Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
OBA	front	intro	jrz8			0		# Introduction to Obadiah<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Obadiah<br><br>1. Yahweh will judge Edom (1:1-16)<br>- Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:1–9)<br>- Why Yahweh will destroy Edom (1:10–14)<br>1. Yahweh will judge the nations (1:15–16)<br>1. Yahweh will deliver his people (1:17–21)<br><br>### What is the Book of Obadiah about?<br><br>After Babylon destroyed Jerusalem, the Edomites captured fleeing Jews. Then they gave these Jews over to Babylon. The Book of Obadiah is about Yahweh judging the Edomites for harming his people. This book would be comforting to the exiled people of Judah.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book is traditionally titled “The Book of Obadiah” or just “Obadiah.” Translators may decide to use a clearer title such as “The Sayings of Obadiah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Obadiah?<br><br>The prophet Obadiah probably wrote this book. We know nothing more about Obadiah. His name in Hebrew means “Servant of Yahweh.”<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What was Edom’s relationship to Israel?<br><br>Obadiah referred to Edom as Israel’s brother. This is because the Edomites descended from Esau, and the Israelites descended from Jacob. Jacob and Esau were brothers. This made Edom betraying Israel much worse.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How do I translate the concept of “pride”?<br><br>The Book of Obadiah speaks of the pride of Edom. This meant that the Edomites thought their enemies or Yahweh could not defeat them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/proud]])<br>
OBA	1	1	xm1w		חֲז֖וֹן עֹֽבַדְיָ֑ה	1	The vision of Obadiah	This is the title of the book. Here “vision” is used in the general sense of a message from Yahweh, rather than to indicate how Obadiah received the message. Alternate translation: “The message of Obadiah” or “The prophesy of Obadiah”
OBA	1	1	sv9x		כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨⁠י יְהוִ֜ה לֶ⁠אֱד֗וֹם	1	The Lord Yahweh says this concerning Edom	This tells the reader that the entire book is a message about Edom.
OBA	1	1	s7if		יְהוִ֜ה	1	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
OBA	1	1	r27r	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠צִיר֙…שֻׁלָּ֔ח	1	an ambassador has been sent	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has sent an ambassador” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	1	pez6		ק֛וּמוּ	1	Rise up	“Stand up.” This phrase is used to tell people to get ready.
OBA	1	1	c9e2	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠נָק֥וּמָה עָלֶי⁠הָ	1	rise up against her	Here “her” refers to Edom. This is a metonym for the people of Edom, so it could also be translated as “them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
OBA	1	2	cc3h		הִנֵּ֥ה…נְתַתִּ֖י⁠ךָ	1	Behold, I will make you	Beginning in verse 2, Obadiah records the words that Yahweh speaks directly to Edom.
OBA	1	2	npn6		הִנֵּ֥ה	1	Behold	This alerts the reader to pay special attention to what follows. Alternate translation: “Look” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
OBA	1	2	l6dc	figs-parallelism	קָטֹ֛ן נְתַתִּ֖י⁠ךָ בַּ⁠גּוֹיִ֑ם בָּז֥וּי אַתָּ֖ה מְאֹֽ	1	I will make you small among the nations, you will be greatly despised	These two phrases mean similar things and are used to emphasize that Edom will lose its important status. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
OBA	1	2	ec8m	figs-metaphor	קָטֹ֛ן נְתַתִּ֖י⁠ךָ בַּ⁠גּוֹיִ֑ם	1	I will make you small among the nations	Something that is insignificant is spoken of as if it is of small size, and can easily be overlooked. Alternate translation: “I will make you insignificant among the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
OBA	1	2	ch1u	figs-activepassive	בָּז֥וּי אַתָּ֖ה מְאֹֽד	1	you will be greatly despised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of other nations will hate you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	3	i96n			0	General Information:	Obadiah’s vision concerning Edom continues.
OBA	1	3	qpw7	figs-metonymy	זְד֤וֹן לִבְּ⁠ךָ֙ הִשִּׁיאֶ֔⁠ךָ	1	The pride of your heart has deceived you	The “heart” was associated with emotions. The Edomites’ pride caused them to be deceived about their security. Alternate translation: “Your pride has deceived you” or “Your pride causes you think you are safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
OBA	1	3	q6sz		בְ⁠חַגְוֵי־סֶּ֖לַע	1	in the clefts of the rock	“in the cracks in the rock.” This here has the sense of a place that is protected because it is surrounded by rocks.
OBA	1	3	k9sw		מְר֣וֹם שִׁבְתּ֑⁠וֹ	1	in your lofty home	“in your home that was built in a high place”
OBA	1	3	r5zj	figs-idiom	אֹמֵ֣ר בְּ⁠לִבּ֔⁠וֹ	1	say in your heart	Here “in your heart” is an idiom that means “to yourself.” Alternate translation: “say to yourselves” or “think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
OBA	1	3	i2hx	figs-rquestion	מִ֥י יוֹרִדֵ֖⁠נִי אָֽרֶץ	1	Who will bring me down to the ground?	This question expresses that the Edomites were proud and felt safe. Alternate translation: “No one can bring me down to the ground.” or “I am safe from all attackers.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
OBA	1	4	xn9f	figs-hyperbole	אִם־תַּגְבִּ֣יהַּ כַּ⁠נֶּ֔שֶׁר וְ⁠אִם־בֵּ֥ין כּֽוֹכָבִ֖ים שִׂ֣ים קִנֶּ֑⁠ךָ	1	Though you soar high like the eagle and though your nest is set among the stars	Both of these exaggerations say that Edom is built in a very high place by saying it is built much higher than possible. Alternate translation: “And I tell you that even if you had wings and could fly higher than eagles fly, and if you could make your homes among the stars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
OBA	1	4	bbu3	figs-idiom	מִ⁠שָּׁ֥ם אוֹרִֽידְ⁠ךָ֖	1	I will bring you down from there	Pride is associated with height while humility is associated with being low. To “bring down” is an idiom that means to humble someone. Alternate translation: “I will humble you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
OBA	1	5	y8jh			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Obadiah his message to Edom.
OBA	1	5	w86v	figs-rquestion	אִם־גַּנָּבִ֤ים בָּאֽוּ־לְ⁠ךָ֙…הֲ⁠ל֥וֹא יִגְנְב֖וּ דַּיָּ֑⁠ם	1	If thieves came to you…would they not steal only as much as they needed?	This question is used to imply that Yahweh’s punishment of Edom would be worse than what thieves would do when they steal. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “If thieves came to you…they would only steal as much as they needed, but I will take everything from you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	5	q1pg	figs-hendiadys	אִם־גַּנָּבִ֤ים בָּאֽוּ־לְ⁠ךָ֙ אִם־שׁ֣וֹדְדֵי לַ֔יְלָה	1	If thieves came to you, if robbers came by night	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used to emphasize people who steal. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “When thieves break into someone’s house during the night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
OBA	1	5	w64v		אִם־שׁ֣וֹדְדֵי לַ֔יְלָה	1	if robbers came by night	“or if robbers came during the night”
OBA	1	5	mt7z		שׁ֣וֹדְדֵי	1	robbers	people who steal things from other people
OBA	1	5	b93f		אֵ֣יךְ נִדְמֵ֔יתָה	1	how you will be ruined!	Yahweh adds this phrase in the middle of another sentence to express that the punishment of Edom is shocking. Alternate translation: “you are completely destroyed!”
OBA	1	5	k12c	figs-rquestion	אִם־בֹּֽצְרִים֙ בָּ֣אוּ לָ֔⁠ךְ הֲ⁠ל֖וֹא יַשְׁאִ֥ירוּ עֹלֵלֽוֹת	1	If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave the gleanings?	This question is used to imply that Yahweh’s punishment of Edom would be more thorough than what grape gatherers would do when they harvest grapes. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “If grape gatherers came to you, they would leave some grapes, but I will take everything from you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	6	zsf7	figs-activepassive	אֵ֚יךְ נֶחְפְּשׂ֣וּ עֵשָׂ֔ו נִבְע֖וּ מַצְפֻּנָֽי⁠ו	1	How Esau has been ransacked, his hidden treasures will be searched out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Ah, enemies have stolen everything from Esau; they have found his hidden treasure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	6	m9p3		עֵשָׂ֔ו	1	Esau	The people of Edom were the descendants of Esau. Therefore, in this book “Edom” and “Esau” refer to the same group of people.
OBA	1	6	lf9t		נֶחְפְּשׂ֣וּ	1	has been ransacked	This means the enemies have search through Esau’s things, taken everything valuable, and left everything else in a mess or damaged.
OBA	1	7	xk3q			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Obadiah his message to Edom.
OBA	1	7	a612		כֹּ֚ל אַנְשֵׁ֣י בְרִיתֶ֔⁠ךָ…אַנְשֵׁ֣י שְׁלֹמֶ֑⁠ךָ לַחְמְ⁠ךָ֗	1	All the men of your alliance…The men who were at peace with you…They who eat your bread	All three of these phrases refer to Edom’s allies.
OBA	1	7	n3t6		בְרִיתֶ֔⁠ךָ	1	your alliance	The word “your” refers to the nation of Edom.
OBA	1	7	cr88		עַֽד־הַ⁠גְּב֣וּל שִׁלְּח֗וּ⁠ךָ	1	will send you on your way to the border	“will send you out of their land.” The people of Edom will try to take refuge in the land of their allies, but their allies will not let the people of Edom stay in their land.
OBA	1	7	rc1i		אֵ֥ין תְּבוּנָ֖ה בּֽ⁠וֹ	1	There is no understanding in him.	Possible meanings are 1) the allies say this about Edom. Alternate translation: “They say, ‘Edom does not understand anything.’” or 2) this is a statement about the betrayal of the allies. Alternate translation: “No one can understand why they did this.”
OBA	1	8	i4rg	figs-rquestion	הֲ⁠ל֛וֹא בַּ⁠יּ֥וֹם הַ⁠ה֖וּא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה וְ⁠הַאֲבַדְתִּ֤י חֲכָמִים֙ מֵֽ⁠אֱד֔וֹם וּ⁠תְבוּנָ֖ה מֵ⁠הַ֥ר עֵשָֽׂו	1	Will I not on that day,” says Yahweh, “destroy…mountain of Esau?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize the certainty of the destruction of Edom. Alternate translation: “‘On that day,’ says Yahweh, ‘I surely will destroy…mountain of Esau.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
OBA	1	8	z8tf		מֵ⁠הַ֥ר עֵשָֽׂו	1	the mountain of Esau	Most of the land of Esau was mountains, so this is one way of referring to the land of Edom.
OBA	1	9	e7d9		וְ⁠חַתּ֥וּ גִבּוֹרֶ֖י⁠ךָ	1	Your mighty men will be dismayed	“Your strong warriors will be afraid”
OBA	1	9	qvg3	translate-names	תֵּימָ֑ן	1	Teman	This is the name of a region in the land of Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
OBA	1	9	ljv4	figs-activepassive	לְמַ֧עַן יִכָּֽרֶת־אִ֛ישׁ מֵ⁠הַ֥ר עֵשָׂ֖ו מִ⁠קָּֽטֶל	1	so that every man may be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that there will be no more people in the mountains of Esau because enemies killed them” or “so that they will slaughter every person in the mountain of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	9	q6s7		יִכָּֽרֶת	1	be cut off	“be destroyed”
OBA	1	10	ypi3			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Obadiah his message to Edom.
OBA	1	10	ui6g	figs-metonymy	אָחִ֥י⁠ךָ יַעֲקֹ֖ב	1	your brother Jacob	Here “Jacob” represents his descendants. Because Jacob was the brother of Esau, the people of Edom are spoken of as if they were the brothers of the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “your relatives who are the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
OBA	1	10	f8g6	figs-idiom	תְּכַסְּ⁠ךָ֣ בוּשָׁ֑ה	1	you will be covered with shame	To be covered with something is an idiom for fully experiencing it. Alternate translation: “you will be completely ashamed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
OBA	1	10	a113	figs-activepassive	וְ⁠נִכְרַ֖תָּ לְ⁠עוֹלָֽם	1	will be cut off forever	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will never exist again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	11	w6hj		עֲמָֽדְ⁠ךָ֣ מִ⁠נֶּ֔גֶד	1	stood aloof	“watched and did nothing to help”
OBA	1	11	s38y		זָרִ֖ים	1	strangers	people from other nations
OBA	1	11	rtj8		חֵיל֑⁠	1	his wealth	The word “his” refers to “Jacob,” which is another way of referring to the people of Israel.
OBA	1	11	i8sr	figs-explicit	וְ⁠עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ יַדּ֣וּ גוֹרָ֔ל	1	cast lots for Jerusalem	This phrase means “they cast lots to decide who would get the valuable things that they took from Jerusalem.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	11	s4y1	figs-explicit	גַּם־אַתָּ֖ה כְּ⁠אַחַ֥ד מֵ⁠הֶֽם	1	you were like one of them	“it was as though you were one of these strangers and foreigners.” This implies that they did not help the Israelites. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you were like one of the enemies and did not help Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	12	axp9			0	General Information:	Yahweh continues giving Obadiah his message to Edom. Verses 12-14 consist of a series of negative commands that Yahweh gives to tell the people of Edom how not to treat the Israelites.
OBA	1	12	e7cd		וְ⁠אַל־תֵּ֤רֶא	1	do not gloat over	“do not be happy because of” or “do not take pleasure in”
OBA	1	12	q8md		בְ⁠יוֹם־אָחִ֨י⁠ךָ֙	1	your brother’s day	Here “your brother” refers to the people of Israel because Jacob and Esau were brothers.
OBA	1	12	b6h1		בְּ⁠י֣וֹם נָכְר֔⁠וֹ	1	the day of his misfortune	“the time at which bad things happen to him”
OBA	1	12	f7lt		בְּ⁠י֣וֹם	1	the day	Each of the several occurrences of “day” refer to the time when Babylon attacked and destroyed Jerusalem.
OBA	1	12	lxg7		בְּ⁠י֣וֹם אָבְדָ֑⁠ם	1	in the day of their destruction	“at the time when their enemies destroy them”
OBA	1	12	b8al		בְּ⁠י֥וֹם צָרָֽה	1	in the day of their distress	“at the time when they suffer”
OBA	1	13	wg54		אֵידָ֔⁠ם…בְּ⁠רָעָת֖⁠וֹ	1	calamity…disaster…ruin	These are all different translations of the same word. If your language has one word that can translate all three of these ideas, you could use it here.
OBA	1	13	f9q3		בְּ⁠רָעָת֖⁠וֹ	1	over their affliction	“because of the bad things that happen to them”
OBA	1	13	jz38		וְ⁠אַל־תִּשְׁלַ֥חְנָה בְ⁠חֵיל֖⁠וֹ	1	do not loot their wealth	“do not take their wealth” “or “do not steal their wealth”
OBA	1	14	ixs7		הַ⁠פֶּ֔רֶק	1	crossroads	a place where two roads come together
OBA	1	14	p7i1		לְ⁠הַכְרִ֖ית אֶת־פְּלִיטָ֑י⁠ו	1	to cut down his fugitives	“to kill the people of Israel who are trying to escape” or “to catch those who were trying to escape”
OBA	1	14	qdx9		וְ⁠אַל־תַּסְגֵּ֥ר שְׂרִידָ֖י⁠ו	1	do not deliver up his survivors	“do not capture those who are still alive and give them to their enemies”
OBA	1	15	bb23			0	General Information:	Yahweh concludes his message to Edom in verse 15. In verses 16-21, Yahweh speaks through Obadiah to tell the people of Judah that they will possess the land of Edom.
OBA	1	15	fa9m		כִּֽי־קָר֥וֹב יוֹם־יְהוָ֖ה עַל־כָּל־הַ⁠גּוֹיִ֑ם כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשִׂ֨יתָ֙ יֵעָ֣שֶׂה לָּ֔⁠ךְ גְּמֻלְ⁠ךָ֖ יָשׁ֥וּב בְּ⁠רֹאשֶֽׁ⁠ךָ	1	For the day of Yahweh is near…will return on your own head	Bible experts are not certain whether verse 15 goes with verse 14 as the end of the previous section, or goes with verse 16 as the beginning of the new section.
OBA	1	15	e5t7		כִּֽי־קָר֥וֹב יוֹם־יְהוָ֖ה עַל־כָּל־הַ⁠גּוֹיִ֑ם	1	For the day of Yahweh is near upon all the nations	“Soon the time will come when Yahweh will show all the nations that he is Lord”
OBA	1	15	rd8g	figs-activepassive	כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשִׂ֨יתָ֙ יֵעָ֣שֶׂה לָּ֔⁠ךְ	1	As you have done, it will be done to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will do to you the same things that you did to others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
OBA	1	15	djk9	figs-idiom	גְּמֻלְ⁠ךָ֖ יָשׁ֥וּב בְּ⁠רֹאשֶֽׁ⁠ךָ	1	your deeds will return on your own head	Here “return on your own head” means they will be punished for those things. Alternate translation: “you will suffer the consequences for the things you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
OBA	1	16	nf6s		שְׁתִיתֶם֙	1	For as you	The word “you” is plural and probably refers to the people of Judah.
OBA	1	16	fu2y	figs-metaphor	כִּ֗י כַּֽ⁠אֲשֶׁ֤ר שְׁתִיתֶם֙	1	as you have drunk	The punishment that Judah received from the enemy nations is spoken of as if a bitter liquid that they drank. Alternate translation: “as you have drunk suffering” or “as I have punished you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
OBA	1	16	ujj9		הַ֣ר קָדְשִׁ֔⁠י	1	my holy mountain	This was a way of referring to Jerusalem.
OBA	1	16	qz7p	figs-metaphor	יִשְׁתּ֥וּ כָֽל־הַ⁠גּוֹיִ֖ם תָּמִ֑יד	1	so will all the nations drink continually	Yahweh’s punishment of the other nations is spoken of as if it was a bitter liquid that he will cause them to drink continually. Alternate translation: “so all the nations will drink in suffering continually” or “so I will punish all of the nations without stopping” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
OBA	1	16	a8v3	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠שָׁת֣וּ וְ⁠לָע֔וּ וְ⁠הָי֖וּ כְּ⁠ל֥וֹא הָיֽוּ	1	They will drink and swallow and it will be as though they had never existed	Yahweh continues the metaphor of drinking punishment. Here “swallow” expresses that they will fully experience the punishment, with the result that it will destroy them completely. Alternate translation: “They will drink in my punishment fully until they cease to exist” or “I will continue to punish them fully until I completely destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	17	zi69			0	General Information:	In verses 16-21, Yahweh speaks through Obadiah to tell the people of Judah that they will possess the land of Edom.
OBA	1	17	cc36	figs-explicit	פְלֵיטָ֖ה	1	those that escape	These are the people of Jerusalem that are still alive after Yahweh has finished punishing the city. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “some of the Israelites who escape the punishment of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
OBA	1	17	y9pz		וְ⁠הָ֣יָה קֹ֑דֶשׁ	1	it will be holy	The word “it” refers to “mount Zion.”
OBA	1	17	b4sh	figs-metonymy	בֵּ֣ית יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב	1	the house of Jacob	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob’s descendants. Alternate translation: “descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
OBA	1	18	rm2e	figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הָיָה֩ בֵית־יַעֲקֹ֨ב אֵ֜שׁ וּ⁠בֵ֧ית יוֹסֵ֣ף לֶהָבָ֗ה	1	house of Jacob will be a fire…Joseph a flame	Yahweh speaks of the houses of Jacob and Joseph as if they were fire because they will destroy Esau like a fire that quickly and completely burns up straw. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
OBA	1	18	hj8x		לְ⁠קַ֔שׁ	1	stubble	The dry pieces of plants that are left in the ground after the stalks have been cut.
OBA	1	18	bte3		וְ⁠דָלְק֥וּ	1	and they	The word “they” refers to the house of Jacob and the house of Joseph.
OBA	1	18	jk84		וְ⁠דָלְק֥וּ בָ⁠הֶ֖ם	1	will burn them	The word “them” refers to the descendants of Esau, who are the nation of Edom.
OBA	1	18	wf4e		וְ⁠לֹֽא־יִֽהְיֶ֤ה שָׂרִיד֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית עֵשָׂ֔ו	1	There will be no survivors to the house of Esau	“Not one person of the house of Esau will survive”
OBA	1	18	yt8j	figs-metonymy	לְ⁠בֵ֣ית עֵשָׂ֔ו	1	the house of Esau	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Esau’s descendants. Alternate translation: “descendants of Esau” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
OBA	1	18	c5jr		כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר	1	for Yahweh has spoken it	This is an oath formula that means it will certainly happen because Yahweh said it.
OBA	1	19	d241			0	General Information:	In verses 16-21, Yahweh speaks through Obadiah to tell the people of Judah that they will possess the land of Edom.
OBA	1	19	ep84		וְ⁠יָרְשׁ֨וּ הַ⁠נֶּ֜גֶב אֶת־הַ֣ר עֵשָׂ֗ו	1	Those from the Negev will possess the mount of Esau	“The Israelites in the Negev will take the land of the Edomites”
OBA	1	19	m7qk		וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁפֵלָה֙	1	those of the Shepelah	This refers to Israelites in the western foothills of Israel who will capture the land of the Philistines in battle.
OBA	1	19	x15u		וְ⁠יָרְשׁוּ֙	1	They will possess	Here “They” appears to refer to the people of Israel in general.
OBA	1	19	gup4		וּ⁠בִנְיָמִ֖ן	1	Benjamin will possess	“the tribe of Benjamin will possess” or “the descendants of Benjamin will possess”
OBA	1	20	b7al			1	General Information:	In verses 16-21, Yahweh speaks through Obadiah to tell the people of Judah that they will possess the land of Edom.
OBA	1	20	xw8x		וְ⁠גָלֻ֣ת הַֽ⁠חֵל־הַ֠⁠זֶּה לִ⁠בְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל	1	The exiles of this host of the people of Israel	Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the exiles taken to Assyria from the northern kingdom of Israel or 2) this refers to the people of Judah who lived outside of Jerusalem and were taken to exile in Babylon.
OBA	1	20	t8hm		הַֽ⁠חֵל	1	host	a very large group of people
OBA	1	20	r8cn	translate-names	עַד־צָ֣רְפַ֔ת	1	as far as Zarephath	Zarephath was a Phoenician city north of Israel on the coast of the Mediterranean between Tyre and Sidon. Alternate translation: “as far north as Zarephath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
OBA	1	20	u5t1		וְ⁠גָלֻ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם	1	The exiles of Jerusalem	This group is contrasted with either the Israelites from the northern kingdom, or with the people of Judah who lived outside of Jerusalem.
OBA	1	20	x6yt	translate-names	בִּ⁠סְפָרַ֑ד	1	Sepharad	This is the name of a place whose location is unknown. Some experts suggest it refers to the city of Sardis in the region of Lydia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
OBA	1	21	j7nf		וְ⁠עָל֤וּ מֽוֹשִׁעִים֙ בְּ⁠הַ֣ר צִיּ֔וֹן לִ⁠שְׁפֹּ֖ט אֶת־הַ֣ר עֵשָׂ֑ו	1	Deliverers will go up to Mount Zion to rule over the hill country of Esau	“Deliverers will go up to Jerusalem and rule over Edom from there”
OBA	1	21	hyg2		מֽוֹשִׁעִים֙	1	Deliverers	Possible meanings are 1) this refers to various Israelite military leaders whom God will use to defeat the nation of Edom or 2) the text should read “Those who will be delivered” and refers to the returning Jewish exiles.
OBA	1	21	wy7x		וְ⁠הָיְתָ֥ה לַֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה הַ⁠מְּלוּכָֽה	1	the kingdom will belong to Yahweh	This phrase emphasizes that Yahweh will personally rule over the kingdom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will be their king”