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Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
EZR front intro fa5r 0 # Introduction to Ezra<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Ezra<br><br>1. The first Jewish exiles return to Jerusalem from Persia (1:1–2:70)<br>1. The people rebuild and dedicate the temple in Jerusalem (3:1–6:22)<br>1. More exiles return; Ezra teaches the Law of Yahweh (7:1-8:36)<br>1. The problem of the people marrying foreigners, and how it is solved (9:1–10:44)<br><br>### What is the Book of Ezra about?<br><br>The Book of Ezra is about how the people of Israel returned from Babylon and tried to worship Yahweh again as the law required. To do this they needed to rebuild their temple so they could sacrifice to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The Book of Ezra is named for the priest Ezra who led the first group of Jews out of exile and back to Judah. Translators can use the traditional title “Ezra.” Or they might choose a clearer title, such as “The Book about Ezra.”<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### Why were Israelites not allowed to marry people from other nations?<br><br>Foreigners worshiped many false gods. Yahweh did not allow his people to marry foreigners. He knew this would cause the people of Israel to worship false gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br><br>### Did all of the people of Israel return to their homeland?<br><br>Many of the Jews remained in Babylon instead of returning to the Promised Land. Many of them were successful in Babylon and desired to remain there. However, this meant that they were unable to worship Yahweh in Jerusalem as their ancestors had done. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How does the Book of Ezra use the term “Israel”?<br><br>The Book of Ezra uses the term “Israel” to refer to the kingdom of Judah. It was mostly made up of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. The other ten tribes had ended their loyalty to any kings descended from David. God allowed the Assyrians to conquer the other ten tribes and take them into exile. As a result, they mixed with other people groups and did not return to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])<br><br>### Are the events in the Book of Ezra told in the order that they actually happened?<br><br>Some of the events in the Book of Ezra are not told in the order they actually happened. Translators should pay attention to notes that signal when events are probably out of order.<br>
EZR 1 intro dd25 0 # Ezra 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The chapter records the story of the first Jews as they return from Persia to Judea.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### King Cyrus<br>King Cyrus allowed them to return because he wanted them to rebuild the temple. Those who stayed behind gave gifts to those who left to help them on their journey and resettlement. This practice was common under the reign of Cyrus and was used as a way to maintain peace throughout his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Jews<br>Upon return to Judea, the focus of the rest of the Old Testament is on the Jewish people.<br>
EZR 1 1 p6b4 translate-ordinal וּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁנַ֣ת אַחַ֗ת 1 In the first year This refers to the beginning of the reign of King Cyrus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 1 1 y7r9 figs-metonymy מִ⁠פִּ֣י יִרְמְיָ֑ה 1 by the mouth of Jeremiah Here “mouth” represents speaking. Alternate translation: “Yahweh did what Jeremiah prophesied that Yahweh would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 1 1 l953 יְהוָ֖ה 1 Yahweh This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
EZR 1 1 fn3a figs-synecdoche יְהוָ֗ה אֶת־ר֨וּחַ֙ כֹּ֣רֶשׁ 1 Yahweh stirred the spirit of Cyrus Here Cyrus is represented by his spirit. This speaks of Yahweh causing Cyrus to want to act as if he “stirred” his spirit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh…made Cyrus want to act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 1 1 yiq4 figs-metonymy וַ⁠יַּֽעֲבֶר־קוֹל֙ בְּ⁠כָל־מַלְכוּת֔⁠וֹ 1 his voice went out throughout all his kingdom The voice is a metonym for the message the voice speaks, and the kingdom is a metonym for the people whom a king rules. Alternate translation: “Cyrus sent a message to everyone over whom he ruled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 1 1 x1wz figs-activepassive בְּ⁠מִכְתָּ֖ב לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 what was written was spoken This can be translated in active form. It might be best to translate so the reader understands that other people might have helped Cyrus get the message to the people over whom he ruled. Alternate translation: “what Cyrus wrote and what his messengers read so people could hear them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 1 2 aqj5 figs-hyperbole מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 all the kingdoms of the earth Here “all” is an exaggeration, as there were kingdoms over which Cyrus did not rule. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZR 1 2 gmx4 figs-explicit ל֣⁠וֹ בַ֔יִת…בִּֽ⁠יהוּדָֽה 1 for him a house…in Judah You may need to make explicit that the house was for people to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “a house in…Judea where people can worship him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 1 3 xf34 עַמּ֗⁠וֹ 1 his people the people who belong to Yahweh.
EZR 1 4 t7ux וְ⁠כָל־הַ⁠נִּשְׁאָ֗ר מִֽ⁠כָּל־הַ⁠מְּקֹמוֹת֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר ה֣וּא גָֽר־שָׁם֒ יְנַשְּׂא֨וּ⁠הוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י מְקֹמ֔⁠וֹ 1 Whoever survives in any place where he lives, let the people in that place help him Those Israelites who choose to stay where they are should help those who choose to go to Jerusalem physically and financially.
EZR 1 5 s2yg figs-metonymy לְ⁠כֹ֨ל הֵעִ֤יר הָ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־רוּח֔⁠וֹ לַ⁠עֲל֣וֹת 1 with everyone whose spirit God had stirred up to go up Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. See how you translated these words in [Ezra 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “everyone whom God had made want to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 1 6 wwg6 חִזְּק֣וּ בִֽ⁠ידֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 strengthened their hands This refers to the work of the people roused by God in the previous verse.
EZR 1 8 m5w3 translate-names מִתְרְדָ֣ת…לְ⁠שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּ֔ר 1 Mithredath…Sheshbazzar These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 1 8 wc54 figs-metaphor וַ⁠יּֽוֹצִיאֵ֗⁠ם…עַל־יַ֖ד מִתְרְדָ֣ת הַ⁠גִּזְבָּ֑ר 1 brought them out by the hand of Mithredath the treasurer Putting an object into someone’s hand is a metaphor for allowing that person to do what he wants with that object. Here the reader should understand that Cyrus expected Mithredath to do what Cyrus wanted him to do. Alternate translation: “put Mithredath the treasurer in charge of them” or “made Mithredath the treasurer responsible for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 1 8 w8rk הַ⁠גִּזְבָּ֑ר 1 treasurer official in charge of money
EZR 1 9 hu9c 1 General Information: This is a list of numbered items.
EZR 1 9 d3ui translate-numbers שְׁלֹשִׁ֗ים…אָ֔לֶף…תִּשְׁעָ֥ה וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִֽים 1 thirty…one thousand…twenty-nine “30…1,000…29” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 1 9 y5g1 אֲגַרְטְלֵי 1 basins objects used to hold water for washing
EZR 1 10 yk1k translate-numbers אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֑ה 1 410 “30…1,000…29…four hundred and ten” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 1 10 ja6u כְּפ֤וֹרֵי 1 bowls objects used to hold water for washing
EZR 1 11 z55f translate-numbers חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֣ע מֵא֑וֹת 1 5400 “five thousand four hundred…in all.” This is the total number of items returned to Jerusalem from Babylon, which are listed above individually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 intro rr42 0 # Ezra 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Genealogy<br>People had to prove they were priests, or that they were Jews, through their genealogies. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]])<br>
EZR 2 1 ezk9 0 General Information: This begins a list of the names of people who returned from the exile.
EZR 2 1 byc2 figs-idiom הָֽ⁠עֹלִים֙ 1 went up This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “returned” or “came back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 2 2 tmp8 translate-names שְׂרָיָ֨ה רְֽעֵלָיָ֜ה מָרְדֳּכַ֥י בִּלְשָׁ֛ן מִסְפָּ֥ר בִּגְוַ֖י רְח֣וּם בַּעֲנָ֑ה 1 Seraiah, Reelaiah, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispar, Bigvai, Rehum, and Baanah These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 2 z77p מִסְפַּ֕ר 1 This is the number This refers to the list of men in 2:3-35.
EZR 2 3 i2m7 translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 3 zew1 translate-names פַרְעֹ֔שׁ 1 Parosh a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 4 zhh6 translate-names שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה 1 Shephatiah a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 5 inj3 translate-names אָרַ֔ח 1 Arah a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 6 fw6a translate-names פַחַ֥ת מוֹאָ֛ב…יֵשׁ֖וּעַ 1 Pahath-Moab…Jeshua a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 7 a6df translate-numbers 1 General Information: This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 8 d53m translate-names זַתּ֔וּא 1 Zattu a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 9 da7k translate-names זַכָּ֔י 1 Zakkai a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 10 jcd8 translate-names בָנִ֔י 1 Bani a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 11 ak1t translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 11 h16w translate-names בֵבָ֔י 1 Bebai a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 12 rxn6 translate-names עַזְגָּ֔ד 1 Azgad These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 13 uzn6 translate-names אֲדֹ֣נִיקָ֔ם 1 Adonikam a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 14 qkv6 בִגְוָ֔י 1 Bigvai This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md).
EZR 2 15 u5zk translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues the list of the names of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 15 it7t translate-names עָדִ֔ין 1 Adin a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 16 vui3 translate-names אָטֵ֥ר 1 Ater a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 16 kk2c translate-numbers תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָֽה 1 ninety-eight “98” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 17 t3k5 translate-names בֵצָ֔י 1 Bezai a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 19 i6kg translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group. Notice that staring in 2:21 these now are the names of places from where they originally came. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 19 j9nm translate-names חָשֻׁ֔ם 1 Hashum a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 20 r5bq translate-names גִבָּ֖ר 1 Gibbar These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 20 g26q translate-numbers תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וַ⁠חֲמִשָּֽׁה 1 ninety-five “95” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 21 iu4s figs-explicit בְּנֵ֣י בֵֽית־לָ֔חֶם 1 The sons of Bethlehem This begins to list the number of people whose ancestors had lived in towns in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 2 22 syz2 translate-numbers חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וְ⁠שִׁשָּֽׁה 1 fifty-six “56” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 22 v2ky translate-names נְטֹפָ֖ה 1 Netophah This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 23 l5x8 translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues the list people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 23 l29x translate-names עֲנָת֔וֹת 1 Anathoth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 24 d37s translate-names עַזְמָ֖וֶת 1 Azmaveth This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 24 qlw7 translate-numbers אַרְבָּעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִם 1 forty-two “42” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 25 y9xa translate-names קִרְיַ֤ת עָרִים֙ כְּפִירָ֣ה וּ⁠בְאֵר֔וֹת 1 Kiriath Arim…Kephirah…Beeroth These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 26 k69y translate-names וָ⁠גָ֔בַע 1 Geba This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 27 fs65 translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 27 m82a translate-names מִכְמָ֔ס 1 Michmas This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 29 j5sn translate-names נְב֖וֹ 1 Nebo This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 29 n7ir translate-numbers חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִ 1 fifty-two “52” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 30 kvd9 translate-names מַגְבִּ֔ישׁ 1 Magbish This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 31 bv43 translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 32 ubs3 translate-names חָרִ֔ם 1 Harim This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 33 e3tw translate-names לֹד֙ חָדִ֣יד וְ⁠אוֹנ֔וֹ 1 Lod…Hadid…Ono These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 34 pt5k translate-numbers 0 General Information: This continues with the list of people who returned from the exile along with the number in each group whose ancestors came from the places listed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 35 ce4j translate-names סְנָאָ֔ה 1 Senaah This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 36 c52r translate-numbers 0 General Information: This section lists the names of priests whose descendants returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 36 xd3k translate-names יְדַֽעְיָה֙ 1 Jedaiah This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 36 m352 יֵשׁ֔וּעַ 1 Jeshua This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md).
EZR 2 39 g31h חָרִ֔ם 1 Harim The “Harim” in [Ezra 2:32](../02/32.md) is the name of a place, but here “Harim” is the name of a man.
EZR 2 40 tm51 translate-names 0 General Information: This section lists the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile along with the number in each group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 40 vug8 translate-names וְ⁠קַדְמִיאֵ֛ל…הוֹדַוְיָ֖ה 1 Kadmiel…Hodaviah These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 40 yu1j translate-numbers שִׁבְעִ֥ים וְ⁠אַרְבָּעָֽה 1 seventy-four “74” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 42 imn8 translate-names שַׁלּ֤וּם…אָטֵר֙…טַלְמ֣וֹן…עַקּ֔וּב…חֲטִיטָ֖א…שֹׁבָ֑י 1 Shallum…Talmon…Akkub…Hatita…Shobai These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 42 i72w הַ⁠שֹּֽׁעֲרִ֗ים 1 gatekeepers those in charge of who goes through the gates of the temple
EZR 2 42 lyb8 אָטֵר֙ 1 Ater This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:16](../02/16.md).
EZR 2 43 fhw8 0 General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile.
EZR 2 43 tx4y translate-names צִיחָ֥א…חֲשׂוּפָ֖א…טַבָּעֽוֹת 1 Ziha…Hasupha…Tabbaoth These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 44 vl6i translate-names קֵרֹ֥ס…סִֽיעֲהָ֖א…פָדֽוֹן 1 Keros…Siaha…Padon These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 45 b5nu translate-names לְבָנָ֥ה…חֲגָבָ֖ה 1 Lebanah…Hagabah These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 45 chi4 עַקּֽוּב 1 Akkub See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md).
EZR 2 46 qx4z translate-names חָגָ֥ב…שַׁלְמַ֖י…חָנָֽן 1 Hagab…Shalmai…Hanan These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 47 qg3y translate-names 0 General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 51 fd31 translate-names 0 General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 55 kd7e translate-names 0 General Information: This section continues listing the names of Levites whose descendants returned from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 58 y86d translate-numbers שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִם 1 392 “three hundred and ninety-two total descendants.” This is the number of all the people in this group who came back from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 59 fa24 translate-numbers 0 General Information: This is a list of people who had returned to Israel from various Babylonian cities but could not prove their heritage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 60 k7wr translate-numbers שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁנָֽיִם 1 652 “six hundred and fifty-two descendants.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 60 xr2g translate-names דְלָיָ֥ה…טוֹבִיָּ֖ה…נְקוֹדָ֑א 1 Delaiah…Tobiah…Nekoda These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 61 vg3t translate-names חֳבַיָּ֖ה…הַקּ֑וֹץ…בַרְזִלַּ֗י 1 Habaiah…Hakkoz…Barzillai These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 2 62 yiq1 כְתָבָ֛⁠ם הַ⁠מִּתְיַחְשִׂ֖ים 1 the records of their ancestry the records that told who their ancestors were
EZR 2 62 jis4 וְ⁠לֹ֣א נִמְצָ֑אוּ 1 but they were not found “could not find their names in the records of the priests”
EZR 2 62 qt2w figs-activepassive וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ מִן־הַ⁠כְּהֻנָּֽה 1 they were excluded from the priesthood as defiled This can be translated in active form. The abstract noun “priesthood” can be translated as the verb “work as priests.” Alternate translation: “the other priests treated them as if they were unclean and did not allow them to work as priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 2 62 x8ns וַֽ⁠יְגֹאֲל֖וּ 1 so they were excluded…as defiled not fit to be priests
EZR 2 63 n2du לְ⁠אוּרִ֥ים וּ⁠לְ⁠תֻמִּֽים 1 Urim and Thummim two items like dice that the priests used to decide what God wanted them to do
EZR 2 64 a73j כָּל־הַ⁠קָּהָ֖ל 1 whole group This means the whole group that returned back to the land of Judah from the exile.
EZR 2 64 i9g9 translate-numbers אַרְבַּ֣ע רִבּ֔וֹא אַלְפַּ֖יִם שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת שִׁשִּֽׁים 1 42360 “forty-two thousand three hundred and sixty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 65 w7yu וְ⁠אַמְהֹֽתֵי⁠הֶם֙ 1 their maidservants “their female servants”
EZR 2 65 i75w translate-numbers אֵ֔לֶּה שִׁבְעַ֣ת אֲלָפִ֔ים שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וְ⁠שִׁבְעָ֑ה 1 these were 7,337 “these were seven thousand three hundred and thirty-seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 65 g5wm translate-numbers מָאתָֽיִם 1 two hundred “200” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 66 t7kb translate-numbers 0 General Information: This is a list of the animals along with the numbers of each kind that returned with the people from the exile. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 69 v744 translate-numbers שֵׁשׁ־רִבֹּ֣אות וָ⁠אֶ֔לֶףס…חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֑ים…כֹּהֲנִ֖ים מֵאָֽה 1 sixty-one thousand…five thousand…one hundred “61,000…5,000…100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 2 69 qh93 translate-bmoney זָהָ֗ב דַּרְכְּמוֹנִים֙ 1 gold darics A “daric” was a small gold coin used by the Persian Empire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
EZR 2 69 ln9c translate-bweight מָנִ֖ים 1 minas A mina is a unit of weight. One mina equals 550 grams. Minas are normally linked with measuring silver. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZR 2 69 h3zd וְ⁠כָתְנֹ֥ת 1 tunics garments worn next to the skin
EZR 2 70 w7fw בְּ⁠עָרֵי⁠הֶ֑ם וְ⁠כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּ⁠עָרֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 and all Israel lived in their cities Everyone went back to their home towns in Judea. Not everyone resettled in Jerusalem.
EZR 3 intro rp9a 0 # Ezra 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of worship in the new temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Rebuilding the temple<br>They immediately began the temple worship, even though the temple had not yet been built because they feared the people of the surrounding nations.<br>
EZR 3 1 a2ka translate-hebrewmonths הַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֔י 1 the seventh month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is at the end of the dry season and the beginning of the early rain season. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 1 hwv6 figs-simile כְּ⁠אִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד 1 as one man One man is in only one place and has only one purpose. Alternate translation: “for one purpose” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EZR 3 2 ua8i יֵשׁ֨וּעַ 1 Jeshua This is the name of a man. Translate the same as in [Ezra 2:36](../02/36.md).
EZR 3 2 gq2e translate-names שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל֙ 1 Shealtiel This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 2 yy1u figs-metaphor וַ⁠יָּקָם֩…וַ⁠יִּבְנ֕וּ 1 rose up and built Standing up is a metaphor for beginning to act. Alternate translation: “began to act and built” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 3 2 eg3w figs-activepassive כַּ⁠כָּת֕וּב בְּ⁠תוֹרַ֖ת מֹשֶׁ֥ה 1 as it is written in the law of Moses This can be translated in active form. You may need to make explicit whom and what Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh had commanded them to do in the law of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 3 t8y7 וַ⁠יָּכִ֤ינוּ הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ עַל־מְכ֣וֹנֹתָ֔י⁠ו 1 they set the altar on its foundation “mounted the altar on its stand” or “placed the altar on its stand so it would stay there”
EZR 3 3 bk73 figs-idiom בְּ⁠אֵימָ֣ה עֲלֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 dread was on them This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “they were very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
EZR 3 3 c33h figs-explicit מֵ⁠עַמֵּ֖י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֑וֹת 1 because of the people of the land You may need to make explicit what it was about the people of the land that made the Jews afraid. Alternate translation: “because they thought the people of the land wanted to attack them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 3 a9a2 וַיַּעֲל֨וּ עָלָ֤י⁠ו עֹלוֹת֙ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה עֹל֖וֹת לַ⁠בֹּ֥קֶר וְ⁠לָ⁠עָֽרֶב 1 They offered on it burnt offerings to Yahweh, both the morning and evening burnt offerings One of the first things the people did was to begin offering sacrifices. This was before the temple was rebuilt.
EZR 3 4 iej2 figs-explicit אֶת־חַ֥ג הַ⁠סֻּכּ֖וֹת 1 the Festival of Shelters This is a festival that was celebrated for eight days during the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It was associated with the time of the exodus when the Israelites lived in tents. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 6 x3mt translate-hebrewmonths מִ⁠יּ֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ 1 from the first day of the seventh month This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of September on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 6 cip8 figs-activepassive וְ⁠הֵיכַ֥ל יְהוָ֖ה לֹ֥א יֻסָּֽד 1 although the foundation of the temple of Yahweh had not been laid The Jews began the ceremonies of worship even before they started building the temple. Alternate translation: “they had not yet laid the foundation for the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 3 7 ze22 כְּ⁠רִשְׁי֛וֹן כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־פָּרַ֖ס עֲלֵי⁠הֶֽם 1 according to the permission they had from King Cyrus of Persia The letters sent by Cyrus gave the Jews permission to buy materials and build the temple.
EZR 3 8 eh5s translate-hebrewmonths בַּ⁠חֹ֖דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֑י 1 in the second month This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. This is during the warm season when people are harvesting crops. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 8 ckj4 translate-ordinal וּ⁠בַ⁠שָּׁנָ֣ה הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית 1 in the second year This is during the year after the one in which they returned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 3 8 y8bn figs-explicit אֶל־בֵּ֤ית הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִים֙ 1 to the house of God You may need to make explicit that there was no house of God standing when they arrived. Alternate translation: “to where the house of God had stood” or “to where they were going to build the house of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 3 8 fa38 translate-names וְ⁠יֵשׁ֨וּעַ…יֽוֹצָדָ֜ק 1 Jeshua…Jozadak These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 8 hf5n translate-numbers מִ⁠בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ 1 from twenty years old “20 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 3 9 s6i8 translate-names יֵשׁ֡וּעַ…חֵֽנָדָ֔ד 1 Jeshua…Henadad These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 3 9 r3rx קַדְמִיאֵ֨ל 1 Kadmiel This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:40](../02/40.md).
EZR 3 10 w1j9 וְ⁠יִסְּד֥וּ 1 laid the foundation “foundation” in this sense was more than just the stone blocks to support the temple walls. It included the entire temple floor set in stone. This enabled all the temple worshipers to wear their special garments and keep them clean.
EZR 3 10 kh7e מְלֻבָּשִׁ֜ים 1 in their garments “their special robes”
EZR 3 10 v35v translate-unknown בַּֽ⁠מְצִלְתַּ֔יִם 1 with cymbals two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
EZR 3 10 t64z figs-metonymy יְדֵ֖י דָּוִ֥יד 1 the hands of David The hand of a king is a metonym for the power to give commands. Alternate translation: “as David…had commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 3 11 hgd5 וּ⁠בְ⁠הוֹדֹ֤ת 1 giving thanks A feeling and expression of appreciation and gratitude for the kindness of another.
EZR 3 11 ut4a figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־לְ⁠עוֹלָ֥ם חַסְדּ֖⁠וֹ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 His covenant faithfulness to Israel is forever The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “He faithfully loves Israel forever” or “He is always faithful to his covenant with Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 3 12 xj13 figs-metonymy אֶת־הַ⁠בַּ֤יִת הָֽ⁠רִאשׁוֹן֙ 1 first house This refers to the first temple that Solomon built, the house of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 3 12 rmy5 figs-synecdoche בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם 1 before their eyes The people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “in their sight” or “and they saw it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZR 3 12 d9tw בֹּכִ֖ים בְּ⁠ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל 1 wept with a loud voice This refers to emotional expression of sorrow involving tears and vocal sounds.
EZR 4 intro x878 0 # Ezra 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Helping to build the temple<br>The people of the surrounding nations offered to help to build the temple. It is unknown why the Jews refused their help. These other people became their enemies and tried to hinder the work. They even persuaded the king of Persia to stop the Jews from building.<br>
EZR 4 1 v368 0 General Information: The non-Jewish people offer to help build the temple.
EZR 4 1 uie3 figs-activepassive בְנֵ֤י הַ⁠גּוֹלָה֙ 1 the sons of the exiles This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Babylonians had taken into exile” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 2 spx4 translate-names זְרֻבָּבֶ֜ל 1 Zerubbabel This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 2 yx1s translate-names אֵסַ֤ר חַדֹּן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר 1 Esarhaddon, king of Assyria He ruled in Assyria before Cyrus ruled in Persia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 3 xp3f וְ⁠יֵשׁ֗וּעַ 1 Jeshua This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md).
EZR 4 3 isv8 לֹֽא־לָ֣⁠כֶם וָ⁠לָ֔⁠נוּ לִ⁠בְנ֥וֹת בַּ֖יִת לֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֑י⁠נוּ 1 You may not build a house for our God with us Possible meanings are 1) the Jewish leader felt that Cyrus had authorized only them to build the temple or 2) building the temple was the exclusive work of the Jews and no non-Jew would be permitted to contribute to the work.
EZR 4 4 d9da עַם־הָ⁠אָ֔רֶץ 1 the people of the land “the people who were living in the land at that time,” which could include non-Jews and Jews whose families the Babylonians had not taken into exile
EZR 4 4 n1m9 figs-metaphor וַ⁠יְהִי֙…מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 made the hands of the people of Judah weak This speaks of the people of the land discouraging the Judeans as if they made their hands physically weak. Alternate translation: “discouraged the Judeans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 4 4 aq32 עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה 1 the people of Judah people who returned from Babylon and settled in the land of Judah
EZR 4 5 kd9a לְ⁠הָפֵ֣ר עֲצָתָ֑⁠ם 1 to frustrate their plans “to make it so the Judeans could not build the temple as they had planned”
EZR 4 6 iaw6 figs-abstractnouns כָּתְב֣וּ שִׂטְנָ֔ה עַל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה וִ⁠ירוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 wrote an accusation against the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem The abstract nouns “accusation” can be translated as a verb “accuse.” You may need to make explicit what the enemies accused the Judeans of doing. Alternate translation: “wrote a letter in which they accused those who lived in Judah and Jerusalem of disobeying the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 4 7 x91s translate-names בִּשְׁלָ֜ם מִתְרְדָ֤ת טָֽבְאֵל֙ 1 Bishlam…Mithredath…Tabeel names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 7 jl52 הַֽ⁠נִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן 1 the letter This is the letter spoken of in [Ezra 4:6](../04/06.md).
EZR 4 7 isg5 אֲרָמִ֖ית 1 Aramaic the language used in that area at the time for official business
EZR 4 7 ym9r וּ⁠מְתֻרְגָּ֥ם 1 translated into Persian
EZR 4 8 uu3t translate-names וְ⁠שִׁמְשַׁי֙ 1 Shimshai This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 8 hwq8 רְח֣וּם 1 Rehum This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:1](../02/01.md).
EZR 4 9 vvp8 translate-names אֱדַ֜יִן…שֽׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵ֔⁠א 1 Erech…Susa names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 10 d6lu translate-names אָסְנַפַּר֙ 1 Ashurbanipal This is a name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 10 pu35 translate-names וּ⁠שְׁאָ֥ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֖⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 11 a7sk דְּנָה֙ פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן אִגַּרְתָּ֔⁠א 1 This is a copy Ezra includes in his writing the content of the letter sent to King Artaxerxes.
EZR 4 11 n6mp translate-names אֱנָ֥שׁ עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֖⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 12 fu8s figs-metonymy קִרְיְתָ֨⁠א מָֽרָדְתָּ֤⁠א ו⁠באישת⁠א 1 the rebellious and evil city The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “a city that they plan to live in and rebel against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 12 jr26 וְ⁠אֻשַּׁיָּ֖⁠א יַחִֽיטוּ 1 repairing the foundations “fixed the foundations” or “mended the foundations”
EZR 4 13 wj57 figs-activepassive הֵ֣ן קִרְיְתָ֥⁠א דָךְ֙ תִּתְבְּנֵ֔א וְ⁠שׁוּרַיָּ֖⁠ה יִֽשְׁתַּכְלְל֑וּן 1 if this city is built and the wall is completed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “if they build the city and complete the wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 13 pgs2 וְ⁠אַפְּתֹ֥ם מַלְכִ֖ים תְּהַנְזִֽק 1 the treasury of the king will suffer loss The word “harm” refers to the Judeans no longer giving money to the kings.
EZR 4 14 m7yw figs-metonymy מְלַ֤ח הֵֽיכְלָ⁠א֙ מְלַ֔חְנָא 1 we have eaten the salt of the palace Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) the writers being loyal to the king or 2) the king giving the writers special honors. Alternate translation: “we are loyal to you” or “you have honored us by making us your officials” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 15 sa9b figs-metonymy קִרְיָ֣א מָֽרָדָ֗א 1 a rebellious city The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “a city in which live people who have rebelled against your father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 15 au5i figs-activepassive קִרְיְתָ֥⁠א דָ֖ךְ הָֽחָרְבַֽת 1 this city was destroyed This can be translated in active form, in which case you will need to make explicit who destroyed the city. The “city” represents the people who live in it. Alternate translation: “the Babylonians destroyed the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 16 cr21 figs-activepassive הֵ֣ן קִרְיְתָ֥⁠א דָךְ֙ תִּתְבְּנֵ֔א וְ⁠שׁוּרַיָּ֖⁠ה יִֽשְׁתַּכְלְל֑וּן 1 if this city is rebuilt and its walls are completed This can be translated in active form. See how you translated these words in [Ezra 4:13](../04/13.md). Alternate translation: “if they build the city and wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 16 n9kz figs-hyperbole חֲלָק֙…לָ֥א אִיתַ֖י לָֽ⁠ךְ 1 you will have no control Here “nothing” is an exaggeration to make the king think that he will be losing much tax money if the Judeans rebel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EZR 4 16 keh5 translate-names בַּ⁠עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔⁠א 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 17 qp5d translate-names וּ⁠שְׁאָ֧ר עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֛⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 17 u66e רְח֤וּם 1 Rehum This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md).
EZR 4 17 hja4 וְ⁠שִׁמְשַׁ֣י 1 Shimshai This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:8](../04/08.md).
EZR 4 17 rsd2 נַהֲרָ֛⁠ה 1 the River the Euphrates River
EZR 4 18 sza5 figs-activepassive נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֕⁠א דִּ֥י שְׁלַחְתּ֖וּן עֲלֶ֑י⁠נָא מְפָרַ֥שׁ קֱרִ֖י 1 the letter that you sent me has been translated and read This can be translated in active form, in which case you will need to make explicit who translated and read the letter to the king. Alternate translation: “I have had my servants translate and read the letter that you sent to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 20 vmb6 translate-names בְּ⁠כֹ֖ל עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 4 20 s7mv figs-activepassive וּ⁠מִדָּ֥ה בְל֛וֹ וַ⁠הֲלָ֖ךְ מִתְיְהֵ֥ב לְ⁠הֽוֹן 1 Tax,tribute, and custom were paid to them This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people in Jerusalem paid tribute and taxes to those kings” or “Those kings were able to collect tribute and taxes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 4 21 ie6i שִׂ֣ימוּ טְּעֵ֔ם 1 give a command “make a law”
EZR 4 22 xxy6 figs-litotes וּ⁠זְהִירִ֥ין הֱו֛וֹ שָׁל֖וּ 1 Be careful not to neglect The litotes “not to neglect” is an understatement to emphasize that the writers want Artaxerxes to do what they tell him to do. Alternate translation: “Be careful to do this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
EZR 4 22 t7e7 figs-rquestion לְ⁠מָה֙ יִשְׂגֵּ֣א חֲבָלָ֔⁠א לְ⁠הַנְזָקַ֖ת מַלְכִֽין 1 Why should this damage increase, to the hurt of the kings? Artaxerxes uses a question to tell them that he understands that he will lose taxes and honor if the city is built. Alternate translation: “You must make sure that this threat does not grow and cause more loss for the royal interests.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZR 4 22 kqp4 figs-metaphor יִשְׂגֵּ֣א חֲבָלָ֔⁠א 1 this damage increase Danger is spoken of as if it were a plant that could increase in size. Alternate translation: “danger to become worse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 4 22 fy32 figs-metonymy לְ⁠הַנְזָקַ֖ת מַלְכִֽין 1 to the hurt of the kings The words “the royal interests” are a metonym for the king himself. Alternate translation: “cause more bad things to happen to the kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 4 23 zq2h figs-activepassive פַּרְשֶׁ֤גֶן נִשְׁתְּוָנָ⁠א֙ דִּ֚י ארתחששתא מַלְכָּ֔⁠א קֱרִ֧י 1 the copy of the letter from King Artaxerxes was read This can be translated in active form, in which case you will need to make explicit who read the decree from the king to the officials. Alternate translation: “The messengers from King Artaxerxes read his decree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 4 23 s349 רְח֛וּם 1 Rehum See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:1](../02/01.md).
EZR 4 23 qu4l וְ⁠שִׁמְשַׁ֥י 1 Shimshai See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:7](../04/07.md).
EZR 4 24 kj9i בְּטֵלַת֙ עֲבִידַ֣ת בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֔⁠א דִּ֖י בִּ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם וַ⁠הֲוָת֙ בָּֽטְלָ֔א עַ֚ד שְׁנַ֣ת תַּרְתֵּ֔ין לְ⁠מַלְכ֖וּת דָּרְיָ֥וֶשׁ 1 the work on the house of God which is in Jerusalem ceased, and it remained stopped until the second year of the reign of Darius This delay lasted about 16 years.
EZR 5 intro rn2j 0 # Ezra 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Rebuilding the temple<br>The prophets Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the Jews to begin again building the temple. This was very important to life in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br>
EZR 5 1 bdb8 translate-names עִדּוֹא֙ 1 Iddo This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 2 u7ce translate-names וְ⁠יֵשׁ֣וּעַ…יֽוֹצָדָ֔ק 1 Jeshua…Jozadak These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 2 z38k שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל֙ 1 Shealtiel This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 3:1](../03/01.md).
EZR 5 2 mz7h לְ⁠מִבְנֵ֔א בֵּ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖⁠א 1 to build the house of God This was the temple of God.
EZR 5 3 kl9l translate-names תַּ֠תְּנַי…וּ⁠שְׁתַ֥ר בּוֹזְנַ֖י 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 3 gs4x translate-names עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֛⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 5 gv23 figs-synecdoche וְ⁠עֵ֣ין אֱלָהֲ⁠הֹ֗ם הֲוָת֙ עַל 1 the eye of God was on The eye represents the person watching over another person. Alternate translation: “God was watching over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZR 5 5 eu4e figs-activepassive טַעְמָ֖⁠א לְ⁠דָרְיָ֣וֶשׁ יְהָ֑ךְ וֶ⁠אֱדַ֛יִן יְתִיב֥וּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָ֖⁠א עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a report could be sent to Darius and a decree was returned concerning this matter This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “for an official to send a letter to the king and for the king to send a letter back to them with a decree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 6 jbg5 פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן אִ֠גַּרְתָּ⁠א 1 This is a copy of the letter Ezra includes the contents of the letter to King Darius regarding their work on the temple.
EZR 5 6 uq1x translate-names פַּחַ֣ת עֲבַֽר־נַהֲרָ֗⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated this in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 5 8 sp27 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues.
EZR 5 8 nmq2 וְ⁠אָ֖ע 1 timbers wood for building
EZR 5 9 uee9 מַן־שָׂ֨ם לְ⁠כֹ֜ם טְעֵ֗ם 1 Who issued you a command “Who gave you permission”
EZR 5 11 f9fm 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues.
EZR 5 11 m5y2 אֲנַ֣חְנָא הִמּ֡וֹ עַבְדוֹ⁠הִי֩ דִֽי־אֱלָ֨הּ 1 We are servants of the God Possible meaning are 1) they were calling the Jewish people servants of God or 2) those who replied were from the tribe of Levi and Aaron, who were the ones actually responsible for the temple worship and sacrifices.
EZR 5 11 a1ui figs-activepassive דִּֽי־הֲוָ֨א בְנֵ֜ה מִ⁠קַּדְמַ֤ת דְּנָה֙ שְׁנִ֣ין שַׂגִּיאָ֔ן וּ⁠מֶ֤לֶךְ לְ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ רַ֔ב בְּנָ֖⁠הִי וְ⁠שַׁכְלְלֵֽ⁠הּ 1 that was built many years ago, which a great king of Israel built and completed This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the great king of Israel had built and supplied all the equipment for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 11 y9hr וְ⁠שַׁכְלְלֵֽ⁠הּ 1 completed “supplied all the equipment for it”
EZR 5 12 un5r 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king continues. Tattenai continues to tell the king what the Judeans had told him beginning in [Ezra 5:11](../05/11.md).
EZR 5 12 pqp8 הַרְגִּ֤זוּ…לֶ⁠אֱלָ֣הּ שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א 1 provoked the God of heaven to wrath “made the God of heaven become very angry with us”
EZR 5 12 cy4x figs-metonymy יְהַ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּ⁠יַ֛ד נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֖ל כַּסְדָּאָ֑ה וּ⁠בַיְתָ֤⁠ה דְנָה֙ סַתְרֵ֔⁠הּ וְ⁠עַמָּ֖⁠ה הַגְלִ֥י לְ⁠בָבֶֽל 1 he gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house and deported the people The hand is a metonym for power or control. Also, “Nebuchadnezzar” represents his army. Alternate translation: “allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, the Chaldean, to destroy this house and to take the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 5 12 sgt7 וּ⁠בַיְתָ֤⁠ה דְנָה֙ סַתְרֵ֔⁠הּ 1 destroyed this house “tore down this house”
EZR 5 13 e3wn כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שָׂ֣ם טְעֵ֔ם בֵּית־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א דְנָ֖ה לִ⁠בְּנֵֽא 1 King Cyrus issued a command to rebuild the house of God Cyrus ordered that the people rebuild God’s temple.
EZR 5 14 q6am 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai continues to tell the king what the Judeans had told him beginning in ([Ezra 5:11](./11.md)).
EZR 5 14 w7ix לְ⁠שֵׁשְׁבַּצַּ֣ר 1 Sheshbazzar See how you translated this in [Ezra 1:7](../01/07.md).
EZR 5 14 caq3 וִ⁠יהִ֨יבוּ֙ 1 gave them King Cyrus returned the temple objects.
EZR 5 15 q6r3 figs-activepassive וּ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֥א 1 Let the house of God be rebuilt This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I want the Judeans to rebuild the house of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 16 x9zt 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai continues to tell the king what the Judeans had told him beginning in ([Ezra 5:11](./11.md)).
EZR 5 16 d7m8 figs-activepassive מִתְבְּנֵ֖א וְ⁠לָ֥א שְׁלִֽם 1 it has been under construction, but is not complete This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “people are now constructing it, but they have not done all the work yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 16 myr8 מִתְבְּנֵ֖א 1 under construction built
EZR 5 17 f4m4 0 General Information: The letter from Tattenai to the king that began in [Ezra 5:7](../05/07.md) continues. Tattenai has finished telling the king what the Judeans told him and now asks the king to see if what the Judeans told him was true.
EZR 5 17 abm5 figs-activepassive יִ֠תְבַּקַּר 1 let a search be made This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I would like you to have someone investigate this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 5 17 vii9 הֵ֣ן אִיתַ֗י דִּֽי־מִן־כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵ֔ם 1 if it is so that a command was issued by King Cyrus “if there is a record there that King Cyrus issued a law”
EZR 6 intro y5d8 0 # Ezra 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The completion of the story of the building of the temple and re-establishment of the temple worship occurs in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Temple taxes<br>The king said the Jews were right and ordered money from his taxes to be used to help them with their sacrifices.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Darius<br>In this chapter, Darius is called the king of Assyria. In reality, besides ruling over the former Assyrian Empire, Darius was also king of Persia. Persia had conquered Babylon, which had previously conquered Assyria. This made the king of Persia, the king of Assyria as well. It was unusual to refer to Darius as the king or ruler of Assyria. Ezra may have referred to him in this way to contrast Darius’ actions with those of the former rulers of Assyria, who had treated the Jews very cruelly. It was those earlier Assyrian rulers who had conquered the northern tribes of Israel and deported them to other lands. It was for this reasons that the northern tribes lost their identity and were no longer a distinct people group.<br>
EZR 6 1 spf8 figs-abstractnouns שָׂ֣ם טְעֵ֑ם וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 issued a command and a search was made The abstract noun “investigation” can be expressed with the verbs “investigate” or “search.” Alternate translation: “ordered his officials to investigate” or “ordered his officials to search” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 6 1 pb3s figs-explicit שָׂ֣ם טְעֵ֑ם וּ⁠בַקַּ֣רוּ 1 issued a command and a search was made What they were to investigate can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “ordered his officials to investigate the records” or “ordered his officials to search and find out if there was a record of King Cyrus telling the Jews to build the house of God in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 1 dze3 בְּ⁠בֵ֣ית סִפְרַיָּ֗⁠א דִּ֧י גִנְזַיָּ֛⁠א מְהַחֲתִ֥ין 1 in the archives where the treasures were stored This is a building where the king’s officials kept the important government records.
EZR 6 2 f8w5 translate-names בְּ⁠אַחְמְתָ֗א 1 Ecbatana This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 2 gfa8 figs-activepassive וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח…מְגִלָּ֣ה חֲדָ֑ה 1 a scroll was found This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they found a scroll” or “they found a scroll that told about Darius and Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 3 i2dk 0 General Information: This begins the record of King Cyrus’s command that the Jews rebuild God’s temple in Jerusalem.
EZR 6 3 ev3b figs-explicit בִּ⁠שְׁנַ֨ת חֲדָ֜ה לְ⁠כ֣וֹרֶשׁ מַלְכָּ֗⁠א 1 In the first year of King Cyrus It can be stated clearly that this is the first year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 1 of the reign of King Cyrus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 6 3 gi3x figs-activepassive בַּיְתָ֣⁠א יִתְבְּנֵ֔א 1 Let the house be rebuilt This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Let the Jews rebuild the house” or “The Jews must rebuild the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 3 ts4a translate-numbers אַמִּ֣ין שִׁתִּ֔ין 1 sixty cubits “60 cubits.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “twenty-seven meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
EZR 6 4 q3hv figs-explicit נִדְבָּכִ֞ין דִּי־אֶ֤בֶן גְּלָל֙ תְּלָתָ֔א וְ⁠נִדְבָּ֖ךְ דִּי־אָ֣ע חֲדַ֑ת 1 with three rows of large stones and a row of new timber This can be stated as a new sentence. Possible meanings are 1) this describes how to build the foundation. Alternate translation: “Build the foundation on three layers of large stones covered with one layer of timber” or 2) this describes how to build the walls. Alternate translation: “Build the house’s walls with three layers of large stones alternating with one layer of timber” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 4 tny3 figs-metonymy וְ⁠נִ֨פְקְתָ֔⁠א מִן־בֵּ֥ית מַלְכָּ֖⁠א תִּתְיְהִֽב 1 let the cost be paid by the king’s house The phrase “the king’s house” represents King Cyrus’s own wealth in the royal treasury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will pay for it with money from the royal treasury” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 6 f9x5 0 General Information: This continues the record of King Cyrus’s command that the Jews rebuild God’s temple in Jerusalem, which began in [Ezra 6:3](../06/03.md).
EZR 6 6 xd9g translate-names תַּ֠תְּנַי…שְׁתַ֤ר בּוֹזְנַי֙ 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Darius writes directly to these men. Translate their names as in [Ezra 5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 6 xk9x translate-names וּ⁠כְנָוָ֣תְ⁠ה֔וֹן…בַּ⁠עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 8 ci97 0 General Information: This continues the record of King Cyrus’s command that the Jews rebuild God’s temple in Jerusalem, which began in [Ezra 6:3](../06/03.md).
EZR 6 8 njb9 figs-activepassive וּ⁠מִ⁠נִּכְסֵ֣י מַלְכָּ֗⁠א דִּ֚י מִדַּת֙ עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔⁠ה אָסְפַּ֗רְנָא נִפְקְתָ֛⁠א תֶּהֱוֵ֧א 1 Let this cost be paid diligently at the expense of the king’s taxes beyond the River This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Use funds from the king’s tribute beyond the river to pay these men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 8 te7b figs-explicit וּ⁠מִ⁠נִּכְסֵ֣י מַלְכָּ֗⁠א דִּ֚י מִדַּת֙ עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֔⁠ה 1 at the expense of the king’s taxes beyond the River “The king’s tribute” refers to taxes that people pay the king. Alternate translation: “Money from the taxes that you collect for the king from the people beyond the river” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 11 em18 0 General Information: This continues the record of King Cyrus’s command that the Jews rebuild God’s temple in Jerusalem, which began in [Ezra 6:3](../06/03.md).
EZR 6 11 uqt8 figs-activepassive יִתְנְסַ֥ח אָע֙ מִן־בַּיְתֵ֔⁠הּ וּ⁠זְקִ֖יף יִתְמְחֵ֣א עֲלֹ֑⁠הִי וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֛⁠הּ נְוָל֥וּ יִתְעֲבֵ֖ד עַל־דְּנָֽה 1 a beam must be pulled from his house and he must be impaled on it. His house must then be turned into a rubbish heap This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “I command my officials to pull a beam from his house and impale him on it. They are then to turn his house into a rubbish heap” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 6 11 w334 אָע֙ 1 a beam a long, sturdy piece of wood, supporting the roof of a house
EZR 6 11 i9yf יִתְמְחֵ֣א 1 impaled pierced through
EZR 6 12 mn8y figs-metonymy דִּ֣י׀ יִשְׁלַ֣ח יְדֵ֗⁠הּ לְ⁠הַשְׁנָיָ֛ה לְ⁠חַבָּלָ֛ה 1 who extends their hand to change it, or to destroy Lifting the hand represents trying or daring to do something. Alternate translation: “who tries to change…or to destroy” or “who dares to change…or to destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 6 12 y3sn figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠הַשְׁנָיָ֛ה 1 to change it The abstract noun “decree” can be expressed with the phrase “what I have decreed.” Alternate translation: “to change what I have decreed” or “to say that I have decreed something else” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 6 13 alm6 translate-names תַּתְּנַ֞י…שְׁתַ֥ר בּוֹזְנַ֖י 1 Tattenai…Shethar-Bozenai Translate the names of these men as you did in [Ezra 5:3](../05/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 6 15 q4v5 figs-activepassive וְ⁠שֵׁיצִיא֙ בַּיְתָ֣⁠ה דְנָ֔ה 1 This house was completed This can be translated in active form. You may need to make explicit which house they completed. Alternate translation: “They completed God’s house” or “They finished building the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 15 c1qx translate-hebrewmonths י֥וֹם תְּלָתָ֖ה לִ⁠ירַ֣ח אֲדָ֑ר 1 the third day of the month of Adar “Adar” is the name of the twelfth and last month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the cold season. The third day is near the middle of February on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 6 15 bhp9 translate-ordinal שְׁנַת־שֵׁ֔ת 1 sixth year King Darius had been ruling for five years, so he was now in year number six of his reign. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 6 16 cq1q figs-explicit וּ⁠שְׁאָ֣ר בְּנֵי־גָלוּתָ֗⁠א 1 the rest of the children of the exile These people had been captured and taken to Babylon, but they returned to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “the rest of the people who had been taken captive to Babylon and had returned to Jerusalem” or “the rest of the people who had returned from captivity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 6 17 r49v translate-numbers תּוֹרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה…אִמְּרִ֖ין אַרְבַּ֣ע מְאָ֑ה 1 one hundred bulls…four hundred lambs “100 bulls…400 lambs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 6 18 iix1 בְּ⁠מַחְלְקָ֣תְ⁠ה֔וֹן 1 to their divisions “groups that work together”
EZR 6 19 j6lm translate-hebrewmonths בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשֽׁוֹן 1 fourteenth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 6 20 j34t figs-metaphor הִֽטַּהֲר֞וּ 1 purified themselves “made themselves pure.” Being pure represents being acceptable to God. Alternate translation: “made themselves acceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 p72z figs-metaphor הַ⁠נִּבְדָּ֛ל מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 had separated themselves from the uncleanness of the nations of the land Separating themselves from uncleanness represents refusing to do things that make people unclean. Alternate translation: “They refused to do the things that the people of the land did that made them unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 alu2 figs-metaphor מִ⁠טֻּמְאַ֥ת גּוֹיֵֽ־הָ⁠אָ֖רֶץ 1 the uncleanness of the nations of the land Here “uncleanness” represents being unacceptable to God. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of the land did that made them unacceptable to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 21 tyz7 figs-metaphor לִ⁠דְרֹ֕שׁ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 to seek Yahweh Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “chose to obey Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 22 k6q8 figs-metonymy וְֽ⁠הֵסֵ֞ב לֵ֤ב מֶֽלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר֙ 1 turned the heart of the king of Assyria Turning the king’s heart represents making him think differently about the work of the temple. Alternate translation: “changed the attitude of Assyria’s king” or “made Assyria’s king willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 6 22 x9ls figs-metaphor לְ⁠חַזֵּ֣ק יְדֵי⁠הֶ֔ם בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God Strengthening their hands in the work represents helping them to work. The Assyrian king did this by telling them to do the work and providing the money for it. Alternate translation: “to help them do the work of his house” or “to make it possible for them to do the work of his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 6 22 m7l7 בִּ⁠מְלֶ֥אכֶת בֵּית־הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֖ים 1 the work of the house of God This refers to building the temple.
EZR 7 intro p3he 0 # Ezra 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Ezra begins his religious reforms.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s Law<br>The people no longer know the law of Moses. Therefore, the king allows Ezra to return to Judea to teach the people about God’s law. Many people go with him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br>
EZR 7 1 h549 0 General Information: Ezra’s genealogy goes back to Aaron, the first high priest.
EZR 7 1 n9di translate-names שְׂרָיָ֔ה 1 Seraiah See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 1 gcr6 translate-names עֲזַרְיָ֖ה…חִלְקִיָּֽה 1 Azariah…Hilkiah men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 2 iy78 translate-names שַׁלּ֥וּם 1 Shallum See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 2 e2ek translate-names צָד֖וֹק…אֲחִיטֽוּב 1 Zadok…Ahitub men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 3 h5gv translate-names אֲמַרְיָ֥ה…עֲזַרְיָ֖ה…מְרָיֽוֹת 1 Amariah…Azariah…Meraioth This list is all men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 4 zd73 translate-names זְרַֽחְיָ֥ה…עֻזִּ֖י…בֻּקִּֽי 1 Zerahiah…Uzzi…Bukki men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 5 jvt2 translate-names אֲבִישׁ֗וּעַ…פִּֽינְחָס֙…אֶלְעָזָ֔ר 1 Abishua…Phinehas…Eleazar men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 6 xd8u וַ⁠יִּתֶּן־ל֣⁠וֹ הַ⁠מֶּ֗לֶךְ…כֹּ֖ל בַּקָּשָׁתֽ⁠וֹ 1 The king granted to him all his request “The king gave Ezra anything he asked for”
EZR 7 6 w6u9 figs-metonymy כְּ⁠יַד־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהָי⁠ו֙ עָלָ֔י⁠ו 1 according to the hand of Yahweh his God upon him The “hand” of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s blessing or help. Alternate translation: “the blessing of Yahweh was with Ezra” or “Yahweh was blessing Ezra” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 7 7 tt66 figs-explicit בִּ⁠שְׁנַת־שֶׁ֖בַע לְ⁠אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַ⁠מֶּֽלֶךְ 1 in the seventh year of King Artaxerxes This refers to the seventh year of his reign. Alternate translation: “in the seventh year that Artaxerxes was king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 8 cr7y translate-hebrewmonths בַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֑י 1 the fifth month This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of July and the first part of August on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 7 9 f68n translate-hebrewmonths בְּ⁠אֶחָד֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֔וֹן 1 the first day of the first month This is near the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 7 9 s9by translate-hebrewmonths וּ⁠בְ⁠אֶחָ֞ד לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֗י 1 the first day of the fifth month This is near the middle of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 7 9 k4wr figs-metonymy כְּ⁠יַד־אֱלֹהָ֖י⁠ו הַ⁠טּוֹבָ֥ה 1 according to the good hand of his God “Hand” represents the power or control that God uses for good results. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 7 10 b5p7 figs-metaphor עֶזְרָא֙ הֵכִ֣ין לְבָב֔⁠וֹ לִ⁠דְר֛וֹשׁ 1 Ezra had established his heart to seek Establishing his heart represents firmly deciding or committing himself to do something. Alternate translation: “Ezra committed his life to study” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 10 y7yr וְ⁠לַ⁠עֲשֹׂ֑ת 1 to observe “obey”
EZR 7 10 w9d8 חֹ֥ק וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּֽט 1 its statutes and ordinances These were the laws that God passed down to Israel through Moses.
EZR 7 11 qjr1 וְ⁠זֶ֣ה׀ פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן הַֽ⁠נִּשְׁתְּוָ֗ן 1 This is a copy of the letter The text following this statement was the decree given by King Artaxerxes.
EZR 7 12 y33a figs-explicit אַ֨רְתַּחְשַׁ֔סְתְּא מֶ֖לֶךְ מַלְכַיָּ֑⁠א 1 Artaxerxes, king of kings “The King of kings” was a title, meaning that he was the greatest of kings, the king that other kings obeyed. Alternate translation: “The Great King Artaxerxes” or “Artaxerxes, the greatest king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 13 d9b4 מִנִּ⁠י֮ שִׂ֣ים טְעֵם֒ דִּ֣י כָל־מִתְנַדַּ֣ב…לִ⁠מְהָ֧ךְ לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֛ם 1 I am issuing a decree that all those…who desire to go up to Jerusalem In those days people needed permission from the king to resettle and rebuild in an area previously destroyed by the conquering nation.
EZR 7 13 wi2u עִמָּ֖⁠ךְ יְהָֽךְ 1 may go with you The word “you” refers to Ezra.
EZR 7 14 cbf2 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 14 h7cx מַלְכָּ֜⁠א וְ⁠שִׁבְעַ֤ת יָעֲטֹ֨⁠הִי֙ 1 the king, and his seven counselors The word “I” and the phrase “the king” refer to the same person. The king is reminding the people who hear this letter that he is the author of this letter.
EZR 7 14 v44t figs-explicit לְ⁠בַקָּרָ֥א עַל־יְה֖וּד וְ⁠לִֽ⁠ירוּשְׁלֶ֑ם בְּ⁠דָ֥ת אֱלָהָ֖⁠ךְ 1 to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem according to the law of your God What they were to inquire about can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: “to investigate the situation in Judah and Jerusalem, in order to learn whether or not they are obeying God’s law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 15 m1pn figs-explicit וּ⁠לְ⁠הֵיבָלָ֖ה כְּסַ֣ף וּ⁠דְהַ֑ב 1 You are to bring the silver and gold Where they were to bring it can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You are to bring to Jerusalem the silver and gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 15 uu8a הִתְנַדַּ֨בוּ֙ 1 have freely offered “Freely” means that they were not forced to offer the money. They gave it because they wanted to. Alternate translation: “the silver and gold that they have willingly offered”
EZR 7 16 p3du figs-explicit הִתְנַדָּב֨וּת עַמָּ֤⁠א וְ⁠כָֽהֲנַיָּ⁠א֙ 1 the freewill offering of the people and the priests This can be expressed active form. Alternate translation: “what the people and the priests have freely offered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 17 pr2c 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 17 b2sq figs-explicit אָסְפַּ֨רְנָא תִקְנֵ֜א בְּ⁠כַסְפָּ֣⁠א דְנָ֗ה תּוֹרִ֤ין׀ דִּכְרִין֙ אִמְּרִ֔ין וּ⁠מִנְחָתְ⁠ה֖וֹן וְ⁠נִסְכֵּי⁠ה֑וֹן 1 diligently buy bulls, rams, lambs, and grain offerings and drink offerings The phrase “in full” means as many as are necessary to complete the task. They were to use the gold and silver to buy all they needed in order to worship God in the temple. Alternate translation: “Buy as many of the oxen, rams, lambs, grain and drink offerings as are needed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 18 a2bh figs-metaphor עלי⁠ך וְ⁠עַל־אחי⁠ך 1 you and your brothers The phrase “your brothers” refers to the people who were doing this work with Ezra. Alternate translation: “your co-workers” or “your companions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 19 h5qf 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 19 h6x1 figs-activepassive וּ⁠מָֽאנַיָּ⁠א֙ דִּֽי־מִתְיַהֲבִ֣ין לָ֔⁠ךְ 1 the objects that were given to you This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “the objects that we have freely given to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 7 19 bkk8 הַשְׁלֵ֕ם קֳדָ֖ם אֱלָ֥הּ יְרוּשְׁלֶֽ 1 deliver in full before the God of Jerusalem The word “him” refers to God.
EZR 7 19 a3tf figs-abstractnouns לְ⁠פָלְחָ֖ן בֵּ֣ית אֱלָהָ֑⁠ךְ 1 for the service of the house of your God The abstract noun “service” can be expressed with the verbs “serve” or “use.” Alternate translation: “to use in the house of your God” or “to serve in the house of your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 7 20 hgu9 גִּנְזֵ֥י 1 treasury a secure place where money is stored
EZR 7 21 wiy2 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 21 i7dz translate-names דִּ֖י בַּ⁠עֲבַ֣ר נַהֲרָ֑⁠ה 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 7 21 h6c8 figs-activepassive דִּ֣י כָל־דִּ֣י יִ֠שְׁאֲלֶנְ⁠כוֹן עֶזְרָ֨א…אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד 1 that anything that Ezra…asks from you, let it be done diligently This can be expressed in active form. “Give Ezra in full anything he asks of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 7 21 euy1 figs-explicit אָסְפַּ֖רְנָא יִתְעֲבִֽד 1 let it be done diligently The phrase “in full” here represents whatever quantity necessary to do the work. Alternate translation: “should be given as much as he needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 7 22 c716 translate-numbers כְּסַף֮ כַּכְּרִ֣ין מְאָה֒ 1 one hundred silver talents “100 talents of silver.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “3,300 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZR 7 22 cja2 translate-bvolume חִנְטִין֙ כֹּרִ֣ין מְאָ֔ה 1 one hundred cors of wheat You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “22,000 liters of grain” or “twenty thousand liters of grain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 7 22 u3yi translate-bvolume בַּתִּ֥ין מְשַׁ֖ח מְאָ֑ה 1 one hundred baths of oil You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: 2,200 liters of oil” or “two thousand liters of oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 7 23 t2e7 לְ⁠בֵ֖ית 1 the house This refers to God’s temple.
EZR 7 23 i89i figs-rquestion דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons? The king uses this question to say that he does not want God’s wrath to come upon them. The implied information is that if they do not do give Ezra what he needs, then God will punish the kingdom. Alternate translation: “For we do not want God’s wrath to come upon the kingdom of me and my sons.” or “For if you do not do these things, God’s wrath will come upon the kingdom of me and my sons.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZR 7 23 x6h5 figs-metonymy דִּֽי־לְ⁠מָ֤ה לֶֽהֱוֵא֙ קְצַ֔ף עַל־מַלְכ֥וּת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א וּ⁠בְנֽוֹ⁠הִי 1 For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons God’s wrath represents God punishing them. Alternate translation: “For why should God punish the kingdom of me and my sons” or “For if you do not do these things, God will punish the kingdom of me and my sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 7 24 pw3i 0 Connecting Statement: This continues the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 24 wx23 וּ⁠לְ⁠כֹ֣ם מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין דִּ֣י…לָ֥א שַׁלִּ֖יט לְ⁠מִרְמֵ֥א עֲלֵי⁠הֹֽם 1 We also make known to you that it is not lawful to impose tax, tribute, or custom “We are telling them not to impose any tribute or taxes”
EZR 7 24 ycd8 זַמָּ֨רַיָּ֤⁠א 1 musicians people who play musical instruments
EZR 7 25 r244 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the decree that King Artaxerxes gave to Ezra.
EZR 7 25 qzk1 figs-abstractnouns כְּ⁠חָכְמַ֨ת אֱלָהָ֤⁠ךְ דִּֽי־בִ⁠ידָ⁠ךְ֙ מֶ֣נִּי שָׁפְטִ֞ין וְ⁠דַיָּנִ֗ין 1 according to the wisdom of God that is in your hand, appoint judges and magistrates The abstract noun “wisdom” can be expressed with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “God has made you wise, so you must wisely appoint judges and magistrates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 7 26 sr94 figs-abstractnouns הֵ֤ן לְ⁠מוֹת֙ הֵ֣ן ל⁠שרשו הֵן־לַ⁠עֲנָ֥שׁ נִכְסִ֖ין וְ⁠לֶ⁠אֱסוּרִֽין 1 whether death, or banishment, or confiscation of goods, or imprisonment The abstract nouns can be translated with verbs. Alternate translation: “whether by killing them, banishing them, confiscating their goods, or imprisoning them” or “You may kill them, send them away, take the things the own, or put them in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 7 27 qh6m 0 Connecting Statement: Ezra praises God because of what King Artaxerxes decreed.
EZR 7 27 t4cz figs-metaphor נָתַ֤ן כָּ⁠זֹאת֙ בְּ⁠לֵ֣ב הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ לְ⁠פָאֵ֕ר אֶת־בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר בִּ⁠ירוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 placed such a thing into the heart of the king to beautify the house of Yahweh which is in Jerusalem Placing things in the king’s heart represents causing him to have certain thoughts and desires. Alternate translation: “caused the king to want to glorify Yahweh’s house in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 27 w14w figs-metaphor בֵּ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה 1 the house of Yahweh This refers to Yahweh’s temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 28 y4zu figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠עָלַ֣⁠י הִטָּה־חֶ֗סֶד 1 who has extended covenant faithfulness to me The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “loyal.” Alternate translation: “who has been faithful to me” or “who has been loyal to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 7 28 q1iu figs-metaphor וַ⁠אֲנִ֣י הִתְחַזַּ֗קְתִּי 1 So I was strengthened Being strengthened represents being encouraged. Alternate translation: I am encouraged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 7 28 gxx2 figs-metonymy כְּ⁠יַד־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהַ⁠י֙ עָלַ֔⁠י 1 as the hand of Yahweh my God was upon me Here Yahweh’s hand represents what he did to help Ezra. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh has helped me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 intro ye9m 0 # Ezra 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The people’s return to Judah<br>Many people went back to Judah with Ezra. They trusted God to protect them and the precious items they carried with them, which had been given for the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br>
EZR 8 1 ss8d translate-names 0 General Information: There is an apparent shift in authorship beginning here. Chapters 1-7 were written as if the author were writing about Ezra. Chapter 8 was written as if the author were Ezra. Verses 2-14 are a list of leaders and their ancestors. All of them are men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 2 m2b9 מִ⁠בְּנֵ֤י פִֽינְחָס֙ גֵּֽרְשֹׁ֔ם 1 of the sons of Phinehas, Gershom This is the first item in the list. It can be written with the verb “was.” Alternate translation: “The leader of the descendants of Phinehas was Gershom” or “Gershom was the leader of the descendants of Phinehas”
EZR 8 2 i7e9 מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י אִיתָמָ֖ר דָּנִיֵּ֑אל 1 of the sons of Ithamar, Daniel This is the second item in the list. It can be written with the verb “was.” Alternate translation: “The leader of the descendants of Ithamar was Daniel” or “Daniel was the leader of the descendants of Ithamar”
EZR 8 2 kb7h מִ⁠בְּנֵ֥י דָוִ֖יד חַטּֽוּשׁ 1 of the sons of David, Hattush This is the third item in the list. It can be written with the verb “were.” Alternate translation: “The leaders of the descendants of David were Hattush who was…Parosh; and Zechariah” or “The leaders of the descendants of David were Hattush and Zechariah. Hattush was from…Parosh”
EZR 8 2 xt4r חַטּֽוּשׁ 1 Hattush This is a man’s name.
EZR 8 3 m91f פַרְעֹ֖שׁ 1 Parosh See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:3](../02/03.md).
EZR 8 3 ds2y וְ⁠עִמּ֛⁠וֹ הִתְיַחֵ֥שׂ לִ⁠זְכָרִ֖ים מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים 1 with him were registered150 males “with Zechariah there were 150 males listed in the record of his genealogy”
EZR 8 3 se12 translate-numbers לִ⁠זְכָרִ֖ים מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁי 1 150 males “one hundred and fifty males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 4 c961 translate-names 0 General Information: The list of men’s names continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 4 f7d5 מִ⁠בְּנֵי֙ פַּחַ֣ת מוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְיְהֽוֹעֵינַ֖י בֶּן־זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 of the sons of Pahath-Moab, Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah This is the next item in the list. It can be written with the verb “was.” Alternate translation: “The leader of the descendants of Pahath-Moab was Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah” or “Eliehoenai son of Zerahiah was the leader of the descendants of Pahath-Moab”
EZR 8 4 y6jz וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ מָאתַ֥יִם הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him were two hundred males “with Eliehoenai were two hundred males”
EZR 8 4 kyx7 זְרַֽחְיָ֑ה 1 Zerahiah See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 7:4](../07/04.md).
EZR 8 4 z9s8 translate-numbers מָאתַ֥יִם 1 two hundred “200” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 5 j5rk translate-numbers שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת 1 three hundred “300” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 6 x9hz עָדִ֔ין 1 Adin See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:15](../02/15.md).
EZR 8 6 c84d translate-numbers חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים 1 fifty “50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 7 ckp4 translate-numbers שִׁבְעִ֥ים 1 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 8 b23z translate-names 0 General Information: The list of men’s names continues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 8 v9nn וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה זְבַדְיָ֖ה בֶּן־מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 of the sons of Shephatiah, Zebadiah son of Michael This is the next item in the list. It can be written with the verb “was.” Alternate translation: “The leader of the descendants of Shephatiah was Zebadiah son of Michael” or “Zebadiah son of Michael was the leader of the descendants of Shephatiah”
EZR 8 8 cw6w שְׁפַטְיָ֔ה 1 Shephatiah See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md).
EZR 8 8 u8wj translate-names מִֽיכָאֵ֑ל 1 Michael This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 8 w6u1 וְ⁠עִמּ֖⁠וֹ שְׁמֹנִ֥ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him eighty males “with Zebadiah were listed eighty males”
EZR 8 8 rsp4 translate-numbers שְׁמֹנִ֥ים 1 eighty “80” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 9 ude8 translate-numbers מָאתַ֛יִם וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 218 males “two hundred and eighteen males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 10 y254 translate-numbers מֵאָ֥ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֖ים הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 160 males “one hundred and sixty males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 11 s7ng בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:11](../02/11.md).
EZR 8 11 w892 translate-numbers עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּ⁠שְׁמֹנָ֖ה 1 twenty-eight “28” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 12 z7xc translate-names 0 General Information: This is the end of the list of men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 12 a3dx וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י עַזְגָּ֔ד יוֹחָנָ֖ן בֶּן־הַ⁠קָּטָ֑ן 1 of the sons of Azgad, Johanan son of Hakkatan This is the next item in the list. It can be written with the verb “was.” Alternate translation: “The leader of the descendants of Azgad was Johanan son of Hakkatan” or “Johanan son of Hakkatan was the leader of the descendants of Azgad”
EZR 8 12 j4bn וְ⁠עִמּ֕⁠וֹ מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 with him 110 males “with Johanan were listed 110 males”
EZR 8 12 pr9v translate-numbers מֵאָ֥ה וַ⁠עֲשָׂרָ֖ה הַ⁠זְּכָרִֽים 1 110 males “one hundred and ten males” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 12 elm1 עַזְגָּ֔ד 1 Azgad See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:12](../02/12.md).
EZR 8 13 rzr8 וּ⁠מִ⁠בְּנֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיקָם֮ 1 of the sons of Adonikam The word “those” refers to the leaders. Alternate translation: “The leaders of the descendants of Adonikam”
EZR 8 13 k1ic אֲדֹנִיקָם֮ 1 Adonikam See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:13](../02/13.md).
EZR 8 13 hu49 translate-numbers שִׁשִּׁ֥ים 1 sixty “60” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 14 p7ej בִגְוַ֖י 1 Bigvai See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md).
EZR 8 14 we81 translate-numbers שִׁבְעִ֥ים 1 seventy “70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 15 x4yl translate-names 0 General Information: The word “I” in chapter 8 refers to Ezra. He is the author. Verse 16 contains a list of men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 15 gl34 הַ⁠נָּהָר֙ הַ⁠בָּ֣א אֶֽל־אַהֲוָ֔א 1 the river that flows to Ahava Possible meanings are that the “canal” was 1) a waterway that men built or 2) an ordinary river. It can be translated in a more general way. Alternate translation: “the waterway that flows to Ahava”
EZR 8 15 cl4j translate-names אַהֲוָ֔א 1 Ahava This is the name of a place (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 16 ufp7 לִֽ֠⁠שְׁמַעְיָה 1 Shemaiah See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md).
EZR 8 16 sw7e וּ⁠לְ⁠אֶלְנָתָ֨ן וּ⁠לְ⁠יָרִ֜יב וּ⁠לְ⁠אֶלְנָתָ֧ן 1 Elnathan…Elnathan…Elnathan There were apparently three men with the same name.
EZR 8 17 a4dg translate-names אִדּ֨וֹ 1 Iddo This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 17 akq5 figs-explicit וָאֲצַוֶּ֤ה אוֹתָ⁠ם֙ 1 Next I sent them The word “them” refers to the nine leaders and two teachers written about in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Next I sent those men to Iddo” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 8 17 ggi9 translate-names בְּ⁠כָסִפְיָ֣א 1 Kasiphia This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 17 nq66 וָ⁠אָשִׂימָ⁠ה֩ בְּ⁠פִי⁠הֶ֨ם דְּבָרִ֜ים לְ֠⁠דַבֵּר אֶל־אִדּ֨וֹ…לְ⁠הָֽבִיא־לָ֥⁠נוּ מְשָׁרְתִ֖ים לְ⁠בֵ֥ית אֱלֹהֵֽי⁠נוּ 1 I put in their mouths the words to speak to Iddo…to send to us servants for the house of our God The words “that is” introduces what he told them to say. Alternate translation: “I told them to tell Iddo…to send us servants for the house of God”
EZR 8 18 kbq4 translate-names מַחְלִ֔י…וְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֛ה 1 Sherebiah…Mahli These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 18 a7cr figs-metonymy וַ⁠יָּבִ֨יאּוּ לָ֜⁠נוּ כְּ⁠יַד־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ הַ⁠טּוֹבָ֤ה עָלֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ 1 So they sent to us by the good hand of our God a man God’s “good hand” represents his kindness in providing for them. Alternate translation: “Because God was kind to us, they sent us a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 18 kue1 אִ֣ישׁ שֶׂ֔כֶל 1 a man of understanding This is a man of understanding and wisdom.
EZR 8 18 d8n9 בֶּן־לֵוִ֖י בֶּן־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 1 the son of Levi, the son of Israel Here “Israel” is a man’s name. It is the name God gave to Jacob.
EZR 8 18 pp9z translate-numbers שְׁמֹנָ֥ה עָשָֽׂר 1 eighteen “18” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 19 vsm6 translate-names חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה…מְרָרִ֑י 1 Hashabiah…Merari These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 19 bwf7 translate-numbers עֶשְׂרִֽים 1 twenty “20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 19 mf7n translate-names יְשַֽׁעְיָ֖ה 1 Jeshaiah See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 8:7](../08/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 20 f9pd וְ⁠הַ⁠שָּׂרִים֙ 1 officials people with specific authority within a government system
EZR 8 21 zh8n translate-names הַ⁠נָּהָ֣ר אַהֲוָ֔א 1 the river Ahava This is the name of the canal that flows to the place called Ahava. See how you translated Ahava and canal in [Ezra 8:15](../08/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 21 sq2q figs-metaphor לְ⁠בַקֵּ֤שׁ מִמֶּ֨⁠נּוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֔ה לָ֥⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠טַפֵּ֖⁠נוּ וּ⁠לְ⁠כָל־רְכוּשֵֽׁ⁠נוּ 1 to seek a straight way from him for us and our little ones, and all our possessions The word “seek” represents asking God to do something for them. Here a “straight path” represents safety while they travel. Alternate translation: “to ask God to give us, our little ones, and all our possessions safety while we travel” or “to ask God to protect us, our little ones, and all our possessions while we travel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 22 n4fd figs-metonymy יַד־אֱלֹהֵ֤י⁠נוּ עַל־כָּל־מְבַקְשָׁי⁠ו֙ לְ⁠טוֹבָ֔ה 1 The hand of our God is on all those who seek him for good The hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Seeking God is a metaphor for serving him. Alternate translation: “God helps all who serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 22 fb5x figs-metonymy וְ⁠עֻזּ֣⁠וֹ וְ⁠אַפּ֔⁠וֹ עַ֖ל כָּל־עֹזְבָֽי⁠ו 1 but his strength and his wrath are against all those who forsake him God’s might and wrath being on people is a metonym for him punishing people. Forgetting God is a metaphor for refusing to serve him. Alternate translation: “but he punishes all who refuse to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 23 nfn4 figs-metaphor וַ⁠נָּצ֛וּמָ⁠ה וַ⁠נְּבַקְשָׁ֥⁠ה מֵ⁠אֱלֹהֵ֖י⁠נוּ עַל־זֹ֑את 1 So we fasted and sought God about this matter Here seeking God is a metaphor for asking God to do something for them. Alternate translation: “So we fasted and asked God to help us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 8 24 v6yb translate-names לְ⁠שֵׁרֵֽבְיָ֣ה חֲשַׁבְיָ֔ה 1 Sherebiah, Hashabiah See how you translated these men’s names in [Ezra 8:19](../08/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 26 v4vy translate-numbers כֶּ֗סֶף כִּכָּרִים֙ שֵֽׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֔ים 1 650 talents of silver “six hundred and fifty talents of silver.” A talent weighs about thirty-three kilograms. You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “22,000 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZR 8 26 an5i translate-numbers וּ⁠כְלֵי־כֶ֥סֶף מֵאָ֖ה לְ⁠כִכָּרִ֑ים 1 one hundred talents of silver objects “100 talents of silver objects.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “3,300 kilograms of silver objects” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZR 8 26 ih18 translate-numbers זָהָ֖ב מֵאָ֥ה כִכָּֽר 1 one hundred talents of gold “100 talents of gold.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “3,300 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
EZR 8 27 q2jm translate-numbers לַ⁠אֲדַרְכֹנִ֖ים אָ֑לֶף 1 one thousand darics “1,000 darics.” A “daric” was a small gold coin that people in the Persian Empire used. You can translate this in terms of the number of coins or their weight. Alternate translation: “one thousand Persian gold coins” or “eight and one half kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
EZR 8 27 zlh5 וּ⁠כְלֵ֨י נְחֹ֜שֶׁת 1 vessels of bronze Bronze is a mixture of copper and another metal. It is stronger than pure copper.
EZR 8 28 rbg4 וָ⁠אֹמְרָ֣⁠ה אֲלֵ⁠הֶ֗ם 1 Then I said to them “Then I said to the twelve priestly officials”
EZR 8 29 im6g עַֽד־תִּשְׁקְל֡וּ לִ⁠פְנֵי֩ שָׂרֵ֨י הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֧ים וְ⁠הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֛ם וְ⁠שָׂרֵֽי־הָ⁠אָב֥וֹת לְ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 1 until you weigh them out before the heads of the priests and the Levites, and the heads of the fathers’ houses When they arrived in Jerusalem, they would weigh the silver, gold, and bronze to show that they had not taken any of it for themselves.
EZR 8 30 ia74 הַ⁠כֹּהֲנִ֣ים וְ⁠הַ⁠לְוִיִּ֔ם 1 The priests and the Levites According to the law of Moses, the tribe of Levi had the work of caring for the temple, its possessions, and the offerings.
EZR 8 31 c4v2 וַֽ⁠נִּסְעָ֞⁠ה מִ⁠נְּהַ֣ר אַֽהֲוָ֗א 1 We went out from the river Ahava “We left the Ahava Canal” or “We started traveling from the Ahava Canal”
EZR 8 31 c9im translate-names מִ⁠נְּהַ֣ר אַֽהֲוָ֗א 1 the river Ahava This is the name of the canal that flows to the place called Ahava. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:21](../08/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 31 ju8u translate-hebrewmonths בִּ⁠שְׁנֵ֤ים עָשָׂר֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֔וֹן 1 twelfth day of the first month This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The twelfth day is near the end of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 8 31 b7m1 figs-metonymy וְ⁠יַד־אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ הָיְתָ֣ה עָלֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 The hand of our God was on us The hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Alternate translation: “God was helping us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 31 dj8h figs-metonymy וַ⁠יַּ֨צִּילֵ֔⁠נוּ מִ⁠כַּ֥ף אוֹיֵ֛ב וְ⁠אוֹרֵ֖ב עַל־הַ⁠דָּֽרֶךְ 1 he delivered us from the hand of the enemy and from those lying in ambush along the road The hand represents what those people might do. It specifically refers to the enemy attacking the group that was traveling. Alternate translation: “he protected us from the attack of the enemy and the ones who wished to ambush us along the road” or “He kept the enemy from attacking us and he kept robbers from ambushing us along the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 31 pj64 וְ⁠אוֹרֵ֖ב 1 those lying in ambush This refers to thieves and robbers who wanted to attack them for their treasures.
EZR 8 33 p3qm figs-activepassive נִשְׁקַ֣ל הַ⁠כֶּסֶף֩ וְ⁠הַ⁠זָּהָ֨ב וְ⁠הַ⁠כֵּלִ֜ים 1 the silver and the gold and the objects were weighed out This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the twelve priestly officials weighed out the silver, gold and objects” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 8 33 b9l2 figs-metonymy נִשְׁקַ֣ל הַ⁠כֶּסֶף֩ וְ⁠הַ⁠זָּהָ֨ב וְ⁠הַ⁠כֵּלִ֜ים…עַ֠ל יַד־מְרֵמ֤וֹת 1 the silver and the gold and the objects were weighed out…into the hand of Meremoth Here “the hand of Meremoth” represents Meremoth’s care of the silver, gold, and objects. The men weighed those things and gave them to Meremoth to take care of them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 8 33 lte3 translate-names מְרֵמ֤וֹת…אֽוּרִיָּה֙…אֶלְעָזָ֣ר…פִּֽינְחָ֑ס…יוֹזָבָ֧ד…יֵשׁ֛וּעַ וְ⁠נֽוֹעַדְיָ֥ה…בִּנּ֖וּי 1 Meremoth…Uriah…Eleazar…Phinehas…Jozabad…Jeshua…Noadiah…Binnui These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 8 33 jb4h יֵשׁ֛וּעַ 1 Jeshua See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:6](../02/06.md).
EZR 8 35 gxu7 הַ֠⁠בָּאִים מֵֽ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁבִ֨י בְנֵֽי־הַ⁠גּוֹלָ֜ה 1 those who had come back from the captivity, the sons of the exiles These two phrases refer to the Jewish people who were living as exiles in Babylon and who left Babylon and returned to Jerusalem in Judea. Alternate translation: “The ones who came back to Jerusalem from the captivity in Babylon, the people of exile”
EZR 8 35 lgl7 translate-numbers שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר…תִּשְׁעִ֣ים וְ⁠שִׁשָּׁ֗ה…שִׁבְעִ֣ים וְ⁠שִׁבְעָ֔ה…שְׁנֵ֣ים עָשָׂ֑ר 1 twelve…ninety-six…seventy-seven…twelve “12…96…77…12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 8 36 r5gu וּ⁠פַחֲו֖וֹת עֵ֣בֶר הַ⁠נָּהָ֑ר 1 the governors in the Province Beyond the River These were the Babylonian officials managing the people west of the Euphrates River, which included the people living in Judea.
EZR 8 36 d38g translate-names וּ⁠פַחֲו֖וֹת עֵ֣בֶר הַ⁠נָּהָ֑ר 1 the Province Beyond the River This is the name of the province that was west of the Euphrates River. It was across the river from the city of Susa. It included Judea. See how you translated it in [Ezra 4:10](../04/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 9 intro k1yz 0 # Ezra 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage<br>When Ezra found out that many Jews had married Gentile wives, he prayed to God and asked God why he had been so good to them by letting these few people return from captivity even though they sinned by marrying Gentile wives. They did this before and God had punished them for it. God forbid this type of marriage because it caused the people to worship other gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br>
EZR 9 1 kb76 לֹֽא־נִבְדְּל֞וּ 1 have not separated themselves have married people from other lands and have adopted their religion
EZR 9 3 qhy7 וּ⁠כְ⁠שָׁמְעִ⁠י֙ אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֔ה 1 When I heard this matter When Ezra heard that many Israelites had married foreign women and were worshiping their gods
EZR 9 3 ck87 figs-explicit קָרַ֥עְתִּי אֶת־בִּגְדִ֖⁠י וּ⁠מְעִילִ֑⁠י וָ⁠אֶמְרְטָ֞⁠ה מִ⁠שְּׂעַ֤ר רֹאשִׁ⁠י֙ וּ⁠זְקָנִ֔⁠י 1 I tore my clothing and my robe and pulled out hair from my head and beard Ezra was showing everyone how unhappy he was that people were doing things that offended God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EZR 9 4 m8dw לְ⁠מִנְחַ֥ת הָ⁠עָֽרֶב 1 the evening sacrifice a sacrifice that the priests would offer around the time the sun was going down
EZR 9 5 v2nb מִ⁠תַּֽעֲנִיתִ֔⁠י 1 my fasting another way of saying he was “sitting ashamed” ([Ezra 9:4](../09/04.md)). “where I was sitting on the ground to show how ashamed I was”
EZR 9 5 qye1 וָֽ⁠אֶכְרְעָ⁠ה֙ עַל־בִּרְכַּ֔⁠י וָ⁠אֶפְרְשָׂ֥⁠ה כַפַּ֖⁠י 1 knelt down on my knees, and spread out my hands “got on my knees and stretched out my arms with my hands open toward the sky”
EZR 9 6 aca6 figs-parallelism עֲוֺנֹתֵ֤י⁠נוּ רָבוּ֙ לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה רֹּ֔אשׁ וְ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֥⁠נוּ גָדְלָ֖ה עַ֥ד לַ⁠שָּׁמָֽיִם 1 our iniquities have risen higher than our head, and our guilt has grown up to the heavens These words are two ways of speaking of iniquity and guilt as if they were physical objects that could grow to be larger than people. The abstract nouns “iniquity” and “guilt” can be expressed as a noun and an adjective, respectively. Alternate translation: “we have committed wicked deeds and we are very guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 9 7 sv5f מִ⁠ימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗י⁠נוּ 1 the days of our fathers “the time when our ancestors were alive”
EZR 9 7 wet1 figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠אַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה…וּ⁠בַ⁠עֲוֺנֹתֵ֡י⁠נוּ 1 very guilty…our iniquities The abstract nouns “guilt” and “iniquity” can be translated as an adjective and a verb, respectively. Alternate translation: “very guilty…Because of the evil deeds we did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 9 7 h1bs figs-activepassive נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩…בְּ⁠יַ֣ד׀ מַלְכֵ֣י 1 we…have been delivered into the hand of kings This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “you gave us…into the hand of kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 9 7 v9sd figs-metonymy בְּ⁠יַ֣ד׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָ⁠אֲרָצ֗וֹת 1 into the hand of kings of the lands Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “were given into the control of the kings of this world” or “were given over to the kings of this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 9 7 f2hv figs-metonymy בַּ⁠חֶ֜רֶב בַּ⁠שְּׁבִ֧י וּ⁠בַ⁠בִּזָּ֛ה וּ⁠בְ⁠בֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים 1 to the sword, to captivity, and to plunder, and to ashamed faces The sword is a metonym for people killing other people. The abstract nouns “captivity” and “plunder” can be stated as verb phrases. And, “faces” is a synecdoche representing the whole person. Alternate translation: “to our enemies to kill us, to capture us, to steal from us, and to cause us shame” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
EZR 9 8 jqq9 figs-metaphor הָיְתָ֨ה תְחִנָּ֜ה מֵ⁠אֵ֣ת׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗י⁠נוּ 1 grace has been shown from Yahweh our God God deciding to be merciful is spoken of as if mercy were a person who could move. Alternate translation: “Yahweh our God has decided to be merciful to us and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 9 xh8d figs-abstractnouns וַֽ⁠יַּט־עָלֵ֣י⁠נוּ חֶ֡סֶד 1 but he extended covenant faithfulness to us The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “loyal.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezra 7:28](../07/28.md). Alternate translation: “but he as been faithful to us” or “he has been loyal to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 9 9 eb2m figs-metonymy לִ⁠פְנֵי֩ מַלְכֵ֨י פָרַ֜ס 1 in the sight of the king of Persia The king could not literally see the temple, but he did know about what was happening in Jerusalem. Here “sight” is a metonym for what a person knows. Alternate translation: “so that the king of Persia knows about it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EZR 9 9 f833 אֶת־בֵּ֤ית אֱלֹהֵ֨י⁠נוּ֙ 1 the house of our God the temple
EZR 9 9 b5aw figs-metaphor וְ⁠לָֽ⁠תֶת־לָ֣⁠נוּ גָדֵ֔ר 1 to give us a wall The wall that keeps people safe is a metaphor for Yahweh protecting his people. Alternate translation: “could keep us safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EZR 9 12 uax9 עַד־עוֹלָֽם 1 forever “until the end of the ages”
EZR 9 14 jh1x figs-rquestion הֲ⁠נָשׁוּב֙ לְ⁠הָפֵ֣ר מִצְוֺתֶ֔י⁠ךָ וּ֨⁠לְ⁠הִתְחַתֵּ֔ן בְּ⁠עַמֵּ֥י הַ⁠תֹּעֵב֖וֹת הָ⁠אֵ֑לֶּה 1 should we again break your commandments and intermarry with the people of these abominations? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “it is very wrong that some of us have broken your commandments and made…people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZR 9 14 mn62 figs-rquestion הֲ⁠ל֤וֹא תֶֽאֱנַף־…לְ⁠אֵ֥ין שְׁאֵרִ֖ית וּ⁠פְלֵיטָֽה 1 Would you not be angry…no remnant or survivor? This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am afraid that you will be angry…escape.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
EZR 9 15 qhg9 הִנְ⁠נ֤וּ 1 Look “Pay attention to what I am about to say”
EZR 9 15 a177 לְ⁠פָנֶ֨י⁠ךָ֙ בְּ⁠אַשְׁמָתֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 We are before you in our guilt “You can see that we are all guilty”
EZR 9 15 lh5h אֵ֥ין לַ⁠עֲמ֛וֹד לְ⁠פָנֶ֖י⁠ךָ עַל־זֹֽאת 1 no one can stand before you because of this “you do not think that any person is innocent”
EZR 10 intro ah4y 0 # Ezra 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriages<br>The people agree to divorce their Gentile wives. Many Jews were involved in these mixed marriages. Divorce should not normally have been common for the Jews to engage in, but marriage with non-Jewish women was not allowed.<br>
EZR 10 1 ufb1 figs-pronouns וּ⁠כְ⁠הִתְפַּלֵּ֤ל עֶזְרָא֙ וּ⁠כְ֨⁠הִתְוַדֹּת֔⁠וֹ בֹּכֶה֙ וּ⁠מִתְנַפֵּ֔ל 1 As Ezra was praying and confessing, weeping and throwing himself down Ezra speaks of himself as if he were someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
EZR 10 1 ekt7 וּ⁠מִתְנַפֵּ֔ל 1 throwing himself down quickly went from standing to lying facedown
EZR 10 1 vcs1 לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י בֵּ֣ית הָ⁠אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 before the house of God in front of the temple
EZR 10 2 zx9r שְׁכַנְיָ֨ה 1 Shekaniah See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:5](../08/05.md).
EZR 10 2 at6v יְחִיאֵ֜ל 1 Jehiel See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:9](../08/09.md).
EZR 10 2 af7v אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ מָעַ֣לְנוּ בֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֔י⁠נוּ 1 We have been unfaithful to our God This was made as a public confession, not as a boastful claim.
EZR 10 4 m4vg וַ⁠אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עִמָּ֑⁠ךְ 1 we are with you “we will help you”
EZR 10 6 j3bg translate-names יְהוֹחָנָ֣ן…אֶלְיָשִׁ֑יב 1 Jehohanan…Eliashib These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 8 tv2h וְ⁠כֹל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יָב֜וֹא…יָחֳרַ֖ם כָּל־רְכוּשׁ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠ה֥וּא יִבָּדֵ֖ל 1 Everyone who did not come…all his property would be forfeited, and he would be excluded “The officials would take all the possessions away from anyone who did not come…and would excuse them” or “The people of Judah and Jerusalem would take all the possessions away from anyone who did not come…and would exclude them”
EZR 10 8 a5ia translate-numbers לִ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים 1 three days 3 days (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EZR 10 9 kp1w לִ⁠שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים 1 in three days “three days later”
EZR 10 9 v2eh translate-hebrewmonths ה֛וּא חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠תְּשִׁיעִ֖י בְּ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ 1 ninth month and the twentieth day of the month This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twentieth day is near the middle of December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 10 9 j9d3 בִּ⁠רְחוֹב֙ 1 in the square a large open courtyard in front of the temple
EZR 10 10 x4sz figs-abstractnouns מְעַלְתֶּ֔ם 1 have acted unfaithfully The abstract noun “treason” can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “helped the enemies of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EZR 10 10 v95n לְ⁠הוֹסִ֖יף עַל־אַשְׁמַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 adding to the guilt of Israel “and now God considers us guilty of worse sin than before”
EZR 10 11 man9 וְ⁠הִבָּֽדְלוּ֙ 1 separate yourselves move away from, be different from
EZR 10 13 wqu4 figs-litotes וְ⁠הַ⁠מְּלָאכָ֗ה לֹֽא־לְ⁠י֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ וְ⁠לֹ֣א לִ⁠שְׁנַ֔יִם 1 this is not the work of one or two days This litotes can be translated in positive form. Alternate translation: “we will need a long time to do all this work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
EZR 10 14 fcw7 figs-activepassive לְ⁠עִתִּ֣ים מְזֻמָּנִ֔ים וְ⁠עִמָּ⁠הֶ֛ם זִקְנֵי־עִ֥יר וָ⁠עִ֖יר וְ⁠שֹׁפְטֶ֑י⁠הָ 1 at the appointed time with the elders and judges of each of their cities This can be translated in active form and as separate sentences. Alternate translation: “at the time that you will determine. Let them come with the city elder and the city judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EZR 10 15 z2yc translate-names יוֹנָתָ֧ן…עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה…תִּקְוָ֖ה…וּ⁠מְשֻׁלָּ֛ם וְ⁠שַׁבְּתַ֥י 1 Jonathan…Asahel…Jahzeiah…Tikvah…Meshullam…Shabbethai men’s names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 15 sl99 יוֹנָתָ֧ן בֶּן־עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל וְ⁠יַחְזְיָ֥ה בֶן־תִּקְוָ֖ה עָמְד֣וּ עַל־זֹ֑את 1 Jonathan son of Asahel and Jahzeiah son of Tikvah opposed this Possible meanings are, 1) these men did not want the city officials to investigate the offenses or 2) they did not want anyone to investigate the people’s marriages.
EZR 10 16 jyy9 וַ⁠יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן֮ 1 did this The people investigated who had married non-Jewish wives.
EZR 10 16 c2z7 translate-hebrewmonths בְּ⁠י֤וֹם אֶחָד֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠עֲשִׂירִ֔י 1 the first day of the tenth month This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 10 17 kgk5 translate-hebrewmonths י֥וֹם אֶחָ֖ד לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשֽׁוֹן 1 first day of the first month This is near the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EZR 10 18 rqg8 יֵשׁ֤וּעַ 1 Jeshua See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:2](../02/02.md).
EZR 10 18 pqk9 יֽוֹצָדָק֙ 1 Jozadak See how you translated this in [Ezra 3:2](../03/02.md).
EZR 10 18 sf5b translate-names מַֽעֲשֵׂיָה֙…וּ⁠גְדַלְיָֽה 1 Maaseiah…Gedaliah names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 18 pp5e וֶֽ⁠אֱלִיעֶ֔זֶר וְ⁠יָרִ֖יב 1 Eliezer…Jarib See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md).
EZR 10 20 yu42 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women.
EZR 10 20 d98p אִמֵּ֔ר 1 Immer a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:37](../02/37.md).
EZR 10 20 re8v translate-names חֲנָ֖נִי 1 Hanani a man’s name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 20 dkn7 translate-names וּ⁠זְבַדְיָֽה 1 Zebadiah a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 21 hqu7 translate-names חָרִ֑ם 1 Harim This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:32](../02/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 21 vq5r translate-names מַעֲשֵׂיָ֤ה 1 Maaseiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:18](../10/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 21 xx3d translate-names וּֽ⁠שְׁמַֽעְיָ֔ה וִ⁠יחִיאֵ֖ל 1 Shemaiah…Jehiel These are the names of men. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 22 bs2z פַּשְׁח֑וּר 1 Pashhur This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:37](../02/37.md).
EZR 10 22 yf1x translate-names אֶלְיוֹעֵינַ֤י מַֽעֲשֵׂיָה֙ יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל נְתַנְאֵ֔ל 1 Elioenai…Maaseiah…Nethanel…Elasah These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 22 e2ac translate-names יוֹזָבָ֖ד 1 Jozabad This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 23 ef8q translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 23 y5l2 translate-names יוֹזָבָ֣ד 1 Jozabad This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 24 cg6w translate-names אֶלְיָשִׁ֑יב 1 Eliashib This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 24 dsd1 translate-names שַׁלֻּ֥ם 1 Shallum This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 25 frh1 translate-names פַרְעֹ֡שׁ 1 Parosh This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:3](../02/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 25 y951 translate-names וְ⁠אֶלְעָזָ֔ר 1 Eleazar This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 7:5](../07/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 26 n4c3 translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 26 xd7i translate-names עֵילָ֑ם 1 Elam See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:7](../02/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 26 gy8p translate-names וִ⁠יחִיאֵ֣ל 1 Jehiel See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 8:9](../08/09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 27 t24c translate-names זַתּ֑וּא 1 Zattu See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:8](../02/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 27 x1id translate-names אֶלְיוֹעֵנַ֤י 1 Elioenai See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 10:22](../10/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 27 ecz6 translate-names אֶלְיָשִׁיב֙ 1 Eliashib See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 28 h43s translate-names בֵּבָ֑י 1 Bebai This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:11](../02/11.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 28 jfh1 translate-names יְהוֹחָנָ֥ן 1 Jehohanan This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 29 n4fe translate-names בָּנִ֑י 1 Bani See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 29 j32x translate-names מְשֻׁלָּ֤ם 1 Meshullam See how you translated this man’s name in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 gmx3 translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 phn5 translate-names פַּחַ֥ת מוֹאָ֖ב 1 Pahath-Moab This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:4](../08/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 pms5 translate-names בְּנָיָ֤ה 1 Benaiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:25](../10/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 pwh7 translate-names מַעֲשֵׂיָה֙ 1 Maaseiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:18](../10/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 hh1b translate-names מַתַּנְיָ֣ה 1 Mattaniah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 30 ul4r translate-names וּ⁠בִנּ֖וּי 1 Binnui This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 31 xr3u translate-names מַלְכִּיָּ֖ה 1 Malkijah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:25](../10/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 31 z6j4 translate-names חָרִ֑ם 1 Harim This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:32](../02/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 31 nrh8 translate-names אֱלִיעֶ֧זֶר 1 Eliezer This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:16](../08/16.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 32 gyh9 translate-names מַלּ֖וּךְ 1 Malluk This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:29](../10/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 uek2 translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 my1a translate-names חָשֻׁ֑ם 1 Hashum This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:19](../02/19.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 b1la translate-names זָבָ֣ד 1 Zabad This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:27](../10/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 gh5f translate-names אֱלִיפֶ֔לֶט 1 Eliphelet This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 zz6j translate-names מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה 1 Manasseh This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:30](../10/30.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 33 zbx2 translate-names שִׁמְעִֽי 1 Shimei This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 34 v361 translate-names בָנִ֔י 1 Bani This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 35 pcb9 translate-names בְּנָיָ֥ה 1 Benaiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 36 h5e9 translate-names מְרֵמ֖וֹת 1 Meremoth This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 36 tg36 translate-names אֶלְיָשִֽׁיב 1 Eliashib This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:6](../10/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 37 j4vh translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra continues to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 37 zkk4 translate-names מַתַּנְיָ֥ה 1 Mattaniah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 37 dyu7 translate-names מַתְּנַ֖י 1 Mattenai This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:33](../10/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 38 z3zn translate-names וּ⁠בִנּ֖וּי 1 Binnui This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:33](../08/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 38 p6gp translate-names שִׁמְעִֽי 1 Shimei This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:23](../10/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 39 maz3 translate-names וַ⁠עֲדָיָֽה 1 Adaiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:26](../10/26.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 41 mf9g translate-names 0 General Information: Ezra finishes to list the men who married non-Jewish women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 41 hgp4 translate-names וְ⁠שֶׁלֶמְיָ֖הוּ 1 Shelemiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:39](../10/39.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 41 bt3u translate-names שְׁמַרְיָֽה 1 Shemariah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:32](../10/32.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 42 y5rp translate-names שַׁלּ֥וּם 1 Shallum This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:42](../02/42.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 42 ny8e translate-names אֲמַרְיָ֖ה 1 Amariah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 7:3](../07/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 43 cab3 translate-names נְב֑וֹ 1 Nebo This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 2:29](../02/29.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 43 tih9 translate-names יְעִיאֵ֤ל 1 Jeiel This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 8:13](../08/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 43 tun4 translate-names זָבָ֣ד 1 Zabad This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:27](../10/27.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 43 kb1m translate-names זְבִינָ֔א יַדַּ֥י וְ⁠יוֹאֵ֖ל 1 Zebina…Jaddai…Joel These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 43 jwl8 translate-names בְּנָיָֽה 1 Benaiah This is a man’s name. See how you translated this in [Ezra 10:25](../10/25.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
EZR 10 44 f8ms כָּל־אֵ֕לֶּה 1 All of these all the men in the list beginning in [Ezra 10:20](../10/20.md)
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