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standardize-quotes (#428)
Fixes > with no following space Fixes >> and >>> Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richard_mahn@wycliffeassociates.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/428
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Richard Mahn
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@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ By telling a man that his sins were forgiven, **Jesus forgave** the man’s sins
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The phrase “you will call his name Jesus” is an instruction. It can be translated using the sentence type of a normal instruction.
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>> She will give birth to a son. **Name him Jesus**, because he will save his people from their sins.
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> > She will give birth to a son. **Name him Jesus**, because he will save his people from their sins.
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(2) If the function of a statement would not be understood correctly in your language, add a sentence type that would express that function.
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@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ If double negatives are natural and are used to express the positive in your lan
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(1) If the purpose of a double negative in the Bible is simply to make a positive statement, and if it would not do that in your language, remove the two negatives so that it is positive.
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> For we do **not** have a high priest who can**not** feel sympathy for our weaknesses. (Hebrews 4:15a ULT)
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>> “For we have a high priest who can feel sympathy for our weaknesses.”
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> > “For we have a high priest who can feel sympathy for our weaknesses.”
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> … in order **not** to be **unfruitful**. (Titus 3:14b ULT)
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>> “… so that they may be fruitful.”
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> > “… so that they may be fruitful.”
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(2) If the purpose of a double negative in the Bible is to make a strong positive statement, and if it would not do that in your language, remove the two negatives and put in a strengthening word or phrase such as “very” or “surely” or “absolutely.”
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@ -45,13 +45,13 @@ If people would understand that that masculine words like “man,” “brother,
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(1) Use nouns that can be used for both men and women.
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> The wise **man** dies just like the fool dies. (Ecclesiastes 2:16b ULT)
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>> “The wise **person** dies just like the fool dies.”
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>> “Wise **people** die just like fools die.”
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> > “The wise **person** dies just like the fool dies.”
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> > “Wise **people** die just like fools die.”
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(2) Use a word that refers to men and a word that refers to women.
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> For we do not want you to be uninformed, **brothers**, about the troubles that happened to us in Asia. (2 Corinthians 1:8) – Paul was writing this letter to both men and women.
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>> “For we do not want you to be uninformed, **brothers and sisters**, about the troubles that happened to us in Asia.”
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> > “For we do not want you to be uninformed, **brothers and sisters**, about the troubles that happened to us in Asia.”
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(3) Use pronouns that can be used for both men and women.
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@ -40,26 +40,26 @@ If your language can use the same wording as in the ULT to refer to people or th
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(1) Use the word “the” in the noun phrase.
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> Yahweh gives favor to **a good man**, but he condemns **a man who makes evil plans**. (Proverbs 12:2 ULT)
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>> “Yahweh gives favor to **the good man**, but he condemns **the man who makes evil plans**.” (Proverbs 12:2)
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> > “Yahweh gives favor to **the good man**, but he condemns **the man who makes evil plans**.” (Proverbs 12:2)
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(2) Use the word “a” in the noun phrase.
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> People curse **the man** who refuses to sell grain. (Proverbs 11:26 ULT)
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>> “People curse **a man** who refuses to sell grain”
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> > “People curse **a man** who refuses to sell grain”
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(3) Use the word “any, as in “any person” or “anyone.”
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> People curse **the man** who refuses to sell grain. (Proverbs 11:26 ULT)
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>> “People curse **any man** who refuses to sell grain.”
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> > “People curse **any man** who refuses to sell grain.”
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(4) Use the plural form, as in “people” (or in this sentence, “men”).
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> People curse **the man** who refuses to sell grain. (Proverbs 11:26 ULT)
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>> “People curse **men** who refuse to sell grain”
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> > “People curse **men** who refuse to sell grain”
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(5) Use any other way that is natural in your language.
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> People curse **the man** who refuses to sell grain. (Proverbs 11:26 ULT)
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>> “People curse **whoever** refuses to sell grain.”
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> > “People curse **whoever** refuses to sell grain.”
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@ -44,18 +44,18 @@ If the word used in the ULT would be natural and give the right meaning in your
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(1) Use the word “go,” “come,” “take,” or “bring” that would be natural in your language.
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> But you will be free from my oath if you **come** to my relatives and they will not give her to you. (Genesis 24:41 ULT)
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>> But you will be free from my oath if you **go** to my relatives and they will not give her to you.
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> > But you will be free from my oath if you **go** to my relatives and they will not give her to you.
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>“What did you go out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind? (Luke 7:24b ULT)
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>> “What did you come out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
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> “What did you go out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind? (Luke 7:24b ULT)
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> > “What did you come out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
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(2) Use another word that expresses the right meaning.
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> When you have **come** to the land that Yahweh your God gives you, and when you take possession of it and begin to live in it… (Deuteronomy 17:14 ULT)
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>> “When you have **arrived** in the land that Yahweh your God gives you, and when you take possession of it and begin to live in it…”
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> > “When you have **arrived** in the land that Yahweh your God gives you, and when you take possession of it and begin to live in it…”
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> Yahweh said to Noah, “**Come**, you and all your household, into the ark… (Genesis 7:1 ULT)
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>> “Yahweh said to Noah, “**Enter**, you and all your household, into the ark…”
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> > “Yahweh said to Noah, “**Enter**, you and all your household, into the ark…”
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> “What did you go out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind? (Luke 7:24b ULT)
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>> “What did you travel out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
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> > “What did you travel out into the desert to see? A reed shaken by the wind?
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@ -80,4 +80,4 @@ The adjective “obedient” can be substituted with the verb “obey.”
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The noun “glory” can be changed to the adjective “glorious” to make it clear that Jesus’ appearing is what we hope for. Also, “Jesus Christ” can be moved to the front of the phrase and “great God and Savior” put into a relative clause that describes the one person, Jesus Christ.
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>> We look forward to receiving **what we are longing for, the blessed and glorious appearing** of **Jesus Christ, who is our great God and Savior**.
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> > We look forward to receiving **what we are longing for, the blessed and glorious appearing** of **Jesus Christ, who is our great God and Savior**.
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@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ If the idiom would be clearly understood in your language, consider using it. If
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(1) Translate the meaning plainly without using an idiom.
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> Then all Israel came to David at Hebron and said, “Look, we are your **flesh and bone**.” (1 Chronicles 11:1 ULT)
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>> Look, we all **belong to the same nation**.
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> > Look, we all **belong to the same nation**.
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> Then he **set his face** to go to Jerusalem. (Luke 9:51b ULT)
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>> He started to travel to Jerusalem, **determined to reach it**.
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> > He started to travel to Jerusalem, **determined to reach it**.
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> I am not worthy that you would come **under my roof**. (Luke 7:6b ULT)
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>> I am not worthy that you should enter **my house**.
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> > I am not worthy that you should enter **my house**.
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(2) Use an idiom that people use in your own language that has the same meaning.
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ In the Bible, God blesses people by using imperatives. This indicates what his w
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An imperative sentence can also be used to tell the **condition** under which something will happen. The proverbs mainly tell about life and things that often happen. The purpose of Proverbs 4:6 below is not primarily to give a command, but to teach what people can expect to happen **if** they love wisdom.
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>**Do not abandon** wisdom and she will watch over you;
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> **Do not abandon** wisdom and she will watch over you;
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> **love** her and she will keep you safe. (Proverbs 4:6 ULT)
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The purpose of Proverbs 22:6, below, is to teach what people can expect to happen if they teach their children the way they should go.
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@ -62,4 +62,4 @@ If your language puts the important information last, you can change the order o
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If your language puts the important information last, you can change the order of the verse.
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>> When all men speak well of you, which is just as people’s ancestors treated the false prophets, then woe to you!
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> > When all men speak well of you, which is just as people’s ancestors treated the false prophets, then woe to you!
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@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ If the litotes would be understood correctly, consider using it.
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(1) If the meaning with the negative would not be clear, give the **positive** meaning in a strong way.
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> For you yourselves know, brothers, that our coming to you was **not useless**. (1 Thessalonians 2:1 ULT)
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>> “For you yourselves know, brothers, our visit to you **did much good**.”
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> > “For you yourselves know, brothers, our visit to you **did much good**.”
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> Now when it became day, there was **no small disturbance** among the soldiers over what therefore had happened to Peter. (Acts 12:18 ULT)
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>> “Now when it became day, there was **great excitement** among the soldiers, regarding what had happened to Peter.”
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>> “Now when it became day, the soldiers were **very concerned** because of what had happened to Peter.”
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> > “Now when it became day, there was **great excitement** among the soldiers, regarding what had happened to Peter.”
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> > “Now when it became day, the soldiers were **very concerned** because of what had happened to Peter.”
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@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ If the merism would be natural and give the right meaning in your language, cons
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(1) Identify what the merism refers to without mentioning the parts.
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> I praise you, Father, Lord of **heaven and earth**. (Matthew 11:25b ULT)
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>> I praise you, Father, Lord of **everything**.
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> > I praise you, Father, Lord of **everything**.
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> **From the rising of the sun to its setting**, Yahweh’s name should be praised. (Psalm 113:3 ULT)
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>> **In all places**, people should praise Yahweh’s name.
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> > **In all places**, people should praise Yahweh’s name.
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(2) Identify what the merism refers to and include the parts.
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> I praise you, Father, Lord of **heaven and earth**. (Matthew 11:25b ULT)
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>> I praise you, Father, Lord of **everything, including both what is in heaven and what is on earth**.
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> > I praise you, Father, Lord of **everything, including both what is in heaven and what is on earth**.
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> He will bless those who honor him, both **young and old**. (Psalm 115:13 ULT)
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>> He will bless **all those** who honor him, regardless of whether they are **young or old**.
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> > He will bless **all those** who honor him, regardless of whether they are **young or old**.
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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ If your language uses adjectives as nouns to refer to a class of people, conside
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(1) Use the adjective with a plural form of the noun that the adjective describes.
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> The scepter of wickedness must not rule in the land of **the righteous**. (Psalms 125:3a ULT)
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>> The scepter of wickedness must not rule in the land of **righteous people**.
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> > The scepter of wickedness must not rule in the land of **righteous people**.
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> Blessed are **the meek**. (Matthew 5:5a ULT)
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>> Blessed are **people who are meek**.
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> > Blessed are **people who are meek**.
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ If the past tense would be natural and give the right meaning in your language,
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(1) Use the future tense to refer to future events.
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> For to us a child **has been born**, to us a son **has been given**. (Isaiah 9:6a ULT)
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>> “For to us a child **will be born**, to us a son **will be given**.
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> > “For to us a child **will be born**, to us a son **will be given**.
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(2) If it refers to something that would happen very soon, use a form that shows that.
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@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ If the personification would be understood clearly, consider using it. If it wou
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> **Sin crouches** at the door. (Genesis 4:7b ULT) – God speaks of sin as if it were a wild animal that is waiting for the chance to attack. This shows how dangerous sin is. An additional phrase can be added to make this danger clear.
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>> **Sin** is at your door, **waiting to attack you.**
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> > **Sin** is at your door, **waiting to attack you.**
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(2) In addition to Strategy (1), use words such as “like” or “as” to show that the sentence is not to be understood literally.
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>Sin crouches at the door. (Genesis 4:7b ULT) – This can be translated with the word “as.”
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> Sin crouches at the door. (Genesis 4:7b ULT) – This can be translated with the word “as.”
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>> Sin is crouching at the door, **just as a wild animal does as it waits to attack a person.**.
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> > Sin is crouching at the door, **just as a wild animal does as it waits to attack a person.**.
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(3) Find a way to translate it without the personification.
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> Even the **winds and the sea obey him**. (Matthew 8:27b ULT) – The men speak of the “wind and the sea” as if they are able to hear and obey Jesus, just as people can. This could also be translated without the idea of obedience by speaking of Jesus controlling them.
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>> He even **controls the winds and the sea**.
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> > He even **controls the winds and the sea**.
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**NOTE**: We have broadened our definition of “personification” to include “zoomorphism” (speaking of other things as if they had animal characteristics) and “anthropomorphism” (speaking of non-human things as if they had human characteristics) because the translation strategies for them are the same.
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@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ Here are some ways you may be able to help readers see where each quote starts a
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> They said to him, “A man came to meet us who said to us, ‘Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, “Yahweh says this: ‘Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.’”‘” (2 Kings 1:6 ULT)
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>> They told him **that** a man came to meet them who said to them, “Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, ‘Yahweh says this: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.”‘”
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> > They told him **that** a man came to meet them who said to them, “Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, ‘Yahweh says this: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.”‘”
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(3) If a quotation is very long and has many layers of quotation in it, indent the main overall quote, and use quote marks only for the direct quotes inside of it.
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> They said to him, “A man came to meet us who said to us, ‘Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, “Yahweh says this: ‘Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.’”‘” (2 Kings 1:6 ULT)
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>> They said to him,
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>>> A man came to meet us who said to us, “Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, ‘Yahweh says this: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.”‘”
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> > They said to him,
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> > > A man came to meet us who said to us, “Go back to the king who sent you, and say to him, ‘Yahweh says this: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron? Therefore you will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up; instead, you will certainly die.”‘”
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@ -51,18 +51,18 @@ If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider u
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(1) In some languages people modify the verb to show that the object of the verb is the same as the subject.
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> If I should testify about **myself** alone, my testimony would not be true. (John 5:31)
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>> “If I should **self-testify** alone, my testimony would not be true.”
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> > “If I should **self-testify** alone, my testimony would not be true.”
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> Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem from the country before the Passover in order to **purify themselves**. (John 11:55)
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>> “Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem out from country before the Passover in order to **self-purify**.”
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> > “Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up to Jerusalem out from country before the Passover in order to **self-purify**.”
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(2) In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by referring to it in a special place in the sentence.
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> **He himself** took our sickness and bore our diseases. (Matthew 8:17 ULT)
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>> “**It was he who** took our sickness and bore our diseases.”
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> > “**It was he who** took our sickness and bore our diseases.”
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> **Jesus himself** was not baptizing, but his disciples were. (John 4:2)
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>> “**It was not Jesus who** was baptizing, but his disciples were.”
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> > “**It was not Jesus who** was baptizing, but his disciples were.”
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(3) In some languages people emphasize a certain person or thing by adding something to that word or putting another word with it. English adds the reflexive pronoun.
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@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ If a reflexive pronoun would have the same function in your language, consider u
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(4) In some languages people show that someone did something alone by using a word like “alone.”
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> When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again up the mountain **by himself**. (John 6:15)
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>> “When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again **alone** up the mountain.”
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> > “When Jesus realized that they were about to come and seize him by force to make him king, he withdrew again **alone** up the mountain.”
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(5) In some languages people show that something was alone by using a phrase that tells about where it was.
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> He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. It was not lying with the linen cloths but was folded up in a place **by itself**. (John 20:6b-7 ULT)
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>> “He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. It was not lying with the linen cloths but was folded up and lying **in it’s own place**.”
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> > “He saw the linen cloths lying there and the cloth that had been on his head. It was not lying with the linen cloths but was folded up and lying **in it’s own place**.”
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(1) Add the answer after the question.
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> **Will a virgin forget her jewelry, a bride her veils?** Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number! (Jeremiah 2:32 ULT)
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>> Will a virgin forget her jewelry, a bride her veils? **Of course not!** Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number!
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> > Will a virgin forget her jewelry, a bride her veils? **Of course not!** Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number!
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> Or what man is there among you, of whom his son will ask for a loaf of bread, but he will give him a stone? (Matthew 7:9 ULT)
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>> Or what man is there among you, of whom his son will ask for a loaf of bread, but he will give him a stone? **None of you would do that!**
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> > Or what man is there among you, of whom his son will ask for a loaf of bread, but he will give him a stone? **None of you would do that!**
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(2) Change the rhetorical question to a statement or exclamation.
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> **What is the kingdom of God like, and what can I compare it to?** It is like a mustard seed. (Luke 13:18-19a ULT)
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>> **This is what the kingdom of God is like.** It is like a mustard seed…”
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> > **This is what the kingdom of God is like.** It is like a mustard seed…”
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> **Are you insulting the high priest of God?** (Acts 23:4b ULT) (Acts 23:4 ULT)
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>> **You should not insult God’s high priest!**
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> > **You should not insult God’s high priest!**
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> **Why did I not die when I came out from the womb?** (Job 3:11a ULT)
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>> **I wish I had died when I came out from the womb!**
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> > **I wish I had died when I came out from the womb!**
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> **And how has this happened to me that the mother of my Lord should come to me?** (Luke 1:43 ULT)
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>> **How wonderful it is that the mother of my Lord has come to me!**
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> > **How wonderful it is that the mother of my Lord has come to me!**
|
||||
|
||||
(3) Change the rhetorical question to a statement, and then follow it with a short question.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Do you not still rule** the kingdom of Israel? (1 Kings 21:7b ULT)
|
||||
>> You still rule the kingdom of Israel, **do you not?**
|
||||
> > You still rule the kingdom of Israel, **do you not?**
|
||||
|
||||
(4) Change the form of the question so that it communicates in your language what the orignal speaker communicated in his.
|
||||
|
||||
> Or what man is there among you, of whom his son will ask for a loaf of bread, but he will give him a stone? (Matthew 7:9 ULT)
|
||||
>> If your son asks you for a loaf of bread, **would you give him a stone**?
|
||||
> > If your son asks you for a loaf of bread, **would you give him a stone**?
|
||||
|
||||
> **Will a virgin forget her jewelry, a bride her veils**? Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number! (Jeremiah 2:32 ULT)
|
||||
>> **What virgin would forget her jewelry, and what bride would forget her veils**? Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number
|
||||
> > **What virgin would forget her jewelry, and what bride would forget her veils**? Yet my people have forgotten me for days without number
|
||||
|
|
@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ Nehemiah makes clear that he brought other people with him on his inspection tou
|
|||
> **His** anger raged continually,
|
||||
> and **his** wrath lasted forever.” (Amos 1:11 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> This is what Yahweh says,
|
||||
>> “For three sins of Edom,
|
||||
>> even for four,
|
||||
>> I will not turn away punishment,
|
||||
>> because **they** pursued **their brothers** with the sword
|
||||
>> and cast off all pity.
|
||||
>> **Their** anger raged continually,
|
||||
>> and **their** wrath lasted forever.”
|
||||
> > This is what Yahweh says,
|
||||
> > “For three sins of Edom,
|
||||
> > even for four,
|
||||
> > I will not turn away punishment,
|
||||
> > because **they** pursued **their brothers** with the sword
|
||||
> > and cast off all pity.
|
||||
> > **Their** anger raged continually,
|
||||
> > and **their** wrath lasted forever.”
|
||||
|
||||
> And I arose in the night, myself and a few men with me. And **I** was going up by the wadi at night, and **I** was looking intently at the wall. And **I** turned back, and **I** entered by the gate of the valley, and **I** returned. (Nehemiah 2:12a,15 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -49,33 +49,33 @@ If Contrary-to-Fact conditions are clear in your language, then use them as they
|
|||
|
||||
> But **if Baal is God**, worship him! (Story 19 Frame 6 OBS)
|
||||
|
||||
>> If you believe that Baal is God, then worship him!
|
||||
> > If you believe that Baal is God, then worship him!
|
||||
|
||||
(2) If the condition leads the reader to think that the speaker is suggesting that the first part is true, then restate it as a statement that it is not true.
|
||||
|
||||
>> If Baal is not God, then you should not worship him!
|
||||
> > If Baal is not God, then you should not worship him!
|
||||
|
||||
But his wife replied to him, “**If Yahweh had desired to kill us**, he would not have taken from our hand the whole burnt offering and the offering. He would not have shown us all these things, and at this time would he have not allowed us to hear about this.” (Judges 13:23 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “**Yahweh does not want to kill us**, or he would not have received the burnt offering and the offering we gave him.
|
||||
> > “**Yahweh does not want to kill us**, or he would not have received the burnt offering and the offering we gave him.
|
||||
|
||||
(3) If the condition is expressing something that did not happen but the speaker wanted it to happen, restate it as a wish.
|
||||
|
||||
> “**If only we had died** by Yahweh’s hand in the land of Egypt, sitting by a pot of meat and eating bread to the full. (Exodus 16b:3 ULT)
|
||||
>> “**I wish we had died** by Yahweh’s hand in the land of Egypt…”
|
||||
> > “**I wish we had died** by Yahweh’s hand in the land of Egypt…”
|
||||
|
||||
(4) If the condition is expressing something that did not happen, restate it as a negative statement.
|
||||
|
||||
> “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! **If the mighty deeds had been done** in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you, **they would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes. (Matthew 11:21 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! The mighty deeds which were done in you **were not done** in Tyre and Sidon. But **if they had been done there, those people would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
|
||||
> > “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! The mighty deeds which were done in you **were not done** in Tyre and Sidon. But **if they had been done there, those people would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
|
||||
|
||||
(5) Often Factual and Contrary-to-Fact Conditions are used to make reasoned arguments for a change in behavior. If translators are struggling to know the best way to translate them, it could be helpful to discuss how this is done in their language community. If someone is trying to convince people to change their behavior, how do they do that? It may be possible to adapt similar strategies when translating these conditions.
|
||||
|
||||
> But **if Baal is God**, worship him! (Story 19 Frame 6 OBS)
|
||||
|
||||
>> Is Baal the one who is truly God? Should you worship him?
|
||||
> > Is Baal the one who is truly God? Should you worship him?
|
||||
|
||||
> “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! **If the mighty deeds had been done** in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you, **they would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes. (Matthew 11:21 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! You think that you are better than Tyre and Sidon, but you are not! **They would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes at seeing the mighty deeds that you have seen! **You should be like them**!
|
||||
> > “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! You think that you are better than Tyre and Sidon, but you are not! **They would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes at seeing the mighty deeds that you have seen! **You should be like them**!
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ If using the form of a hypothetical condition is confusing or would make the rea
|
|||
|
||||
> “**If** Yahweh is God, worship him!” (Story 19 Frame 6 OBS)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “**It is true that** Yahweh is God, so worship him!”
|
||||
> > “**It is true that** Yahweh is God, so worship him!”
|
||||
|
||||
> “A son honors his father, and a servant honors his master. **If** I, then, am a father, where is my honor? **If** I am a master, where is the reverence for me?” says Yahweh of hosts to you priests, who despise my name. (Malachi 1:6 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “A son honors his father, and a servant honors his master. **Since** I, then, am a father, where is my honor? **Since** I am a master, where is the reverence for me?”
|
||||
> > “A son honors his father, and a servant honors his master. **Since** I, then, am a father, where is my honor? **Since** I am a master, where is the reverence for me?”
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ There are two hypothetical conditions here: (1) If it is true that this plan is
|
|||
|
||||
> God promised to bless the people and protect them, **if** they obeyed these laws. But he said he would punish them **if** they did not obey them. (Story 13 Frame 7 OBS)
|
||||
|
||||
>> If the people obeyed these laws, **then** God promised he would bless them and protect them. But **if** they did not obey these laws, **then** God said that he would punish them.
|
||||
> > If the people obeyed these laws, **then** God promised he would bless them and protect them. But **if** they did not obey these laws, **then** God said that he would punish them.
|
||||
|
||||
> … **if** this plan or this work is of men, it will be overthrown. But **if** it is of God, you will not be able to overthrow them; (Acts 5:38b-39a ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ If the way that Exceptional Clauses are marked in the source language is also cl
|
|||
> > But if you will not redeem it, then tell me so that I may know, for **you are first in line to redeem it \[only you can redeem it\]**, and I am after you.”
|
||||
|
||||
> The man said, “Let me go, for the dawn is breaking.” Jacob said, “I will **not** let you go **unless** you bless me.” (Genesis 32:26 ULT)
|
||||
>> The man said, “Let me go, for the dawn is breaking.” Jacob said, “I will let you go **only if** you bless me.”
|
||||
> > The man said, “Let me go, for the dawn is breaking.” Jacob said, “I will let you go **only if** you bless me.”
|
||||
|
||||
(2) Reverse the order of the clauses, so that the exception is stated first, and then the larger group is named second.
|
||||
|
||||
> God told Adam that he could eat from **any** tree in the garden **except** from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. (OBS Story 1 Frame 11)
|
||||
>> God told Adam that he could **not** eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, but he could eat from **any other** tree in the garden.
|
||||
> > God told Adam that he could **not** eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, but he could eat from **any other** tree in the garden.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ If your language uses Goal or Purpose relationships in the same way as in the te
|
|||
|
||||
> But when the vine growers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him **and take over his inheritance**.’ So they took him, threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. (Matt 21:38-39 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> But when the vine growers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him **so that we can take over his inheritance**.’ So they took him, threw him out of the vineyard and killed him **so that they could take over his inheritance**.
|
||||
> > But when the vine growers saw the son, they said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him **so that we can take over his inheritance**.’ So they took him, threw him out of the vineyard and killed him **so that they could take over his inheritance**.
|
||||
|
|
@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ If the sequence of events is clear in your language, then translate the sequence
|
|||
(1) If the connecting word is not clear, use a connecting word that communicates the sequence more clearly.
|
||||
|
||||
> Then Mary arose in those days **and** quickly went into the hill country, to a city of Judah, **and** she entered into the house of Zechariah **and** greeted Elizabeth. (Luke 1:39-40 ULT)
|
||||
>> Then Mary arose in those days. **Then** she quickly went into the hill country, to a city of Judah. **Then** she entered into the house of Zechariah, **and then** she greeted Elizabeth.
|
||||
> > Then Mary arose in those days. **Then** she quickly went into the hill country, to a city of Judah. **Then** she entered into the house of Zechariah, **and then** she greeted Elizabeth.
|
||||
|
||||
> For **before** the child knows to refuse the evil and choose the good, the land whose two kings you dread will be desolate (Isaiah 7:16 ULT)
|
||||
>> For the time will come when the child knows to refuse the evil and choose the good, **but even before that time**, the land whose two kings you dread will be desolate.
|
||||
> > For the time will come when the child knows to refuse the evil and choose the good, **but even before that time**, the land whose two kings you dread will be desolate.
|
||||
|
||||
(2) If the clauses are in an order that makes the sequence unclear, put the clauses in an order that is more clear.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -45,19 +45,19 @@ The strategies are all applied to Exodus 25:10 below.
|
|||
|
||||
(1) Use the measurements given in the ULT. These are the same kinds of measurements that the original writers used. Spell them in a way that is similar to the way they sound or are spelled in the ULT. (See [Copy or Borrow Words](../translate-transliterate/01.md).)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half kubits**; its width will be **one kubit and a half**; and its height will be **one kubit and a half**.”
|
||||
> > “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half kubits**; its width will be **one kubit and a half**; and its height will be **one kubit and a half**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(2) Use the metric measurements given in the UST. The translators of the UST have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter**; its width will be **two thirds of a meter**; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
|
||||
> > “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter**; its width will be **two thirds of a meter**; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(3) Use measurements that are already used in your language. In order to do this you would need to know how your measurements relate to the metric system and figure out each measurement. For example, if you measure things using the standard meter length, you could translate it as below.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter**; its width will be **two thirds of a meter**; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
|
||||
> > “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter**; its width will be **two thirds of a meter**; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(4) Use the measurements from the ULT and include measurements that your people know in the text or a note. The following shows both measurements in the text.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half cubits (one meter)**; its width will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**; and its height will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**.”
|
||||
> > “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half cubits (one meter)**; its width will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**; and its height will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(5) Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULT in the text or in a note. The following shows the ULT measurements in notes.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -69,5 +69,5 @@ The footnotes would look like:
|
|||
|
||||
The footnotes would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> two and a half cubits
|
||||
>> <sup> [2]</sup> one cubit and a half
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> two and a half cubits
|
||||
> > <sup> [2]</sup> one cubit and a half
|
||||
|
|
@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ The footnotes would look like:
|
|||
|
||||
> > “The one owed **500 denarii**,1 and the other, **50**.” (Luke 7:41 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> A denarius was the amount of silver that people could earn in one day of work.
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> A denarius was the amount of silver that people could earn in one day of work.
|
||||
|
|
@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below.
|
|||
|
||||
(1) Use the measurements from the ULT. These are the same kinds of measurements that the original writers used. Spell them in a way that is similar to the way they sound or are spelled in the ULT. (See [Copy or Borrow Words](../translate-transliterate/01.md).)
|
||||
|
||||
>> “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only one **bat**, and one **homer** of seed will yield only an **efa**.”
|
||||
> > “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only one **bat**, and one **homer** of seed will yield only an **efa**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(2) Use the measurements given in the UST. Usually they are metric measurements. The translators of the UST have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only **22 liters** and **220 liters** of seed will yield only **22 liters**.”
|
||||
> > “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only **22 liters** and **220 liters** of seed will yield only **22 liters**.”
|
||||
|
||||
>> “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only **22**, and **ten baskets** of seed will yield only **one basket**.”
|
||||
> > “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only **22**, and **ten baskets** of seed will yield only **one basket**.”
|
||||
|
||||
(3) Use measurements that are already used in your language. In order to do this you would need to know how your measurements relate to the metric system and figure out each measurement.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ The strategies are all applied to Isaiah 5:10 below.
|
|||
|
||||
(5) Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULT in the text or in a note. The following shows the ULT measurements in footnotes.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only 22 liters<sup>1</sup>, and 220 liters<sup>2</sup> of seed will yield only 22 liters<sup>3</sup>.”
|
||||
> > “For a ten-yoke vineyard will yield only 22 liters<sup>1</sup>, and 220 liters<sup>2</sup> of seed will yield only 22 liters<sup>3</sup>.”
|
||||
|
||||
The footnotes would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> one bath
|
||||
>> <sup> [2]</sup> one homer
|
||||
>> <sup> [3]</sup> one ephah
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> one bath
|
||||
> > <sup> [2]</sup> one homer
|
||||
> > <sup> [3]</sup> one ephah
|
||||
|
||||
## When the unit of measure is implied
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ The strategies are all applied to Haggai 2:16 below.
|
|||
|
||||
(1) Translate literally by using the number without a unit.
|
||||
|
||||
>> When you came to a heap of **20** of grain, there were only **ten**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **50** of wine, there were only **20**.
|
||||
> > When you came to a heap of **20** of grain, there were only **ten**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **50** of wine, there were only **20**.
|
||||
|
||||
(2) Use a generic word like “measure” or “quantity” or “amount.”
|
||||
|
||||
>> When you came to a heap of **20 amounts** of grain, there were only **ten**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **fifty amounts** of wine, there were only **20**.
|
||||
> > When you came to a heap of **20 amounts** of grain, there were only **ten**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **fifty amounts** of wine, there were only **20**.
|
||||
|
||||
(3) Use the name of an appropriate container, such as “basket” for grain or “jar” for wine.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -102,4 +102,4 @@ The strategies are all applied to Haggai 2:16 below.
|
|||
|
||||
(4) Use a unit of measure that you are already using in your translation.
|
||||
|
||||
>> When you came to a heap for **20 liters** of grain, there were only **ten liters**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **50 liters** of wine, there were only **20 liters**.
|
||||
> > When you came to a heap for **20 liters** of grain, there were only **ten liters**, and when you came to the wine vat to draw out **50 liters** of wine, there were only **20 liters**.
|
||||
|
|
@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ The strategies are all applied to Exodus 38:29 below.
|
|||
|
||||
The footnote would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> This was a total of about 2,400 kilograms.
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> This was a total of about 2,400 kilograms.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ From the New Life Version:
|
|||
|
||||
From the New Revised Standard Version
|
||||
> I will give thanks to the LORD with my whole heart;
|
||||
>> I will tell of all your wonderful deeds.
|
||||
> > I will tell of all your wonderful deeds.
|
||||
>
|
||||
> I will be glad and exult in you;
|
||||
>> I will sing praise to your name, O Most High.
|
||||
> > I will sing praise to your name, O Most High.
|
||||
|
||||
The first version puts the text into a form that is no different than the form it uses for telling stories. Each line of the Psalm is stated as a separate sentence.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -65,22 +65,22 @@ The examples below use these two verses.
|
|||
|
||||
(1) Tell the number of the Hebrew month.
|
||||
|
||||
>> At that time, you will appear before me in **the first month of the year**, which is fixed for this purpose. It was in this month that you came out from Egypt.
|
||||
> > At that time, you will appear before me in **the first month of the year**, which is fixed for this purpose. It was in this month that you came out from Egypt.
|
||||
|
||||
(2) Use the months that people know.
|
||||
|
||||
>> At that time, you will appear before me in **the month of March**, which is fixed for this purpose. It was in this month that you came out from Egypt.
|
||||
> > At that time, you will appear before me in **the month of March**, which is fixed for this purpose. It was in this month that you came out from Egypt.
|
||||
|
||||
>> It will always be a statute for you that **on the day I choose in late September** you must humble yourselves and do no work.”
|
||||
> > It will always be a statute for you that **on the day I choose in late September** you must humble yourselves and do no work.”
|
||||
|
||||
(3) State clearly what season the month occurs in.
|
||||
|
||||
>> It will always be a statute for you that **in the autumn, on the tenth day of the seventh month,** you must humble yourselves and do no work.
|
||||
> > It will always be a statute for you that **in the autumn, on the tenth day of the seventh month,** you must humble yourselves and do no work.
|
||||
|
||||
(4) Refer to the time in terms of the season rather than in terms of the month.
|
||||
|
||||
>> It will always be a statute for you that in **the day I choose in early autumn**<sup>1</sup> you must humble yourselves and do no work.
|
||||
> > It will always be a statute for you that in **the day I choose in early autumn**<sup>1</sup> you must humble yourselves and do no work.
|
||||
|
||||
The footnote would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> The Hebrew says, “the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month.”
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> The Hebrew says, “the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -115,4 +115,4 @@ Then after the story has explained the name change, you could translate this way
|
|||
The footnote would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> This is the same man who was called Saul before Acts 13.
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> This is the same man who was called Saul before Acts 13.
|
||||
|
|
@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ We will use the following verse in our examples:
|
|||
|
||||
(1) Write numbers using numerals.
|
||||
|
||||
>> I have prepared for Yahweh’s house **100,000** talents of gold, **1,000,000** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
|
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> > I have prepared for Yahweh’s house **100,000** talents of gold, **1,000,000** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
|
||||
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||||
(2) Write numbers using your language’s words or the Gateway Language words for those numbers.
|
||||
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||||
>> I have prepared for Yahweh’s house **one hundred thousand** talents of gold, **one million** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
|
||||
> > I have prepared for Yahweh’s house **one hundred thousand** talents of gold, **one million** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
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||||
(3) Write numbers using words, and put the numerals in parenthesis after them.
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||||
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||||
>> I have prepared for Yahweh’s house one **hundred thousand (100,000)** talents of gold, **one million (1,000,000)** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
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> > I have prepared for Yahweh’s house one **hundred thousand (100,000)** talents of gold, **one million (1,000,000)** talents of silver, and bronze and iron in large quantities.
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(4) Combine words for large numbers.
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@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ If your language has ordinal numbers and using them would give the right meaning
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> > There were **24** lots. **One lot** went to Jehoiarib, **the next** to Jedaiah, **the next** to Harim … **the next** to Delaiah, **and the last** went to Maaziah.
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||||
> A river went out of Eden to water the garden. From there it divided and became **four** rivers. The name of **the first** is Pishon. It is the one which flows throughout the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. The gold of that land is good. There is also bdellium and the onyx stone there. The name of **the second** river is Gihon. This one flows throughout the whole land of Cush. The name of **the third** river is Tigris, which flows east of Asshur. **The fourth** river is the Euphrates. (Genesis 2:10-14 ULT)
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>> A river went out of Eden to water the garden. From there it divided and became **four** rivers. The name of **one** is Pishon. It is the one which flows throughout the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. The gold of that land is good. There is also bdellium and the onyx stone there. The name of **the next** river is Gihon. This one flows throughout the whole land of Cush. The name of **the next** river is Tigris, which flows east of Asshur. The **last** river is the Euphrates.
|
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> > A river went out of Eden to water the garden. From there it divided and became **four** rivers. The name of **one** is Pishon. It is the one which flows throughout the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. The gold of that land is good. There is also bdellium and the onyx stone there. The name of **the next** river is Gihon. This one flows throughout the whole land of Cush. The name of **the next** river is Tigris, which flows east of Asshur. The **last** river is the Euphrates.
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(2) Tell the total number of items and then list them or the things associated with them.
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|
@ -38,18 +38,18 @@ There are several ways to borrow a word.
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|||
(1) If your language uses a different script from the language you are translating from, you can simply substitute each letter shape with the corresponding letter shape of the script of your language.
|
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||||
> צְפַנְיָ֤ה – A man’s name in Hebrew letters.
|
||||
>> “Zephaniah” – The same name in Roman letters
|
||||
> > “Zephaniah” – The same name in Roman letters
|
||||
|
||||
(2) You can spell the word as the Other Language spells it, and pronounce it the way your language normally pronounces those letters.
|
||||
|
||||
> Zephaniah – This is a man’s name.
|
||||
>> “Zephaniah” – The name as it is spelled in English, but you can pronounce it according to the rules of your language.
|
||||
> > “Zephaniah” – The name as it is spelled in English, but you can pronounce it according to the rules of your language.
|
||||
|
||||
(3) You can pronounce the word similarly to the way the Other Language does, and adjust the spelling to fit the rules of your language.
|
||||
|
||||
> Zephaniah – If your language does not have the “z,” you could use “s.” If your writing system does not use “ph” you could use “f.” Depending on how you pronounce the “i” you could spell it with “i” or “ai” or “ay.”
|
||||
>> “Sefania”
|
||||
> > “Sefania”
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Sefanaia”
|
||||
> > “Sefanaia”
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Sefanaya”
|
||||
> > “Sefanaya”
|
||||
|
|
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Here are ways you might translate a term that is not known in your language:
|
|||
(1) Use a phrase that describes what the unknown item is, or what is important about the unknown item for the verse being translated.
|
||||
|
||||
> Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but are inwardly they are **ravenous wolves**. (Matthew 7:15 ULT)
|
||||
>> Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but **inwardly they are very hungry and dangerous animals**.
|
||||
> > Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but **inwardly they are very hungry and dangerous animals**.
|
||||
|
||||
“Ravenous wolves” is part of a metaphor here, so the reader needs to know that they are very dangerous to sheep in order to understand this metaphor. (If sheep are also unknown, then you will need to also use one of the translation strategies to translate sheep, or change the metaphor to something else, using a translation strategy for metaphors. See [Translating Metaphors](../figs-metaphor/01.md).)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Here are ways you might translate a term that is not known in your language:
|
|||
(3) Copy the word from another language, and add a general word or descriptive phrase to help people understand it.
|
||||
|
||||
> Then they tried to give Jesus wine that was mixed with **myrrh**. But he refused to drink it. (Mark 15:23 ULT) – People may understand better what myrrh is if it is used with the general word “medicine.”
|
||||
>> Then they tried to give Jesus wine that was mixed with **a medicine called myrrh**. But he refused to drink it.
|
||||
> > Then they tried to give Jesus wine that was mixed with **a medicine called myrrh**. But he refused to drink it.
|
||||
|
||||
> “We have nothing here except five **loaves of bread** and two fish.” (Matthew 14:17 ULT) – People may understand better what bread is if it is used with a phrase that tells what it is made of (seeds) and how it is prepared (crushed and baked).
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ In the ULT text, verses 29 and 30 are separate, and the information about the pe
|
|||
|
||||
Where the UST has a verse bridge, the ULT will have separate verses.
|
||||
|
||||
><sup>4-5</sup> Yahweh our God will bless you in the land that he is giving to you. If you obey Yahweh our God and obey all the commandments that I am giving to you today, there will not be any poor people among you. (Deuteronomy 15:4-5 UST)
|
||||
> <sup>4-5</sup> Yahweh our God will bless you in the land that he is giving to you. If you obey Yahweh our God and obey all the commandments that I am giving to you today, there will not be any poor people among you. (Deuteronomy 15:4-5 UST)
|
||||
|
||||
> <sup> 4</sup> However, there should be no poor among you (for Yahweh will surely bless you in the land that he gives you as an inheritance to possess), <sup> 5</sup> if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your God, to keep all these commandments that I am commanding you today. (Deuteronomy 15:4-5 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ The bolded phrases happened before John rebuked Herod. In English, the helping v
|
|||
|
||||
The translation below reorders John’s rebuke and Herod’s actions.
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Now Herod the tetrarch married his brother’s wife, Herodias, and he did many other evil things, so John rebuked him. But then Herod did another very evil thing. He had John locked up in prison.”
|
||||
> > “Now Herod the tetrarch married his brother’s wife, Herodias, and he did many other evil things, so John rebuked him. But then Herod did another very evil thing. He had John locked up in prison.”
|
||||
|
|
@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ If translating a proverb literally would be natural and give the right meaning i
|
|||
|
||||
Here are some ideas for ways that people might say a proverb in their language.
|
||||
|
||||
>> It is better to have a good name than to have great riches, and to be favored by people than to have silver and gold.
|
||||
> > It is better to have a good name than to have great riches, and to be favored by people than to have silver and gold.
|
||||
>
|
||||
>> Wise people choose a good name over great riches, and favor over silver and gold.
|
||||
> > Wise people choose a good name over great riches, and favor over silver and gold.
|
||||
>
|
||||
>> Try to have a good reputation rather than great riches.
|
||||
> > Try to have a good reputation rather than great riches.
|
||||
>
|
||||
>> Will riches really help you? I would rather have a good reputation.
|
||||
> > Will riches really help you? I would rather have a good reputation.
|
||||
|
||||
(2) If certain objects in the proverb are not known to many people in your language group, consider replacing them with objects that people know and that function in the same way in your language.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Here are some ideas for ways that people might say a proverb in their language.
|
|||
>
|
||||
> so a fool does not deserve honor. (Proverbs 26:1 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> It is not natural for **a cold wind to blow in the hot season** or for it to rain in the harvest season; And it is not natural to honor a foolish person.
|
||||
> > It is not natural for **a cold wind to blow in the hot season** or for it to rain in the harvest season; And it is not natural to honor a foolish person.
|
||||
|
||||
(3) Substitute a proverb in your language that has the same teaching as the proverb in the Bible.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ Here are some ideas for ways that people might say a proverb in their language.
|
|||
>
|
||||
> and yet they are not washed of their filth. (Proverbs 30:11-12 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> People who do not respect their parents think that they are righteous, and they do not turn away from their sin.
|
||||
> > People who do not respect their parents think that they are righteous, and they do not turn away from their sin.
|
||||
|
|
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ When writing that someone said something, some languages put the quote (what was
|
|||
>
|
||||
> > “Therefore, those who can should go there with us," **he said**. If there is something wrong with the man, you should accuse him.”
|
||||
|
||||
>> “Therefore, those who can should go there with us. If there is something wrong with the man, you should accuse him,” **he said**.
|
||||
> > “Therefore, those who can should go there with us. If there is something wrong with the man, you should accuse him,” **he said**.
|
||||
|
||||
> > “Therefore, those who can," **he said**, should go there with us. If there is something wrong with the man, you should accuse him.”
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ This passage explains the meaning of the seven lampstands and the seven stars. T
|
|||
|
||||
> After this I saw in my visions of the night **a fourth animal**, terrifying, frightening, and very strong. It had **large iron teeth**; it devoured, broke in pieces, and trampled underfoot what was left. It was different from the other animals, and it had **ten horns**. (Daniel 7:7 ULT)
|
||||
|
||||
>> After this I saw in my dream at night a fourth animal,<sup> 1</sup> terrifying, frightening, and very strong. It had large iron teeth;<sup> 2</sup> it devoured, broke in pieces, and trampled underfoot what was left. It was different from the other animals, and it had ten horns.<sup> 3</sup>
|
||||
> > After this I saw in my dream at night a fourth animal,<sup> 1</sup> terrifying, frightening, and very strong. It had large iron teeth;<sup> 2</sup> it devoured, broke in pieces, and trampled underfoot what was left. It was different from the other animals, and it had ten horns.<sup> 3</sup>
|
||||
|
||||
> The footnotes would look like:
|
||||
|
||||
>> <sup> [1]</sup> The animal is a symbol for a kingdom.
|
||||
>> <sup> [2]</sup> The iron teeth is a symbol for the kingdom’s powerful army.
|
||||
>> <sup> [3]</sup> The horns are a symbol of powerful kings.
|
||||
> > <sup> [1]</sup> The animal is a symbol for a kingdom.
|
||||
> > <sup> [2]</sup> The iron teeth is a symbol for the kingdom’s powerful army.
|
||||
> > <sup> [3]</sup> The horns are a symbol of powerful kings.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue