 What can be done for you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “What can we do for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 4 13 dm19 figs-explicit 0 Can we speak for you Here Elisha is asking if she would like for him to speak to the king or army commander to make a request for her. The implicit meaning of this question can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Can we make a request for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 13 v5zv figs-explicit 0 I live among my own people The woman is implying that she does not need anything because her family cares for her needs. Alternate translation: “I live surrounded by my family, and because they take care of me, I have no needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 15 cvk3 0 Call her “Ask her to come to see me”
2KI 4 15 r7hp 0 When he had called her “When Gehazi had called her”
2KI 4 15 tuw6 figs-metonymy 0 the door This refers to the doorway. Alternate translation: “the doorway” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 4 16 a4ew 0 your servant The woman refers to herself as Elisha’s servant to show him honor.
2KI 4 17 gn4c 0 at the same time in the following year “during the same season the next year”
2KI 4 18 r4hu 0 When the child had grown “When the child was older”
2KI 4 19 q4fx figs-explicit 0 My head, my head. The child said this because his head hurt. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “My head hurts! My head hurts!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 20 i924 figs-synecdoche 0 the child sat on her knees until noon and then died Here the woman’s knees refer to her lap. She held her son in her lap until he died. Alternate translation: “she held him on her lap until noon and then he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 4 21 hf6d figs-explicit 0 on the bed of the man of God This was the bed in the room she had prepared for Elisha when he traveled through Shunem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 21 a8m1 0 the man of God “Elisha, the man of God”
2KI 4 22 dr4k figs-explicit 0 that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back The woman told her husband she was going to see Elisha but she did not say that she was going because their son had died. This implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back.’ But she did not tell her husband that their son had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 23 v9f7 figs-explicit 0 It will be all right The woman states this, knowing this will be the case if her husband does as she requests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Everything will be all right if you do as I ask” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 24 r8pm figs-metonymy 0 she saddled a donkey The woman did not saddle the donkey, rather the servant would have saddled it for her. Alternate translation: “she had her servant saddle a donkey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 4 25 yqh5 0 So she went and came to the man of God at Mount Carmel “So she traveled toward Mount Carmel where Elisha, the man of God, was”
2KI 4 25 kpg9 0 So when the man of God saw her in the distance “While she was still far off, and Elisha saw her coming”
2KI 4 26 h6sp 0 It is alright “It is well” or “Yes, everything is fine”
2KI 4 27 kq55 0 the mountain “Mount Carmel”
2KI 4 27 r3nr figs-explicit 0 she caught hold of his feet This implies that she knelt or laid on the ground in front of him and grabbed his feet. Alternate translation: “she dropped down on the ground in front of him and put her hands around his feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 27 wjr1 0 Yahweh has hidden the problem from me, and has told me nothing Elisha can see that the woman is upset but Yahweh has not revealed to him the cause of her problem.
2KI 4 28 ct7i figs-rquestion 0 Did I ask you for a son, my master? Did I not say, ‘Do not deceive me’? The woman uses these rhetorical questions to show that she is upset about what has happened. She is speaking about her conversation with Elisha when he told her that she was going to have a son. These questions may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I did not ask you to give me a son, but I did ask you not to lie to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 4 29 g9dl 0 Dress for travel “Get ready to travel”
2KI 4 29 gd61 0 If you meet any man, do not greet him, and if anyone greets you, do not answer him Elisha wanted Gehazi to travel as quickly as possible, without even stopping to talk to anyone.
2KI 4 30 x58s 0 As Yahweh lives, and as you live “As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live.” This shows that the mother is taking an oath. The mother compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elisha are alive to the certainty of what she is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that”
2KI 4 31 nu33 figs-explicit 0 but the child did not speak or hear This means that the child was not alive. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but the child did not show any signs of being alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 31 pel6 figs-euphemism 0 has not awakened Here being dead is spoken of as being asleep. Alternate translation: “is still dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 4 33 xt9g 0 So Elisha went in and shut the door on the child and himself “So Elisha went by himself into the room where the child lay, closed the door”
2KI 4 35 k6ei 0 stretched himself out on the boy “laid on top of the boy again”
2KI 4 36 i9qz 0 the Shunammite “the Shunammite woman”
2KI 4 37 rvs8 translate-symaction 0 Then she lay facedown on the ground at his feet and bowed to the ground The woman bowed down before Elisha as a sign of great respect and appreciation. Alternate translation: “Then she bowed in front of Elisha with her face to the ground to show him her gratitude” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 4 38 j4lk figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This is an idiom. It does not mean that they were actually the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 4 38 mkn9 0 stew This is a dish that is usually made of meat and vegetables cooked in a pot with liquid.
2KI 4 39 n9y9 0 wild gourds These vegetables were growing wild, meaning someone had not planted them.
2KI 4 39 e7es 0 fill the fold of his robe He lifted the bottom edge of his robe up to his waist to make a place to carry more gourds than he could carry with his hands only.
2KI 4 39 e55c figs-explicit 0 but did not know what kind they were Since they did not know what kind of gourds they were they did not know whether or not they were safe to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “but did not know if they were good or bad to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 4 40 q1p2 0 they poured out the stew “they poured the stew into bowls”
2KI 4 40 bvf8 figs-metonymy 0 there is death in the pot This means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. Alternate translation: “there is something in the pot that will kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 4 41 ss47 0 He threw it into the pot “He added it to the stew in the pot”
2KI 4 41 r9hq 0 Pour it out for the people “Serve it to the people”
2KI 4 42 h26n 0 from the new harvest “made from the grain from the new harvest”
2KI 4 42 xa59 0 fresh ears of grain “fresh heads of grain.” This refers to grain from the new harvest.
2KI 4 43 l9rl figs-rquestion 0 What, should I set this before a hundred men? The man uses this rhetorical question to imply that this is not enough bread to feed 100 men. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “That is not enough to feed a hundred men!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 4 43 tp2l translate-numbers 0 a hundred men “100 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 4 44 ra7w figs-metonymy 0 the word of Yahweh Here Yahweh is referred to by what he said. This phrase is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 5 intro n1ty 0 # 2 Kings 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br>
2KI 5 1 t6rp figs-metonymy 0 in his master’s view “sight.” The king’s “view” represents what he thinks about something. Alternate translation: “in the king’s opinion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 5 1 pdy1 0 because by him Yahweh had given victory to Aram Here “Aram” refers to the Aramean army. Alternate translation: “because through Naaman, Yahweh had given victory to the Aramean army”
2KI 5 2 seh1 figs-synecdoche 0 The Arameans had gone out Here the “Arameans” refer to the Aramean soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 5 2 vyi9 0 raiding in bands “in small groups attacking.” This means to go out attacking an enemy in small groups.
2KI 5 3 nz19 0 The girl said to her mistress The girl from Israel, who had been captured by the Aramean soldiers, spoke to Naaman’s wife.
2KI 5 3 mnp1 0 my master Here “my master” refers to Naaman.
2KI 5 5 mq1r figs-explicit 0 I will send a letter The king is going to give the letter to Naaman to take with him to the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will send a letter with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 5 kp6b translate-numbers 0 ten talents of silver, six thousand pieces of gold “10 talents of silver, 6,000 pieces of gold.” This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “330 kilograms of sliver, 6,000 pieces of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
2KI 5 5 ge56 figs-explicit 0 took with him ten ... clothes This were gifts from the king of Aram for the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “took with him ten ... clothes, which were gifts for the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 7 q6lq translate-symaction 0 he tore his clothes Often people would rip their clothes if they were in great distress. Alternate translation: “he ripped his clothes to show his distress” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 5 7 ief7 figs-rquestion 0 Am I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man wants me to cure a man of his leprosy? The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the request of the king of Aram is outrageous and something he cannot do. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The king of Aram must think I am some sort of God, with the power over death and life! He wants me to cure this man of his leprosy, but I cannot do that.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 7 v9df figs-explicit 0 It seems he is seeking to start an argument with me The king of Israel did not believe the request to heal Naamam was the real reason for the letter. He thought the real reason was to start a fight. Alternate translation: “It seems he is looking for an excuse to start a fight with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 8 uj3n figs-rquestion 0 Why have you torn your clothes? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to the king that he does not need to be distressed and tear his clothes. Alternate translation: “There is no need to be distressed and tear your clothes.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 10 qqs5 figs-activepassive 0 your flesh will be restored This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “your flesh will be well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 5 10 p9ph figs-metaphor 0 you will be clean this means that he will no longer be unclean. A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. God considers a person who has leprosy as being defiled and unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 5 11 kr9b 0 Look This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2KI 5 11 z6ex figs-metonymy 0 the name of Yahweh Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate translation: “Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 5 11 an1r 0 over the place “over the diseased area of my skin” or “over my leprosy”
2KI 5 12 yxw5 figs-rquestion 0 Are not Abanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? Naaman uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the Abanah and the Pharpar are better rivers than the Jordan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The Abanah and the Pharpar Rivers, in my home country of Aram, are much better than any of the rivers of Israel! (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 12 iln3 figs-rquestion 0 Can I not bathe in them and be clean? Naaman uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he could have bathed in the other rivers easily. He believes that bathing in them could heal him just as bathing in the Jordan could. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I should have just bathed in them and been healed!” or “I could just as easily have bathed in them and been healed!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2KI 5 12 d7lx 0 went away in a rage “was very angry as he walked away”
2KI 5 13 vet4 0 My father The servants were showing respect to Naaman by addressing him as “my father” or “sir.”
2KI 5 13 yvc6 figs-rquestion 0 would you not have done it? The servant uses this question to carefully rebuke Naaman. Alternate translation: “you surely would have done it!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 13 jg7y figs-ellipsis 0 How much rather then The servant is comparing how much more willing Naaman should be to obey a simple command since he is willing to obey a difficult one. Alternate translation: “How much more willing you should be to obey” or “Should you not be even more willing to obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 5 13 yyd5 figs-rquestion 0 How much rather then, when he says to you to simply, ‘Dip yourself and be clean? The servant uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to Naaman that he should obey Elisha’s command. This question can be written as statement. Alternate translation: “You should be even more willing to obey when he says to you simply, ‘Dip yourself and be clean.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 14 t8jh 0 the man of God “Elisha, the man of God”
2KI 5 14 mgk2 figs-simile 0 His flesh was restored again like the flesh of a little child This speaks how smooth Namaan’s skin is after he is healed by comparing it to the skin of a young child. Alternate translation: “His flesh was restored again and was as soft as the flesh of a young child” or “His skin was well again and was smooth like a young child’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 5 14 fh8a 0 His flesh “His skin”
2KI 5 14 y52x figs-activepassive 0 he was healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his leprosy was gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 5 15 y16h 0 Look This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2KI 5 15 j17q 0 there is no God in all the earth except in Israel “the only God in all the earth is in Israel”
2KI 5 16 d9cf figs-simile 0 As Yahweh lives, before whom I stand, I “As surely as I know that Yahweh lives, before whom I stand.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty that he will not receive any gifts from Naaman. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As surely as Yahweh lives, before whom I stand, I promise you that I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 5 16 ha3t figs-metaphor 0 before whom I stand Here serving Yahweh is spoken of as standing in his presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 5 16 rt86 figs-explicit 0 I will receive nothing This means that he will not accept any gifts. Alternate translation: “I will not take any gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 17 wz69 figs-ellipsis 0 If not The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: “If you will not take the gifts I have brought for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 5 17 uf7s figs-activepassive 0 let there be given to your servant This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “let me have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 5 17 iy2l figs-explicit 0 two mule loads of earth Naaman is asking to take soil from Israel and place it in sacks for two mules to carry home with him. He then plans to build an altar on the soil. Alternate translation: “as much soil from Israel as two mules can carry, so that I can build an altar to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 17 j1as 0 your servant Naaman refers to himself as Elisha’s servant to honor him.
2KI 5 17 fvw4 figs-doublenegatives 0 will offer neither burnt offering nor sacrifice to any god but Yahweh This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “will not offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any god but Yahweh” or “will only offer burnt offerings and sacrifices to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 5 18 w99e 0 he leans on my hand “he supports himself on my arm.” This means that Naaman assists the king when he bows in the house of Rimmon because the king is either old or sick.
2KI 5 19 t8ub 0 Go in peace “Go home and do not worry” or “Leave without fear”
2KI 5 20 rr3d 0 He had traveled “Naaman had traveled”
2KI 5 20 e8j4 translate-names 0 Gehazi See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 4:12](../04/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 5 20 agk6 0 Look This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2KI 5 20 d3ge 0 has spared this Naaman the Aramean “has let Naaman the Aramean leave too easily”
2KI 5 20 zf65 0 by not receiving “by not accepting”
2KI 5 20 d1p9 figs-synecdoche 0 from his hands Here Naaman is referred to by his hands to emphasize the act of giving. Alternate translation: “from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 5 20 bj14 figs-simile 0 As Yahweh lives “As surely as Yahweh lives.” Here Gehazi compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty of what he has decided to do. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As Yahweh lives, I promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 5 22 my23 figs-idiom 0 of the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “from among the prophets there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 5 22 e1md figs-explicit 0 Please give them a talent of silver and two changes of clothes Gehazi is asking Naaman to give these things to him so that he can take them and give them to the prophets. Alternate translation: “Please give me a talent of sliver and two changes of clothes to give to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 22 a896 0 See This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2KI 5 22 m6yl translate-bweight 0 a talent of silver This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “33 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
2KI 5 23 eu8w translate-bweight 0 two talents This can be written in modern measurements. This talents are of silver. Alternate translation: “two talents of silver” or “66 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 5 23 hvj3 0 laid them on two “gave them to”
2KI 5 23 dk33 figs-explicit 0 Naaman urged Gehazi Naaman urged him to take gifts. Alternate translation: “Naaman urged Gehazi to take the gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 5 25 g7mt 0 Your servant Gehazi refers to himself here as Elisha’s servant.
2KI 5 26 vnd5 figs-rquestion 0 Was not my spirit with you when the man turned his chariot to meet you? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that Yahweh allowed him to see what Gehazi had done. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have realized that my spirit could see you when Naaman stopped his chariot and talked to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 26 db2t figs-rquestion 0 Is this a time to accept money ... female servants? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that this is not the time take gifts. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is not the time to accept money ... female servants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 5 27 zy6v 0 the leprosy of Naaman will be on you and your descendants This speaks of Gehazi and his descendant getting leprosy as if Naaman’s leprosy was taken from him and given to Gehazi. Alternate translation: “you and your descendants will have leprosy, just as Naaman had leprosy”
2KI 5 27 qcw4 figs-idiom 0 So Gehazi went out from his presence The phrase “his presence” refers to the area where Elisha could see him. This means that he left the room where Elisha was. Alternate translation: “When Gehazi left the room, he was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 5 27 j8kw figs-simile 0 as white as snow Leprosy makes skin white. Here Gehazi’s leprous skin is compared to the color of snow. Alternate translation: “with skin that was white like snow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 6 intro x6uv 0 # 2 Kings 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==Impossible actions ==<br>Elisha caused an iron ax head to float. He fooled the whole army of Aram that was sent to arrest him. When the king of Aram besieged the capital of Israel, the people became so hungry they started eating their children. Elisha told the king of Israel that there would be plenty of food the next day, but the king’s counselor said it was impossible.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical question<br>The king’s counselor expressed his unbelief in Elisha’s prophecy of plenty of food: “See, even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven, can this thing happen?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])<br>
2KI 6 1 u5ch figs-idiom 0 The sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “The group of prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 2 g72i figs-explicit 0 let us go to the Jordan This refers to the area by the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “let us go beside the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 3 hhg8 0 your servants Here one of the prophet refers to the of the sons of the prophets as Elisha’s servants to show him honor.
2KI 6 5 bz3i 0 the ax head fell into the water The ax head refers to the blade of the ax. This means that the ax head came loose from its the handle and fell into the water. Alternate translation: “the ax head separated from the handle and fell into the water”
2KI 6 5 aig1 0 Oh no The man said this to show that he was upset and frustrated. If you have a way of expressing these emotions in your language, you can use it here.
2KI 6 5 e14a figs-activepassive 0 it was borrowed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I borrowed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 6 6 b5x5 0 So the man of God said “So Elisha, the man of God, asked”
2KI 6 6 vgb6 0 He then cut off a stick, threw it in the water, and made the iron float God uses Elisha to perform a miracle. The ax head rises to the surface of the water and it stays there so the prophet can pick it up.
2KI 6 8 iyb8 figs-quotations 0 saying, “My camp will be in such and such a place The king of Aram was telling his counselors where to set up the camp. Here the phrase “such and such” is a way to refer to the information of the location of the camp without writing it out. If this phase does not translate well into your language this may be written as indirect speech. Alternate translation: “and told them where his camp would be located” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2KI 6 9 k7a6 0 the man of God “Elisha the man of God”
2KI 6 9 e7xw 0 Be careful not to pass that place, for the Arameans are going down there Elisha knew the specific place that the Arameans were going to set up their camp and advised the king of Israel for his soldiers to avoid that area.
2KI 6 10 ta6i 0 to the place about which the man of God had spoken and warned him This refers to the place that Elisha had warned the king about in [2 Kings 6:9](../06/09.md).
2KI 6 10 dp7h figs-explicit 0 More than once or twice, when the king went there, he was on his guard Elisha would warn the king of where the Aramean army would attack so that he could alert the people before the attack happened. Alternate translation: “Elisha warned the king of Israel in this way several times and the Israelites were able to stay safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 11 uas1 figs-rquestion 0 Will you not tell me who among us is for the king of Israel? The king of Aram assumes there is a traitor among his soldiers who is giving information to the Israelite king. He uses this rhetorical question to try to find out who that traitor is. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me which of you is for the king of Israel!” or “Tell me which of you is revealing our plans to the king of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 6 11 i6k1 figs-idiom 0 is for the king of Israel “To be for someone” means to be loyal to that person. In this case, it means that they would give information to help the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “is helping the king of Israel” or “is loyal to the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 12 j6i2 figs-explicit 0 No The servant is saying that none of the king’s soldiers are giving information to the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “It is none of us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 12 kf93 0 the words that you speak in your own bedroom “what you say in the privacy of your own bedroom”
2KI 6 13 zc42 figs-metonymy 0 I may send men and capture him The king plans to send the men to capture Elisha for him. The king does not plan to capture him himself. Alternate translation: “I may send men to capture him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 13 dwq5 0 See This word is used here to draw the king’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2KI 6 13 j6jn 0 he is in Dothan “Elisha is in Dothan”
2KI 6 15 bva6 0 the man of God “Elisha” or “Elisha the man of God”
2KI 6 15 s75p 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw.
2KI 6 15 ic1z 0 had risen early and gone outside, behold “got up early in the morning and went outside, and he saw”
2KI 6 15 nj18 figs-explicit 0 His servant said to him The servant went back inside the house to tell Elisha what he had seen. Alternate translation: “The servant went back inside and said to Elisha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 16 akl9 figs-idiom 0 those who are with us are more than those who are with them “To be with someone” in battle means to fight for their side. Alternate translation: “those who are on our side in the battle are more than those who are on their side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 17 lck2 figs-idiom 0 open his eyes that he may see Elisha is asking that his servant may be able to see things that other people cannot see, namely the horses and chariots of fire that are around them. Alternate translation: “make him able to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 17 z4r5 0 he saw. Behold “he could see. What he saw was that”
2KI 6 17 z6di 0 Behold The word “Behold” here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw.
2KI 6 17 si9b 0 the mountain was full of horses “the mountainside was covered with horses”
2KI 6 17 qyw8 figs-metonymy 0 around Elisha This refers to the city where Elisha is. Alternate translation: “around the city where Elisha was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 18 v378 0 Strike these people blind “Cause these people to be blind!” This refers to Yahweh causing them to be unable to see clearly.
2KI 6 19 w7lp figs-explicit 0 This is not the way, neither is this the city Elisha confuses the Arameans by telling them that they are not at the city they are searching for. Alternate translation: “This is not the way, neither is this the city you are looking for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 20 i4n4 0 It came about that “It happened that” or “Then,”
2KI 6 20 ns1b figs-idiom 0 open the eyes of these men that they may see Elisha is asking Yahweh to cause the men to see clearly again. Alternate translation: “allow these men to see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 20 vd3f figs-idiom 0 Yahweh opened their eyes and they saw Yahweh allowed the men to see clearly again. Alternate translation: “Yahweh took away their blindness” or “Yahweh allowed them to see clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 20 jcr4 0 behold The word “behold” here shows that the Arameans were surprised by what they saw.
2KI 6 21 y74c 0 when he saw them “when he saw the Aramean soldiers”
2KI 6 21 r85j 0 My father The king is speaking to Elisha the prophet and calling him “father” to show respect.
2KI 6 21 w4i5 figs-metonymy 0 should I kill them? Should I kill them? Here the king of Israel is referring to his army as himself. Alternate translation: “Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 22 we2x 0 Elisha answered Elisha was replying to the king of Israel’s question.
2KI 6 22 uvl9 figs-rquestion 0 Would you kill those whom you had taken captive with your sword and bow? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to rebuke the king and tell him not to kill these men. The words “sword and bow” are a metonym for war in which soldiers use swords and bows and arrows. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You would not kill men whom you had captured in war, so you should not kill these men.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 22 p6iq figs-synecdoche 0 Put bread and water before them, that they may eat and drink Here “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “Give them food to eat and water to drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 6 23 bl78 figs-metonymy 0 So the king prepared much food for them The king ordered his servants to prepare the food. He did not prepare the food himself. Alternate translation: “Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 23 ssk3 0 Those bands “Those groups”
2KI 6 23 yc6t figs-explicit 0 did not return for a long time into the land of Israel This means that they did not attack Israel for a long time. Alternate translation: “stopped attacking the land of Israel for a long time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 24 wce5 translate-names 0 Ben Hadad The name of the king of Aram. His name means “son of Hadad.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 6 24 qq7j figs-synecdoche 0 attacked Samaria The king and his army attacked Samaria. Alternate translation: “they attacked Samaria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 6 25 qv4k 0 Behold The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
2KI 6 25 fhe7 figs-activepassive 0 a donkey’s head was sold for This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a donkey’s head cost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 6 25 w1hd translate-numbers 0 eighty pieces of silver “80 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 6 25 zt5y translate-bvolume 0 the fourth part of a kab This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a fourth part of a liter” or “a quarter of a liter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
2KI 6 25 qsq1 translate-fraction 0 the fourth part This is one part out of four equal parts. Alternate translation: “one fourth” or “a quarter” or “1/4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
2KI 6 25 rs62 figs-ellipsis 0 dove’s dung for The words “was sold for” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “dove’s dung was sold for” or “dove’s dung cost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 6 26 s9jn 0 was passing by on the wall “walking on top of the city wall”
2KI 6 27 hhf3 0 He said “The king of Israel answered the woman,”
2KI 6 27 i7qs figs-rquestion 0 If Yahweh does not help you, how can I help you? The king uses this rhetorical question to tell the woman that he cannot help her. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “If Yahweh is not helping you, then I cannot help you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 6 27 x15q figs-rquestion 0 Is there anything coming from the threshing floor or winepress? The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no food available. Here the threshing floor refers to grain and the winepress refers to wine. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is nothing coming from the threshing floor or the winepress.” or “There is no food to harvest or any grapes to make wine to drink.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 6 28 ud9v 0 The king continued “The king said.” This means that they continued talking.
2KI 6 29 x1zj 0 we boiled “we cooked”
2KI 6 30 b5qa figs-metonymy 0 heard the words of the woman The words “the words” are a metonym for what the woman said. Alternate translation: “heard the woman tell what she and the other woman had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 6 30 run8 translate-symaction 0 he tore his clothes The king ripped his outer garment to show his distress. Alternate translation: “he tore his clothes in grief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 6 30 ht3d 0 now he was passing by on the wall He had been walking on the city wall when the woman called out to him in [2 Kings 6:24](../06/24.md). Now he continued walking along it.
2KI 6 30 ss3c translate-symaction 0 he had sackcloth underneath, against his skin By wearing sackcloth even for his undergarments, the king showed that he was very sad and upset. Alternate translation: “he had sackcloth underneath his outer garment, against his skin” or “he was wearing sackcloth underneath his robe because he was very upset” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 6 31 uj2p figs-euphemism 0 May God do so to me, and more also The king is saying he hopes God will punish him and even kill him if Elisha the prophet does not die because of the things that have happened in the city of Samaria. Alternate translation: “May God punish me and kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 6 31 se8b figs-explicit 0 if the head of Elisha son of Shaphat remains on him today This refers to Elisha dying, specifically be being beheaded. Alternate translation: “if Elisha son of Shaphat is not beheaded today” or “if my soldiers do not behead Elisha son of Shaphat today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 32 l5iz figs-idiom 0 The king sent a man from before him “To be before the king” means to be one of his servants. Alternate translation: “The king of Israel sent one of his servants as a messenger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 32 q454 figs-explicit 0 when the messenger came to Elisha, he said to the elders Here Elisha is speaking to the elders right before the king’s messenger arrived. Alternate translation: “when the messenger had almost arrived, Elisha said to the elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 6 32 n9c4 figs-rquestion 0 See how this son of a murderer has sent to take away my head? Elisha uses this rhetorical question to draw attention to the kings messenger and to insult the king. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “See, this son of a murderer has sent someone to remove my head!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 6 32 vw57 figs-idiom 0 son of a murderer This means that the king of Israel has the characteristics of a murderer. Alternate translation: “this man who is like a murderer” or “that murderer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 32 evx7 figs-ellipsis 0 has sent to It is understood that he sent a person. Alternate translation: “has sent someone to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 6 32 xt8t figs-euphemism 0 to take away my head This means to behead him. Alternate translation: “to cut off my head” or “to behead me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 6 32 nrb2 0 Look, when Elisha uses this word here to draw the elder’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen to what I want you to do: when”
2KI 6 32 sy1a figs-idiom 0 hold the door shut against him If a door is shut against someone it means that it is closed and that they may not enter through it. Alternate translation: “hold the door shut so that he cannot come in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 32 m2uv figs-rquestion 0 Is not the sound of his master’s feet behind him? Elisha uses this question to assure the elders that the king is coming not far behind him. This rhetorical question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The sound of his master’s feet is right behind him.” or “The king will be coming along soon after he arrives.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 6 33 uca5 0 behold, the messenger The word “behold” alerts us to the arrival of the messenger.
2KI 6 33 qg92 figs-explicit 0 the messenger came down to him The messenger arrived, and so did the king, as Elisha had said he would. The phrase “came down to him” means that they arrived at the place where he was. Alternate translation: “the messenger and the king arrived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 6 33 q6nq 0 Behold “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
2KI 6 33 hk72 0 this trouble “Indeed, this trouble.” The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. The phrase “this trouble” refers to the famine in Samaria and the suffering it caused.
2KI 6 33 txv7 figs-explicit 0 Why should I wait for Yahweh any longer? This king use this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not believe that Yahweh is going to help them. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Why should I continue to wait for Yahweh to help us?” or “I will not wait any longer for help from Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 7 intro tr2p 0 # 2 Kings 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Fear<br>God caused the army of Aram to hear the sound of an enormous army approaching so they all ran away leaving all their food behind.<br>
2KI 7 1 tu65 figs-explicit 0 a measure of fine flour will be sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel It is implied that the Israelites will be paying less money for these item than they had been. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will sell a measure of fine flour for a shekel and two measures of barley for a shekel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 7 1 cq3p translate-bvolume 0 a measure of fine flour ... two measures of barley Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “7 liters of fine flour ... 14 liters of barley” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
2KI 7 1 y4hp translate-bmoney 0 a shekel A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 7 2 su6x figs-metaphor 0 the captain on whose hand the king leaned A high ranking captain who was the king’s personal assistant is spoken of as if he was a person on whom the king leaned his hand. Alternate translation: “the captain who was close to the king” or “the captain who was the king’s personal assistant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 7 2 s4x6 figs-metaphor 0 even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven Yahweh causing much rain to fall in order to make the crops grow is spoken of as if Yahweh were opening windows in heaven through which he pours down rain. Alternate translation: “even if Yahweh were to cause much rain to fall from heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 7 2 wdq1 figs-rquestion 0 can this thing happen? The captain asks this question to express his unbelief. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “this could never happen!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 7 2 wqh6 figs-synecdoche 0 you will watch it happen with your own eyes The phrase “with your own eyes” emphasizes that the captain will certainly see the things that Elisha prophesied. Alternate translation: “you yourself will watch these things happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 7 2 d4g8 0 but you will not eat any of it “but you will not eat any of the flour or barely”
2KI 7 3 bwd4 figs-rquestion 0 Why should we sit here until we die? Although there were four men, probably only one of them asks this question. The question is rhetorical and emphasizes that they should not do this. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly we should not sit here until we die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 7 4 phg1 0 If they keep us alive, we will live, and if they kill us, we will only die The four men with leprosy are saying that the Arameans might feed them so that they can live, or they might kill them, which would be no worse since they would die anyway.
2KI 7 5 s9aa 0 at twilight This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark.
2KI 7 6 mi4l 0 the Aramean army hear a noise of chariots, and a noise of horses—the noise of another large army The soldiers of the Aramean army heard noises that sounded like a large army approaching to battle them. This was not an actual army, but the Lord had made them hear these sounds.
2KI 7 6 ue8p 0 they said to each other “the Aramean soldiers said to each other”
2KI 7 6 msm4 figs-synecdoche 0 the kings of the Hittites and Egyptians Here the word “kings” represents the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of the Hittites and the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 7 6 z55a 0 to come against us “to fight us” or “to attack us”
2KI 7 7 q69m 0 General Information: This is what happened after the Lord caused the Aramean soldiers to think they heard a large enemy army approaching their camp.
2KI 7 7 nsr2 0 in the twilight This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark.
2KI 7 8 pq49 0 plunder This refers to items that a conquering army takes from another army that they have defeated. Here it refers to “silver and gold and clothes.”
2KI 7 9 rl1z 0 until daybreak “until morning”
2KI 7 9 bw6k figs-metaphor 0 punishment will overtake us Someone punishing the four men is spoken of as if punishment were a person who captures them. Alternate translation: “the people will punish us” or “someone will punish us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2KI 7 9 mg3r figs-metonymy 0 tell the king’s household Here the word “household” represents the people who live in the king’s palace. Alternate translation: “tell the king and his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 7 10 n961 figs-explicit 0 as they were The implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “as they were when the soldiers were still there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 7 11 c178 figs-activepassive 0 then it was told inside the king’s household This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then people told it inside the king’s household” or “then people told it to the king and those in his palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 7 12 i2pp 0 have done to us “are planning to do to us” or “have done to deceive us”
2KI 7 13 sp83 figs-explicit 0 the horses that remain, which are left in the city Many of the horses belonging to the Israelites had died because of the famine. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the horses in the city that are still alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 7 13 gv7r figs-explicit 0 see The implicit information about what he wanted to see may be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: “see if what these lepers have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 7 14 ns26 figs-explicit 0 Go and see The implicit information about what the king wanted them to see may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Go and see if what these lepers have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 7 15 zcq2 0 They went after them to the Jordan “They followed the path the Aramean army took all the way to the Jordan River”
2KI 7 15 l1aa figs-hyperbole 0 all the road was full of clothes and equipment This is an exaggeration that means the men saw these items scattered along the road as they traveled. Alternate translation: “there were clothes and equipment all along the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 7 16 pu67 figs-activepassive 0 So a measure of fine flour was sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So people sold a measure of fine flour for a shekel and two measures of barley for a shekel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 7 16 eh13 translate-bvolume 0 a measure of fine flour ... two measures of barley Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “7 liters of fine flour ... 14 liters of barley” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
2KI 7 16 pys5 translate-bmoney 0 a shekel A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 7 16 tv5d figs-metonymy 0 just as the word of Yahweh had said Here “word” represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 7 17 hws6 figs-metaphor 0 the captain on whose hand he had leaned A high ranking captain who was the king’s personal assistant is spoken of as if he were a person on whom the king leaned his hand. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “the captain who was close to the king” or “the captain who was the king’s personal assistant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 7 17 r27e 0 trampled him down The crowd of people were in such a rush to get to the food in the camp that they knocked over the man and trampled him to death.
2KI 7 18 a3ew writing-endofstory 0 General Information: In this verse, the writer summarizes what happened by repeating the events that he described in [2 Kings 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
2KI 7 18 ky49 0 About this time “About this time tomorrow”
2KI 7 18 y32g translate-bvolume 0 two measures of barley ... a measure of fine flour Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “14 liters of barley ... 7 liters of fine flour” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
2KI 7 18 kz43 translate-bmoney 0 a shekel A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 7 19 n3ly writing-endofstory 0 General Information: In this verse, the writer summarizes what happened by repeating the events that he described in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
2KI 7 19 g1xx 0 See “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
2KI 7 19 gkc2 figs-metaphor 0 even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven Yahweh causing much rain to fall in order to make the crops grow is spoken of as if Yahweh were opening windows in heaven through which he pours down rain. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “even if Yahweh were to cause much rain to fall from heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 7 19 k7aj figs-rquestion 0 can this thing happen? The captain asks this question to express his unbelief. This question can be translated as a statement. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “this could never happen!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 7 19 z799 figs-synecdoche 0 you will watch it happen with your own eyes The phrase “with your own eyes” emphasizes that the captain will certainly see the things that Elisha prophesied. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “you yourself will watch these things happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 7 19 e8ni 0 but you will not eat any of it “but you will not eat any of the flour or barley”
2KI 8 intro bje7 0 # 2 Kings 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Kings<br>Elisha told Hazael that he would be king of Aram. Jehoram became king of Judah. He was evil so Edom and Libna revolted and chose their own kings. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br>
2KI 8 1 d8nn 0 he had restored to life “he had caused to become alive again”
2KI 8 1 imp7 0 Arise, and go To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he needs to do. Alternate translation: “Do as I say, and go”
2KI 8 2 j2gk 0 the woman arose and she obeyed the word of the man of God To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he needs to do. She may have been standing when she heard Elisha speak and decided to go.
2KI 8 3 z25q figs-explicit 0 for her house and for her land While the woman was gone, her home and property were sieged. She is begging for them to be returned to her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “for her home and her property to be returned to her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 4 a78n writing-background 0 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells us background information about what the king was doing when the woman arrived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2KI 8 5 dt7a 0 had restored to life the child who was dead “had caused the child who was dead to become alive again”
2KI 8 5 yfr8 figs-explicit 0 for her house and land While the woman was gone, her home and property were sieged. She is begging for them to be returned to her. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “for her home and her property to be returned to her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 6 zv9x figs-explicit 0 about her son This refers to the story of her son dying and Elisha bringing him back to life. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “about what had happened to her son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 6 lmk8 figs-metonymy 0 all the harvests of her fields This metonym refers to the amount of money that the harvests of her fields were worth while she was away. Alternate translation: “all the profit from the harvests of her fields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 7 e6xa translate-names 0 Ben Hadad This is the name of the king of Aram. His name means “son of Hadad.” See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 6:24](../06/24.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 8 8 q5ru figs-synecdoche 0 Take a gift Hazael was to take many gifts, not just one. Alternate translation: “take many gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 8 8 gw6t figs-idiom 0 in your hand The phrase “in your hand” is an idiom meaning for him to take the gifts with him. Alternate translation: “with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 8 8 weg2 0 the man of God “Elisha, the man of God”
2KI 8 8 ks64 0 consult with Yahweh through him, saying “ask Elisha to ask Yahweh”
2KI 8 9 bpb7 0 carried by forty camels This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which forty camels carried”
2KI 8 9 sg7r figs-metaphor 0 Your son Ben Hadad king of Aram Ben Hadad was not actually Elisha’s son, but Hazael called him that to show a close relationship between them. Alternate translation: “Ben Hadad, the king of Aram, who is like a son to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 8 11 y1jt 0 until he was ashamed “until Hazael felt uncomfortable”
2KI 8 12 cp79 figs-synecdoche 0 you will do The word “you” represents Hazael and refers to himself and the soldiers under his control when he is king. Alternate translation: “you will cause to happen” or “you will order your soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 8 12 rs1h figs-metonymy 0 You will set ... you will kill The word “you” represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate translation: “You soldiers will set ... your soldiers will kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 12 mwe9 0 dash in pieces their little ones “crush their little children.” This is a brutal description of the soldiers killing children.
2KI 8 12 c5cf figs-metonymy 0 kill their young men with the sword This means that the men will be killed in battle. The sword was the main weapon used in battle. Alternate translation: “kill their young men in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 12 m5j3 figs-explicit 0 rip open their pregnant women Specifically this refers to tear open their stomachs. Alternate translation: “rip open the stomachs of their pregnant women with swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 13 t6fk figs-rquestion 0 Who is your servant, that he should do this great thing? Hazel refers to himself here as Elisha’s servant. Hazel uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not think he could do the terrible things that Elisha has said. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I could never do such great things!” or “Who am I, that I would have the power to do such things?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 8 13 jrg4 0 this great thing “this terrible thing.” Here the word “great” refers to something that has a large effect and is terrible.
2KI 8 13 pk37 figs-metaphor 0 He is only a dog Hazael is talking about himself. He speaks of his low status and lack of influence by comparing himself to a dog. Here a dog represents a lowly animal. Alternate translation: “I am as powerless as a dog” or “I am as powerless as a lowly animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 8 14 u24x 0 came to his master The phrase “his master” refers to Ben Hadad.
2KI 8 15 k77k figs-explicit 0 face so that he died This means that Ben Hadad suffocated under the wet blanket. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “face. Ben Hadad was unable to breathe through it, and so he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 16 twh9 figs-explicit 0 In the fifth year of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel This describes the time that Jehoram began to reign over Judah by stating how long Joram, the current king of Israel, had been reigning. Alternate translation: “In the fifth year that Jorman son of Ahab was king of Israel” or “In year five of the reign of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 17 yy79 translate-numbers 0 thirty-two years old “32 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 8 18 n85x figs-idiom 0 Jehoram walked in the ways of the kings of Israel Here “walking” is an idiom that refers to how he lived and reigned as king. At this time in history, the recent kings of Israel had been evil kings. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Jehoram was an evil king, just as other kings of Israel who ruled before him had been” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 18 dj52 figs-metonymy 0 as the house of Ahab was doing Here the “house” of Ahab refers to the members of Ahab’s family and his recent descendants. Ahab is Jehoram father-in-law. Alternate translation: “the same as the rest of the family of Ahab was doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 18 s1wc 0 for he had Ahab’s daughter as his wife Jehoram had married king Ahab’s daughter.
2KI 8 18 p4ym figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in Yahweh’s sight The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 8 19 j8s5 figs-metonymy 0 destroy Judah Here “Judah” is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “destroy the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 19 yb5a figs-explicit 0 since he had told him that he would always give him descendants “since Yahweh had told David that he would always give David descendants.” This refers to Yahweh’s promise to David that his descendants would always rule Judah. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “since he had told David that his descendants would always rule Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 20 g8i2 0 Edom revolted from under “Edom rebelled against”
2KI 8 20 lj7q figs-metonymy 0 the hand of Judah Here the word “hand” refers to the control of Judah, and “Judah” refers specifically to the king of Judah. Alternate translation: “the control of the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 20 m55m 0 they set a king over themselves “they appointed a king to rule over themselves”
2KI 8 21 gqd7 figs-explicit 0 Then Jehoram crossed over What was “crossed over” can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Then Jehoram crossed the enemy lines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 22 tvz8 0 So Edom has been in rebellion against the rule of Judah to this present day “So after that, Edom was no longer controlled by Judah, and it is still like that”
2KI 8 22 za77 figs-metonymy 0 the rule of Judah Here “Judah” refers to the king of Judah. Alternate translation: “the rule of the king of Judah” or “the authority of the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 22 c7ws figs-explicit 0 Libnah also revolted at the same time Libnah rebelled against the king of Judah just as Edom had. Alternate translation: “During that same time, Libnah also rebelled against the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 22 ezk7 translate-names 0 Libnah This is another city that was originally part of Judah. Here “Libnah” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the people of Libnah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 23 nxu4 0 As for the other matters concerning Jehoram, all that he did “To read more about the history of Jehoram and what he did,”
2KI 8 23 ys1v figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jehoram is in this other book. Alternate translation: “these things are written ... Judah.” or “someone has written about them ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 8 24 a4g1 figs-euphemism 0 Jehoram rested with his fathers and was buried with them Here “rested” is a polite way of referring to someone dying. After he died, his body was buried in the same place as the bodies of his forefathers. The phrase “was buried” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jehoram died as his ancestors had died, and they buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 8 24 a8hw 0 Then Ahaziah his son became king in his place “Then Ahaziah, Jehoram’s son, became king after he died”
2KI 8 25 f3kd figs-explicit 0 In the twelfth year of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign as king of Judah by stating how long Joram, the current king of Israel, had reigned. Alternate translation: “in the twelfth year that Joram son of Ahab was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 26 ja9u translate-names 0 Athaliah ... Omri Athaliah is the name of a woman. Omri is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 8 27 tvy6 figs-idiom 0 Ahaziah walked in the ways of Here “walking” refers his behavior or the way in which he lived. Alternate translation: “Ahaziah lived the same way as the others in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 8 27 a5ad figs-metonymy 0 the house of Ahab Here the “house” of Ahab refers to his family. Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 8 27 r7k2 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 8 27 h1s1 figs-explicit 0 a son-in-law to the house of Ahab This explains Ahaziah’s family relationship to Ahab. Ahaziah’s father was married to Ahab’s daughter. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the son of Ahab’s son-in-law” or “a grandson of King Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 8 28 hi68 figs-synecdoche 0 Ahaziah went with Joram son of Ahab, to fight against Hazael, king of Aram The names of the three kings listed here are synecdoches and refer also to their armies that accompany them. Alternate translation: “Ahaziah’s army joined the army of King Joram of Israel to fight against the army of King Hazael of Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 8 29 e1qq figs-activepassive 0 to be healed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to heal” or “to recover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 8 29 wi44 figs-synecdoche 0 against Hazael king of Aram Here “Hazael” refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: “the army of Hazael king of Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 8 29 c1ui figs-activepassive 0 Joram had been wounded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Arameans had wounded Joram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 9 intro eu4t 0 # 2 Kings 09 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The life of Elisha continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### King Jehu<br>Elisha told a young prophet to go and tell Jehu that God had made him the new king. Jehu killed the kings of both Israel and Judah and Jezebel, the mother of the king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br>
2KI 9 1 yn86 figs-idiom 0 the sons of the prophets This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 9 1 xc5s figs-synecdoche 0 in your hand The phrase “in your hand” refers to him taking the bottle with him. Alternate translation: “with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 9 1 u975 translate-names 0 Ramoth Gilead Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 2 bsu9 translate-names 0 Jehu son of Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi This means that Jehoshaphat is Jehu’s father and that Nimshi is Jehoshapat’s father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 2 y74x 0 conduct him to “go along with him to” or “take him along to”
2KI 9 2 ycw4 0 an inner chamber “a private room”
2KI 9 5 s5qa 0 behold The writer uses the word “behold” to direct attention to what follows. If you have a way of doing this in your language, you can use it here.
2KI 9 5 nk22 figs-explicit 0 the captains of the army were sitting Jehu was sitting among the captains. You may introduce Jehu to the story line here if this is necessary in your language. Alternate translation: “Jehu and some other army officers were sitting together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 5 y24h 0 To which of us The word “us” refers to Jehu and the other army captains.
2KI 9 7 e949 figs-metonymy 0 I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of Yahweh Here the “blood” of the prophets and the servants refers to their deaths. Alternate translation: “I may avenge the deaths of my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh” or “so that I may punish them for murdering my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 9 7 v3iw figs-ellipsis 0 the blood The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “avenge the blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2KI 9 7 t494 figs-activepassive 0 who were murdered by the hand of Jezebel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Jezebel commanded her servants to murder” or “whose deaths were commanded by Jezebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 9 7 f5vj figs-metonymy 0 by the hand of Jezebel This means that Jezebel commanded the people to be killed. Alternate translation: “by an order from Jezebel” or “by Jezebel’s command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 9 8 xlv4 figs-euphemism 0 For the whole family of Ahab will perish, and I will cut off from Ahab every male child Here to be “cut off” means to be killed. Alternate translation: “For the whole family of Ahab will perish, and I will cause every male child in his family to be killed” or “Every member of Ahab’s family will die, including every male child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 9 8 nm7u figs-synecdoche 0 every male child This phrase is used to refer to every male, but it specifies “child” to emphasize that it includes children. Alternate translation: “every male” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 9 9 ev98 figs-explicit 0 I will make the house of Ahab like This means that God will destroy Ahab and his family just as he destroyed Jeroboam and Baasha and their families. Alternate translation: “I will get rid of the house of Ahab like I got rid of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 9 t27a figs-metonymy 0 the house of This phrase is used in this verse three times. Each time, the word “house” refers to the “family” of the man specified. Alternate translation: “the family of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 9 9 xb8q translate-transliterate 0 Nebat ... Ahijah These are the names of men. Translate the name “Nebat” the same as you did in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
2KI 9 10 lvi6 figs-explicit 0 The dogs will eat Jezebel This means that the dogs will eat her dead body. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat the dead body of Jezebel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 11 g6by 0 You know the man and the kinds of things he says Jehu says that he is a young prophet and they all are familiar with the kinds of things young prophets generally say. Alternate translation: “You know what kinds of things young prophets like him say”
2KI 9 12 vtu9 0 Tell us “Tell us what he said”
2KI 9 12 hqz3 0 He said this and that to me “He talked about some things”
2KI 9 13 zdb5 figs-explicit 0 took off his outer garment and put it under Jehu In this culture, putting clothing on the ground was a way of honoring the king, so that his feet would not touch the dirty ground. Alternate translation: “took off their outer clothes and put them in front of Jehu for him to walk on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 13 ex32 figs-synecdoche 0 They blew the trumpet and said Not every man blew a trumpet. It is likely only one man blew a trumpet. Alternate translation: “One of them blew the trumpet and they all said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 9 14 hv9p translate-names 0 Nimshi Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [2 Kings 9:2](../09/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 14 s5nw writing-background 0 Now Joram This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about how Joram was wounded and went to recover in Jezreel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2KI 9 14 pd6w figs-synecdoche 0 all Israel These refers only to the Israelite army and not to everyone who lives in Israel. Alternate translation: “he and his army” or “he and the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 9 14 w256 translate-names 0 Hazael Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 15 lga8 figs-activepassive 0 to be healed of This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to recover from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 9 15 py61 figs-explicit 0 the wounds that the Arameans had given him This means that he was wounded in battle with the Arameans. Alternate translation: “wounds that Joram got during the battle with the Aramean army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 15 v2kz figs-synecdoche 0 against Hazael king of Aram This refers to Hazael and his army. Alternate translation: “against Hazael king of Aram and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 9 15 tk4f figs-explicit 0 If this is your opinion “If you are in agreement with me” Jehu uses this phrase to refer to if people are supportive of him being king and of his decisions. Alternate translation: “If you truly want me to be your king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 15 a8i6 figs-explicit 0 in order to go tell this news in Jezreel This refers to telling Joram and his army of Jehu’s plans. Alternate translation: “to warn king Joram and his army in Jezreel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 16 w7v3 writing-background 0 Now Ahaziah The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Ahaziah visiting Joram. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2KI 9 17 fqp2 0 the company of Jehu as he came at a distance “Jehu and his men as they were still far away”
2KI 9 18 v71n figs-rquestion 0 What have you to do with peace? Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his concern if he comes in peace or not. This may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not your concern if I have come in peace!” or “It is not for you to know if I have come in peace!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 9 18 a578 0 The messenger has met them, but he is not coming back The watchman told King Joram that the man he sent out is not coming back with a reply to the king’s question.
2KI 9 19 pk6m 0 Then he sent out a second man on horseback, who came to them “Then king Joram sent a second messenger riding a horse, who went out to meet Jehu and his army”
2KI 9 19 c4nc translate-ordinal 0 a second man Joram had already sent one man. This was the next. Alternate translation: “another man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 9 19 rg7f figs-rquestion 0 What have you to do with peace? Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his concern if he comes in peace or not. This may be written as a statement. See how you translated this question in [2 Kings 9:18](../09/18.md). Alternate translation: “It is not your concern if I have come in peace!” or “It is not for you to know if I have come in peace!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 9 20 dp92 figs-activepassive 0 For the way that the chariot is being driven is the way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Because the driver of the chariot drives the same way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 9 21 if9v 0 each in his chariot “each in his own chariot”
2KI 9 21 tg65 0 They found him at “When they reached Jehu, he was at”
2KI 9 22 uds6 figs-rquestion 0 What peace is there, when the idolatrous acts of prostitution and witchcraft of your mother Jezebel are so many? Jehu uses this rhetorical question to state why he is not coming in peace. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “There can be no peace as long as your mother Jezebel practices and promotes so much idolatry in the form of prostitution and witchcraft.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 9 23 nse3 0 turned his chariot and fled “turned his chariot around to try to flee”
2KI 9 24 zn2r 0 with his full strength “with all of his strength” or “with all of his power”
2KI 9 24 cdj4 figs-explicit 0 he sank down in his chariot Joram died from being shot with arrow. Alternate translation: “Joram fell down dead in his chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 25 ei1x 0 Pick him up and throw him “Pick up his dead body and throw it” or “Take his corpse and throw it”
2KI 9 25 mp87 0 Think about how “Remember”
2KI 9 25 t4d7 figs-explicit 0 after Ahab his father This means that they rode in the chariot behind Ahab’s chariot. Alternate translation: “behind his father Ahab’s chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 25 x3uz 0 Yahweh placed this prophecy against him “Yahweh spoke this prophecy against Ahab”
2KI 9 26 a9nj figs-explicit 0 I will surely make you pay for it This means that he will punish Ahab as he deserves for the evil he has done. Alternate translation: “I will give you what you deserve for the evil you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 26 p73v 0 pick him up and throw him on this field “take Joram’s dead body and throw it into the field of Naboth”
2KI 9 26 y67y 0 according to the word of Yahweh “to fulfill the prophecy spoken to us”
2KI 9 27 yl6p translate-names 0 Beth Haggan ... Gur ... Ibleam ... Megiddo These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 27 z7k2 figs-activepassive 0 at the ascent of Gur The word “ascent” means that they were going up hill while travelling on the road to Gur. Alternate translation: “on the road leading up to Gur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 9 28 bl6s 0 his fathers “his ancestors”
2KI 9 29 dnx1 figs-explicit 0 in the eleventh year of Joram son of Ahab This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign by stating how long the current king of Israel had reigned. Alternate translation: “in the eleventh year that Joram son of Ahab was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 30 fnb3 0 painted her eyes, arranged her hair “put on makeup, made her hair look nice”
2KI 9 31 fcb2 figs-rquestion 0 Are you coming in peace, you Zimri, your master’s murderer? Jezebel uses this rhetorical question to accuse Jehu of not coming peacefully. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are certainly not coming in peace, you Zimri, your master’s murderer!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 9 31 p3ch figs-metaphor 0 you Zimri, your master’s murderer Here Jezebel calls Jehu “Zimri” to say that he is a murderer. Zimri was a commander of the army of Israel who murdered the king of Israel because he wanted to be king. Alternate translation: “you murdered your master, just like Zimri murdered his master” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 9 32 pup7 figs-idiom 0 Who is on my side To “be on someone’s side” means to be loyal to them and supportive of them. Alternate translation: “Who is loyal to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 9 33 v8nz 0 Throw her down Jehu was telling the eunuchs to throw Jezebel out of the window.
2KI 9 33 fj4y figs-euphemism 0 So they threw Jezebel down The eunuchs threw Jezebel out of the high window and she died when she hit the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 9 33 ip8k figs-explicit 0 Jehu trampled her underfoot This means that he drove his horses over her body. Alternate translation: “Jehu’s horses that were pulling his chariot trampled her body under their feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 34 p8vf figs-idiom 0 See now to The phrase “see now to” means to give your attention to whatever is specified. Alternate translation: “Now go to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 9 34 dj2x figs-explicit 0 for she is a king’s daughter Since Jezebel was the daughter of a king, it was necessary to bury her properly. Alternate translation: “because she is a king’s daughter and therefore should be buried properly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 9 35 v3xk 0 they found no more of her than “they found no more of her body than” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “all they found that was left of her body were”
2KI 9 35 l1m8 0 the palms of her hands The palm is the inner part of the hand.
2KI 9 36 pqz3 translate-names 0 the Tishbite This refers to someone from the city of Tishbe. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 9 37 kim4 figs-simile 0 the body of Jezebel will be like dung on the surface of the fields ... so that no one will be able to say This speaks of the pieces of Jezebel’s body being scattered in the field as if they were dung spread in the field. Since the pieces of her body were so small and spread out there was nothing that could be collected and buried. Alternate translation: “the pieces of Jezebel’s body will be scattered like dung in the fields ... so that no one will be able to recognize them and say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 9 37 ayb5 0 so that no one will be able to say, “This is Jezebel.” “so that no one will be able to recognize her body.” or “so no one will be able to tell this was Jezebel.”
2KI 10 intro abca 0 # 2 Kings 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>God’s prophecy against the family of Ahab was fulfilled. Jehu killed all of Ahab’s descendants and all the worshipers of Baal. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])<br>
2KI 10 1 bud2 figs-metonymy 0 Jehu wrote letters and sent them to Samaria This means that Jehu sent a messenger to deliver the letters. Alternate translation: “Jehu wrote letters and sent a messenger to deliver them in Samaria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 3 fdt6 figs-metonymy 0 set him on his father’s throne Here, sitting on the king’s throne means to be appointed as king. Alternate translation: “make him king in his father’s place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 3 x59q figs-synecdoche 0 for your master’s royal line “your master’s descendants.” Here the man that they selected to be king is referred to as Ahab’s royal line of descendants. Alternate translation: “to defend your master’s descendant” or “to defend him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 10 4 m1vq 0 But they were terrified “Then they were very afraid”
2KI 10 4 h24j 0 the two kings “two kings, Joram and Ahaziah”
2KI 10 4 lh37 0 could not stand before Jehu Here “stand” means to be able to endure under trouble. Alternate translation: “could not endure against Jehu” or “could not resist Jehu”
2KI 10 4 ymj8 figs-rquestion 0 So how can we stand? The descendants use the rhetorical question to imply that they cannot stand against Jehu. Alternate translation: “We cannot stand against him either!” or “We cannot resist him either!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 10 5 imx5 0 the man who was over the city “the mayor of the city.” Here to be “over” something means to have authority and responsibility over it. Alternate translation: “the man who was in charge of the city”
2KI 10 5 r52c figs-explicit 0 they who raised the children This refers to the people who raised the king’s children. Alternate translation: “they who raised the king’s children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 5 h9q4 figs-metaphor 0 Do what is good in your eyes Here Jehu’s “eyes” refer to his “sight.” His “sight” refers to what he thinks. Alternate translation: “Do what you judge to be right” or “Do whatever you think is the best” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 10 6 sb9l translate-ordinal 0 wrote a letter the second time to them Joram had written one letter. This was the next. Alternate translation: “again wrote a letter to them” or “wrote another letter to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 10 6 c3rg figs-idiom 0 on my side To “be on someone’s side” means to be loyal to them and supportive of them. Alternate translation: “loyal to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 6 hjr8 figs-metonymy 0 to my voice Here Jehu’s “voice” refer to what he says. Alternate translation: “to what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 6 hij4 figs-explicit 0 you must take the heads ... and come to me It is implied that they are to bring the heads of the Ahab’s descendant and present them to Jehu. Alternate translation: “you must take the heads ... and bring them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 6 v7id figs-euphemism 0 you must take the heads of the men of your master’s descendants This refers to killing them and removing their heads. Alternate translation: “kill your master’s descendants and cut off their heads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 10 6 qps2 translate-numbers 0 seventy in number “70 in number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 10 6 xl7y figs-idiom 0 who were bringing them up This means that they were supervising them and teaching them. Alternate translation: “who were raising them” or “who were supervising them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 7 dj3k figs-metonymy 0 sent them to Jehu This means that they sent people to deliver the baskets to Jehu. Alternate translation: “sent people to take them to Jehu” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 8 jl7j 0 of the king’s sons “of Ahab’s descendants”
2KI 10 9 r1rc 0 Jehu went out and stood “Jehu went to the city gate and stood before the people”
2KI 10 9 k9nc figs-explicit 0 You are innocent It can be stated clearly what they were innocent of. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: “You are innocent of what happened to Joram” or 2) this means that they are not held responsible for the deaths of Joram’s family. Alternate translation: “You are innocent of what happened to Joram and his family” or “You are innocent of this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 9 dic5 0 See Jehu uses this word here to draw the peoples’ attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Hear my words”
2KI 10 9 apq9 figs-rquestion 0 but who killed all these? Jehu uses a rhetorical question to cause the people to think deeply about the situation. This can be written as a statement. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate translation: “but the men of Samaria are responsible for killing Ahab’s 70 descendants” or 2) Alternate translation: “but it was Yahweh’s will for these men to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 10 10 tky4 0 certainly realize “understand” or “be aware of the fact that”
2KI 10 10 qm1a figs-metaphor 0 no part of Yahweh’s word ... will fall to the ground This speaks of everything happening that Yahweh has said will happen as if it were something that did not die and fall to the ground. Alternate translation: “No part of Yahweh’s word ... will fail” or “every part of Yahweh’s word ... will happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 10 10 dxa2 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh has done This speaks of Yahweh causing Ahab’s descendants to be killed as if he killed them himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has caused to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 10 11 q6ub figs-metonymy 0 So Jehu killed all ... and his priests Jehu did not kill all of these people personally, rather he commanded for them to be killed. Alternate translation: “So Jehu commanded for all ... to be killed” or “So Jehu commanded for all ... to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 11 yv9x 0 all who remained “all who were alive” or “all who were left”
2KI 10 11 m7rb figs-euphemism 0 until none of them remained This means that they had all been killed. Alternate translation: “until all of them had been killed” or “until all of them were dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 10 12 s861 translate-names 0 Beth Eked of the shepherd This was the name of a place where sheep were sheared. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 10 13 h9iy 0 going down to greet “going to visit”
2KI 10 13 w59s 0 the children of the king “the children of King Joram”
2KI 10 14 rz36 figs-idiom 0 Take them alive This means to capture them, but not to kill them. Alternate translation: “Seize them” or “Capture them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 14 v6f8 0 So they took them alive “So they captured them”
2KI 10 15 fmq7 figs-metonymy 0 Is your heart with me, as my heart is with yours? ... “It is.” Here a person’s “heart” refers to their loyality. If a person’s loyalty is “with someone,” it means that they are loyal to that person. Alternate translation: “Will you be loyal to me, as I will be loyal to you? ... ‘I will.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 15 xmz8 translate-symaction 0 If it is, give me your hand “If so, put your hand in mine” or “If so, let us shake hands” In many cultures, when two people shake hands, it confirms their agreement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 10 16 rl1m figs-abstractnouns 0 see my zeal The word “zeal” may be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “see how zealous I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 10 17 kbl6 0 royal line “entire royal family”
2KI 10 17 st48 figs-activepassive 0 just as was told them before by the word of Yahweh, which he had spoken to Elijah This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to fulfill the prophecy that Elijah had spoken, which Yahweh gave to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 10 18 da4q 0 gathered all the people together “called all the people and had them come to where he was”
2KI 10 18 gl45 0 all the people together “all the people of Samaria”
2KI 10 18 yq9j 0 serve him much “serve him much more than Ahab”
2KI 10 19 qw51 0 Let no one be left out “Do not leave anyone out”
2KI 10 19 r6m8 figs-explicit 0 Whoever does not come will not live This means that if they do not come they will be executed. Alternate translation: “We will execute anyone who does not come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 20 h3ia figs-idiom 0 Set a time This means to designate and prepare a period of time for something. In this case they were to prepare for an assembly for Baal. Alternate translation: “Prepare” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 21 g86v figs-explicit 0 Then Jehu sent This means that he sent messengers to take this message throughout the land. Alternate translation: “Then Jehu sent messengers” or “Then Jehu sent the message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 21 sj5t figs-doublenegatives 0 so that there was not a man left who did not come This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that every worshiper of Baal was there” or “so that every man came” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 10 21 uy4m figs-activepassive 0 it was filled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they filled it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 10 22 d5j3 figs-idiom 0 who kept the priest’s wardrobe Here “to keep” something means to care for it and oversee it. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the priest’s wardrobe” or “who cared for the priest’s wardrobe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 23 hbh1 0 he said to the worshipers of Baal “Jehu said to the people who were in the temple to worship Baal”
2KI 10 23 p3nc 0 but the worshipers of Baal alone “but that only worshipers of Baal are here”
2KI 10 24 qp6c figs-metonymy 0 If any of the men whom I bring into your hands escapes Here the “hands” of the men refer to their “control.” By being stationed around the temple they were in control of the situation and it was up to them whether people were able to escape or not. Alternate translation: “If any of these men that I brought into your control escapes” or “If any of the men that are inside gets away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 24 vh3i 0 whoever lets that man escape, his life will be taken for the life of the one who escaped “we will kill the man who let him escape”
2KI 10 24 tel9 figs-activepassive 0 his life will be taken This can be stated in active form. This is a polite way to refer to a person being killed. Alternate translation: “we will take his life” or “we will kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 10 24 e792 figs-metonymy 0 for the life of the one “in exchange for the life of the man.” Here this man is referred to by his “life” to emphasize that he did not die. Alternate translation: “for the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 25 qf9l figs-explicit 0 he said to the guard and to the captains You may need to state that Jehu came out of the temple before he spoke to the guard. Alternate translation: “he went back outside of the temple of Baal and said to the guards and captains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 25 t2x5 figs-synecdoche 0 with the edge of the sword The men used swords to kill the worshipers of Baal. This phrase refers to their swords. Alternate translation: “with their swords” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 10 25 pcm3 figs-explicit 0 threw them out This means that threw the dead bodies of the people out of the temple. Alternate translation: “threw their dead bodies out of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 10 27 g8xj 0 made it a latrine “made it a public toilet” A latrine is a bathroom, or a toilet area, usually for a camp or buildings used to house soldiers.
2KI 10 27 zr1r figs-idiom 0 which it is to this day This means that something has remained in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: “and since then it has always been that way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 29 b11b figs-metaphor 0 did not leave the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat This speaks of Jehu committing the same sins that Jeroboam committed, as if Jeroboam’s sins were a place that Jehu did not leave. Alternate translation: “did not stop committing the kinds of sins that Jeroboam son of Nebat had committed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 10 29 yas2 translate-names 0 Nebat See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 10 30 l9pm 0 in executing “in carrying out” or “in accomplishing”
2KI 10 30 qe59 figs-metaphor 0 what was right in my eyes The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what I judge to be right” or “what I consider to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 10 30 v6lk figs-metonymy 0 the house of Ahab Here Ahab’s “house” refers to his “family.” Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 30 ufu9 figs-metonymy 0 all that was in my heart Here the “heart” represents “desire.” Alternate translation: “all that I desired for you to do” or “all that I wanted you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 30 t8ua figs-metonymy 0 sit on the throne Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: “be the kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 30 e1jz translate-ordinal 0 to the fourth generation This refers to his son, grandson, great-grandson, and great-great-grandson. Alternate translation: “to the 4th generation” or “for four more generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 10 31 t6dt figs-idiom 0 Jehu took no care to walk in the law of Yahweh Here “walking” refers to “living.” Alternate translation: “Jehu was not careful to live according to the law of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 31 k8mn figs-metonymy 0 with all his heart Here the “heart” refers to a person’s will and desire. Alternate translation: “in everything that he did” or “with all of his will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 10 31 dsa7 figs-idiom 0 He did not turn away from the sins of Jeroboam To “turn away” from something means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: “Jehu did not stop from sinning in the same ways as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 10 32 v39i 0 began to cut off regions from Israel “began to cause the territory controlled by Israel to become smaller”
2KI 10 32 nr1q figs-synecdoche 0 Hazael defeated Here “Hazael” refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: “Hazael and his army” or “King Hazael’s Aramean army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 10 32 ar6f translate-names 0 Hazael See how you translated this king’s name in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 10 33 n3me 0 from the Jordan eastward “from the land east of the Jordan”
2KI 10 33 u9im translate-names 0 the Arnon “the Arnon River” This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 10 34 dhn9 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 10 35 ka9p figs-euphemism 0 Jehu slept with his ancestors, and they buried him in Samaria This means that Jehu died. This speaks of him being buried where his ancestors were buried as if he were sleeping with them. Alternate translation: “Jehu died and they buried him in Samaria, where they had also buried his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 11 intro abcb 0 # 2 Kings 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the beginning of the story of the spiritual revival in Judah under Joash. The people returned to properly worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Athaliah’s evil actions<br>The mother of the king of Judah, Athaliah, killed all the royal children so that she could rule. She was not able to kill the baby Joash because his aunt hid him in the temple. When Joash was seven years old, the chief priest conspired with the army and made Joash king. They killed Athaliah and destroyed the temple of Baal. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br>
2KI 11 1 ed43 0 saw that her son was dead “became aware that her son was dead”
2KI 11 1 vmz8 figs-explicit 0 she arose and killed all the royal children Athaliah did not personally kill the children. Alternate translation: “she commanded her servants to kill all the members of Ahaziah’s family who might become king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 11 2 e2rn 0 took Joash son of Ahaziah, and hid him away from among the king’s sons who were killed, along with his nurse; she put them into a bedroom. They hid him from Athaliah so that he was not killed. “took Ahaziah’s very young son Joash and hid him and his nursemaid in a bedroom in the temple. So he was not killed”
2KI 11 3 x9bc figs-activepassive 0 He remained with her six years, hidden in the house of Yahweh, while Athaliah reigned over the land This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Joash and Jehosheba hid him in the house of Yahweh for six years while Athaliah ruled the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 11 3 sm9g figs-metonymy 0 land This is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: “people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 11 4 qlj7 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the story of what happens after Joash, the son of King Azahiah, was hidden in the temple after all King Azahiah’s other descendants were killed.
2KI 11 4 lft4 translate-numbers 0 In the seventh year “In the seventh year of Athaliah’s reign” or “In year 7 of Athaliah’s reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 11 4 f6wi translate-numbers 0 the commanders of hundreds The phrases “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. Possible meanings are 1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or 2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 11 4 dar3 0 brought them to himself “had them come to meet with him.” Jehoiada, the high priest, had these military men report to him at the temple.
2KI 11 4 ycq8 0 Then he showed them the king’s son Jehoiada revealed to them that Joash, King Azahiah’s son, was still alive.
2KI 11 7 z17v figs-explicit 0 for the king They were to keep watch for the purpose of protecting the king from harm. Alternate translation: “in order to protect King Joash” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 11 8 jp1k 0 Whoever enters within your ranks “Anyone who tries to go past you while you are protecting King Joash.” A rank refers to a line of soldiers.
2KI 11 8 d88v figs-activepassive 0 let him be killed This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 11 8 ck5g figs-merism 0 You must stay with the king when he goes out, and when he comes in These two opposite things are a merism that refers to everything the king does. Alternate translation: “You must stay near the king at all times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2KI 11 9 ry72 translate-numbers 0 the commanders of hundreds The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. Possible meanings are 1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or 2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 11 9 duu3 0 Each one “Each commander”
2KI 11 10 jsa1 0 were in the house of Yahweh “were stored in the temple”
2KI 11 11 tzd5 0 from the right side of the temple to the left side, near the altar and the temple Some versions translate the first two occurrences of “temple” as “palace.” These versions say, “from the right side of the palace to the left side of the palace, near the altar and the temple.”
2KI 11 12 bh8m 0 brought out the king’s son Joash Jehoiada, the high priest, brought king Ahaziah’s son, Joash, out from the temple apartment where he had been raised in hiding.
2KI 11 12 i4yu 0 gave him the covenant decrees “presented him with the book of the law”
2KI 11 12 z9x3 translate-symaction 0 anointed him The priest poured olive oil on the head of Joash as a symbol that he was now the king. Alternate translation: “poured some olive oil on Joash’s head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 11 14 kxx4 translate-symaction 0 Athaliah tore her clothes She tore her clothes to express that she was very upset and angry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 11 14 tc82 0 Treason! Treason! “You are traitors! You have betrayed me!”
2KI 11 15 y8gb translate-numbers 0 the commanders of hundreds The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. Possible meanings are 1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or 2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 11 15 i3h1 0 Bring her out between the ranks “Take her away between two rows of guards” or “Lead her away with a row of soldiers on each side of her.” Ranks are lines or rows of soldiers.
2KI 11 15 f3f3 figs-explicit 0 Anyone who follows her It is implied that a person who followed her would be trying to help her. Alternate translation: “Anyone who follows to try to rescue her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 11 16 x4a6 0 they seized her as she reached the place where the horses enter the palace grounds Some versions translate this as “the guards seized her and took her to the palace, to the place where horses enter the courtyard.”
2KI 11 17 uxx6 0 also between the king and the people “also made a covenant between the king and the people”
2KI 11 18 qgd8 figs-hyperbole 0 all the people of the land This is a generalization to show that a large group of people tore down the temple of Baal. Alternate translation: a large number of the people of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 11 18 tn2k 0 the house of Baal “the temple of Baal”
2KI 11 19 u1k5 translate-numbers 0 the commanders of hundreds The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. Possible meanings are 1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or 2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 11 19 j4wu 0 brought down the king from the house of Yahweh and they went into the king’s house “brought the king from the temple to the palace”
2KI 11 20 hz2a figs-hyperbole 0 all the people of the land rejoiced This is a generalization. It is possible that some did not rejoice. Alternate translation: “many people in the land rejoiced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 11 20 y27g 0 the city was quiet “the city was calm” or “the city was peaceful”
2KI 11 21 pit8 translate-numbers 0 Joash was seven years old “Joash was 7 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 12 intro abcc 0 # 2 Kings 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the end of the story of the revival in Judah under Joash.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Temple<br>Joash repaired the temple. In many ways, the temple represents the relationship between the people and Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br>
2KI 12 1 ze1f translate-numbers 0 In the seventh year of Jehu “During year 7 of the reign of Jehu over Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 12 1 d8af 0 the reign of Joash began “Joash began to reign over Judah”
2KI 12 1 j5kp 0 Zibiah, of Beersheba “Zibiah, from the city of Beersheba”
2KI 12 2 ef2r figs-metaphor 0 what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 12 2 zt6j 0 instructing him “teaching him”
2KI 12 3 wpe8 figs-activepassive 0 But the high places were not taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But the people did not destroy the high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 12 3 u656 figs-explicit 0 The people still sacrificed and burned incense on the high places Yawheh forbid the people to worship at these place. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people continued to go to places that were unacceptable to Yahweh, to make sacrifices and burn incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 12 4 spc4 0 the money that is brought in as sacred offerings into the house of Yahweh This refers to money that people gave to support the temple. This money came in three forms that are described in the rest of the sentence.
2KI 12 6 zsi3 0 by the twenty-third year of King Joash “when Joash had been king for twenty three years”
2KI 12 7 pm11 figs-rquestion 0 Why have you not repaired anything in the temple? Joash asks this question to rebuke the priests. Alternate translation: “You should have been repairing the temple!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 12 7 jj8t 0 give it to those who can make the repairs “pay workers who will do the repairs”
2KI 12 9 c517 0 Instead, Jehoiada “Instead of the priests collecting the money, Jehoiada”
2KI 12 9 zfe8 0 on the right side as one comes into the house of Yahweh “on the right side of the entrance to the temple”
2KI 12 9 sf7a 0 put into it “put into the chest” or “put in the box”
2KI 12 9 fa63 figs-activepassive 0 the money that was brought This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the money that people brought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 12 10 qbt6 0 put the money in bags and then count it Many versions put this in a more logical order such as “count the money and put it in bags.”
2KI 12 10 dcd8 0 put the money in bags Possible meanings are 1) “put the money in bags” or 2) “tied up the money in bags” .
2KI 12 10 ri1a 0 the money found “the money that they found in the chest”
2KI 12 11 fj3g 0 weighed out “counted”
2KI 12 11 uk5g figs-synecdoche 0 into the hands of men Here “hands” refers to the men. Alternate translation: “to men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 12 11 ldg6 0 who took care of the temple “who repaired the temple”
2KI 12 13 al8w 0 silver cups, lamp trimmers, basins, trumpets, or any gold or silver furnishing These are items that would have been used by the priests for various temple tasks, such as sacrifices or festivals.
2KI 12 15 yl27 figs-activepassive 0 they did not require the money paid for repairs to be accounted for by the men who received it and paid it to the workmen This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they did not require the men who received the money and paid the workmen for the repairs to account for the money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 12 16 frz5 figs-explicit 0 the money for the guilt offerings and the money for the sin offerings was not brought into the temple of Yahweh It is implied that this money was not used for the repairs. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they did not use the money from the guilt offerings and the sin offerings to pay for the repairs to the temple of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 12 17 lxs4 figs-synecdoche 0 Hazael king of Aram attacked ... Hazael then turned to attack This refers to Hazael’s army as well as to Hazael. Alternate translation: “Hazael king of Aram and his army attacked ... Then they turned to attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 12 18 jt6e figs-metaphor 0 Jehoshaphat and Jehoram and Ahaziah, his fathers These men were previous kings of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 12 18 uqk6 0 the gold that was found in the storerooms “the gold that was stored in the storerooms”
2KI 12 18 yc4i 0 Then Hazael went away from Jerusalem The gifts Joash gave Hazael convinced him not to attack Jerusalem. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “So Hazael stopped attacking Jerusalem and left”
2KI 12 19 vzj6 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 12 21 c8xh 0 with his ancestors “in the place where his ancestors were buried”
2KI 12 21 jic7 0 became king in his place “became the next king of Judah”
2KI 13 intro abcd 0 # 2 Kings 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is the last chapter about Elisha.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Elisha’s death<br>The king of Israel is upset when Elisha is dying. Elisha assures him that he will have three victories over Aram.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>The king compares the protection that Elisha had given Israel to “The chariot of Israel and the horsemen.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
2KI 13 1 x3b7 translate-numbers 0 In the twenty-third year of Joash son of Ahaziah king of Judah “After Joash had been ruling Judah for almost 23 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 13 1 k11v 0 reign over Israel in Samaria “rule over the kingdom of Israel located in Samaria”
2KI 13 1 sr5w 0 he reigned seventeen years “Jehoahaz was king for 17 years”
2KI 13 2 a5vp figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 2 dmd4 0 followed the sins of Jeroboam “did the same sins as Jeroboam”
2KI 13 2 r613 figs-metaphor 0 Jehoahaz did not turn away from them Here stopping his sin is spoken of as if he turned away from them. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Jehoahaz did not stop doing the sins of Jeroboam” or “Jehoahaz continued to do the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 3 sii1 figs-metaphor 0 The anger of Yahweh burned against Israel Yahweh becoming angry with Israel is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that burned. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh became very angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 3 u4tp figs-metonymy 0 gave them continually into the hand of Hazael king of Aram and into the hand of Ben Hadad son of Hazael Here “them” refers to Israel and “hand” refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: “allowed Hazael the king of Aram, and Ben Hadad, his son, to repeatedly defeat the Israelites in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 13 4 hcy2 0 implored Yahweh “prayed to Yahweh”
2KI 13 4 ghi9 figs-abstractnouns 0 he saw the oppression of Israel, how the king of Aram was oppressing them These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. The abstract noun “oppression” means the same as “the king of Aram was oppressing them.” Alternate translation: “he saw how severely the king of Aram was oppressing Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 13 5 n7zw 0 a rescuer “someone to rescue them”
2KI 13 5 lp9p figs-metonymy 0 they escaped from the hand of the Arameans Here “hand” refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: “he enabled them to be free from Aram’s power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 13 6 jts3 figs-metaphor 0 they did not depart from the sins of the house of Jeroboam To stop sinning is spoken of as if they departed from the sins. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Israel did not stop doing the same sins as Jeroboam had done” or “Israel continued to commit the same sins as Jeroboam had committed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 6 yu8j 0 house of Jeroboam “the family of Jeroboam”
2KI 13 7 y28l 0 had destroyed them “had defeated the army of Jehoahaz”
2KI 13 7 rn9h figs-simile 0 made them like the chaff at threshing time The Aramean army had so severely defeated the army of Israel that what remained was so worthless that it is compared to wheat chaff that the laborers walk on at harvest time. Alternate translation: “had crushed them as workers crush chaff under their feet at harvest time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2KI 13 8 pi49 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 13 9 kb13 figs-euphemism 0 slept with his ancestors This is a polite way of saying that he died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 13 10 dwi8 translate-numbers 0 In the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah “After Joash had ruled Judah for almost 37 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 13 10 j1vy 0 the reign of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz began over Israel in Samaria “Jehoash son of Jehoahaz began to rule over Israel in Samaria”
2KI 13 11 sa6k figs-metaphor 0 He did what was evil in the sight of Yahweh Here “sight” represents God’s thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “He did things that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 11 ird8 figs-metaphor 0 He did not leave behind any of the sins of Jeroboam To stop sinning is spoken of as if he left behind the sins. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Jehoash did not stop committing the same sins as Jeroboam” or “Jehoash kept committing the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 11 gt2b 0 by which he had made Israel to sin “by which Jeroboam had caused Israel to sin”
2KI 13 11 jsm8 figs-metaphor 0 but he walked in them To sin is spoken of as if he was walking along a sinful path. Alternate translation: “but Jehoash continued to do these same sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 12 h7yt figs-metonymy 0 his might by which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah Here the strength of Jehoash’s army is spoken of as Jehoash’s “might.” Alternate translation: “the power that his army showed when they fought against the army of Amaziah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 13 12 u7z4 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 13 13 q8g6 figs-euphemism 0 Jehoash slept with his ancestors This a polite way to say that Jehoash died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 13 13 il21 figs-metonymy 0 Jeroboam sat on his throne Here “sat on his throne” refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam became king after him” or “Jeroboam began to rule after him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 13 14 jr12 0 wept over him “wept because Elisha was sick”
2KI 13 14 h3da 0 My father, my father Elisha was not the king’s literal father. King Joash used this term as a sign of respect.
2KI 13 14 r8bv figs-explicit 0 the chariots of Israel and the horsemen are taking you away This is a reference to Elijah going to heaven in [2 Kings 2:11](../02/11.md) and [2 Kings 2:12](../02/12.md). Joash uses this phrase to say that Elisha was going to die. Alternate translation: “the chariots of Israel and the horsemen are taking you to heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 14 tj6k figs-explicit 0 the horsemen This refers to the men who drove the chariots. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the drivers of the chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 17 b7d1 0 Open the window eastward “open the window that faces east” or “open that window towards the east”
2KI 13 17 dd2b figs-explicit 0 so he opened it Since this happens after Joash takes the bow and arrows, he may have had a servant open the window. Alternate translation: “So a servant opened it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 17 wid3 0 he shot “Joash shot the arrow”
2KI 13 17 lul1 figs-explicit 0 This is Yahweh’s arrow of victory, the arrow of victory over Aram The relationship between the arrow and victory can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “This arrow is a sign from Yahweh that he will give you victory over Aram” or “This arrow symbolizes the victory Yahweh will give you over Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 20 jpb8 writing-background 0 Now This word marks a break in the main story line. This new section gives background information for the part of the story that follows. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
2KI 13 20 eqh3 0 at the beginning of the year “each year during spring”
2KI 13 21 kn7h 0 As they were burying a certain man “As some Israelites were burying a man’s body”
2KI 13 21 c2yj figs-explicit 0 they saw a group of Moabites It can be made explicit that they were afraid of the Moabites. Alternate translation: “they saw a group of Moabite raiders coming toward them and they were afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 21 bnq2 0 Elisha’s grave “the grave where Elisha was buried”
2KI 13 21 u91l figs-explicit 0 As soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones Here “the man” refers to his dead body. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “As soon as the dead man’s body touched the bones of Elisha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 21 xm7e 0 he revived and stood up on his feet “the dead man came back to life and stood up”
2KI 13 23 xdv2 0 But Yahweh was gracious to Israel, and had compassion on them and concern for them It may be helpful to divide this sentence into shorter parts. Alternate translation: “But Yahweh was very kind to the Israelite people. He helped them”
2KI 13 23 rh9e figs-explicit 0 So Yahweh did not destroy them Yahweh’s covenant is the reason he did not destroy Israel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “This is the reason that Yahweh did not destroy them” or “Because of his covenant, Yahweh did not destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 13 23 w4jq figs-metaphor 0 has not driven them away from his presence Yahweh’s rejection is spoken of as if he had physically driven Israel away from where he was. Alternate translation: “has not rejected them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 13 25 zz2a figs-synecdoche 0 Jehoash attacked him three times Here “Jehoash” and “him” refer to the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “Jehoash’s army attacked Ben Hadad’s army three times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 13 25 v9pk 0 he recovered those cities of Israel “Jehoash took back control of the Israelite cities that Ben Hadad had captured”
2KI 14 intro abce 0 # 2 Kings 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The text begins to alternate between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah again.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pride<br>Pride in one’s success can make a person attempt and fail at something else. Amaziah defeated Edom so he wanted to fight Israel. But Israel defeated him and thoroughly humiliated him.<br>
2KI 14 1 bnk5 0 In the second year of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel “When Jehoash son of Jehoahaz had been king of Israel for almost two years”
2KI 14 1 nnl6 0 Amaziah son of Joash, king of Judah, began to reign “Amaziah son of Joash, became the king of Judah”
2KI 14 2 s314 translate-numbers 0 He was twenty-five years old when he began to reign “He was 25 years old when he became king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 14 2 qq8d translate-numbers 0 he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem “he was the king in Jerusalem for 29 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 14 3 s1dn figs-metaphor 0 He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh, yet not like David his father Here “the eyes of Yahweh” refers to his sight, and his sight refers to his judgment. Alternate translation: “Amaziah did many things that pleased Yahweh, but he did not do as many things that pleased Yahweh as King David had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 3 u7ik figs-explicit 0 He did everything that Joash, his father, had done Joash obeyed Yahweh and did good things. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He did the same good things that his father Joash had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 14 4 xtm4 0 General Information: The story of Amaziah’s rule as king of Judah continues.
2KI 14 4 uy97 figs-activepassive 0 But the high places were not taken away This can be stated in active form. The high places were used for pagan worship. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But he did not remove the high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 14 4 jkh2 figs-explicit 0 sacrificed and burned incense at the high places The high places were used for pagan worship. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sacrificed and burned incense to pagan gods at the high places”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 14 5 d25b figs-activepassive 0 as soon as his rule was well established This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as soon as Amaziah securely established his royal rule and kingly authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 14 5 cd1j figs-explicit 0 he killed the servants Amaziah probably ordered other people to kill the officials. Alternate translation: “he made his servants execute the officials” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 14 6 f6e7 figs-synecdoche 0 Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death King Amaziah did not order his servants to kill the children of the men who killed his father. If he was going to have them executed though, he would have commanded his servants do it, he would not have done it himself. Alternate translation: “But he did not tell his servants to execute those officials’ children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 6 xz2e figs-activepassive 0 The fathers must not be put to death for their children, neither must the children be put to death for their parents This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People must not kill the fathers for the sins of their children, and they must not kill the children for the sins of their parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 14 6 i2xx figs-activepassive 0 every person must be put to death for his own sin This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “every person must die for his own sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 14 7 s7bx figs-synecdoche 0 He killed Here “He” refers to his army. Alternate translation: “Amaziah’s army killed” or “Amaziah’s soldiers killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 7 p37c figs-synecdoche 0 he also took Sela in war Here the word “he” refers to King amaziah and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “King Amaziah’s army captured the city of Sela” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 7 n6i2 translate-names 0 Sela ... Joktheel They renamed the city of Sela. The new name was Joktheel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 14 8 wa4f figs-synecdoche 0 Then Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash son of Jehoahaz son of Jehu king of Israel, saying, “Come, let us meet each other face to face in battle.” Here “each other” also included their armies. Alternate translation: “Then Amaziah sent messengers to King Jehoash of Israel, saying, ‘Come here and let us and our armies fight each other in battle.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 9 c44n figs-metaphor 0 A thistle that was in Lebanon ... trampled down the thistle This is a word picture and a riddle. A cedar tree is great and a thistle is small and worthless. Jehoash compares himself to the cedar and Amaziah to the thistle and warns Amaziah not to attack. If you have a similar comparison in your own language, you can use it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 9 thw3 figs-quotations 0 saying, ‘Give your daughter to my son for a wife,’ This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “asking the cedar to give his daughter to the thistle’s son for a wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2KI 14 10 uh7l 0 You have indeed attacked Edom This is the warning part of Jehoash’s message to Amaziah. “Amaziah, you have definitely defeated Edom”
2KI 14 10 y8jc figs-idiom 0 your heart has lifted you up This is an idiom that refers to being proud. Alternate translation: “you are very proud of what you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 14 10 t29y 0 Take pride in your victory “Be content with your victory”
2KI 14 10 ik12 figs-rquestion 0 for why should you cause yourself trouble and fall Jehoash uses this question to warn Amaziah not to attack him. Alternate translation: “for you should not cause trouble for yourself and suffer defeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 14 11 tc12 figs-metonymy 0 But Amaziah would not listen Here “listen” refers to obeying the warning. Alternate translation: “However, Amaziah would not obey Jehoash’s warning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 14 11 dxk2 figs-synecdoche 0 So Jehoash king of Israel attacked ... Amaziah king of Judah met each other The armies of these kings went to battle with them. Alternate translation: “So Jehoash and his army went to fight Amaziah and his army and they met each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 12 iqd2 figs-activepassive 0 Judah was defeated by Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Israel defeated Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 14 12 s7x5 0 every man fled home “all the men in the army of Judah ran home”
2KI 14 13 r9xl figs-synecdoche 0 He came Here “He” refers to Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “Jehoash and his army came ... Jehoash’s soldiers took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 13 y4k8 translate-names 0 Ephraim Gate ... Corner Gate There are the names of gates in the wall of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 14 14 phn9 figs-synecdoche 0 He took Here “He” refers to Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “Jehoash and his army came ... Jehoash’s soldiers took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 14 x427 figs-explicit 0 with hostages also, and returned to Samaria This implies that Jehoash needed to take these hostages to prevent Amaziah from attacking again. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and they also took to Samaria some prisoners to make sure that Amaziah would cause them no more trouble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 14 15 t4dy figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 14 16 vt46 figs-euphemism 0 Then Jehoash slept with his ancestors This is a polite way to say that he died. Alternate translation: “Then Jehoash died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 14 16 adn8 0 became king in his place “became king after him”
2KI 14 18 xq4q figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 14 19 y5yc 0 They made a conspiracy against Amaziah in Jerusalem A conspiracy is a secret plan to do harm to someone or something. Alternate translation: “Some people in Jerusalem plotted against Amaziah”
2KI 14 20 z4r2 0 They brought him back on horses “They brought Amaziah’s body back on horses”
2KI 14 21 rm6a figs-hyperbole 0 All the people of Judah took Azariah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in place of his father Amaziah This is a generalization. Some people may not have wanted him to be king. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah took the 16 year-old Azariah and made him king after his father, Amaziah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 14 21 rt3h 0 Azariah This king is better known today by the name “Uzziah.”
2KI 14 22 f5zb figs-synecdoche 0 It was Azariah who rebuilt Elath Azariah did not do this alone. Alternate translation: “It was Azariah who ordered Elath to be rebuilt” or “It was Azariah who supervised the rebuilding of Elath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 24 w3y6 figs-metaphor 0 evil in the sight of Yahweh Here “sight” is a metaphor for judging or considering. Alternate translation: “evil according to Yahweh” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 24 ic6v figs-metaphor 0 He did not depart from any of the sins of Jeroboam To stop sinning is spoken of as leaving a path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “He did not stop committing the same sins as Jeroboam” or “He continued to commit the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 25 n18g figs-metonymy 0 He restored the border This means his army restored the land up to the border. Alternate translation: “His soldiers conquered again some of the territory that had previously belonged to Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 14 25 k2lt 0 the Sea of the Arabah “the Dead Sea”
2KI 14 26 fux4 figs-metaphor 0 it was very bitter Suffering that was difficult is spoken of as if it had a bitter taste. Alternate translation: “it was very difficult” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 26 p9i4 0 there was no rescuer for Israel “there was no one who could rescue Israel”
2KI 14 27 lz2i figs-metaphor 0 blot out To completely destroy Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh wiped them away with a cloth. Alternate translation: “completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 14 27 v5n5 figs-metonymy 0 the name of Israel Here “the name of Israel” represents all of Israel and its inhabitants. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 14 27 b5t9 0 under heaven “on earth”
2KI 14 27 tjk3 figs-metonymy 0 he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash Here “hand” is a metonym for power. Also, “Jehoash” is a synecdoche representing Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “he enabled King Jeroboam and his army to rescue them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 14 28 ka1r figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 14 29 eq5q figs-euphemism 0 Jeroboam slept with his ancestors, with the kings of Israel This is a polite way to say that he died and was buried. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam died, and was buried where the other kings of Israel were buried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 15 intro abcf 0 # 2 Kings 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s evil<br>Israel assassinated one king after another. The Assyrians began attacking Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br>
2KI 15 1 e5x2 figs-explicit 0 In the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam It can be stated clearly that this is the twenty-seventh year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 27 of the reign of Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 1 kyq4 0 Azariah This king is better known today by the name “Uzziah.”
2KI 15 2 ric2 translate-names 0 Jekoliah This is the name of Azariah’s mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 3 dct6 0 He did what was right “Azariah did what was right”
2KI 15 3 tc2q figs-metaphor 0 what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 4 v4ck figs-activepassive 0 the high places were not taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one took away the high places” or “Azariah did not have anyone take the high places away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 4 kum4 figs-metaphor 0 were not taken away Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: “were not destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 5 a3rs figs-abstractnouns 0 to the day of his death The abstract noun “death” can be expressed with the verb “die.” Alternate translation: “until the day he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 15 5 gk1i 0 Jotham, the king’s son, was over the household The word “household” refers to the people living in the king’s palace. Because Azariah was a leper, he had to live in a separate house. So his son, Jotham, took charge over the palace.
2KI 15 5 pz41 figs-metaphor 0 was over the household Being over the household represents having authority over those in it. Alternate translation: “was in charge of the household” or “had authority over those in Azariah’s palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 6 i6ew figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Azariah is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written ... Judah.” or “you can read about them ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 7 h3ex figs-metaphor 0 Azariah slept with his ancestors Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Azariah died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Azariah died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 15 7 cv1f 0 they buried him with his ancestors “his family buried him where his ancestors had been buried”
2KI 15 7 xj9r figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Azariah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 8 n87b figs-explicit 0 In the thirty-eighth year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-eighth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 38 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 8 rx4x 0 reigned over Israel in Samaria for six months Samaria is the city that Zechariah lived in when he was king of Israel. Alternate translation: “lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for six months”
2KI 15 9 chp9 0 He did what was evil “Zechariah did what was evil”
2KI 15 9 z35l figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 9 s24j figs-metaphor 0 He did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 9 jf9j figs-metonymy 0 who had caused Israel to sin Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “who had caused the people of Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 10 xu2j 0 Then he became king in his place “Then Shallum became king in Zechariah’s place”
2KI 15 11 rh7h figs-activepassive 0 they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 12 e1b4 figs-explicit 0 This was the word of Yahweh It can be stated clearly that the events described in verse 10 fulfilled the word of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “What happened to Zechariah was according to the word of Yahweh” or “What happened to Zechariah fulfilled the word of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 12 x3sm figs-metonymy 0 Your descendants will sit on the throne of Israel to the fourth generation Sitting on the throne represents being the king. Alternate translation: “Your descendants will be the kings of Israel for four generations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 13 z5db figs-explicit 0 in the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-ninth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “in year 39 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 13 jep2 translate-names 0 Shallum ... Jabesh These are the names of two men. See how you translated these names in [2 Kings 15:10](../15/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 13 wql8 figs-explicit 0 he reigned only one month in Samaria Samaria is the city that he lived in when was king of Israel. Alternate translation: “Shallum lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for only one month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 14 tv6u figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Shallum” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 15 t6xd figs-explicit 0 the conspiracy that he formed The abstract noun “conspiracy” can be translated with the verb “plan.” It can be stated clearly what this conspiracy was. Alternate translation: “how he planned to murder King Zechariah” or “and how he murdered King Zechariah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 15 nd96 figs-activepassive 0 they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 16 pmb9 translate-names 0 Tiphsah This is the name of a city. Some versions have “Tappuah,” which is the name of another city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 17 wu8n figs-explicit 0 In the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-ninth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 39 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 18 pk5a figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 18 xfk1 figs-abstractnouns 0 For his whole life The abstract noun “life” can be translated with the verb “live.” Alternate translation: “The whole time that he lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 15 18 y9u5 figs-metaphor 0 he did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 18 pj1m figs-metonymy 0 who had caused Israel to sin Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “who had caused the people of Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 19 r6vc figs-synecdoche 0 Pul the king of Assyria came against the land The phrase “Pul the king of Assyria” represents Pul and his army. Alternate translation: “Pul the king of Assyria came with his army against the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 15 19 s53r translate-names 0 Pul the king of Assyria Pul is the name of a man who was king of Assyria. He was also named Tiglath-Pileser. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 19 wap9 figs-idiom 0 came against the land The phrase “came against” is an idiom meaning to attack. “The land” refers to the land of Israel and represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “came with his army to attack the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 19 s8m5 translate-numbers 0 one thousand talents of silver “1000 talents of silver.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “thirty-three thousand kilograms of silver” or “thirty-three metric tons of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 15 19 ft85 figs-abstractnouns 0 so that Pul’s support might be with him The abstract noun “support” can be translated with the verb “support.” Alternate translation: “so that Pul might support him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 15 19 wx2a figs-metaphor 0 to strengthen the kingdom of Israel in his hand Having the kingdom in his hand represents ruling the kingdom. Alternate translation: “to strengthen his rule over the kingdom of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 20 nd7g 0 exacted this money from Israel “took this money from Israel”
2KI 15 20 b1hv translate-bmoney 0 fifty shekels of silver You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six hundred grams of silver” or “three-fifths of a kilogram of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 15 20 qz7q 0 did not stay there in the land “did not stay there in Israel”
2KI 15 21 w6zx figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Israel? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Menahem is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 15 22 a3i4 figs-metaphor 0 Menahem slept with his ancestors Sleeping represents dying. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 10:35](../10/35.md). Alternate translation: “Menahem died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Menahem died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 15 22 l6tw translate-names 0 Pekahiah This a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 22 axh7 figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Menahem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 23 c1p9 figs-explicit 0 In the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the fiftieth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 50 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 23 w1fe translate-names 0 Pekahiah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 24 yt2s figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 24 n1vt figs-metaphor 0 He did not leave behind the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat Leaving behind sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Pekahiah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 24 v24h figs-metonymy 0 he had caused Israel to sin Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 25 iu97 translate-names 0 Pekah ... Remaliah These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 25 f5xz 0 conspired against him “secretly planned to kill Pekahiah”
2KI 15 25 l8ei translate-names 0 Argob ... Arieh These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 25 lc6k 0 the citadel of the king’s palace “the fortified part of the king’s palace” or “the safe place in the king’s palace”
2KI 15 25 qu35 figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Pekahiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 26 yea7 figs-activepassive 0 they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 27 hh72 figs-explicit 0 In the fifty-second year of Azariah king of Judah It can be stated clearly that this is the fifty-second year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 52 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 28 f2fs figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 28 wpl3 figs-metaphor 0 He did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 29 q5s8 figs-explicit 0 In the days of Pekah king of Israel It can be stated clearly that this refers to the time of Pekah’s reign. Alternate translation: “In the days of the reign of Pekah king of Israel” or “During the time that Pekah was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 29 wj1u translate-names 0 Tiglath-Pileser In [2 Kings 15:19](../15/19.md) this man was called “Pul.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 29 c6cs figs-synecdoche 0 He carried away the people to Assyria Here “He” refers to Tiglath-Pileser and represents him and his army. Carrying the people to Assyria represents forcing them to go to Assyria. Alternate translation: “He and his army forced the people to go to Assyria (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 29 d5la figs-explicit 0 the people It can be stated clearly which people these are. Alternate translation: “the people of those places” or “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 30 v22a translate-names 0 Hoshea ... Elah These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 30 q13k 0 He attacked him and killed him “Hoshea attacked Pekah and killed him”
2KI 15 30 d345 figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Pekah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 30 h8ux figs-explicit 0 in the twentieth year of Jotham son of Uzziah It can be stated clearly that this is the twentieth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 20 of the reign of Jotham son of Uzziah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 31 e8hz figs-activepassive 0 they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 32 l454 figs-explicit 0 In the second year of Pekah son of Remaliah, king of Israel It can be stated clearly that this is the second year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 2 of the reign of Pekah son of Remaliah, king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 32 aht7 0 Jotham son of Azariah, king of Judah began to reign “Jotham son of Azariah, king of Judah became king of Judah”
2KI 15 33 w1ag translate-numbers 0 He was twenty-five years old ... sixteen years “He was 25 years old ... 16 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 15 33 xz2x translate-names 0 Jerushah This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 34 r4gi figs-metaphor 0 what was right in the eyes of Yahweh The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 35 nad3 figs-activepassive 0 the high places were not taken away This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one took away the high places” or “Jotham did not have anyone take the high places away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 15 35 y74d figs-metaphor 0 were not taken away Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: “were not destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 15 35 mws8 figs-metonymy 0 Jotham built the upper gate “Jotham built” represents Jotham making his workers build it. Alternate translation: “Jotham had his workers build the upper gate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 15 36 h17b figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jotham is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 15 37 ct5w figs-explicit 0 In those days This refers to a time period. What time period this refers to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “During that time” or “While Jotham was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 15 37 w42k translate-names 0 Rezin This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 37 sx2e translate-names 0 Pekah ... Remaliah These are men’s names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 15 38 nar5 figs-metaphor 0 Jotham slept with his ancestors Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Jotham died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Jotham died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 15 38 qj1b figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Jotham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 intro abcg 0 # 2 Kings 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ahaz<br>Ahaz was a wicked king. Israel and Aram united to fight against him, so he paid the Assyrian king to attack Aram. Assyria defeated the people of Aram and took them into captivity. The people were to trust in Yahweh and not rely on military alliances with other Gentile nations. This showed a lack of trust in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br>
2KI 16 1 x9n9 figs-explicit 0 In the seventeenth year of Pekah son of Remaliah It can be stated clearly that this is the seventeenth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 17 of the reign of Pekah son of Remaliah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2KI 16 1 ja6f translate-names 0 Pekah ... Remaliah These are men’s names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:25](../15/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 16 2 rm3i figs-metaphor 0 what was right in the eyes of Yahweh his God The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh his God considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 3 a1c2 figs-metaphor 0 he walked in the way of the kings of Israel Walking represents behavior and actions. Alternate translation: “King Ahaz acted the same way that the kings of Israel had acted” or “he did the things that the kings of Israel had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 3 i9td figs-metaphor 0 following the detestable practices of the nations Here “following” represents doing what others do. Alternate translation: “copying the disgusting things that the other nations did, the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 3 k9uv figs-metonymy 0 the nations The word “nations” represents the people of other nations. Here it refers to the people of the nations who had lived in that land. Alternate translation: “the people of other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 16 3 ad1q 0 which Yahweh had driven out “Drive out” means “force out.” Alternate translation: “which Yahweh had forced to leave”
2KI 16 3 q89d figs-explicit 0 before the people of Israel The people of those nations fled as the people of Israel moved into the land. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “before the people of Israel who moved into the land” or “as the people of Israel moved into the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 16 4 nl1p 0 the high places, on the hilltops, and under every green tree These are places where the people of the other nations worshiped their false gods.
2KI 16 4 zjl2 figs-hyperbole 0 under every green tree God wanted his people to offer sacrifices to him in Jerusalem. The word “every” here is an exaggeration to show how determined King Ahaz was to disobey God by offering sacrifices in many other places instead. Alternate translation: “under many green trees” or “under many green trees around the country” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 16 5 u3ts translate-names 0 Rezin ... Pekah ... Remaliah These are men’s names. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 16 5 hx16 figs-synecdoche 0 besieged Ahaz Ahaz was in Jerusalem. Here “Ahaz” represents himself and the people who were in Jerusalem with him. Alternate translation: “surrounded the city with Ahaz in it” or “surrounded Ahaz and the others in the city with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 16 6 ew5k figs-metonymy 0 recovered Elath for Aram Here “Aram” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “took back control of the city of Elath for the people of Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 16 6 axm2 translate-names 0 Elath This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [2 Kings 14:22](../14/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 16 7 x3by translate-names 0 Tiglath-Pileser In [2 Kings 15:19](../15/19.md) this man was called “Pul.” See how you translated his name in [2 Kings 15:29](../15/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 16 7 h92a figs-metaphor 0 I am your servant and your son Being a servant and a son represents submitting to someone’s authority. Alternate translation: “I will obey you as if I were your servant or your son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 7 f7js figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of the king of Aram and from the hand of the king of Israel The hand is a metonym that represents power. Alternate translation: “from the power of the king of Aram and from the power of the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 16 7 dh2h figs-synecdoche 0 who have attacked me The kings attacking Ahaz represent the armies of those kings attacking Ahaz and his people. Alternate translation: “who have attacked me with their armies” or “whose armies have attacked me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 16 9 u25g figs-synecdoche 0 the king of Assyria went up against Damascus The word “king” represents the king and his army. Also, Damascus represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the king of Assyria and his army attacked the people of Damascus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 16 9 zd43 figs-metaphor 0 carried off its people as prisoners to Kir Carrying off the people represents forcing them to go away. Alternate translation: “made the people his prisoners and forced them to go to Kir” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 16 9 dr4d translate-names 0 Kir Possible meanings are 1) this is the name of a city or 2) this word means “city” and refers to the capital city of Assyria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 16 10 l6c6 figs-activepassive 0 the design for all the workmanship needed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the instructions that the workers needed in order to build it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 16 13 jf6b 0 General Information: This is what King Ahaz did after he returned from Damascus and visited the new altar which Uriah the priest had built for him.
2KI 16 13 rn3y 0 on the altar This refers to the altar that King Ahaz told Uriah to build.
2KI 16 14 g4cd 0 from the front of the temple ... from between his altar and the temple of Yahweh Both of these phrases tell where the bronze altar was. They refer to the same place.
2KI 16 15 v2xm 0 the large altar This refers to the new altar that Ahaz told Uriah to build.
2KI 16 15 cj8m figs-123person 0 the king’s burnt offering and his grain offering When Ahaz said “the king” and “his,” he was referring to himself. The king treated his offerings as special. Alternate translation: “my burnt offering and my grain offering” or “the royal burnt offering and royal grain offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
2KI 16 17 y1g1 0 the portable stands “the movable stands” or “the carts.” These stands had wheels on them so they could be moved around.
2KI 16 17 p7hv 0 he also took down the sea “he also removed the large bowl.” The “sea” was a huge basin or water bowl that was made of bronze.
2KI 16 18 h1v3 figs-explicit 0 because of the king of Assyria Why they did this can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “to please the king of Assyria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 16 19 wqa8 figs-rquestion 0 are they not written ... Judah? This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Ahaz is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah.” or “someone has written about them in The Book ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 16 20 c5rk figs-metaphor 0 Ahaz slept with his ancestors Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Ahaz died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Ahaz died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 16 20 wbc9 figs-activepassive 0 was buried with his ancestors This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 16 20 y1p2 figs-metaphor 0 became king in his place The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Ahaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 intro abch 0 # 2 Kings 17 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter ends the story about the kingdom of Israel and continues with Judah alone.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Idol worship<br><br>Israel continued to worship idols, so God punished them by allowing Assyria to conquer them and take them away. Assyria brought people from other lands and settled them in what used to be Israel’s territory and the new people worshiped their own gods in addition to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br>
2KI 17 2 l76g figs-metaphor 0 evil in the sight of Yahweh He did not obey Yahweh’s laws as given to Moses. “In the sight of” is metaphor for judgment or opinion. Alternate translation: “evil to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 3 rsa4 translate-names 0 Shalmaneser This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 3 c29v 0 Hoshea became his servant and brought him tribute Hoshea did as the King of Assyria commanded and brought money to him so that the King would not destroy Israel.
2KI 17 4 zb5f translate-names 0 So This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 6 ue2e figs-metonymy 0 carried Israel away to Assyria The name “Israel” is metonymy for the people living there. Alternate translation: “took the Israelite people to Assyria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 17 7 yaq6 figs-metonymy 0 the hand of “Hand” is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: “the control of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 17 8 zgq1 figs-metaphor 0 walking in the practices “Walking” is metaphor for the ways or patterns of behavior people use in their lives. Alternate translation: “doing the activities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 9 nc6f 0 General Information: The narrative continues to summarize Yahweh’s judgment on Israel.
2KI 17 10 ry45 figs-hyperbole 0 on every high hill and under every green tree These are exaggerations to show that worship of false gods was widespread. Alternate translation: “on high hills and under green trees everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 17 11 bjz7 0 General Information: The narrative continues to summarize Yahweh’s judgment on Israel.
2KI 17 11 iv69 0 performed wicked things to provoke Yahweh to anger Possible ways to render this: 1) “did many wicked things that caused Yahweh to become angry” or 2) “did many sinful things that made Yahweh angry”
2KI 17 12 um9h 0 about which Yahweh had said to them “about which Yahweh had warned them”
2KI 17 13 pf5x 0 General Information: The narrative continues to summarize Yahweh’s judgment on Israel.
2KI 17 17 vek9 figs-metaphor 0 sold themselves to do that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh To “sell themselves” is a metaphor for committing completely to do that which was evil. Alternate translation: “committed themselves to do things that Yahweh said were evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 18 x1zd figs-metonymy 0 removed them out of his sight “Sight” is metonymy for being within the attention of Yahweh so he no longer cared for them. Alternate translation: “removed them from his attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 17 19 p16f 0 General Information: The summary of Yahweh’s judgment on Israel includes how Judah also fell into idolatry.
2KI 17 19 cg6k figs-metonymy 0 Judah The location “Judah” is metonymy for the people that live there. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 17 20 d8a3 0 he afflicted them “Yahweh punished the Israelites”
2KI 17 20 g1yc figs-metonymy 0 gave them into the hand of those who would take the possession as spoil “Hand” is metonymy for control, power or authority. Alternate translation: “handed them over to those who robbed them of their property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 17 20 vab6 figs-metaphor 0 until he had cast them out of his sight “his sight” is metaphor for attention and caring. Alternate translation: “until he got rid of them all” or “until they were no longer in his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 21 jfw7 0 General Information: The reason for Yahweh’s judgment on Israel continues by relating the history behind it.
2KI 17 21 f8vi figs-metaphor 0 He tore Israel “He tore” here is a metaphor for violent removal. Alternate translation: “Yahweh removed the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 21 tq3s 0 from the royal line of David “from the rule of David’s descendants”
2KI 17 21 czk6 0 drove Israel away from following Yahweh “turned the people of Israel away from following Yahweh”
2KI 17 22 e5r7 0 they did not depart from them “the Israelites did not stop committing these sins” or “they did not turn away from those sins”
2KI 17 23 j42u figs-metaphor 0 so Yahweh removed Israel from his sight “Sight” here is a metaphor for attention and care. Alternate translation: “so Yahweh removed the people of Israel from his attention and care” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 17 24 wn3n 0 General Information: Yahweh’s judgment continues against the new Assyrian inhabitants who practice their pagan religions.
2KI 17 25 ka1w 0 It happened at the beginning of their residence there that “When those people first lived there”
2KI 17 26 k4vb 0 The nations that you have carried away and placed in the cities of Samaria “The people you have moved from other lands and sent to live in the cities of Samaria”
2KI 17 26 k3lc 0 do not know the practices required by the god of the land “do not know how to worship the God that the Israelites worshiped in this land”
2KI 17 27 f22x 0 Take one of the priests there whom you brought from there “Take a priest who came from Samaria back there”
2KI 17 27 cv65 0 let him teach them “let the Samaritan priest teach the people who are living there now”
2KI 17 30 fz4p translate-names 0 Succoth Benoth ... Nergal ... Ashima These are the names of gods, both male and female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 30 pu6z translate-names 0 Kuthah ... Hamath These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 31 dl97 translate-names 0 Nibhaz ... Tartak These are the names of gods, both male and female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 31 s6iw translate-names 0 Avvites ... Sepharvites These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 17 34 t4ss 0 They neither honor Yahweh The people were only interested in appeasing Yahweh. They were either not interested or not aware Yahweh was interested in a relationship with them.
2KI 17 36 fm9a 0 General Information: The summary comes toward the end with an appeal to worship only Yahweh.
2KI 17 36 xf5k figs-metonymy 0 with great power and a raised arm The phrase “raised arm” is metonymy for displaying power and means basically the same thing as “great power.” Alternate translation: “with very great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2KI 17 40 j2h1 figs-metaphor 0 They would not listen “Listen” here is a metaphor for paying attention and acting on the command. Alternate translation: “They did not obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 intro abci 0 # 2 Kings 18 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the story of Hezekiah, one of the great kings of Judah (2 Kings 18 – 20). Because he was so important, there is more space dedicated to the history of his reign.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Trust in Yahweh<br>Hezekiah trusted and obeyed God. He stopped paying tribute to Assyria so the Assyrians invaded Judah. The Assyrian king told the people of Judah that resistance was useless. Despite this, Hezekiah trusted in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br>
2KI 18 3 asi6 figs-metaphor 0 He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh “In the eyes” here is a metaphor for Yahweh’s attention and care. Alternate translation: “King Hezekiah did what was right to Yahweh” or “Hezekiah did things that Yahweh said are right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 4 sa1z 0 General Information: The story of King Hezekiah’s reign continues.
2KI 18 4 qf1l 0 He removed the high places, destroyed the stone pillars, and cut down the Asherah poles “Hezekiah removed the high places of worship, smashed into pieces the memorial stones, and cut down the wooden poles of Asherah”
2KI 18 4 rbd2 translate-names 0 Nehushtan This name could be translated “Bronze Serpent Idol.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 18 6 c8k4 0 General Information: The story of King Hezekiah’s reign continues.
2KI 18 6 pl2n figs-metaphor 0 he held on to Yahweh To “hold on” is metaphor for staying loyal and attached. Alternate translation: “Hezekiah stayed loyal to Yahweh” or “Hezekiah remained faithful to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 7 q5ms 0 wherever he went he prospered “wherever Hezekiah went he was successful”
2KI 18 11 g59s 0 So the king of Assyria carried Israel away to Assyria “So the king of Assyria commanded his army to take the Israelites away from their homes, and he made them live in Assyria”
2KI 18 12 u5f8 figs-metonymy 0 the voice of Yahweh “Voice” is metonymy for the message about the command of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the command of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 13 s9ts 0 fortified cities Cities with walls around them for protection. See how you translated “fortified city” in [2 Kings 18:8](../18/08.md).
2KI 18 14 bdx1 figs-explicit 0 Withdraw from me This expression assumes that “me” represents the kingdom of Hezekiah. Alternate translation: “Take your army out of my territory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 18 14 fw46 0 Whatever you put on me I will bear “I will pay you whatever you demand of me”
2KI 18 14 w755 translate-bmoney 0 talents This is the name of type of weight that was used for money. One talent weighted about 33 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 18 15 w5qx 0 treasuries This was the place in the palace where money and valuable things were stored.
2KI 18 17 rw3n 0 the king of Assyria mobilized his great army, sending Tartan and Rabsaris and the chief commander Sennacherib sent a group of men from his army to Jerusalem to meet with King Hezekiah, including officials named Tartan and Rabsaris.
2KI 18 17 iz1r translate-names 0 Tartan ... Rabsaris Some Bibles translate these as proper names. Other versions of the Bible translate them as titles. Alternate translation: “the Tartan ... the Rabsaris” or “the leader of the soldier ... a court official” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 18 19 mt3a 0 General Information: Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekiah’s men.
2KI 18 19 fj2e figs-rquestion 0 What is the source of your confidence? The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt’s support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: “You have no reason to think that you can defeat me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 20 l4ks figs-rquestion 0 In whom are you trusting, that you should rebel against me? The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt’s support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: “You cannot trust anyone to help you rebel against me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 21 l67d figs-metaphor 0 walking stick of this bruised reed of Egypt The King of Assyria compares Egypt to a weak walking stick; you expect that it will support you when you lean on it, but instead it breaks and cuts you. Alternate translation: “the weak support from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 21 vl81 figs-metaphor 0 but if a man leans ... and pierce it The speaker is extending the metaphor by describing what happens when a reed is used as a support. Alternate translation: “but if someone uses this for support, he will be injured” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 22 im2y 0 General Information: Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekiah’s men.
2KI 18 22 vr43 figs-rquestion 0 is not he the one whose high places ... Jerusalem’? This question assumes the listeners know the answer and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You need to remember that he is the one whose high places ... Jerusalem’!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 24 sn27 0 General Information: Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekiah’s men.
2KI 18 24 pmx6 figs-rquestion 0 How could you resist even one captain of the least of my master’s servants? He asks this question to emphasize that the army of Hezekiah does not have the resources to fight. He also uses exaggeration to mock Hezekiah’s army. Alternate translation: Possible meanings are 1) “You could not defeat even one of the least of the king’s soldiers.” or 2) “You could not defeat a group of the king’s soldiers commanded by his least important officer.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 18 25 s1nk figs-rquestion 0 Have I traveled up here without Yahweh to fight against this place and destroy it? He asks this question to emphasize that Yahweh is behind his success to obey the command to destroy Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh himself told us to come here and destroy this land!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 26 i5v3 translate-names 0 Eliakim ... Hilkiah ... Shebnah ... Joah Translate the names of these men as in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 18 26 t7mk figs-metonymy 0 in the ears of the people who are on the wall “In the ears” is metonymy for being able to listen. Alternate translation: “because the people standing on the city wall will hear it and be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 27 kju3 figs-rquestion 0 Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words? Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you? He asks these questions assuming the listeners know the answers to emphasize their intention to destroy and humiliate the leaders and people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “My master sent me not only to you and your master, but also to speak to the people in this city, who will suffer with you when they have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine to survive.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 29 es79 figs-metonymy 0 from my power “my power” is metonymy for the ability of the king himself. Alternate translation: “from me” or “from the power of my army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 30 x8a6 figs-activepassive 0 this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria This can be expressed in an active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will never allow the king of Assyria’s army to take this city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 18 30 zg7s figs-metonymy 0 the hand “Hand” is metonymy for control, authority and power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 31 e5tl 0 Make peace with me and come out to me “Come out of the city and surrender to me” or “Make an agreement with me to surrender, and come out of the city to me”
2KI 18 31 c7we figs-metaphor 0 his own vine ... his own fig tree ... his own cistern These sources of food and water are metaphors for security and plenty. This also was a common way of expressing this idea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 18 32 hw3y figs-metaphor 0 a land of grain and new wine ... bread and vineyards ... olive trees and honey These are metaphors for having good things and plenty in daily life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 18 33 jbv2 0 General Information: Rabshakeh continues telling the message from the king of Assyria to King Hezekiah’s men.
2KI 18 33 yg4w figs-rquestion 0 Has any of the gods ... Assyria? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “None the gods of the peoples have rescued them ... Assyria.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 34 v6ap figs-rquestion 0 Where are the gods of ... Arpad? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “I have destroyed the gods of ... Arpad!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 34 vmd2 translate-names 0 Hamath ... Arpad ... Sepharvaim ... Hena ... Ivvah ... Samaria These are the names of places that represent the people living there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 18 34 h7d8 figs-metonymy 0 out of my hand “Hand” is metonymy for control, power, or authority. Alternate translation: “out from my control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 35 tq6t figs-rquestion 0 is there any god who has rescued his land from my power? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “No god has rescued his land from my power.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 35 a9gn figs-metonymy 0 from my power “My power” is metonymy for the person whose has the power. Alternate translation: “from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 18 35 pg2h figs-rquestion 0 How could Yahweh save Jerusalem from my might? He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “There is no way Yahweh can save Jerusalem from my might!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 18 37 ve84 0 who was over the household “who managed the king’s palace”
2KI 18 37 ew4c 0 the recorder “the history keeper”
2KI 18 37 k5bu 0 chief commander and is the translation of the Hebrew; some see this as a personal name, “Rabshakeh”
2KI 19 intro abcj 0 # 2 Kings 19 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Hezekiah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s power<br>God is in control of everything. God caused the Assyrian king to fail in conquering Jerusalem because he mocked God.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br><br>“The virgin daughter of Zion” here is an idiom meaning the people of Jerusalem. “The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn” means that “the people of Jerusalem know that Assyria will fail because they have mocked God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])<br>
2KI 19 1 kae1 0 house of Yahweh This is another way of saying “temple of Yahweh.”
2KI 19 3 a7nz figs-metaphor 0 the children have come to the time of birth, but there is no strength for them to be born This is a metaphor to describe how the people and their leaders have become so weak and unable to fight the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 4 nz1q 0 all the words of the chief commander “everything that the chief commander has said”
2KI 19 4 dcy4 figs-metaphor 0 lift up your prayer This a common way (an idiom) to use the action of lifting to metaphorically represent praying earnestly to Yahweh who is above us. Alternate translation: “pray earnestly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 19 7 r6aq 0 I will put a spirit in him, and he will hear a certain report and go back to his own land “I will control the attitude of the king of Assyria, so when he hears a report, he will want to return to his own country”
2KI 19 7 y85x 0 I will put a spirit in him “I will influence his thinking” or “I will cause him to think differently.” Here “spirit” probably refers to his attitude and thoughts, rather than to a spirit being.
2KI 19 7 h1aj figs-metonymy 0 I will cause him to fall by the sword “Fall by the sword” is metonymy for being killed. Alternate translation: “I will cause him to die by the sword” or “I will cause some men to kill him with a sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 19 8 qdm5 0 the chief commander “the official from Assyria in charge under the king”
2KI 19 8 z994 0 found the king of Assyria fighting “discovered that the Assyrian army was fighting”
2KI 19 10 rv7t 0 Do not let your God in whom you trust deceive you, saying “Do not believe your God in whom you trust. He is lying when he says”
2KI 19 10 rl75 figs-metonymy 0 the hand of the king of Assyria “Hand” is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: “the control of the government of Assyria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 19 11 yi6z 0 See, you have heard “Notice, you have heard” or “You have certainly heard.” Here “see” was used to draw attention to what he was about to say next.
2KI 19 11 rg7k figs-rquestion 0 So will you be rescued? Sennacharib used this question to emphasize that God will not be able to rescue them. Alternate translation: “Your God will not rescue you!” or “You will not be able to escape either!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 19 12 h82z 0 General Information: King Sennacharib’s message to King Hezekiah continues.
2KI 19 12 t2qt figs-rquestion 0 Have the gods of the nations rescued them, the nations ... destroyed: Gozan ... Assar? This question assumes Hezekiah knows the answer and provides emphasis. Alternate translation: “The gods of the nations, the nations ... destroyed—Gozan ... Assar—certainly did not rescue them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 19 12 qh8k 0 my fathers “the previous kings of Assyria” or “the armies of the previous kings of Assyria”
2KI 19 12 jlk5 translate-names 0 Gozan ... Haran ... Rezeph ... Eden ... Tel Assar These are all place names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 19 13 qr8p translate-names 0 Hamath ... Arpad ... Sepharvaim ... Hena ... Ivvah These are all place names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 19 14 rl14 0 this letter This refers to the letter that King Sennacherib of Assyria sent to Hezekiah ([2 Kings 19:8](../19/08.md)).
2KI 19 15 tj35 figs-explicit 0 you who sit above the cherubim You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh’s footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: “you who sit on your throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 19 16 q3iu 0 General Information: King Hezekiah continues praying to Yahweh after receiving the letter from King Sennacherib of Assyria.
2KI 19 16 ww68 figs-parallelism 0 Turn your ear, Yahweh, and listen. Open your eyes, Yahweh, and see Both of these sentences urge Yahweh to pay attention to the things that Sennacherib is saying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 16 l4xg figs-doublet 0 Turn your ear, Yahweh, and listen The words “Turn your ear” and “listen” mean the same thing and add emphasis to the plea. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, please listen to what he is saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2KI 19 16 ts43 figs-doublet 0 Open your eyes, Yahweh, and see The words “Open your eyes” and “see” mean the same thing and add emphasis to the plea. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, please pay attention to what is happening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2KI 19 18 j5ic 0 They have put their gods into the fire “The Assyrian kings have burned up the gods of the other nations”
2KI 19 18 eb8e 0 Assyrians have destroyed them “Assyrians have destroyed both the nations and the nations’ gods”
2KI 19 19 d477 0 from his power “from the power of the King of Assyria” or “from the armies of the King of Assyria”
2KI 19 21 x6cw figs-metaphor 0 The virgin daughter of Zion “Virgin daughter” here is a metaphor for the people of Jerusalem as if they are young, vibrant and beautiful. The term “daughter” was used to give personal characteristics to cities by some biblical writers. Alternate translation: “The beautiful people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2KI 19 21 rt7t figs-parallelism 0 The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn. The daughter of Jerusalem shakes her head at you. Both of these sentences intend to give the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 21 nn9v figs-metaphor 0 The daughter of Jerusalem “Daughter” is metaphor for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “The people of the city of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 21 m7lx figs-metaphor 0 shakes her head at you This action is a metaphor to represent disdain at the pride of the Assyrians. Alternate translation: “scorns you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 22 j2sr figs-rquestion 0 Whom have you defied and insulted? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride? Against the Holy One of Israel! Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to rebuke Sennacherib. Alternate translation: “You have defied and insulted me! You have exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride against me, the Holy One of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 19 22 xs5l figs-metonymy 0 lifted up your eyes in pride “lifted up your eyes in pride” is metonymy for a haughty or arrogant facial expression. Alternate translation: “looked at very proudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 19 22 bu8e 0 the Holy One of Israel An expression for the God of Israel, Yahweh.
2KI 19 23 xfl9 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: This continues the message from Yahweh given by Isaiah, the prophet, to King Hezekiah concerning King Sennacherib. It uses parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 23 l4ei 0 you have defied the Lord To “defy” is to openly resist or mock.
2KI 19 23 fz73 figs-synecdoche 0 I have gone up ... I will cut down ... I will enter These boasts made by Sennacherib could only be fulfilled by his army. The pronoun “I” represents him and his army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 19 24 q99y figs-hyperbole 0 I dried up all the rivers of Egypt under the soles of my feet. This is a boast that Sennacherib has so many soldiers that their feet dry up the water when they cross a river. This is an exaggeration to emphasize the great number of soldiers he has. Alternate translation: “And by marching through the streams of Egypt, we dried them all up!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 19 25 ay9r figs-parallelism 0 General Information: This continues the message from Yahweh, given by Isaiah, the prophet, for King Hezekiah concerning King Sennecherib. It uses parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 25 r3ai figs-rquestion 0 Have you not heard how ... times? To make the point strongly this question assumes the listener knows the answer. Alternate translation: “Surely you know how ... times.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 19 25 pi5d 0 impregnable cities “cities that cannot be captured” or “cities surrounded by high walls”
2KI 19 26 cp3z figs-metaphor 0 plants in the field, green grass This metaphor compares the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plants. Alternate translation: “as frail as plants and grass in the fields” or “as weak as shallow rooted plants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 26 u3mn figs-metaphor 0 the grass on the roof or in the field, burned before it has grown up This continues the metaphor comparing the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plants in difficult conditions for growing fully. Alternate translation: “like grass before it has matured” or “like grass before it has grown tall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 27 c9r7 figs-parallelism 0 General Information: This continues the message from Yahweh, given by Isaiah, the prophet, for King Hezekiah concerning King Sennecherib. It uses parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 27 u4xv 0 raging against me “angry shouting about me”
2KI 19 28 sm7p figs-metonymy 0 because your arrogance has reached my ears “Ears” are metonymy for listening or hearing. Alternate translation: “because I have heard your proud words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 19 28 m3jm figs-metaphor 0 I will put my hook in your nose, and my bit in your mouth A “hook” and a “bit” (to control a horse) are metaphors for Yahweh’s control of Sennacherib. Alternate translation: “I will lead you like an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 28 c2rz figs-explicit 0 I will turn you back the way you came That Sennacherib will return home before he can conquer Jerusalem can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will make you return to your own country the same way you came, without conquering Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 19 29 nx9r figs-parallelism 0 General Information: Here Isaiah is talking to King Hezekiah. He continues using parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 29 gx3t 0 grows wild “grows without having been planted”
2KI 19 30 gtq1 figs-metaphor 0 The remnant of the house of Judah that survives will again take root and bear fruit This metaphor compares restoration of the remnant to plantings that take hold and produce results. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah who remain alive will restore their lives and prosperity” or “The people who remain in Judah will prosper and have many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 19 31 q41h 0 The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this “The strong action of Yahweh will make this happen”
2KI 19 32 q83i figs-parallelism 0 General Information: This is the end of the message from Yahweh, spoken through the prophet Isaiah to King Hezekiah. It uses parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 19 32 l47x figs-metonymy 0 nor shoot an arrow here “Arrow” is metonymy representing all tools of warfare and destruction. Alternate translation: “nor do any fighting here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 19 32 u923 0 or build up a siege ramp against it “and they will not even build up high mounds of earth against the city wall to enable them to attack the city”
2KI 19 33 r75c figs-123person 0 this is Yahweh’s declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
2KI 19 34 pa6n 0 for my own sake and for my servant David’s sake “for the sake of my own reputation and because of what I promised to King David, who served me well”
2KI 19 37 txi6 translate-names 0 Adrammelek ... Sharezer ... Esarhaddon These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 20 intro abck 0 # 2 Kings 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter finishes the story of Hezekiah.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Hezekiah’s additional time<br>God hears the distressed call of his faithful believers. Hezekiah was dying but when he prayed, God gave him 15 more years of life. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])
2KI 20 1 dhm5 figs-metonymy 0 Set your house in order “House” is metonymy for what was under Hezekiah’s control. Alternate translation: “Give final instructions to your household and government” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 20 3 y2ay figs-idiom 0 call to mind This is a common way of speaking, an idiom, urging Yahweh to remember. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 20 3 vts1 figs-idiom 0 walked This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “lived my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 20 3 mv7z figs-metaphor 0 good in your sight Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in your judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 20 4 ad2v figs-metonymy 0 the word of Yahweh came “Word” represents the message Yahweh revealed to Isaiah. This is a common way of speaking, an idiom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 20 5 j5zi figs-parallelism 0 I have heard your prayer, and I have seen your tears The second part reinforces the first part to make one message by using parallelism. Alternate translation: “I have heard your prayers and seen your tears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 20 5 jaq6 0 on the third day “two days from now” The day Isaiah said this was the first day, so “the third day” would be the same as “two days from now.”
2KI 20 6 tej9 figs-metonymy 0 from the hand of the king of Assyria “Hand” is metonymy for power, authority and control. Alternate translation: “from the control of the king of Assyria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 20 7 y9eu 0 lump of figs “paste made of boiled figs”
2KI 20 7 xl9g 0 They did so and put it on his boil “Hezekiah’s servants did this and put the paste on Hezekiah’s sore”
2KI 20 9 kr84 figs-explicit 0 Shall the shadow go forward ten steps, or go back ten steps? The source of “the shadow” can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Do you want Yahweh to make the shadow caused by the sunlight on the stairway to go forward ten steps or to go back ten steps?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 20 9 wf56 0 ten steps This expression refers to the “stairway of Ahaz” in [2 Kings 20:11](../20/11.md). This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun’s rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day.
2KI 20 10 tm24 figs-explicit 0 It is an easy thing for the shadow to go forward ten steps Why “it is an easy thing” can be stated clearly. “It is easy to cause the shadow to move forward ten steps, because that is the normal thing for it to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 20 11 n148 figs-explicit 0 the stairway of Ahaz This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun’s rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day. Alternate translation: “the steps that had been built for King Ahaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 20 12 q3u5 translate-names 0 Marduk-Baladan ... Baladan These are the names of the king of Babylon and his son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 20 13 dh37 0 listened to those letters 1) “carefully considered those letters” or 2) “heard the message from the king of Babylon”
2KI 20 13 zgg3 figs-doublenegatives 0 There was nothing in his house, nor in all his kingdom, that Hezekiah did not show them Here “There was nothing ... did not show them” is an exaggeration used for emphasis. It means Hezekiah showed them all of his most valuable things. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Hezekiah showed him absolutely everything valuable in his house and in all his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 20 14 neq3 0 these men This refers to the men sent to King Hezekiah with a message and gifts from Marduk-Baladan.
2KI 20 15 fkx7 figs-hyperbole 0 They have seen everything in my house. There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them Hezekiah repeats the same idea in two ways to emphasize his point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2KI 20 15 mau7 figs-doublenegatives 0 There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them “Nothing” and “not” cancel each other out to make the idea positive. This exaggeration is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “I showed them absolutely every one of my valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 20 16 yw6e figs-explicit 0 So Isaiah said to Hezekiah Why Isaiah spoke can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “So, because Isaiah knew Hezekiah had been foolish to show the men all his valuable things, Isaiah said to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 20 16 nu7p 0 the word of Yahweh “the message of Yahweh”
2KI 20 17 wr4s 0 Look, the days are about to come when “Listen to me, someday there will come a time when”; “Look” is used to draw attention to what Isaiah is about to tell Hezekiah.
2KI 20 17 dsd6 figs-synecdoche 0 the days “Days” is synecdoche to refer to an undefined span of time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 20 19 aw9p 0 For he thought “Because Hezekiah thought”
2KI 20 19 jej2 figs-rquestion 0 Will there not be peace and stability in my days? Hezekiah asks this question for emphasis knowing the answer already. Alternate translation: “I can be sure that there will be peace and stability in my days.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 20 20 v69i figs-rquestion 0 are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 21 intro abcl 0 # 2 Kings 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s judgment<br>God judges sin. When Manasseh worshiped idols and did many evil things, God said he would cause Judah to be destroyed by its enemies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Simile<br><br>“I will wipe Jerusalem clean, as a man wipes a dish, wiping it and turning it upside down” means “God would completely destroy Jerusalem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])<br>
2KI 21 2 k3ux figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 2 qx6p 0 like the disgusting things Another possible meaning is “including the disgusting things.”
2KI 21 3 i746 figs-metonymy 0 he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars for Baal, made an Asherah pole Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate translation: “he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built for Baal, had an Asherah pole made” or “he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars for Baal, make an Asherah pole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 4 kq9h 0 General Information: The story of King Manasseh’s reign continues.
2KI 21 4 tf5j figs-metonymy 0 It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 5 lm3d figs-explicit 0 He built altars for all the stars of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh It is implied that he built these altars so people could make sacrifices and worship the stars. Also, he would not have built these altars himself, rather he would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: “He had his workers build altars in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh so that the people could worship the stars and offer them sacrifices” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 6 nlv5 figs-explicit 0 He caused his son to pass through the fire You may need to make explicit why he caused his son be put into the fire and what happened after he did so. Alternate translation: “He burned his son to death as an offering to his gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 21 6 qw58 0 consulted with “asked for information from”
2KI 21 6 p47l figs-metaphor 0 much evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “many things that were evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “many things that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 7 ub5i 0 General Information: The story of King Manasseh’s reign continues.
2KI 21 7 sss9 figs-metonymy 0 that he had made Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate translation: “that Manasseh had ordered his servants to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 7 p35n figs-metonymy 0 that I will put my name forever Here Yahweh putting his “name” on the temple represents him designating it as the place to worship him. Alternate translation: “where I want people to worship me forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 8 ysn5 figs-synecdoche 0 the feet of Israel The feet are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 21 9 g14q figs-metonymy 0 even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel Here “nations” refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate translation: “even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 13 j6kz figs-metaphor 0 stretch over Jerusalem the measuring line used against Samaria, and the plumb line used against the house of Ahab The words “measuring line” and “plumb line” are metaphors for the standards Yahweh uses to judge people. Alternate translation: “judge Jerusalem using the same measure I used when I judged Samaria and the house of Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 13 vp2y figs-metonymy 0 against Samaria Samaria is the capital city and it represents all the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “against the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 13 udx3 figs-metonymy 0 the house of Ahab Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 14 n7z2 0 I will throw off “I will abandon” or “I will reject”
2KI 21 14 nm49 figs-synecdoche 0 give them into the hand of their enemies Here the “hand” of the enemies refers to their enemies’ control. Alternate translation: “let their enemies defeat them and take over their land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 21 16 f4ns figs-metonymy 0 Manasseh shed much innocent blood The words “shed much innocent blood” are a metonym for killing people violently. It might be best to translate this so the reader understands that other people helped Manasseh do this. Alternate translation: “Manasseh ordered his soldiers to kill many innocent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 21 16 sx9u figs-hyperbole 0 he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another with death This hyperbole emphasizes the great number of people Manasseh had killed throughout Jerusalem. The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “dead people.” Alternate translation: “there were very many dead people throughout Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 21 16 ff48 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 17 ce1p figs-activepassive 0 are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written ... Judah.” or “you can find them ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 21 18 i542 figs-euphemism 0 slept with his ancestors and This is a polite way of saying he “died, as his ancestors had, and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 21 18 rhh9 translate-names 0 the garden of Uzza Possible meanings are 1) “the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza” or 2) “Uzza Garden.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 21 18 b29b translate-names 0 Amon This is a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 21 20 xn3z figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 21 hks2 figs-metaphor 0 followed in all the way that his father had walked in “walked in all the ways that his father walked in.” The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “lived completely the way his father had lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 21 22 r996 0 He abandoned Yahweh “He went away from Yahweh” or “He paid no more attention to Yahweh”
2KI 21 23 km8a 0 conspired against him “made plans and worked together to harm him”
2KI 21 24 pwu1 figs-hyperbole 0 the people of the land This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “some of the people in Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 21 24 nj33 0 conspired against “made plans and worked together to harm.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:23](../21/23.md).
2KI 21 25 zcb6 figs-activepassive 0 are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written ... Judah.” or “you can find them ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 21 26 zpi6 translate-names 0 the garden of Uzza Possible meanings are 1) “the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza” or 2) “Uzza Garden.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:18](../21/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 intro abcm 0 # 2 Kings 22 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The next two chapters (2 Kings 22-23) tell about the spiritual revival under King Josiah. A revival occurs when the people begin to worship Yahweh properly again. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The law<br>The priests found a copy of the law in the temple and took it to the king. He was upset because the people had disobeyed the law so badly. Josiah asked God about it. God said that he would destroy Judah for these sins but not in Josiah’s lifetime, since he humbled himself and wanted to do better. Many scholars believe this was a copy of the book of Deuteronomy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
2KI 22 2 q688 figs-metonymy 0 He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh Here “eyes” represents Yahweh’s thoughts or what he considered about something. Alternate translation: “He did what Yahweh considered to be right” or “He did what was right according to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 22 2 ly8g figs-metaphor 0 He walked in all the way of David his ancestor “He walked in all the ways of David his ancestor” Josiah behaving as David did is spoken of as if he walked on the same road or way as David. Alternate translation: “He lived the way David his ancestor had lived” or “He followed the example of David his ancestor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 2 n1m8 figs-metaphor 0 he did not turn away either to the right or to the left To fully obey Yahweh is spoken of as if a person were on the correct road and never turned from it. Alternate translation: “he did not do anything that would displease Yahweh” or “he fully obeyed all the laws of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 3 hab4 translate-ordinal 0 the eighteenth year “Eighteenth” is the ordinal form of 18. Alternate translation: “year 18” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 22 3 kxh4 translate-names 0 Shaphan ... Azaliah ... Meshullam These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 4 alb5 0 Go up to Hilkiah The phrase “Go up” is used because Yahweh’s temple was higher in elevation than where King Josiah was located. Alternate translation: “Go to Hilkiah”
2KI 22 4 dub3 translate-names 0 Hilkiah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 4 sf26 figs-activepassive 0 that has been brought into the house of Yahweh, which the temple guards have gathered from the people This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the temple guards who gathered the money from the people brought into the temple of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 22 4 xz1u 0 house of Yahweh This is another name for the “temple” (verse 3).
2KI 22 5 g4kj 0 house of Yahweh ... in the temple Here “house of Yahweh” and “temple” mean the same thing.
2KI 22 5 xuv8 figs-synecdoche 0 Let it be given into the hand of the workmen Here “hand” represents the workmen as a whole. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Tell Hilkiah to give the money to the workmen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 22 6 r9kj 0 the carpenters, the builders, and the masons These are the same as the workmen who are in the house of Yahweh in [2 Kings 22:5](../22/05.md). Here the workers are described in more detail.
2KI 22 6 j71y 0 carpenters workers who build with wood
2KI 22 6 ql4r 0 masons workers who build with stone
2KI 22 7 ieq6 0 was given to them ... because they handled Here “them” and “they” refer to the workmen who are in charge of the house of Yahweh in [2 Kings 22:5](../22/05.md).
2KI 22 7 hkm7 figs-activepassive 0 no accounting was required for the money that was given to them This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the workmen who were in charge did not have to report how they used the money that the temple guards gave them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 22 7 dt6w 0 because they handled it faithfully “because they used the money honestly”
2KI 22 8 hf68 translate-names 0 Hilkiah This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 8 n1xt 0 the book of the law Most likely these laws were written on a scroll. A scroll was a type of book made of one long, rolled-up sheet of papyrus or leather.
2KI 22 9 xt1w figs-synecdoche 0 given it into the hand of the workmen Here “hand” represents the workmen as a whole. Alternate translation: “given it to the workmen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 22 11 nye3 figs-metonymy 0 had heard the words of the law Here “words” represents the message of the law. Alternate translation: “had heard the laws that were written in the book” or “had heard the laws that were written in the scroll” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 22 11 d65n translate-symaction 0 he tore his clothes This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 22 12 qm31 translate-names 0 Ahikam ... Shaphan ... Akbor ... Micaiah ... Asaiah These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 13 xl33 0 Go and consult with Yahweh It is made clear in 22:14 that the king means for the men to go to the prophetess of Yahweh to determine Yahweh’s will.
2KI 22 13 u6an figs-synecdoche 0 the words of this book that has been found Here “words” represents the laws. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the laws in this book that Hilkiah has found” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 22 13 u2jp figs-metaphor 0 For great is the anger of Yahweh that has been kindled against us Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh is very angry with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 13 e5fi figs-activepassive 0 all that was written concerning us This refers to the law that was given to Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all that Moses wrote in the law that we should do” or “all the laws that God gave through Moses to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 22 14 hj95 translate-names 0 Huldah This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 14 lc23 translate-names 0 Shallum ... Tikvah ... Harhas These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 22 14 fia7 0 keeper of the wardrobe Possible meanings are 1) the person who took care of the clothing that priests wore in the temple or 2) the person who took care of the king’s clothing.
2KI 22 14 at8l figs-explicit 0 she lived in Jerusalem in the second quarter Here “second quarter” refers to the new part of the city that was built on the north side of Jerusalem. Also, “second” is the ordinal form of 2. Alternate translation: “she lived in Jerusalem in the new part of the city” or “she lived in the new part of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 22 15 lf4s 0 the man who sent you to me Here “the man” refers to King Josiah.
2KI 22 16 y4st figs-metaphor 0 I will bring disaster to this place and to its inhabitants Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that he could bring to a place. Alternate translation: “I will cause terrible things to happen to this place and to those who live there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 16 p6qx figs-synecdoche 0 to this place “to Jerusalem.” This refers to the city of Jerusalem which represents the whole land of Judah. Alternate translation: “to Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 22 17 syg8 figs-metaphor 0 my anger has been kindled against this place, and it will not be extinguished Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate translation: “my anger against this place is like a fire that cannot be put out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 17 c75r figs-metonymy 0 this place Here “place” represents the people who live in Jerusalem and Judah. Alternate translation: “these people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 22 18 a12h figs-metonymy 0 About the words that you heard Here “words” represents the message that Huldah just spoke. Alternate translation: “About the message that you heard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 22 19 cu8x figs-metonymy 0 because your heart was tender Here “heart” represents a person’s inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate translation: “because you felt sorry” or “because you repented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 22 19 ef3w figs-abstractnouns 0 that they would become a desolation and a curse The abstract nouns “desolation” and “curse” can be stated as an adjective and a verb. Alternate translation: “that I would make the land desolate and would curse them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 22 19 tca8 translate-symaction 0 torn your clothes This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2KI 22 19 u682 figs-123person 0 this is Yahweh’s declaration Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
2KI 22 20 cn5j figs-parallelism 0 See, I will gather you to your ancestors, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace Both statements mean basically the same thing. They are polite ways of saying he will die. Alternate translation: “So I will allow you to die and be buried peacefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 22 20 qgs2 figs-metonymy 0 Your eyes will not see Here “will not see” represents not experiencing something. Alternate translation: “You will not experience” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 22 20 mc6n figs-synecdoche 0 Your eyes Here “eyes” represents the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 22 20 j2cn figs-metaphor 0 the disaster that I will bring upon this place Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that Yahweh would bring to a place. Alternate translation: “the terrible things I will cause to happen in this place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 23 intro abcn 0 # 2 Kings 23 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Josiah ends in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Ending idolatry<br>Josiah destroyed idolatry in Judah and in the deserted areas of Israel. But he fought against Egypt and was killed in battle. After his death, Egypt set up a government of Judah that it controlled.<br>
2KI 23 2 yx5s figs-hyperbole 0 all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 23 2 bw8g figs-merism 0 from small to great This merism includes everyone in between. Alternate translation: “from the least important to the most important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2KI 23 2 k1ai 0 He then read in their hearing “Then the king read aloud so that they could hear”
2KI 23 2 wxs2 figs-activepassive 0 that had been found In [2 Kings 22:8](../22/08.md) it states that Hilkiah found the book. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Hilkiah had found” or “that they had found” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 23 3 lg2w figs-metaphor 0 walk after Yahweh The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path, and “to walk after” someone is a metonym for doing what that other person does or wants others to do. Alternate translation: “live obeying Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 3 v7nf figs-doublet 0 his commandments, his regulations, and his statutes These words all share similar meanings. Together they emphasize everything that Yahweh had commanded in the law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2KI 23 3 jl5a figs-idiom 0 with all his heart and all his soul The idiom “with all his heart” means “completely” and “with all his soul” means “with all his being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all his being” or “with all his energy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2KI 23 3 lb9c figs-activepassive 0 that were written in this book This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that this book contained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 23 3 ecz5 figs-idiom 0 stand by the covenant This idiom means to “obey the terms of the covenant.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2KI 23 4 sx3u 0 the priests under him “the other priests who served him”
2KI 23 4 i5uk 0 for Baal ... for all the stars “so people could use them to worship Baal ... so people could use them to worship all the stars”
2KI 23 4 vje6 figs-metonymy 0 He burned ... and carried The word “he” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “he had them burn them ... and carry them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 5 i5fz figs-metonymy 0 He got rid The word “He” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them get rid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 5 p31g 0 to Baal, to the sun and the moon, to the planets, and to all the stars “as a way to worship Baal, the sun and the moon, the planets, and all the stars”
2KI 23 6 ueh3 figs-metonymy 0 He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw The word “he” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 7 vc4c figs-metonymy 0 He cleared The word “He” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them clear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 7 qn4w 0 wove garments “made clothes”
2KI 23 8 rlc8 figs-metonymy 0 Josiah brought ... and defiled ... He destroyed Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to bring ... and to defile ... He had them destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 8 y8lj 0 Joshua (the city governor) “the city ruler named Joshua” or “the city leader named Joshua.” This is a different Joshua from the Joshua in the Old Testament Book of Joshua.
2KI 23 9 j64s 0 their brothers Here “brothers” refers to their fellow priests who served at the temple.
2KI 23 10 dx37 0 cause his son or his daughter to pass through the fire as a sacrifice to Molech “put his son or his daughter in the fire and burn them as an offering to Molech”
2KI 23 11 x7tv figs-explicit 0 He took away It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 11 vq7r figs-metonymy 0 had given to the sun Here “given” represents being dedicated for worship. Alternate translation: “had used to worship the sun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 11 b1bh translate-names 0 Nathan-Melek a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 23 12 ct7r figs-metonymy 0 Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... and threw Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... He had them smash ... had them throw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 12 xs4w figs-metonymy 0 the kings of Judah had made ... Manasseh had made Manasseh and the kings of Judah probably commanded their workers to make these things. Alternate translation: “the kings of Judah had their workers make ... Manasseh had his workers make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 12 dwd6 translate-names 0 Kidron Valley place name. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 23 13 d24c figs-metonymy 0 The king ruined Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 13 uf9z figs-metonymy 0 Solomon the king of Israel had built Solomon would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate translation: “Solomon the king of Israel had his workers build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 14 wk4z figs-metonymy 0 He broke ... he filled Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them break ... they filled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 14 kaf7 figs-explicit 0 filled those places with the bones of human beings “covered the ground with human bones so people could not use it as a shrine anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 15 q6gc figs-explicit 0 Josiah also completely destroyed ... He also burned ... and beat ... He also burned It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 16 i3m8 0 spoke of these things beforehand “had said that these things would happen”
2KI 23 18 wbg1 0 So they let his bones alone, along with the bones of “So they did not touch his bones or the bones of”
2KI 23 19 fe2v figs-explicit 0 Josiah removed ... He did It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 19 q3bs figs-explicit 0 the kings of Israel had made It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, probably the kings’ workers, might have helped the kings make these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 19 g6dz 0 what had been done “what he had done”
2KI 23 20 i9c6 figs-explicit 0 He slaughtered ... he burned It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 20 ub7s figs-explicit 0 he burned human bones on them You may need to make explicit why he burned the bones. “he burned human bones on them so no one would use them again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 23 21 f44h 0 Keep the Passover “You must celebrate the Passover”
2KI 23 22 rbl1 figs-activepassive 0 Such a Passover celebration had never been held from the days of This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Israel had not celebrated the Passover festival in such a great way in the time of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 23 22 qy57 figs-metonymy 0 ruled Israel The name “Israel” is a metonym for “the descendants of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 22 m8ft 0 the days of the kings of Israel or Judah “the time when the people of Israel had their own king and the people of Judah had their own king”
2KI 23 23 elp8 figs-activepassive 0 this Passover of Yahweh was celebrated This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah celebrated this Passover of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 23 24 j8ze 0 banished ... spirits “forced those ... spirits to leave” or “made a law that those ... spirits had to leave”
2KI 23 24 lu65 0 those who talked with the dead or with spirits See how you translated “those who talked with the dead and ... those who talked with spirits,” in [2 Kings 21:6](../21/06.md).
2KI 23 26 p9h5 0 Nevertheless The writer uses this word to show that even though all of these things that Josiah did were good, Yahweh was still angry with Judah.
2KI 23 26 cls6 figs-metaphor 0 Yahweh did not turn away from the burning of his fierce anger, which burned against Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. The abstract noun “anger” can be translated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Yahweh did not stop being fierce because he was angry with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
2KI 23 26 a2wd 0 had done to provoke him “had done to cause him to be angry”
2KI 23 27 d6xf 0 out of my sight “from where I am” or “from being near me”
2KI 23 27 bsh5 figs-metonymy 0 My name will be there The name is a metonym for the honor that people should give to the person. Alternate translation: “People should worship me there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 28 h614 figs-activepassive 0 are they not written ... Judah? This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “you can find them ... Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 23 29 sap6 0 In his days, Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt “During the time of Josiah, Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt”
2KI 23 29 k8gd translate-names 0 Necho ... Megiddo Necho is the name of a man. Megiddo is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 23 32 z2g6 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 23 33 aw37 figs-metonymy 0 put him in chains Being put “in chains” represents being captured and imprisoned. Alternate translation: “put him in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 23 33 iwc7 0 fined Judah “forced the people of Judah to give him”
2KI 23 33 g4w9 translate-bmoney 0 one hundred talents ... one talent A talent was about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “3,300 kilograms ... 33 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
2KI 23 35 i68u 0 Jehoikim taxed the land “Jehoikim collected taxes from the people who owned land”
2KI 23 35 v24z 0 people of the land “people of the land of Judah.” Possible meanings are 1) “the people who lived in the land of Judah” or 2) “the richest and most powerful of those who lived in Judah.”
2KI 23 36 s72q translate-names 0 Zebidah This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 23 36 gz76 translate-names 0 Pedaiah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 23 37 b992 figs-metaphor 0 did what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 24 intro abco 0 # 2 Kings 24 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>These last two chapters are the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### God’s punishment<br>God punished Judah because of their sin. The Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and carry away all the craftsmen, soldiers and wealthy. They make Zedekiah the king. He was not truly a king because he lacked absolute authority. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
2KI 24 1 n2cj 0 In Jehoiakim’s days “During the time that Jehoiakim ruled Judah”
2KI 24 1 wre8 figs-explicit 0 attacked Judah You may need to make explicit what happened after Nebuchadnezzar attacked Judah. Alternate translation: “attacked and defeated Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 24 2 bf6x figs-activepassive 0 This was in conformity with the word of Yahweh that had been spoken through his servants the prophets This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “This was according to the word of Yahweh that his servants the prophets had spoken” or “This was exactly what Yahweh had told his servants the prophets to say would happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 24 3 d357 0 It was certainly at the mouth of Yahweh Some versions have, “It was certainly because of the wrath of Yahweh,” which is just as good a reading of the original text. If translators have access to versions in major languages in their region, they should probably follow their choice.
2KI 24 3 nnw7 figs-metonymy 0 at the mouth of Yahweh Here “mouth” represents Yahweh’s command. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh had commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 24 3 eb3l 0 remove them out of his sight “get rid of them” or “destroy them”
2KI 24 4 bik2 figs-metonymy 0 innocent blood that he shed Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate translation: “innocent people whom he killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 24 4 xy8v figs-metonymy 0 he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate translation: “he killed many innocent people in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 24 5 en3p figs-activepassive 0 are they not written ... Judah? This is written as a rhetorical question because at the time this was written people were already aware of this information. This can be written as a statement. It can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are indeed written ... Judah.” or “you can find them ... Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2KI 24 6 nt1z figs-euphemism 0 slept with his ancestors Sleeping is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: “died and was buried along with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2KI 24 7 yjf2 0 The king of Egypt did not attack any more out of his land “The king of Egypt did not come out of his land any more to attack other people groups”
2KI 24 8 zka9 translate-names 0 Nehushta ... Elnathan Nehushta is the name of a woman. Elnathan is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 24 9 w6b8 figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 24 9 gi6b figs-hyperbole 0 he did all that his father had done Here “all” is a generalization. It means he did the same sinful things as his father. Alternate translation: “he committed the same kinds of sins his father had committed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 24 12 ish3 figs-explicit 0 Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers You may need to make explicit why Jehoiachin went out to meet Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “Jehoiachin the king of Judah, with his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers, went out to where the king of Babylon was, to surrender to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 24 12 k4kt 0 The king of Babylon captured him in the eighth year of his own reign “After the king of Babylon had been king for more than seven years, he captured Jehoiachin”
2KI 24 13 g1jx figs-explicit 0 Solomon king of Israel had made You might want to translate this so the reader understands that Solomon might have had others help him do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 24 14 k5cp figs-metonymy 0 He took into exile all Jerusalem Here “Jerusalem” is a metonym for the people who lived there. And, “all” is a generalization. It means all the most important people Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar took all the important people away from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 24 14 bf1n 0 the craftsmen and the smiths “the men who knew how to make and repair things that are made from metal”
2KI 24 14 fyh1 figs-doublenegatives 0 No one was left except the poorest people in the land This can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Only the poorest people in the land still lived there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2KI 24 19 wr7q figs-metaphor 0 what was evil in the sight of Yahweh The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2KI 25 intro abcp 0 # 2 Kings 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Zedekiah’s revolt<br>Zedekiah revolted against the Babylonians, so they came and completely destroyed Jerusalem. They tore down the city walls and took the rest of the people to Babylon as slaves, except the very poorest people remained.<br>
2KI 25 1 pl4l translate-ordinal 0 in the ninth year (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 25 1 j1c4 translate-ordinal 0 in the tenth month, and on the tenth day of the month This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of December on Western calendars. This is during the cold season when there may be rain and snow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
2KI 25 1 ty29 figs-metonymy 0 came with all his army against Jerusalem The name “Jerusalem” is a metonym for the people who lived in it. Alternate translation: “came with his whole army to fight against the people of Jerusalem” or “came with his whole army to conquer Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 25 3 c39x translate-ordinal 0 the ninth day of the fourth month This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. The ninth day is near the end of June on Western calendars. This is during the dry season when there is very little or no rain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
2KI 25 3 x5hf 0 the people of the land These are the inhabitants of Jerusalem, including refugees from the surrounding villages that fled to Jerusalem when the war started.
2KI 25 4 hev4 figs-activepassive 0 Then the city was broken into This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then the Babylonian army broke into the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 25 4 c1y1 0 all the fighting men “all the warriors”
2KI 25 4 yt64 0 by the way of the gate “by using the gate”
2KI 25 4 sg4r 0 the Chaldeans Some translations use “Chaldeans” and others use “Babylonians.” Both terms refer to the same people group.
2KI 25 4 v6j3 0 The king went in the direction of “King Zedekiah also fled and he went toward”
2KI 25 5 mvz1 figs-activepassive 0 All his army was scattered away from him This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “His whole army ran away from him” or “The Chaldeans chased away his whole army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 25 6 r5qj 0 passed sentence on him “decided what they would do to punish him”
2KI 25 7 fh5s figs-synecdoche 0 they slaughtered them before his eyes The eyes are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “they forced king Zedekiah to watch them kill his sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2KI 25 7 v1ma figs-explicit 0 he put out his eyes “Nebuchadnezzar put out Zedekiah’s eyes.” It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people might have helped Nebuchadnezzar do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 25 8 xvy1 translate-ordinal 0 in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The seventh day is near the end of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
2KI 25 8 b969 translate-ordinal 0 the nineteenth year This is the ordinal form of the number 19. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 25 8 yy9v translate-names 0 Nebuzaradan This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 10 dj6i 0 As for all the walls around Jerusalem, all “This is what happened to all the walls around Jerusalem: all”
2KI 25 10 pp2x 0 who were under “who were following the orders of”
2KI 25 11 x6c3 0 As for the rest of the people ... city, those “This is what happened to the rest of the people ... city: those”
2KI 25 11 xm95 0 the rest of the people who were left in the city “the people who remained in the city”
2KI 25 11 i3y2 0 deserted to the king “left the city and gone to be with the king”
2KI 25 13 uaq2 0 As for the bronze pillars ... Yahweh, the Chaldeans “This is what happened to the bronze pillars ... Yahweh: the Chaldeans”
2KI 25 13 ph6f 0 the stands This refers to the large, moveable bronze stands with bronze wheels and axles. “the moveable bronze stands” or “the bronze stands with wheels”
2KI 25 13 l5um 0 the bronze sea “the large bronze basin”
2KI 25 13 vyc7 0 broke them into pieces “cut them into pieces” or “chopped them up into small pieces”
2KI 25 14 fkz8 0 with which the priests had served in the temple “which the priests had used in the temple service”
2KI 25 15 sgl1 figs-explicit 0 The pots for removing ashes You may need to make explicit which ashes are spoken of. Alternate translation: “The pots that were used for removing ashes from the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 25 16 j7af 0 the sea “the large bronze basin.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:13](../25/13.md).
2KI 25 19 ydp7 0 took prisoner “captured and kept from escaping”
2KI 25 19 v5sk 0 an officer who was in charge of soldiers Other translations may read “a eunuch who was in charge of soldiers.” A eunuch is a man whose private parts have been removed.
2KI 25 19 jax7 0 officer responsible for drafting men into the army Possible meanings are 1) the officer forced men to become soldiers or 2) the officer wrote down the names of the men who became soldiers.
2KI 25 20 qh76 0 Nebuzaradan This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:8](../25/08.md).
2KI 25 20 cl9d 0 Riblah This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:6](../25/06.md).
2KI 25 21 dxm3 figs-euphemism 0 put them to death This is a polite way of saying “killed them.” It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people might have helped the king do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2KI 25 21 b7iy 0 In this way, Judah went out of its land into exile “So Judah was taken into exile out of its land”
2KI 25 21 u6ll figs-metonymy 0 Judah went out of its land Judah, the name of the people group, is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah went out of their land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 25 22 k15w translate-names 0 Gedaliah ... Ahikam ... Shaphan These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 23 yzs4 translate-names 0 Ishmael ... Nethaniah ... Johanan ... Kareah ... Seraiah ... Tanhumeth ... Jaazaniah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 23 ww42 translate-names 0 Netophathite This refers to a person who is a descendant of a man named Netophah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 23 ytq9 translate-names 0 Maakathite This refers to a person who comes from a place called Maakah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 25 cfc4 translate-hebrewmonths 0 the seventh month This is the seventh month on the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 25 25 bt4c translate-names 0 Elishama This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 26 n8hs figs-hyperbole 0 all the people This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2KI 25 26 u3mg figs-merism 0 from the least to the greatest This is a merism that means “everyone,” which is a generalization. Alternate translation: “from the least important to the most important” or “everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2KI 25 27 y9pc translate-ordinal 0 in the thirty-seventh year (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 25 27 ggr6 translate-hebrewmonths 0 in the twelfth month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month This is the twelfth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-seventh day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
2KI 25 27 wz2b translate-names 0 Awel-Marduk This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2KI 25 28 kh12 figs-metonymy 0 a seat more honorable than that of the other kings Giving a good place at the dining table is a metonym for honoring him. Alternate translation: “more honor than the other kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 25 29 e7s6 figs-metonymy 0 removed Jehoiachin’s prison clothes The act of removing Jehoiachins’ prison clothes represents making him a free man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2KI 25 29 ahi6 0 at the king’s table “with the king and his officials”
2KI 25 30 i56q figs-activepassive 0 A regular food allowance was given to him This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The king made sure that he had a regular food allowance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2KI 25 30 pi4e 0 A regular food allowance “Money to buy food”
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