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@ -1369,40 +1369,40 @@ JHN 10 9 gda6 figs-metaphor δι’ ἐμοῦ ἐάν τις εἰσέλθῃ 1
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JHN 10 9 xl78 figs-metaphor σωθήσεται 1 I am the gate Here, **saved** refers to being **saved** from the eternal punishment in hell that all people deserve because of their sins. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “he will be saved from hell” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 9 nmvk figs-activepassive σωθήσεται 1 I am the gate If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will save him” or “I will save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JHN 10 9 n70e figs-idiom εἰσελεύσεται, καὶ ἐξελεύσεται 1 I am the gate The phrase **go in and go out** is a common Old Testament idiom meaning to travel and move around freely in a safe environment. If this would be misunderstood in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “he will move about freely” or “he will go around in a safe environment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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JHN 10 9 in9p figs-metaphor νομὴν εὑρήσει 1 pasture Here Jesus uses the phrase ** find pasture** figuratively to refer to having one’s needs provided for. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will find sustenance” or “will receive everything that he needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 9 in9p figs-metaphor νομὴν εὑρήσει 1 pasture Jesus uses the phrase ** find pasture** figuratively to refer to having one’s needs provided for. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will find sustenance” or “will receive everything that he needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 10 ymc7 figs-genericnoun ὁ κλέπτης 1 does not come if he would not steal Jesus is speaking of thieves in general, not of one particular **thief**. If this would be misunderstood in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “A thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
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JHN 10 10 nicf figs-metaphor ὁ κλέπτης 1 Here, Jesus uses **thief** figuratively to refer to the Jewish leaders who were deceiving the people. See how you translated the similar use of this word in [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “Every leader is like a thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 10 nicf figs-metaphor ὁ κλέπτης 1 Jesus uses **thief** figuratively to refer to the Jewish leaders who were deceiving the people. See how you translated the similar use of this word in [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “Every leader is like a thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 10 h2gf figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἔρχεται εἰ μὴ ἵνα κλέψῃ 1 does not come if he would not steal If this double negative would be misunderstood in your language, you could translate it as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “comes only in order that he might steal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
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JHN 10 10 h56c figs-ellipsis κλέψῃ, καὶ θύσῃ, καὶ ἀπολέσῃ 1 steal and kill and destroy Here, Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If this would be misunderstood in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “he might steal and kill and destroy the sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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JHN 10 10 zho7 writing-pronouns ἔχωσιν 1 Here, **they** refers to the sheep, which is a metaphor for God’s people. If it would be clearer in your language, you could say the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “the sheep might have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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JHN 10 10 j2k6 figs-explicit ἵνα ζωὴν ἔχωσιν 1 so that they will have life Here, **life** refers to eternal **life**. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “so that they might have eternal life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JHN 10 10 fnu5 figs-explicit καὶ περισσὸν ἔχωσιν 1 Here, **abundantly** implies that the eternal **life** Jesus’ followers will receive has more blessings than anyone could expect. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning explicitly. Alternate translation: “and might have it with abundant blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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JHN 10 11 x196 0 Connecting Statement: In [verses 11–18](../10/11.md), Jesus uses ideas from the parable he told in [verses 1–5](../10/01.md) to proclaim that he is the good shepherd who leads his sheep to heaven and takes care of them.
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JHN 10 11 xs4m figs-metaphor ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός 1 I am the good shepherd Here, Jesus uses the phrase **good shepherd** figuratively to refer to himself. Just as a **good shepherd** takes care of his **sheep**, Jesus takes care of his followers. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile. Alternate translation: “I am like a good shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 11 xs4m figs-metaphor ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός 1 I am the good shepherd Jesus uses the phrase **good shepherd** figuratively to refer to himself. Just as a **good shepherd** takes care of his **sheep**, Jesus takes care of his followers. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile. Alternate translation: “I am like a good shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 11 llr4 figs-euphemism τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ τίθησιν 1 lays down his life Here, Jesus uses **lays down his life** to refer to voluntarily dying. This is a polite way of referring to something unpleasant. If this would be misunderstood in your language, you could use a different polite way of referring to this or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “voluntarily dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JHN 10 11 p4tv figs-metaphor τῶν προβάτων 1 lays down his life See how you translated **sheep** in the [verse 8](../10/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 12 ym8w figs-metaphor ὁ μισθωτὸς 1 The hired servant Here, Jesus uses the phrase **hired servant** figuratively to refer to the Jewish leaders and teachers. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile or say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Each of your leaders is like a hired servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 12 ym8w figs-metaphor ὁ μισθωτὸς 1 The hired servant Jesus uses the phrase **hired servant** figuratively to refer to the Jewish leaders and teachers. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile or say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Each of your leaders is like a hired servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 12 n6ci figs-activepassive ὁ μισθωτὸς 1 The hired servant If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man whom someone hired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JHN 10 12 bbwn translate-unknown τὸν λύκον…ὁ λύκος 1 The hired servant A **wolf** is a fierce wild dog that is known for attacking and devouring livestock. If your readers would not be familiar with this animal, you could use the name of a fierce predator or wild dog in your area that commonly eats farmers’ livestock, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “the fierce predator … that predator” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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JHN 10 12 ue4m figs-metaphor τὰ πρόβατα…τὰ πρόβατα 1 abandons the sheep See how you translated **sheep** in the [verse 8](../10/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 12 j3rc grammar-connect-time-sequential ὁ λύκος ἁρπάζει αὐτὰ καὶ σκορπίζει 1 This clause describes two events. The first event causes the second event. When **the wolf** attacks and **seizes** a sheep, the other sheep scatter. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could show this relationship by using a fuller phrase. Alternate translation: “the wolf seizes a sheep and then the rest of the sheep scatter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential]])
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JHN 10 13 ra00 figs-activepassive μισθωτός 1 See how you translated a similar phrase in the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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JHN 10 13 szr8 figs-metaphor οὐ μέλει αὐτῷ περὶ τῶν προβάτων 1 does not care for the sheep Here, Jesus compares a **hired man** who abandons **the sheep** to the Jewish leaders and teachers who do not care for God’s people. See how you translated **sheep** in the [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “he is not concerned about the sheep, just like your leaders are not concerned about God’s people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 13 szr8 figs-metaphor οὐ μέλει αὐτῷ περὶ τῶν προβάτων 1 does not care for the sheep Jesus compares a **hired man** who abandons **the sheep** to the Jewish leaders and teachers who do not care for God’s people. See how you translated **sheep** in the [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “he is not concerned about the sheep, just like your leaders are not concerned about God’s people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 14 fg93 figs-metaphor ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός 1 I am the good shepherd See how you translated this in [verse 11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: “I am like a good shepherd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 15 qr9g guidelines-sonofgodprinciples ὁ Πατὴρ…τὸν Πατέρα 1 The Father knows me, and I know the Father **Father** is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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JHN 10 15 pn9w figs-euphemism τὴν ψυχήν μου τίθημι 1 I lay down my life for the sheep See how you translated the similar phrase in [verse 11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: “I voluntarily die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JHN 10 15 mwpf figs-metaphor τῶν προβάτων 1 I lay down my life for the sheep See how you translated this phrase in the [verse 8](../10/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 y3g7 figs-metaphor ἄλλα πρόβατα ἔχω 1 I have other sheep Here, Jesus uses **other sheep** figuratively to refer to his followers who are not Jews. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “I have disciples from a different group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 la1v figs-metaphor τῆς αὐλῆς ταύτης 1 I have other sheep Here, Jesus uses **sheep pen** figuratively to refer to the people of Israel. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for this chapter. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the Jewish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 y3g7 figs-metaphor ἄλλα πρόβατα ἔχω 1 I have other sheep Jesus uses **other sheep** figuratively to refer to his followers who are not Jews. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “I have disciples from a different group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 la1v figs-metaphor τῆς αὐλῆς ταύτης 1 I have other sheep Jesus uses **sheep pen** figuratively to refer to the people of Israel. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for this chapter. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the Jewish people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 v95z figs-ellipsis κἀκεῖνα…ἀγαγεῖν 1 I have other sheep Jesus is leaving out some of the words that this phrase would need in many languages to be complete. If this would be misunderstood in your language, you could supply these words from the context. This could mean: (1) Jesus will bring them to himself, as in the UST. (2) Jesus will bring them to God. Alternate translation: “to bring them also to God”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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JHN 10 16 kq11 figs-metaphor τῆς φωνῆς μου ἀκούσουσιν 1 I have other sheep Here, **hear** means listening to something with the intent to heed it and respond appropriately. See how you translated this word in [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “they will heed my voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 w86n figs-metaphor μία ποίμνη 1 one flock and one shepherd Here, Jesus uses **flock** figuratively to refer to all of his followers, including Jews and non-Jews, as if they are one group like a **flock** of **sheep**. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile or say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 bobi figs-metaphor εἷς ποιμήν 1 one flock and one shepherd Here, Jesus uses **shepherd** figuratively to refer to himself. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for the chapter. See also how you translated **shepherd** in [verse 11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: “one group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 kq11 figs-metaphor τῆς φωνῆς μου ἀκούσουσιν 1 I have other sheep Here, **hear** refers to listening to something with the intent to heed it and respond appropriately. See how you translated this word in [verse 8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “they will heed my voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 w86n figs-metaphor μία ποίμνη 1 one flock and one shepherd Jesus uses **flock** figuratively to refer to all of his followers, including Jews and non-Jews, as if they are one group like a **flock** of **sheep**. If this might confuse your readers, you could use a simile or say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 16 bobi figs-metaphor εἷς ποιμήν 1 one flock and one shepherd Jesus uses **shepherd** figuratively to refer to himself. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for the chapter. See also how you translated **shepherd** in [verse 11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: “one group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 17 kd16 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes speaking to the crowd.
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JHN 10 17 i59j figs-infostructure διὰ τοῦτό, με ὁ Πατὴρ ἀγαπᾷ, ὅτι ἐγὼ τίθημι τὴν ψυχήν μου, ἵνα πάλιν λάβω αὐτήν 1 Here, **this** refers to all the information in the second clause. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “Because I lay down my life so that I might take it up again, the Father loves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure]])
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JHN 10 17 kpr5 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Πατὴρ 1 Father **Father** is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
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JHN 10 17 wc4l figs-euphemism ἐγὼ τίθημι τὴν ψυχήν μου 1 I lay down my life so that I may take it again See how you translated the similar phrase in [verse 11](../10/11.md). Alternate translation: “I voluntarily die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JHN 10 17 s9ck figs-metaphor ἵνα πάλιν λάβω αὐτήν 1 so that I may take it again Here, Jesus figuratively refers to becoming alive again as if life were an object that he could **take up**. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “so that I might cause myself to be alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 17 s9ck figs-metaphor ἵνα πάλιν λάβω αὐτήν 1 so that I may take it again Jesus figuratively refers to becoming alive again as if life were an object that he could **take up**. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “so that I might cause myself to be alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 18 z4xh figs-metaphor οὐδεὶς ἦρεν αὐτὴν ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ 1 Here Jesus refers to his life figuratively as if it were an object that someone could take away. If this might confuse your readers, you could say the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “No one is causing me to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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JHN 10 18 rnj4 figs-euphemism ἐγὼ τίθημι αὐτὴν…θεῖναι αὐτήν 1 I lay it down of myself See how you translated the similar phrase in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “I voluntarily die … to voluntarily die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
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JHN 10 18 j945 figs-rpronouns ἐγὼ τίθημι αὐτὴν ἀπ’ ἐμαυτοῦ 1 I lay it down of myself The reflexive pronoun **myself** is used here to emphasize that Jesus voluntarily lays down his own life. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I myself lay it down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
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