Aaron's edits to PRO (#3175)
Co-authored-by: avaldizan <avaldizan@noreply.door43.org> Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richmahn@users.noreply.github.com> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3175
This commit is contained in:
parent
e79e845222
commit
cdd11db3d7
568
tn_PRO.tsv
568
tn_PRO.tsv
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
||||||
Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
|
Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
|
||||||
front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Proverbs\n\n1. Introduction and purpose for Proverbs (1:1–7)\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n3. Proverbs from Solomon (10:1–22:16)\n4. Sayings from wise men (22:17–24:22)\n5. More sayings from wise men (24:23–34)\n6. Hezekiah’s proverbs from Solomon (25:1–29:27)\n7. Sayings from Agur (30:1–33)\n8. Sayings from Lemuel (31:1–9)\n9. Description of a good and capable wife (31:10–31)\n\n### What is the Book of Proverbs about?\n\nThe Book of Proverbs is a collection of proverbs. A proverb is a saying that gives wise advice or teaches something that is generally true about life. Most societies have their own proverbs and may use specific language that indicates something is a proverb. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe title of this book is often translated as “Proverbs.” A more general translation would be “Sayings for Wise People,” “Wise Sayings,” or something similar.\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Proverbs?\n\nProverbs begins with the words, “The Proverbs of Solomon, son of David and King of Israel.” However, Solomon did not write all of the proverbs in this book. Unnamed wise men wrote the proverbs in [22:17](../22/17.md)–[24:34](../24/34.md). Agur the son of Jakeh wrote the proverbs in [30:1–33](../30/01.md) and King Lemuel wrote the proverbs in [31:1–31](../31/01.md).\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What is meant by “wisdom” and “foolishness” in the Book of Proverbs?\n\n“Wisdom” refers to understanding and doing what is true and morally right. A wise person understands and does what Yahweh considers to be right. Anyone living in this way will also learn to live well with other people and to make good practical decisions in life. Those who fail to live in this way are called “foolish.” For this reason, it is possible for a person to be very intelligent and still be foolish. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]])\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Parallelism\n\nMany proverbs have two parts that have a relationship to each other. The second part may strengthen the first part, give more details about the first part, or say what seems to be the opposite of the first part. Translators should take into account that each proverb is also part of a larger group of proverbs. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])\n\n### Personification\n\nIn Proverbs, certain qualities such as wisdom and stupidity are often represented as if they were human. [Proverbs 1:20–33](../01/20.md), [3:15–18](../03/15.md), [4:6–9](../04/06.md), and [8:1](../08/01.md)–[9:12](../09/12.md) refer to wisdom as if it were a woman. [Proverbs 9:13–18](../09/13.md) refers to stupidity as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent these qualities, the translator should translate in this way. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom or folly would be presented as being like a wise or stupid woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Proverbs\n\n1. Introduction and purpose for Proverbs (1:1–7)\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n3. Proverbs from Solomon (10:1–22:16)\n4. Sayings from wise men (22:17–24:22)\n5. More sayings from wise men (24:23–34)\n6. Hezekiah’s proverbs from Solomon (25:1–29:27)\n7. Sayings from Agur (30:1–33)\n8. Sayings from Lemuel (31:1–9)\n9. Description of a good and capable wife (31:10–31)\n\n### What is the Book of Proverbs about?\n\nThe Book of Proverbs is a collection of proverbs. A proverb is a saying that gives wise advice or teaches something that is generally true about life. Most societies have their own proverbs and may use specific language that indicates something is a proverb. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe title of this book is often translated as “Proverbs.” A more general translation would be “Sayings for Wise People,” “Wise Sayings,” or something similar.\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Proverbs?\n\nProverbs begins with the words, “The Proverbs of Solomon, son of David and King of Israel.” However, Solomon did not write all of the proverbs in this book. Unnamed wise men wrote the proverbs in [22:17](../22/17.md)–[24:34](../24/34.md). Agur the son of Jakeh wrote the proverbs in [30:1–33](../30/01.md) and King Lemuel wrote the proverbs in [31:1–31](../31/01.md).\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What is meant by “wisdom” and “foolishness” in the Book of Proverbs?\n\n“Wisdom” refers to understanding and doing what is true and morally right. A wise person understands and does what Yahweh considers to be right. Anyone living in this way will also learn to live well with other people and to make good practical decisions in life. Those who fail to live in this way are called “foolish.” For this reason, it is possible for a person to be very intelligent and still be foolish. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]])\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Parallelism\n\nMany proverbs have two parts that have a relationship to each other. The second part may strengthen the first part, give more details about the first part, or say what seems to be the opposite of the first part. Translators should take into account that each proverb is also part of a larger group of proverbs. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])\n\n### Personification\n\nIn Proverbs, certain qualities such as wisdom and stupidity are often represented as if they were human. [Proverbs 1:20–33](../01/20.md), [3:15–18](../03/15.md), [4:6–9](../04/06.md), and [8:1](../08/01.md)–[9:12](../09/12.md) refer to wisdom as if it were a woman. [Proverbs 9:13–18](../09/13.md) refers to stupidity as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent these qualities, the translator should translate in this way. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom or folly would be presented as being like a wise or stupid woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||||
1:intro y4et 0 # Proverbs 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n1. Introduction and purpose for Proverbs (1:1–7)\n * Title (1:1)\n * The Purpose of Proverbs (1:2–6)\n * Main Theme: Fearing Yahweh is essential to being wise (1:7)\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [1:20–33](../01/20.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
1:intro y4et 0 # Proverbs 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n1. Introduction and purpose for Proverbs (1:1–7)\n * Title (1:1)\n * The Purpose of Proverbs (1:2–6)\n * Main Theme: Fearing Yahweh is essential to being wise (1:7)\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [1:20–33](../01/20.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||||
1:1 ej1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מִ֭שְׁלֵי שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “These are the proverbs of Solomon”
|
1:1 ej1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מִ֭שְׁלֵי שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “These are the proverbs of Solomon”
|
||||||
1:1 q6pn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִ֭שְׁלֵי שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה 1 Here, the author is using the possessive form to describe **proverbs** that were written by **Solomon**. If this is not clear in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The proverbs that were written by Solomon”
|
1:1 q6pn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִ֭שְׁלֵי שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה 1 Here, the author is using the possessive form to describe **proverbs** that were written by **Solomon**. If this is not clear in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The proverbs that were written by Solomon”
|
||||||
1:2 sah7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לָדַ֣עַת חָכְמָ֣ה וּמוּסָ֑ר 1 [1:2–6](../01/02.md) are one long sentence that lacks some of the words that a sentence in many languages would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “The purposes of proverbs are to know wisdom and instruction”
|
1:2 sah7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לָדַ֣עַת חָכְמָ֣ה וּמוּסָ֑ר 1 [1:2–6](../01/02.md) are one long sentence that lacks some of the words that a sentence in many languages would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “The purposes of proverbs are to know wisdom and instruction”
|
||||||
|
@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
||||||
1:33 pspz rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְשֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ 1 **But** here indicates a strong contrast between **the one who listens** and “the naive ones,” who were mentioned in the previous verse. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “However, the one who listens”
|
1:33 pspz rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְשֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ 1 **But** here indicates a strong contrast between **the one who listens** and “the naive ones,” who were mentioned in the previous verse. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “However, the one who listens”
|
||||||
1:33 kho1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה 1 Here, the possessive form describes **dread** that a person has for **evil**. If this is not clear in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from dreading evil”
|
1:33 kho1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה 1 Here, the possessive form describes **dread** that a person has for **evil**. If this is not clear in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from dreading evil”
|
||||||
1:33 zjk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **dread** in [1:26](../01/26.md) and **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
|
1:33 zjk2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִפַּ֥חַד רָעָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **dread** in [1:26](../01/26.md) and **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||||
2:intro wr6i 0 # Proverbs 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crimes or adultery (2:1–22)
|
2:intro wr6i 0 # Proverbs 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crimes or adultery (2:1–22)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.
|
||||||
2:1 ku26 בְּ֭נִי 1 In [2:1](../02/01.md)–[7:27](../07/27.md), Solomon continues addressing his **son** directly, as he had previously in [1:8–19](../01/08.md).
|
2:1 ku26 בְּ֭נִי 1 In [2:1](../02/01.md)–[7:27](../07/27.md), Solomon continues addressing his **son** directly, as he had previously in [1:8–19](../01/08.md).
|
||||||
2:1 fkcl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אִם 1 Here, **if** indicates the beginning of a conditional sentence that extends from this verse to [2:5](../02/05.md). This is the first of three **if** clauses in this long sentence. If it would be clearer in your language, you could divide this long sentence into shorter sentences and indicate the condition along with the result in [2:5](../02/05.md), as in the UST.
|
2:1 fkcl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אִם 1 Here, **if** indicates the beginning of a conditional sentence that extends from this verse to [2:5](../02/05.md). This is the first of three **if** clauses in this long sentence. If it would be clearer in your language, you could divide this long sentence into shorter sentences and indicate the condition along with the result in [2:5](../02/05.md), as in the UST.
|
||||||
2:1 jh3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י תִּצְפֹּ֥ן אִתָּֽךְ 1 Valuing the father’s **commandments** is spoken of as if the **commandments** were a treasure and the person were a safe place to store that treasure. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and consider my commandments to be as valuable as a treasure”
|
2:1 jh3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י תִּצְפֹּ֥ן אִתָּֽךְ 1 Valuing the father’s **commandments** is spoken of as if the **commandments** were a treasure and the person were a safe place to store that treasure. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and consider my commandments to be as valuable as a treasure”
|
||||||
|
@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
||||||
2:22 mnw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ &יִסְּח֥וּ 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The context indicates that God will do the action. Alternate translation: “God will cut off … God will tear away”
|
2:22 mnw9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ &יִסְּח֥וּ 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The context indicates that God will do the action. Alternate translation: “God will cut off … God will tear away”
|
||||||
2:22 r5sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ & יִסְּח֥וּ 1 Solomon speaks of Yahweh removing people from **the land** as if he were cutting those people off, like a person cuts a branch from a tree, or as if he were tearing those people away, like a person violently pulls someone off of something. Solomon does not state if these people are removed by being killed or by being forced to leave **the land**, so it is best to use general expressions for these phrases. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be removed … will be taken away”
|
2:22 r5sm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ & יִסְּח֥וּ 1 Solomon speaks of Yahweh removing people from **the land** as if he were cutting those people off, like a person cuts a branch from a tree, or as if he were tearing those people away, like a person violently pulls someone off of something. Solomon does not state if these people are removed by being killed or by being forced to leave **the land**, so it is best to use general expressions for these phrases. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be removed … will be taken away”
|
||||||
2:22 w94m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵאֶ֣רֶץ & מִמֶּֽנָּה 1 See how you translated **the land** and **it** in the previous verse.
|
2:22 w94m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מֵאֶ֣רֶץ & מִמֶּֽנָּה 1 See how you translated **the land** and **it** in the previous verse.
|
||||||
3:intro a94e 0 # Proverbs 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [3:15–18](../03/15.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
3:intro a94e 0 # Proverbs 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [3:15–18](../03/15.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||||
3:1 tjcg בְּ֭נִי 1 From [2:1](../02/01.md) to [7:27](../07/27.md), Solomon addresses his **son** directly, as he had previously in [1:8–19](../01/08.md). [3:1](../03/01.md) continues these direct instructions.
|
3:1 tjcg בְּ֭נִי 1 From [2:1](../02/01.md) to [7:27](../07/27.md), Solomon addresses his **son** directly, as he had previously in [1:8–19](../01/08.md). [3:1](../03/01.md) continues these direct instructions.
|
||||||
3:1 p6r4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism תּוֹרָתִ֣י אַל־תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י יִצֹּ֥ר לִבֶּֽךָ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “do not forget my law, yes, my commandments let your heart guard”
|
3:1 p6r4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism תּוֹרָתִ֣י אַל־תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י יִצֹּ֥ר לִבֶּֽךָ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “do not forget my law, yes, my commandments let your heart guard”
|
||||||
3:1 jvym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes אַל־תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח 1 Here, Solomon uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning positively, as in the UST.
|
3:1 jvym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes אַל־תִּשְׁכָּ֑ח 1 Here, Solomon uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning positively, as in the UST.
|
||||||
|
@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
||||||
3:35 y7vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִנְחָ֑לוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of wise people receiving **honor** as if **honor** were property or wealth that they could **inherit** from a family member. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Wise ones will receive honor”
|
3:35 y7vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִנְחָ֑לוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of wise people receiving **honor** as if **honor** were property or wealth that they could **inherit** from a family member. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Wise ones will receive honor”
|
||||||
3:35 ly3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּ֭בוֹד & קָלֽוֹן 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **honor** and **dishonor**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **honor** in [3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “what is honorable … what is dishonorable”
|
3:35 ly3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּ֭בוֹד & קָלֽוֹן 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **honor** and **dishonor**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **honor** in [3:16](../03/16.md). Alternate translation: “what is honorable … what is dishonorable”
|
||||||
3:35 b6jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵרִ֥ים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **stupid** people receiving **dishonor** as if their **dishonor** was lifted up for everyone to see. If it would be helpful in your language, you cold express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will receive”
|
3:35 b6jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵרִ֥ים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **stupid** people receiving **dishonor** as if their **dishonor** was lifted up for everyone to see. If it would be helpful in your language, you cold express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will receive”
|
||||||
4:intro z4ah 0 # Proverbs 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [4:6–9](../04/06.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])\n
|
4:intro z4ah 0 # Proverbs 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Personification\n\nIn [4:6–9](../04/06.md), wisdom is referred to as if it were a woman. In languages where it is possible for a woman figure to represent an abstract concept like wisdom, the translator should translate the personification directly. However, if direct translation is not possible in your language, you may translate these personifications as similes instead. In that case, wisdom would be presented as being like a wise woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])\n
|
||||||
4:1 ik8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שִׁמְע֣וּ 1 See how you translated **Hear** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
4:1 ik8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שִׁמְע֣וּ 1 See how you translated **Hear** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||||
4:1 hqv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָ֭נִים 1 Throughout chapters 1–9, Solomon alternates between using the plural **sons** and singular “son.” Many scholars think that Solomon does this in order to indicate that he is not only instructing one of his sons, but all of his readers as well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “you children”
|
4:1 hqv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָ֭נִים 1 Throughout chapters 1–9, Solomon alternates between using the plural **sons** and singular “son.” Many scholars think that Solomon does this in order to indicate that he is not only instructing one of his sons, but all of his readers as well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “you children”
|
||||||
4:1 rao5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֣וּסַר & בִּינָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **instruction** and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
|
4:1 rao5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֣וּסַר & בִּינָֽה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **instruction** and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||||
|
@ -479,206 +479,366 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
||||||
4:27 vmyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor אַֽל־תֵּט־יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול הָסֵ֖ר רַגְלְךָ֣ מֵרָֽע 1 In this verse, Solomon continues to make an extended comparison between how a person behaves and a person walking on a path that he should not **veer** or **turn away from**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not stop behaving rightly, make yourself avoid doing evil”
|
4:27 vmyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor אַֽל־תֵּט־יָמִ֥ין וּשְׂמֹ֑אול הָסֵ֖ר רַגְלְךָ֣ מֵרָֽע 1 In this verse, Solomon continues to make an extended comparison between how a person behaves and a person walking on a path that he should not **veer** or **turn away from**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not stop behaving rightly, make yourself avoid doing evil”
|
||||||
4:27 j3tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche רַגְלְךָ֣ 1 See how you translated the same use of **foot** in the previous verse.
|
4:27 j3tn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche רַגְלְךָ֣ 1 See how you translated the same use of **foot** in the previous verse.
|
||||||
4:27 jh5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מֵרָֽע 1 See how you translated **from evil** in [3:7](../03/07.md).
|
4:27 jh5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מֵרָֽע 1 See how you translated **from evil** in [3:7](../03/07.md).
|
||||||
5:intro jxf1 0 # Proverbs 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.\n\n### Adulteress\n\nThis chapter is unusual because it holds a theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. An adulteress is a woman who commits adultery. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])
|
5:intro jxf1 0 # Proverbs 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n### Adulteress\n\nThis chapter repeatedly warns young men to avoid any adulterous woman, who is called “strange” and “foreign.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Euphemism\n\nIn [5:15–20](../05/15.md), Solomon uses several euphemisms to refer to sexual activity between a man and his wife or an adulterous woman. Although the UST expresses the meaning of these euphemisms plainly, only do so if sexual language would not be offensive in your culture. It is usually best to use a euphemism from your own language that means the same thing.
|
||||||
5:1 vi27 0 # General Information:\n\nThe writer speaks as a father teaching his children.
|
5:1 lh1j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism לְחָכְמָתִ֣י הַקְשִׁ֑יבָה לִ֝תְבוּנָתִ֗י הַט־אָזְנֶֽךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “listen attentively to my wisdom, yes, incline your ear to my understanding”\n
|
||||||
5:1 nl9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche incline your ears 0 Here the word “ears” represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ears are closer to the one speaking. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: “listen attentively” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:1 vi27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְחָכְמָתִ֣י & לִ֝תְבוּנָתִ֗י 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||||
5:2 cei4 discretion 0 Discretion is the quality of being careful with regard to one’s actions and speech. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 1:4](../01/04.md).
|
5:1 ks50 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְחָכְמָתִ֣י & לִ֝תְבוּנָתִ֗י 1 Here, **my wisdom** and **my understanding** refer to the wise lessons that Solomon teaches his **son** and what he tells his **son** to understand. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to my wise lessons …\n to what I tell you to understand”
|
||||||
5:2 la7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche your lips may protect knowledge 0 Here the word “lips” represents the person who speaks. The writer speaks of a person being careful only to say what is true as if the person’s lips were protecting knowledge. Alternate translation: “you will speak only what is true” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:1 nl9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַט־אָזְנֶֽךָ 1 See how you translated this idiom in [4:20](../04/20.md).
|
||||||
5:3 zxr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the lips of an adulteress drip with honey 0 This could mean: (1) the word “lips” represents the words of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the attractiveness of her words as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate translation: “the words of an adulteress are sweet, as if dripping with honey” or (2) the writer speaks of the allure of kissing the adulteress as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate translation: “the kisses of an adulteress are sweet, as if her lips dripped with honey” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:2 ntln rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִשְׁמֹ֥ר מְזִמּ֑וֹת וְ֝דַ֗עַת & יִנְצֹֽרוּ 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of **discretion** as if it were an object that someone should **keep**, and **knowledge** as if it were an object that someone’s **lips** should **guard**. He means that he wants his son to preserve or remember what he has taught him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in order to preserve discretion, and your lips may preserve knowledge”
|
||||||
5:3 z9rm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy her mouth is smoother than oil 0 This could mean: (1) the word “mouth” represents the speech of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the persuasiveness of her speech as if her mouth were smoother than olive oil. Alternate translation: “her speech is persuasive and smoother than olive oil” or (2) the writer speaks of the pleasure of kissing the adulteress as if her mouth were smoother than oil. Alternate translation: “her kisses are smoother than olive oil” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:2 cei4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מְזִמּ֑וֹת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **discretion** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
|
||||||
5:4 pd3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor but in the end she is as bitter as wormwood 0 The writer speaks of the harm that comes from having a relationship with an adulteress as if she tasted as bitter as wormwood. Alternate translation: “but in the end, she is like bitter-tasting wormwood and will cause you harm”
|
5:2 la7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְ֝דַ֗עַת שְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ יִנְצֹֽרוּ 1 Here, **lips** represents the person who speaks by moving the **lips**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you may guard knowledge by what you say”
|
||||||
5:4 m3sn wormwood 0 a plant that tastes bitter
|
5:2 uilu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝דַ֗עַת 1 Here, **knowledge** refers to what the son has learned from his father. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and … what you have learned”\n
|
||||||
5:4 jy84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor cutting like a sharp sword 0 The writer speaks of the pain that the adulteress will cause to the one who has a relationship with her as if she were a sharp weapon that cuts the person. Alternate translation: “she wounds a person, as if she were a sharp sword”
|
5:3 fyuw rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is a reason why someone should obey the commands introduced in [5:1](../05/01.md). Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do what I say because”\n
|
||||||
5:5 kc88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Her feet go down to death 0 Here “her feet” represent the adulteress as she walks. The writer speaks of her conduct as if she were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “She is walking along a path that leads to death” or “Her lifestyle leads to death” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:3 zxr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂפְתֵ֣י זָרָ֑ה & חִכָּֽהּ 1 Here, **lips** and **palate** represent the words that the **strange woman** speaks. If it would be helpful in your language, you cold express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what a strange woman says … is what she says”
|
||||||
5:5 g7qf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor her steps go all the way to Sheol 0 The writer speaks of her conduct as if she were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “she walks all the way to Sheol” or “her conduct takes her all the way to Sheol”
|
5:3 dvhv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor זָרָ֑ה 1 See how you translated **strange woman** in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||||
5:6 nxc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor She gives no thought to the path of life 0 The writer speaks of behavior that gives a person long life as if it were a path that leads to life. Alternate translation: “She does not think about walking along the path that leads to life” or “She is not concerned about conduct that leads to life”
|
5:3 z9rm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נֹ֣פֶת תִּ֭טֹּפְנָה & וְחָלָ֖ק מִשֶּׁ֣מֶן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the tempting words that the **strange woman** speaks is as if what she says is like **fresh honey** and **oil**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “are delightful like fresh honey and more pleasant than oil”
|
||||||
5:6 iki3 Her footsteps wander 0 This could mean: (1) “She wanders about as if she were lost” or (2) “She walks along the wrong path.”
|
5:4 p23o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְֽ֭אַחֲרִיתָהּ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe the **aftermath** of having a sexual relationship with an adulterous woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the aftermath of having a sexual relationship with her”
|
||||||
5:7 dwp8 Now 0 Here the teacher shifts from warning about the adulteress to giving advice.
|
5:4 m3sn rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַֽלַּעֲנָ֑ה 1 The word **wormwood** refers to a plant that tastes bitter. People made medicine out of it, but they also believed that it was poisonous. If your readers would not be familiar with this plant, you could use the name of a bitter-tasting plant in your area, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “like a bitter-tasting plant”\n
|
||||||
5:7 ry9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism listen to me … do not turn away from listening 0 These two phrases express the same idea to make the student pay attention.
|
5:4 pd3g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מָרָ֣ה כַֽלַּעֲנָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon compares the harm that comes from having a relationship with an adulterous woman to tasting bitter **wormwood**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is harmful like bitter-tasting wormwood”
|
||||||
5:7 e4q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor do not turn away from listening 0 The writer speaks of stopping an action as if the person physically turned away from it. Alternate translation: “do not stop listening”
|
5:4 j9aa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “her aftermath is sharp like a sword with mouths”
|
||||||
5:7 ih1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the words of my mouth 0 Here the word “mouth” represents the person who is speaking. Alternate translation: “my words” or “what I am saying”
|
5:4 fcsc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת 1 The phrase **sword of mouths** refers to a **sword** with a blade that is sharp on both sides. Each side can cut a person like a mouth that bites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “sharp like a sword with a blade that is sharp on both sides”
|
||||||
5:8 y32e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Keep your path far away from her 0 Here the word “path” represents the person’s daily conduct and circumstances. Alternate translation: “Keep yourself far away from her” or “Stay away from her”
|
5:4 jy84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חַ֝דָּ֗ה כְּחֶ֣רֶב פִּיּֽוֹת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the pain that the adulteress will cause to the one who has a relationship with her as if it were a **sharp** **sword** that cuts the person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it wounds a person, as if it were a sharp sword of mouths”
|
||||||
5:8 jw5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche do not come near the door of her house 0 Here “the door of her house” represents the house itself. It may be more appropriate to use the word “go” instead of “come” since the latter might imply that the speaker is at the door of her house. Alternate translation: “do not go near the door of her house” or “do not even go near her house” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
|
5:5 uyhc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism רַ֭גְלֶיהָ יֹרְד֣וֹת מָ֑וֶת שְׁ֝א֗וֹל צְעָדֶ֥יהָ יִתְמֹֽכוּ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Her feet are going down to death; yes, her steps take hold of Sheol”
|
||||||
5:9 pl7u In that way 0 “If you do this.” This phrase refers to what he has just said in previous verses.
|
5:5 kc88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רַ֭גְלֶיהָ יֹרְד֣וֹת מָ֑וֶת שְׁ֝א֗וֹל צְעָדֶ֥יהָ יִתְמֹֽכוּ 1 The phrases **her feet** and **her steps** could refer to: (1) the behavior of the adulterous woman as if she were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “Her lifestyle goes down to death; her way of living takes hold of Sheol” (2) the adulterous woman. Alternate translation: “She goes down to death; she takes hold of Sheol”
|
||||||
5:9 b54w you will not give away your honor to others 0 Possible meanings for the word **honor** are: (1) it refers to one’s reputation. Alternate translation: “You will not lose your good reputation among other people” or (2) it refers to one’s wealth and possessions. Alternate translation: “You will not give away your wealth to other people” or (3) it refers to strength and represents the prime years of one’s life. Alternate translation: “You will not give away the best times of your life to other people”
|
5:5 u7m0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יֹרְד֣וֹת מָ֑וֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the behavior of the adulterous woman causer her death and the death of whoever commits adultery with her as if they were going on a path that leads**down to death**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “result in death” or “cause them to die”
|
||||||
5:9 bc5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis or years of your life to a cruel person 0 The writer speaks of a person dying prematurely, possibly by murder, as if the years of his life were items that he gives away to another person. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “or give years of your life to a cruel person” or “or cause a cruel person to kill you while you are still young” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:5 g7qf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification שְׁ֝א֗וֹל & יִתְמֹֽכוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the behavior of the adulterous woman causing her death and the death of whoever commits adultery with her as if they were taking **hold of Sheol**, which is the place where people’s spirits go when they die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “result in death” or “cause them to die”
|
||||||
5:9 yb9a a cruel person 0 This may refer to the husband of the adulteress, who will deal cruelly with the person who sleeps with her.
|
5:6 yot0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים פֶּן־תְּפַלֵּ֑ס 1 **Lest** here implies that the adulterous woman has an aversion to **the path of life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “She refuses to observe the path of life”
|
||||||
5:10 d9br rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor strangers will not feast on your wealth 0 The writer speaks of people taking and enjoying another person’s wealth as if they were feasting on the wealth. Alternate translation: “strangers will not take all of your wealth”
|
5:6 nxc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים פֶּן־תְּפַלֵּ֑ס 1 Here, Solomon speaks of behavior that results in living a long **life** as if it were a **path** that leads to **life** and can be observed. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Lest she cares about behavior that leads to life”\n
|
||||||
5:10 ksf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy what you have worked for will not go into the house of strangers 0 Here the word “house” represents the person’s family. Alternate translation: “the things that you have obtained will not end up belonging to the families of strangers”
|
5:6 iki3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֝עְגְּלֹתֶ֗יהָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **tracks** in [2:15](../02/15.md).
|
||||||
5:11 la5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet your flesh and your body waste away 0 The words “flesh” and “body” mean basically the same thing and represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “your body wastes away” or “you waste away”
|
5:7 dwp8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְעַתָּ֣ה 1 **And now** here indicates a transition from the description of the adulterous woman in [5:3–6](../05/03.md) to the call to pay attention that follows. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a transition. Alternate translation: “Next”
|
||||||
5:11 i4yh waste away 0 Alternate translation: “physically wear down” or “become weak and unhealthy”
|
5:7 ry9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְעַתָּ֣ה בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י וְאַל־תָּ֝ס֗וּרוּ מֵאִמְרֵי־פִֽי 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “And now, sons, listen to me; yes, do not turn aside from the sayings of my mouth”\n
|
||||||
5:12 x4di rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I hated instruction … my heart despised correction 0 These two phrases express the same idea and emphasize how much this person disliked what the teacher had said.
|
5:7 lt5l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָ֭נִים 1 Throughout chapters 1–9, Solomon alternates between using the plural **sons** and singular “son.” Many scholars think that Solomon does this in order to indicate that he is not only instructing one of his **sons**, but all of his readers as well. See how you translated **sons** in [4:1](../04/01.md).\n
|
||||||
5:12 m4gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations How I hated instruction 0 The word “How” is an exclamation that emphasizes the strength of his hatred. The word “instruction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “I hated it so much when someone would instruct me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
5:7 e4q8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאַל־תָּ֝ס֗וּרוּ מֵאִמְרֵי־פִֽי 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone not listening to someone else as if the person physically turned **away** from what he was saying. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not stop listening to the sayings of my mouth”
|
||||||
5:12 b7lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche my heart despised correction 0 Here the word “heart” represents the person and his emotions. The word “correction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “I despised people when they corrected me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
5:7 zb82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes וְאַל־תָּ֝ס֗וּרוּ מֵאִמְרֵי־פִֽי 1 Here, Solomon uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning positively. Alternate translation: “and listen to the sayings of my mouth”\n
|
||||||
5:13 kvf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche incline my ear to my instructors 0 Here the word “ear” represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: “listen to those who instructed me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:7 ih1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מֵאִמְרֵי־פִֽי 1 See how you translated **the sayings of my mouth** in [4:5](../04/05.md).
|
||||||
5:14 he4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism in the midst of the assembly, among the gathering of the people 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to the person’s community that has gathered together either: (1) to worship God or (2) to judge him for his offense.
|
5:8 y32e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הַרְחֵ֣ק מֵעָלֶ֣יהָ דַרְכֶּ֑ךָ 1 Here, **way** represents the person and their daily activities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Keep yourself far away from her”
|
||||||
5:15 f76j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism water from your own cistern … running water from your own well 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The writer speaks of a man sleeping only with his wife as if he drank water only from his own cistern or well. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:8 rv57 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מֵעָלֶ֣יהָ & בֵּיתָֽהּ 1 In this verse, **her** refers to the adulterous woman described in [5:3–6](../05/03.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from an adulteress … the house of an adulteress”\n
|
||||||
5:15 t8av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor running water 0 The writer speaks of fresh or flowing water as if the water were running. Alternate translation: “fresh water” or “flowing water”
|
5:8 jw5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וְאַל־תִּ֝קְרַ֗ב 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “go” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “and do not go near”
|
||||||
5:16 pe1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should your springs … your streams of water flow in the public squares? 0 The writer asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that his son should not do these things. Alternate translation: “Your springs should not … your streams of water should not flow in the public squares.”
|
5:9 pl7u rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases פֶּן 1 **Lest** here indicates that what follows in this verse is what would happen to people if they do not obey the commands in the previous verse. Use a natural form in your language for connecting this statement to the previous one. Alternate translation: “If you do this, then”
|
||||||
5:16 u3ua rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism Should your springs … your streams of water flow in the public squares? 0 Here the words “springs” and “streams of water” are likely euphemisms for male reproductive fluids. Possible meanings for these metaphorical phrases are: (1) sleeping with women other than one’s wife is spoken of as if it were allowing one’s water to flow in the public streets or (2) having children with women other than one’s wife is spoken of as if it were allowing one’s water to flow in the public streets. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:9 b54w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּתֵּ֣ן לַאֲחֵרִ֣ים הוֹדֶ֑ךָ 1 Here, **splendor** could refer to: (1) everything that a person achieves during the time in a person’s life when he is the strongest, which would be the same meaning as **your years** in the next clause. Alternate translation: “you give to others your vigor” or “you give to others your achievements from your vigorous time of life” (2) a person’s reputation, in which case this clause would refer to a person getting a bad reputation. Alternate translation: “you will lose your good reputation with others”
|
||||||
5:16 ss2w public squares 0 Open areas in a city or town where two or more streets meet. A common place for people to meet each other and talk.
|
5:9 bc5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּ֝שְׁנֹתֶ֗יךָ 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and lest you give your years”
|
||||||
5:17 f7ge Let them be 0 The word “them” refers to the “springs” and “streams of water” and what they stand for.
|
5:9 bqa1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ֝שְׁנֹתֶ֗יךָ 1 Here, **your years** could refer to: (1) everything that a person achieves during the time in a person’s life when he is his healthiest and strongest. Alternate translation: “and all you have achieved in the best years of your life” (2) the **years** that a person is alive, meaning that **a cruel one** would kill this person. Alternate translation: “and your life”
|
||||||
5:17 s9wf not for strangers with you 0 Alternate translation: “do not share them with strangers”
|
5:9 dtlx rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לְאַכְזָרִֽי 1 Here, **a cruel one** could refer to: (1) one person, possibly the husband of the adulterous woman. Alternate translation: “a cruel person” or “a cruel man” (2) a group of **cruel** people who are called **others** in the previous clause. Alternate translation: “to cruel people”
|
||||||
5:18 xd81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor May your fountain be blessed 0 The writer speaks of the son’s wife as if she were a fountain. Here the word “blessed” refers to the sense of joy that the man has in his wife. Alternate translation: “May you always find joy with your wife”
|
5:10 j1mn rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases פֶּֽן 1 **Lest** here indicates that what follows in this verse is what would happen to people if they do not obey the commands in [5:8](../05/08.md). Use a natural form in your language for connecting this statement to the previous one. Alternate translation: “If you do this, then”
|
||||||
5:18 tz7f the wife of your youth 0 This could mean: (1) “the wife whom you married when you were young” or (2) “your young wife.”
|
5:10 d9br rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִשְׂבְּע֣וּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language, as in the UST.
|
||||||
5:19 n93j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor she is a loving deer and a graceful doe 0 The writer speaks of the son’s wife as if she were “a loving deer and a graceful doe.” Here “deer” and “doe” mean a female deer. They were symbols of beauty both in their appearance and in their movements. Alternate translation: “she is as beautiful and graceful as a deer or a doe” or “she is as beautiful and graceful as a female deer”
|
5:10 nxjm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כֹּחֶ֑ךָ 1 Here, **your strength** refers to everything that a person achieves during the time in a person’s life when he has the most **strength**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with what you achieved when you were strong”
|
||||||
5:19 dv45 graceful 0 This word does not mean “full of grace,” but “beautiful while moving.”
|
5:10 iftp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ֝עֲצָבֶ֗יךָ 1 Here, **your toils** refers to everything that a person earns by working hard. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and what you gain from toiling”
|
||||||
5:19 x1vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Let her breasts satisfy you 0 This could mean: (1) the wife’s breasts excite the husband’s sexual desire and possibly represent the wife’s entire body. Alternate translation: “Let her breasts satisfy your desires” or “Let her body satisfy your desires” or (2) this is a metaphor in which the writer speaks of the wife’s breasts satisfying the husband’s desires as they would satisfy the thirst of a hungry baby. Alternate translation: “Let her breasts fill you with delight as a mother’s breasts fill her child with food” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
5:10 ksf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּבֵ֣ית נָכְרִֽי 1 Here, **house** could refer to: (1) the **house** where the **foreigner** keeps the things he takes from this person, as in the UST. (2) the people who live in **the house of a foreigner**. Alternate translation: “be with the household or a foreigner”
|
||||||
5:19 pb8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive may you be continually intoxicated by her love 0 Intense excitement and joy from the romantic love of one’s wife is spoken of as if he was drunk from that love. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “let her love control you as alcohol controls someone who is drunk”
|
5:10 auzu rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns נָכְרִֽי 1 Here, **a foreigner** could refer to: (1) one person, possibly the adulterous woman or her husband. Alternate translation: “a foreign person” (2) a group of **foreign** people who are called **strangers** in the previous clause. Alternate translation: “to foreign people”
|
||||||
5:19 elf2 by her love 0 This could mean: (1) “by your love for her” or (2) “by her love for you.”
|
5:11 i4yh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism בְאַחֲרִיתֶ֑ךָ בִּכְל֥וֹת בְּ֝שָׂרְךָ֗ וּשְׁאֵרֶֽךָ 1 Here, Solomon is referring to dying in a polite way by using the word **end** and the phrase **your body and your flesh are finished**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to death in your language, or you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “at the time of your death, when your flesh and your body die”
|
||||||
5:20 d78f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion For why should you, my son, be captivated by an adulteress; why should you embrace the breasts of an immoral woman? 0 The writer asks these rhetorical questions to emphasize that his son must not do these things. Alternate translation: “My son, do not be captivated by an adulteress! Do not embrace the breasts of an immoral woman!”
|
5:11 la5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet בְּ֝שָׂרְךָ֗ וּשְׁאֵרֶֽךָ 1 The words **flesh** and **body** mean basically the same thing and represent the whole person. Solomon is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “you yourself”
|
||||||
5:20 z71k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive be captivated by an adulteress 0 Intense excitement that arises from the desire for a woman is spoken of as if he were being held captive by that woman. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “allow an adulteress to captivate you” or “allow an adulteress to fascinate you”
|
5:12 x4di rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שָׂנֵ֣אתִי מוּסָ֑ר וְ֝תוֹכַ֗חַת נָאַ֥ץ לִבִּֽי 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first clause by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “I hated correction, yes, my heart despised rebuke”\n
|
||||||
5:20 zr1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche why should you embrace the breasts of an immoral woman 0 Here the word “breasts” represents the immoral woman and her sexual attractiveness. Alternate translation: “why should you embrace an immoral woman”
|
5:12 m4gr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations אֵ֭יךְ שָׂנֵ֣אתִי מוּסָ֑ר 1 “How” here is an exclamation that emphasizes how much he **hated correction**. Use an exclamation that would communicate that meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “I hated correction so very much”
|
||||||
5:20 x9gw an immoral woman 0 This could mean: (1) “a woman who is not your wife” or (2) “a woman who is another man’s wife.”
|
5:12 pm48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסָ֑ר וְ֝תוֹכַ֗חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **correction** and **rebuke** in [3:11](../03/11.md).
|
||||||
5:21 jh86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism sees everything … watches all the paths 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God knows everything that everyone does.
|
5:12 b7lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבִּֽי 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
|
||||||
5:21 p1ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor all the paths he takes 0 The writer speaks of a person’s actions or lifestyle as if it were a path on which the person walks. Alternate translation: “everywhere he goes” or “everything he does”
|
5:13 t507 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְֽלֹא־שָׁ֭מַעְתִּי בְּק֣וֹל מוֹרָ֑י וְ֝לִֽמְלַמְּדַ֗י לֹא־הִטִּ֥יתִי אָזְנִֽי 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first clause by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “And I did not listen to the voice of my teachers, yes, to my instructors I did not incline my ear”
|
||||||
5:22 u9ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification A wicked person will be seized by his own iniquities 0 The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his iniquities as if those iniquities were people who capture the wicked person. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “A wicked person’s own iniquities will seize him” or “A wicked person will be unable to avoid the consequences of his iniquities” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
5:13 n7o7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְֽלֹא־שָׁ֭מַעְתִּי בְּק֣וֹל 1 The phrase **listen to the voice of** is an idiom that refers to obeying someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And I did not obey the instructions of”
|
||||||
5:22 he5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the cords of his sin will hold him tight 0 The writer speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his sin as if that sin were a trap made of cords in which the person is caught. Alternate translation: “because of his sin, he will be like an animal caught in a trap”
|
5:13 kvf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־הִטִּ֥יתִי אָזְנִֽי 1 See how you translated this idiom in [4:20](../04/20.md).
|
||||||
5:23 x16k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he is led astray by his great foolishness 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his great foolishness leads him astray”
|
5:14 kne6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְכָל־רָ֑ע 1 Here, the adulterous man speaks of experiencing complete disgrace as if **all evil** were a location he was **in**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “experiencing total disgrace”
|
||||||
5:23 n1a7 by his great foolishness 0 Alternate translation: “because he is very foolish”
|
5:14 he4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet בְּת֖וֹךְ קָהָ֣ל וְעֵדָֽה 1 The terms **assembly** and **congregation** mean the same thing and refer to the man’s community. The man is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “in the midst of the entire assembly”
|
||||||
6:intro xq95 0 # Proverbs 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.\n\n### Adulteress\n\nThe latter part of this chapter comes back to the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her. An adulteress is a woman who commits adultery. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])\n\n### Numbers\n\nOccasionally, the author will mention a list of six things, or seven things, that Yahweh hates. These numbers are used to draw attention to the list of things. It is not important whether there are six or seven things in the list.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nThe author will use rhetorical questions to draw the reader’s attention to important points. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Animals used as types\n\nThe gazelle and the ant have certain characteristics which the author uses to give wisdom. If your language does not recognize these characteristics in those animals, you could add a footnote to explain or possibly substitute another animal from your culture that would help explain the same concept. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
5:15 f76j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שְׁתֵה־מַ֥יִם מִבּוֹרֶ֑ךָ וְ֝נֹזְלִ֗ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first clause by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Drink water from your cistern, yes, drink flowing waters from the midst of your well”
|
||||||
6:1 sb1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit set aside your money 0 Implied here is that your promise and the circumstances forced you to save up your money. Alternate translation: “had to save up some of your money”
|
5:15 w3lx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁתֵה־מַ֥יִם מִבּוֹרֶ֑ךָ וְ֝נֹזְלִ֗ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ 1 Solomon is leaving out a word in the second clause that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the first clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Drink water from your cistern and drink flowing waters from the midst of your well”
|
||||||
6:1 z256 a guarantee for your neighbor’s loan 0 This could mean: (1) your neighbor may come to you to ask for a loan or (2) your neighbor wants to take out a loan from someone else, but you promise to pay the lender back if your neighbor cannot.
|
5:15 t8av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism שְׁתֵה־מַ֥יִם מִבּוֹרֶ֑ךָ וְ֝נֹזְלִ֗ים מִתּ֥וֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ 1 In both of these clauses, Solomon is referring to a man satisfying his sexual desire with his own wife in a polite way. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more normal polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Sleep with your wife only and only satisfy yourself with her” or “Satisfy your sexual desire only with your wife, yes, satisfy your sexual desire only with her”
|
||||||
6:1 p3wd neighbor 0 This same Hebrew word can also mean “friend.”
|
5:16 pe1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion יָפ֣וּצוּ מַעְיְנֹתֶ֣יךָ ח֑וּצָה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת פַּלְגֵי־מָֽיִם 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize that a man should not commit adultery. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Your springs should not overflow outside, channels of water in the open areas!”
|
||||||
6:2 p9iu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom you have laid a trap for yourself 0 This is a figure of speech saying that you are going to trap yourself. Alternate translation: “you have made a trap in which you yourself are caught”
|
5:16 vww6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יָפ֣וּצוּ מַעְיְנֹתֶ֣יךָ ח֑וּצָה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת פַּלְגֵי־מָֽיִם 1 Solomon is leaving out some words in the second clause that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the first clause if it would be clearer in your language. You may need to make a new sentence. Alternate translation: “Should your springs overflow outside? Should your channels of water overflow in the open areas?”
|
||||||
6:2 qta7 the words of your mouth 0 Alternate translation: “what you said” or “what you promised to do”
|
5:16 u3ua rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יָפ֣וּצוּ מַעְיְנֹתֶ֣יךָ ח֑וּצָה בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת פַּלְגֵי־מָֽיִם 1 In both clauses, Solomon is using a polite way to refer to a man having sex with women who are not his wife as if he were allowing his **springs** or **water** to flow in public places. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could express the meaning plainly. See the discussion of euphemisms in the General Notes for this chapter. Alternate translation: “Should you sleep with other women, sleeping with them openly”
|
||||||
6:3 d6yp save yourself 0 Alternate translation: “protect yourself” or “help yourself out of these problems”
|
5:16 ss2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ח֑וּצָה & בָּ֝רְחֹב֗וֹת 1 Here, **outside** and **open areas** refer to public places where there are many people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “out into public streets … in public places”
|
||||||
6:3 zn5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom you have fallen into the hand of your neighbor 0 This is a figure of speech using the term “hand” to mean “harm.” Alternate translation: “your neighbor can bring harm to you if he wants to” or “your neighbor has power over you”
|
5:17 f7ge rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִֽהְיוּ 1 Here, **them** refers to the “springs” and “channels of water” mentioned in the previous verse, which are euphemisms for sexual activity. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated those euphemisms in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Let your sexual desires be”
|
||||||
6:3 mzx9 neighbor 0 Alternate translation: “friend”
|
5:17 s9wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet לְךָ֥ לְבַדֶּ֑ךָ 1 The phrases **for you** and **for you alone** mean the same thing. Solomon is using the two phrases together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “for only you alone”
|
||||||
6:4 be5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Give your eyes no sleep and your eyelids no slumber 0 “Do not let your eyes sleep; do not let your eyelids slumber.” These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it is not to be lazy. It is also stated negatively for even more emphasis. Alternate translation: “Stay awake, and do what you can” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
|
5:18 eyoy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְהִֽי־מְקוֹרְךָ֥ בָר֑וּךְ 1 This clause is a command like the command to **be glad** in the next clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Be blessed by your fountain”
|
||||||
6:4 n831 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche your eyes … your eyelids 0 This is a figure of speech using parts of your face to mean your whole body. Alternate translation: “yourself … yourself”
|
5:18 xd81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְהִֽי־מְקוֹרְךָ֥ בָר֑וּךְ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of his son’s wife as if she were a **fountain** by which his son should be **blessed**. Here the word **blessed** refers to experiencing joy or sexual pleasure. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “May you experience joy with your wife”
|
||||||
6:5 xjb3 Save yourself like a gazelle from the hand of the hunter 0 Alternate translation: “Escape from your neighbor like a gazelle that flees from a hunter”
|
5:18 tz7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאֵ֥שֶׁת נְעוּרֶֽךָ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe the **wife** whom his son married while he was in his **youth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from the wife whom you married in your youth”\n
|
||||||
6:5 lcv3 gazelle 0 This is a big, lean animal that eats grass and that people often hunt for meat. It is famous for running away quickly.
|
5:18 fcek rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נְעוּרֶֽךָ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **youth** in [2:17](../02/17.md).
|
||||||
6:5 ffv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy from the hand of the hunter 0 The hand of the hunter refers to the hunter’s control. Alternate translation: “from the control of the hunter”
|
5:19 n93j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַיֶּ֥לֶת אֲהָבִ֗ים וְֽיַעֲלַ֫ת־חֵ֥ן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of how beautiful the “wife of your youth” is as if she were a **doe of loves and a mountain goat of grace**. The Israelites considered these two animals to be symbols of physical beauty and graceful movements. If it would be helpful in your language or it would not be appropriate in your language to compare a woman to an animal, you could express the meaning plainly or use a simile. Alternate translation: “She is as beautiful as a doe of loves and as graceful as a goat of grace”
|
||||||
6:5 fn1g like a bird from the hand of the fowler 0 Alternate translation: “and escape like a bird that flies away from a bird-hunter”
|
5:19 dv45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אַיֶּ֥לֶת אֲהָבִ֗ים 1 Here, Solomon uses the possessive form to describe a **doe** that is characterized by **loves**. The word **loves** is plural here for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this with a different expression. Alternate translation: “A very lovely doe”
|
||||||
6:6 il7a Look at … consider 0 Alternate translation: “Study … think about” or “carefully observe … ponder”
|
5:19 krq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְֽיַעֲלַ֫ת־חֵ֥ן 1 Here, Solomon uses the possessive form to describe a **mountain goat** that is characterized by **grace**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this with a different expression. Alternate translation: “a graceful mountain goat”
|
||||||
6:6 xh1r ant 0 An ant is a small insect that lives underground or in a self-built hill. They usually live in groups of thousands, and they can lift things that are much bigger than they are.
|
5:19 x1vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּ֭דֶּיהָ יְרַוֻּ֣ךָ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a wife’s **breasts** satisfying her husband’s sexual desires as they would satisfy the thirst of a hungry baby. Here, **drench** refers to giving a baby a satisfying amount of milk. If it would be helpful in your language or if it would be offensive in your language to refer to **breasts**, then you could use a more general expression. Alternate translation: “may her breasts fill you with delight as a mother’s breasts fill her child with food” or “may she satisfy your sexual desires”
|
||||||
6:6 uze2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy consider her ways 0 This is a figure of speech using the “ways” of an ant to refer to the behavior of the ant. Alternate translation: “consider how the ant behaves”
|
5:19 pb8m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּשְׁגֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the exhilarating delight of the love that a man should have for his wife as if he were staggering like an intoxicated person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “may you continually revel”
|
||||||
6:7 tmb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet commander, officer, or ruler 0 These three words mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasized that no one has formal authority over an individual ant.
|
5:20 d78f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְלָ֤מָּה תִשְׁגֶּ֣ה בְנִ֣י בְזָרָ֑ה וּ֝תְחַבֵּ֗ק חֵ֣ק נָכְרִיָּֽה 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize the a man should not commit adultery. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “And you should not stagger, my son, with a strange woman, or embrace the bosom of a foreign woman!”
|
||||||
6:8 w9jc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism it prepares its food in the summer … during the harvest it stores up what it will eat 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to show how responsible the ant is.
|
5:20 zuu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְלָ֤מָּה תִשְׁגֶּ֣ה בְנִ֣י בְזָרָ֑ה וּ֝תְחַבֵּ֗ק חֵ֣ק נָכְרִיָּֽה 1 Solomon is leaving out some words in the second clause that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the first clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “And why would you stagger, my son, with a strange woman, or why would you embrace the bosom of a foreign woman”
|
||||||
6:8 c8we summer 0 Summer is the time of the year when some trees bear their fruit.
|
5:20 z71k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִשְׁגֶּ֣ה 1 See how you translated the same use of **stagger** in the previous verse.
|
||||||
6:9 r6u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism How long will you sleep … When will you rise from your sleep? 0 The teacher uses these questions to scold the lazy person for sleeping too much. Alternate translation: “Wake up, you lazy person! Get out of your bed!” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
5:20 x9gw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְזָרָ֑ה & נָכְרִיָּֽה 1 See how you translated **strange woman** and **foreign woman** in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||||
6:10 q6ab A little sleep … of the hands to rest 0 These are the kinds of things that lazy people say.
|
5:21 bsb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 **For** here introduces the reason for obeying the commands stated in [5:15–20](../05/15.md). Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a reason. Alternate translation: “Do not commit adultery because”\n
|
||||||
6:10 f9h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism A little sleep, a little slumber 0 Both of these statements mean the same thing. They can be stated as complete sentences. Alternate translation: “I will just sleep a little longer. Let me sleep lightly a little longer” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
5:21 jh86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נֹ֨כַח ׀ עֵינֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה דַּרְכֵי־אִ֑ישׁ וְֽכָל־מַעְגְּלֹתָ֥יו מְפַלֵּֽס 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “in front of the eyes of Yahweh are the ways of a man, yes, all of his paths he observes”\n
|
||||||
6:10 c54p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy folding of the hands to rest 0 People often fold their hands while reclining in order to rest more comfortably. Alternate translation: “I will just cross my arms comfortably and rest a little”
|
5:21 mpi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֹ֨כַח ׀ עֵינֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה & מְפַלֵּֽס 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **Yahweh** knowing what people do as if everything people do is **in front of** his **eyes** or is what **he observes**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is fully aware of … he is fully aware of”
|
||||||
6:11 qm7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit and your poverty will come 0 This can be stated as a new sentence to make clear that this is a result of being lazy. Alternate translation: “If you continue to be lazy, your poverty will come” or “While you sleep, poverty will come”
|
5:21 p1ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּרְכֵי & מַעְגְּלֹתָ֥יו 1 See how you translated the same use of **ways** and **paths** in [3:6](../03/06.md).
|
||||||
6:11 zz4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile your poverty will come like a robber 0 The sudden way a lazy person becomes poor is like the sudden way a robber comes and steals things. Alternate translation: “you will suddenly become poor, just as if a robber came and stole everything you have”
|
5:21 y1w0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִ֑ישׁ &מַעְגְּלֹתָ֥יו 1 Although the terms **man** and **his** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “a person … that person’s paths”
|
||||||
6:11 r7za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile and your needs like an armed soldier 0 The sudden way a lazy person becomes in need of things is like the sudden way an armed soldier takes things from a person. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “and your needs will come to you like an armed soldier” or “and you will become needy just as if an armed soldier stole all your things” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
|
5:22 agzw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו יִלְכְּדֻנ֥וֹ אֶת־הָרָשָׁ֑ע וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ 1 **His** in this verse refers to **the wicked one** mentioned in the first clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The iniquities of the wicked one capture him; and by the cords of the wicked one’s sin he is grasped”
|
||||||
6:11 vt3g an armed soldier 0 Alternate translation: “a soldier who is holding a weapon” or “a man with a weapon”
|
5:22 yljv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו יִלְכְּדֻנ֥וֹ אֶת־הָרָשָׁ֑ע וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ 1 Although the terms **His**, **him**, and **he** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “The wicked person’s iniquities capture that person; and by the cords of that person’s sins that person is grasped”
|
||||||
6:12 sk3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet A worthless person—a wicked man 0 These two words have the same meaning and emphasize how bad this person is. Alternate translation: “A person with no value—an evil man”
|
5:22 u9ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו יִלְכְּדֻנ֥וֹ & וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of a wicked person being unable to avoid the consequences of his **iniquities** and **sin** as if those **iniquities** and **sin** were people who could **capture** or grasp that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will not escape being punished for his iniquities … and he is trapped because of the cords of his sin”
|
||||||
6:12 q9ly rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor lives by the crookedness of his speech 0 Here lies are spoken of as speech that is crooked. Alternate translation: “constantly tells lies”
|
5:22 fmn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עַֽווֹנוֹתָ֗יו & חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **iniquities** and **sin**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “The iniquitous things he does … the sinful things he does”
|
||||||
6:13 b2zu winking his eyes, making signals with his feet and pointing with his fingers 0 All three of these phrases describe a way in which the evil person communicates secretly to deceive other people.
|
5:22 ziey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the cords of his sin grasp him”
|
||||||
6:13 kq86 winking his eyes 0 If someone winks, he closes one eye very briefly as a secret signal to another person. This might be a sign of trust, of approval, or of something else.
|
5:22 he5d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וּבְחַבְלֵ֥י חַ֝טָּאת֗וֹ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the cords** that are **sin**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and by the cords, that is, his sin,”
|
||||||
6:14 za5w He plots evil 0 Alternate translation: “He plans evil” or “He prepares to do evil deeds”
|
5:23 w7f9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations ה֗וּא & וּבְרֹ֖ב אִוַּלְתּ֣וֹ יִשְׁגֶּֽה 1 Although the terms **He** and **his** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “That person … and in the abundance of that person’s foolishness that person staggers”
|
||||||
6:14 bbx6 he always stirs up discord 0 Alternate translation: “he always causes discord” or “he is constantly looking for conflict and escalating it”
|
5:23 x16k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּאֵ֣ין מוּסָ֑ר וּבְרֹ֖ב אִוַּלְתּ֣וֹ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **correction**, **abundance**, and **foolishness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “because he is not corrected; and in how abundantly foolish he is”
|
||||||
6:15 n8uw Therefore 0 Alternate translation: “For that reason”
|
5:23 n1a7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִשְׁגֶּֽה 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person behaving in a sinful manner that will cause him to die as if he were staggering like an intoxicated person who gets lost. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he loses his way” or “he behaves recklessly”\n
|
||||||
6:15 fz64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification his disaster will overtake him 0 This implies that the disaster is chasing him like a person or an animal, and that it will catch him soon. Alternate translation: “his disaster will catch him”
|
6:intro xq95 0 # Proverbs 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n### Adulterous women\n\nThis chapter repeatedly warns young men to avoid any adulterous woman, who is called “strange” and “foreign.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nIn [6:9](../06/09.md), [27](../06/27.md), [28](../06/28.md), the author uses rhetorical questions to emphasize the importance of what he is saying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Animals used as examples\n\nIn this chapter, the gazelle, bird, and ant have certain characteristics which the author uses to teach about wisdom. If your language does not recognize those animals as being wise, you could add a footnote to explain or possibly substitute other animals from your culture that would help explain the same concept.
|
||||||
6:15 j5gd his disaster 0 This refers to the disaster that will happen to him, but also the disaster that he himself caused.
|
6:1 rs3b rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אִם 1 Here, **if** indicates that Solomon is using a hypothetical situation to teach his **son**. This verse and the next verse are one long conditional sentence. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “suppose”
|
||||||
6:15 h6bm in an instant; in a moment 0 Both mean the same thing, and one or both of them can be replaced by “suddenly” or “very quickly.”
|
6:1 sb1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִם־עָרַ֣בְתָּ לְרֵעֶ֑ךָ 1 Here, Solomon implies that the **pledge** is a promise to pay back a loan of money for **your neighbor** if he is unable to pay back the loan himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “if you promise to pay back the loan for your neighbor when he is unable to pay it”
|
||||||
6:16 it1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism six things that Yahweh hates, seven that 0 This whole verse is a parallelism that emphasizes that God hates several things and not just one. Alternate translation: “six things that Yahwah hates; seven things that”
|
6:1 z256 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis תָּקַ֖עְתָּ לַזָּ֣ר כַּפֶּֽיךָ 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply the word from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “if you clasp your palms for a stranger”\n
|
||||||
6:16 akh6 that are disgusting to him 0 Alternate translation: “that make him feel disgust” or “that make you disgusting according to him”
|
6:1 p3wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תָּקַ֖עְתָּ & כַּפֶּֽיךָ 1 The function of this action in this culture was to confirm a contractual agreement with someone. If there is a gesture with similar meaning in your culture, you could consider using it here in your translation, or you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you shake hands to confirm an agreement” or “you confirm an agreement”
|
||||||
6:17 zib9 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThis is the list of things that Yahweh hates that was introduced in [Proverbs 6:16](./16.md).
|
6:2 aw5e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נוֹקַ֥שְׁתָּ בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ נִ֝לְכַּ֗דְתָּ בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “you are ensnared by the sayings of your mouth, yes, you are caught by the sayings of your mouth”
|
||||||
6:17 kpi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche eyes … tongue … hands 0 All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these with “people.”
|
6:2 amo2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis נוֹקַ֥שְׁתָּ בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ נִ֝לְכַּ֗דְתָּ בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 In both of these clauses, Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply the word from the first clause of the previous verse if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “if you are ensnared by the sayings of your mouth, if you are caught by the sayings of your mouth”
|
||||||
6:17 cip3 shed the blood of 0 Alternate translation: “kill” or “murder”
|
6:2 eoxs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נוֹקַ֥שְׁתָּ בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ נִ֝לְכַּ֗דְתָּ בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active forms or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the sayings of your mouth ensnared you, the sayings of your mouth caught you”
|
||||||
6:18 jq4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche heart … feet 0 All of these body parts refer to a whole person. You can translate each of these with “people.”
|
6:2 p9iu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נוֹקַ֥שְׁתָּ בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ נִ֝לְכַּ֗דְתָּ בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 In these clauses, Solomon refers to someone getting into trouble because of what he said as if his **sayings** were a trap that could ensnare or catch him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “if you get into trouble by the sayings of your mouth, if you encounter difficulty by the sayings of your mouth”
|
||||||
6:18 ex5v wicked schemes 0 Alternate translation: “evil plans”
|
6:2 qta7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְאִמְרֵי־פִ֑יךָ & בְּאִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 Here, **mouth** represents the **ensnared** or **caught** person himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by your sayings … by your sayings”\n
|
||||||
6:19 g2tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom breathes out lies 0 This figure of speech uses “breathes” to refer to lying constantly. Alternate translation: “constantly lies”
|
6:3 d6yp rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result עֲשֵׂ֨ה זֹ֥את אֵפ֪וֹא 1 Here, **then** indicates that what follows is what someone should do if the hypothetical conditions stated in the previous two verses take place. Use the most natural way to express this in your language. Alternate translation: “then do this in response”
|
||||||
6:19 r9n1 discord 0 See how you translated this in [Proverbs 6:14](../06/14.md).
|
6:3 f6je rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal וְֽהִנָּצֵ֗ל 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows is the purpose for doing what Solomon commands his son to do in this verse. Use a connector in your language that indicates a purpose. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of rescuing yourself”
|
||||||
6:19 avm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor one who sows discord 0 This figure of speech is using “sows” to refer to causing or bringing about discord. Alternate translation: “a person who causes discord”
|
6:3 s2sb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְֽהִנָּצֵ֗ל 1 Here, Solomon implies that his **son** should **rescue** himself from his obligation to fulfill the promise referred to in [6:1–2](../06/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and rescue yourself from your obligation”
|
||||||
6:20 e5gm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism obey the command of your father … do not forsake the teaching of your mother 0 These two phrases on the one hand mean the same thing. On the other hand, the repeated emphasis on both “father” and “mother” explicitly includes women in the whole teaching-learning process.
|
6:3 zn5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בָ֤אתָ בְכַף־רֵעֶ֑ךָ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of his **son** being controlled by his **neighbor** as if he had **come into the palm** of his **neighbor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your neighbor has power over you”
|
||||||
6:20 u11d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes do not forsake the teaching of your mother 0 This figure of speech is using the negative “forsake” to mean the positive “obey.” Alternate translation: “obey the teaching of your mother”
|
6:3 mzx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּרְהַ֥ב 1 Here, Solomon speaks of his **son** begging his **neighbor** as if he were pressing him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and plead with”
|
||||||
6:21 qz2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor bind them on your heart; tie them about your neck 0 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They describe the commands and instructions as if they are written down so that you can put it in or on your body to remind yourself.
|
6:3 bc7l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּרְהַ֥ב רֵעֶֽיךָ 1 Here, Solomon implies that his **son** should **press** his **neighbor** to free him from his obligation to fulfill the promise referred to in [6:1–2](../06/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and press your neighbor to release you from your obligation”
|
||||||
6:21 b76k bind them on your heart 0 Alternate translation: “love them” or “think about them”
|
6:4 ul9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן שֵׁנָ֣ה לְעֵינֶ֑יךָ וּ֝תְנוּמָ֗ה לְעַפְעַפֶּֽיךָ 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words in the second clause that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the first clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not give sleep to your eyes and do not give slumber to your eyelids”
|
||||||
6:22 r61q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism When you walk … when you sleep … when you wake up 0 These three phrases are used together to emphasize that the lessons are valuable all the time.
|
6:4 be5i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן שֵׁנָ֣ה לְעֵינֶ֑יךָ וּ֝תְנוּמָ֗ה לְעַפְעַפֶּֽיךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Do not give sleep to your eyes, yes, do not give slumber to your eyelids”
|
||||||
6:22 hw2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism they will guide you … they will watch over you … they will teach you 0 The repetition of these phrases is to show that the lessons are valuable for all sorts of things. It also speaks of those lessons as if they were people. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
6:4 t2dt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן שֵׁנָ֣ה לְעֵינֶ֑יךָ וּ֝תְנוּמָ֗ה לְעַפְעַפֶּֽיךָ 1 Here Solomon is speaking of allowing oneself to **sleep** and **slumber** as if they were objects that one could **give** to oneself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not let your eyes sleep or your eyelids slumber”
|
||||||
6:23 u5p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism the commands … the teaching … the corrections that come by instruction 0 These three phrases mean basically the same thing, and together they show the various types of lessons a father and a mother teach.
|
6:4 q1t2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תִּתֵּ֣ן שֵׁנָ֣ה 1 Solomon implies that this person should not allow himself to **sleep** until he goes to his neighbor to get out of the agreement. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Until you rescue yourself from this problem, do not give sleep”
|
||||||
6:23 s8lq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor a lamp … a light … the way of life 0 All three of these mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize the fact that the lessons make life better and easier. Alternate translation: “as useful as a lamp … as helpful as light in the darkness … as necessary to follow as the way of life” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
6:4 n831 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לְעֵינֶ֑יךָ & לְעַפְעַפֶּֽיךָ 1 Here, Solomon is using **eyes** and **eyelids** to refer to one’s whole body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to yourself … to yourself”
|
||||||
6:23 n5j2 the way of life 0 Alternate translation: “the way that leads to life” or “the way of living that God approves of”
|
6:5 j8za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis הִ֭נָּצֵל כִּצְבִ֣י מִיָּ֑ד וּ֝כְצִפּ֗וֹר מִיַּ֥ד יָקֽוּשׁ 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Rescue yourself like a gazelle would rescue itself from a hand, and rescue yourself like a bird would rescue itself from the hand of the trapper”
|
||||||
6:24 p7az rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person It keeps you from 0 Here the word “it” refers to the lessons taught by the father and mother in [Proverbs 6:20](../06/20.md). Alternate translation: “It saves you from” or “It protects you from”
|
6:5 xjb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הִ֭נָּצֵל כִּצְבִ֣י מִיָּ֑ד וּ֝כְצִפּ֗וֹר מִיַּ֥ד יָקֽוּשׁ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Rescue yourself like a gazelle from a hand, yes, rescue yourself like a bird from the hand of the trapper”
|
||||||
6:24 sjp3 the immoral woman … an immoral woman 0 These two words mean basically the same thing. See how you translated the word “adulteress” in [Proverbs 5:3](../05/03.md).
|
6:5 lcv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּצְבִ֣י & וּ֝כְצִפּ֗וֹר 1 Solomon is saying that the person should act like a **gazelle** and a **bird** because both of those animals are wise enough to flee from hunters quickly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “quickly, like a gazelle … and quickly, like a bird”
|
||||||
6:24 sw14 immoral 0 Alternate translation: “morally evil”
|
6:5 r5ir rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כִּצְבִ֣י 1 A **gazelle** is a land animal that is known for running quickly and gracefully. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of animal, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “like an animal that runs quickly”
|
||||||
6:25 ty32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor do not let her capture you with her eyelashes 0 The writer speaks of the woman’s eyelashes as if they were a trap into which the young man could fall. They are a synecdoche for her beauty and a metonym for the way the woman looks at the young man to make her want her. Alternate translation: “do not allow her to gain control over you by being beautiful and by the way she looks at you” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
6:6 il7a לֵֽךְ־אֶל־נְמָלָ֥ה 1 **Go** here implies going for the purpose of looking at **the ant**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Go and observe the ant”
|
||||||
6:25 rx3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in your heart 0 Here “heart” represents the mind. Alternate translation: “in your thoughts”
|
6:6 nd7f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun נְמָלָ֥ה 1 The word **ant** represents ants in general, not one particular **ant**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “ants”
|
||||||
6:25 m7d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy her beauty 0 “what is beautiful about her.” This can also be a metonym for the woman. Alternate translation: “her”
|
6:6 xh1r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown נְמָלָ֥ה 1 An **ant** is a small insect that lives underground in large groups. Ants are known for diligently working together to collect food and maintain their nests. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of insect, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the hard-working insect”
|
||||||
6:25 f4km capture you 0 Alternate translation: “gain control over you”
|
6:6 vpy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רְאֵ֖ה 1 **See** here means to observe for the purpose of learning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “See and learn”
|
||||||
6:25 vnr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche her eyelashes 0 The “eyelashes” stand for the beautiful things about her body that she uses to catch a man’s attention. Alternate translation: “her beautiful eyes”
|
6:6 uze2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דְרָכֶ֣יהָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **ways** in [3:6](../03/06.md).
|
||||||
6:26 p3jv the price of a loaf of bread 0 This is talking about the material cost, not the spiritual cost or the moral cost. Alternate translation: “a little bit”
|
6:6 vmwn rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal וַחֲכָֽם 1 Here, **and** indicates that what follows is the purpose for doing what Solomon commands his son to do in this verse. Use a connector in your language that makes indicates a purpose. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of becoming wise”
|
||||||
6:26 k5fu may cost you your very life 0 This could mean: (1) the wife of another man will destroy your life because she always wants more or (2) the husband of the other woman will hunt you down and kill you.
|
6:7 tmb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet קָצִ֗ין שֹׁטֵ֥ר וּמֹשֵֽׁל 1 These three words mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize that no one commands ants to work diligently. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “any ruler whatsoever”
|
||||||
6:27 gzh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Can a man carry a fire against his chest without burning his clothes? 0 This action would be very dangerous and would cause harm. The implied answer to the question is “no.” Alternate translation: “Every man who carries a fire in his chest will burn his clothes.”
|
6:8 d2rl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast תָּכִ֣ין 1 The idea in this verse is contrary to what one would expect after knowing the information in the previous verse. Indicate this contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but prepares”
|
||||||
6:27 sew8 without burning 0 Alternate translation: “without destroying” or “and not destroy”
|
6:8 w9jc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism תָּכִ֣ין בַּקַּ֣יִץ לַחְמָ֑הּ אָגְרָ֥ה בַ֝קָּצִ֗יר מַאֲכָלָֽהּ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “prepares its bread in the summer; yes, it gathers its food in the harvest”
|
||||||
6:27 pt18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his clothes 0 His clothes stand for him as a whole person.
|
6:8 r349 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תָּכִ֣ין & אָגְרָ֥ה 1 Here, **prepares** and **gathers** refer to collecting and storing food for winter, the time when food is scarce. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “acquires … it stockpiles”
|
||||||
6:28 r98z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Can a man walk on hot coals without scorching his feet? 0 Walking on hot coals will scorch a person’s feet, so the implied answer is “no.” Alternate translation: “Every man who walks on hot coals will have scorched feet.”
|
6:8 ifjh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לַחְמָ֑הּ אָגְרָ֥ה & מַאֲכָלָֽהּ 1 In this verse, **its** refers to “the ant” mentioned in [6:7](../06/07.md), which is a collective word for ants in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the ant’s bread … the ant gathers its food” or “the ants’ bread … the ants gather their food”
|
||||||
6:28 tw8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk on hot coals 0 This stands for committing adultery.
|
6:8 c8we rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּקַּ֣יִץ & בַ֝קָּצִ֗יר 1 In the place where this book was written, **summer** is the time of year when people **harvest** crops. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the time for harvesting crops … in the harvesting time”
|
||||||
6:28 fy6m walk 0 That is to slowly walk a long distance, without using tricks or magic.
|
6:9 r6u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַד־מָתַ֖י עָצֵ֥ל ׀ תִּשְׁכָּ֑ב מָ֝תַ֗י תָּק֥וּם מִשְּׁנָתֶֽךָ 1 Solomon is using the question form twice in this verse for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should stop lying down! You should rise from your sleep!”
|
||||||
6:28 kf2l scorching 0 Alternate translation: “burning”
|
6:9 woeb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּשְׁכָּ֑ב 1 The phrase **lie down** implies that the person has been lying on a bed to sleep. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will you sleep in your bed”
|
||||||
6:29 gh7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism the man who goes in to his neighbor’s wife 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “the man who has sexual relations with his neighbor’s wife”
|
6:9 qdlj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תָּק֥וּם מִשְּׁנָתֶֽךָ 1 Here, Solomon refers to waking up as if a person were rising up from **sleep**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will you wake up”
|
||||||
6:30 fwq5 despise a thief 0 Alternate translation: “do not regard a thief with contempt” or “do not think a thief is evil”
|
6:10 q6ab rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks מְעַ֣ט שֵׁ֭נוֹת מְעַ֣ט תְּנוּמ֑וֹת מְעַ֓ט ׀ חִבֻּ֖ק יָדַ֣יִם לִשְׁכָּֽב 1 This verse is a quotation of what the “lazy one” might say. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this with quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation.
|
||||||
6:31 n1t7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive if he is caught 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone catches him”
|
6:10 kye3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מְעַ֣ט שֵׁ֭נוֹת מְעַ֣ט תְּנוּמ֑וֹת 1 The lazy person is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Let me have a little more sleep; let me have a little more slumber”
|
||||||
6:31 b9ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom in his house 0 This figure of speech is saying that everything in his house is all that he owns. Alternate translation: “that he owns”
|
6:10 f9h7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet מְעַ֣ט שֵׁ֭נוֹת מְעַ֣ט תְּנוּמ֑וֹת 1 These two phrases mean the same thing. The lazy person is using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Just a little more sleep”
|
||||||
6:32 s8mh The one 0 Alternate translation: “The person” or “The man”
|
6:10 c54p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מְעַ֓ט ׀ חִבֻּ֖ק יָדַ֣יִם לִשְׁכָּֽב 1 This phrase refers to an action that people often do in order to rest more comfortably when they **lie down** to sleep. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “a little folding of the hands comfortably to lie down and sleep”
|
||||||
6:33 m2lu what he deserves 0 Alternate translation: “the appropriate punishment for what he has done”
|
6:11 fcrn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּבָֽא־כִמְהַלֵּ֥ךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ וּ֝מַחְסֹֽרְךָ֗ כְּאִ֣ישׁ מָגֵֽן 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and your poverty will come like one who walks and your need will come like a man of shield”
|
||||||
6:33 t99k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his disgrace 0 This figure of speech is using the term “disgrace” to refer to the feeling of him acting shamefully. Alternate translation: “the memory of his shameful act”
|
6:11 vvx1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וּבָֽא־כִמְהַלֵּ֥ךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ וּ֝מַחְסֹֽרְךָ֗ כְּאִ֣ישׁ מָגֵֽן 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “and your poverty will come like one who walks, yes, your need will come like a man of shield”
|
||||||
6:33 c8nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes will not be wiped away 0 This figure of speech is using the negative “will not be wiped away” to refer to it always being there. Alternate translation: “will always remain”
|
6:11 qm7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וּבָֽא & רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ 1 Here, **and** introduces the result of what the lazy person does and says in the two previous verses. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. Alternate translation: “and all this will cause your poverty to come”\n
|
||||||
6:34 lyk4 furious 0 very angry
|
6:11 msvl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ וּ֝מַחְסֹֽרְךָ֗ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **poverty** and **need**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “you being poor … and you being needy”
|
||||||
6:34 qsy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes he will show no mercy 0 The “he” is the neighbor whose wife has committed adultery with another man. Alternate translation: “he will not limit the pain he will cause you” or “he will hurt you as much as he can”
|
6:11 lkuz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּבָֽא & רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of experiencing **poverty** as if it were a person who could **come** to someone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you will experience poverty”
|
||||||
6:34 rc71 when he takes his revenge 0 Alternate translation: “in the moment of his revenge” or “when the moment arrives when he can take his revenge”
|
6:11 i2rb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כִמְהַלֵּ֥ךְ 1 Here, the phrase **one who walks** refers to a robber. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “like a robber”
|
||||||
6:34 tk3n takes his revenge 0 If a person takes revenge, it is to cause hurt to the person who hurt him first.
|
6:11 zz4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִמְהַלֵּ֥ךְ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of how suddenly a lazy person becomes poor as if **poverty** were a robber who unexpectedly steals everything the person owns. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “abruptly”
|
||||||
6:35 b2ym compensation 0 payment by one who does wrong to the person to whom he has done wrong
|
6:11 ajxy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּאִ֣ישׁ 1 Here, the phrase **a man of shield** refers to a robber with weapons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “like a robber with weapons” or “like an armed man”
|
||||||
6:35 fly2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive he cannot be bought off 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you cannot pay him enough money to change his mind”
|
6:11 r7za rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּאִ֣ישׁ מָגֵֽן 1 Here, Solomon speaks of how suddenly a lazy person becomes needy as if **need** were a robber with weapons who steals everything the person owns. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “abruptly”
|
||||||
6:35 pc8x off, though 0 Alternate translation: “off. This will be true even if”
|
6:12 sk3y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אָדָ֣ם בְּ֭לִיַּעַל אִ֣ישׁ אָ֑וֶן 1 The phrases **man of worthlessness** and **man of injustice** mean the same thing. Solomon is using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “A completely useless man”
|
||||||
7:intro pk5f 0 # Proverbs 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\r\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\r\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\r\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\r\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\r\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\r\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\r\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\r\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\r\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\r\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n * The Story of an Adulterer (7:1–27)\n\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nProverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])\n\nMany of the proverbs are stated as promises or commands, but they are intended to be advice.\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males, but is still given in the context of a father warning his son.\n\n### Adulteress\n\nThis chapter continues the theme about the adulteress and warns the young man to avoid her.
|
6:12 dfsx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אָדָ֣ם בְּ֭לִיַּעַל אִ֣ישׁ אָ֑וֶן 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** that is characterized by **worthless** and **injustice**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “A worthless man, an unjust man”
|
||||||
7:1 at6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor keep my words 0 Here keeping represents obeying. Alternate translation: “obey my words”
|
6:12 wtik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אָדָ֣ם & אִ֣ישׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “A person of … a person of”
|
||||||
7:1 k635 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor store up my commands within yourself 0 Here God’s commands are spoken of as if they were objects that someone could put into a storeroom. Alternate translation: “memorize my commands”
|
6:12 q9ly rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ה֝וֹלֵ֗ךְ 1 See how you translated the similar use of “walking” in [2:7](../02/07.md).
|
||||||
7:2 a8m4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor keep my instruction 0 Here keeping represents obeying. Alternate translation: “obey my instructions”
|
6:12 fxq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עִקְּשׁ֥וּת פֶּֽה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:24](../04/24.md).
|
||||||
7:2 xfb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom as the apple of your eye 0 The apple of the eye is the pupil inside the eye, which people normally instinctively protect when an object flies at their face. Here “the apple of the eye” represents whatever a person values and protects the most. Alternate translation: “as your most valuable possession”
|
6:13 dcgf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis קֹרֵ֣ץ בְּ֭עֵינָו מֹלֵ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֑ו מֹ֝רֶ֗ה בְּאֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous verse if it would be clearer in your language. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “He is one who winks with his eye, one who rubs with his foot, and one who points with his fingers”
|
||||||
7:3 g5jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Tie them on your fingers 0 This could mean: (1) that the writer wanted his son to engrave certain commands from God on a ring and wear it, or (2) that the writer wanted his son to always remember God’s commands, as if he always wore a certain ring.
|
6:13 ghua rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations קֹרֵ֣ץ בְּ֭עֵינָו מֹלֵ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֑ו מֹ֝רֶ֗ה בְּאֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו 1 Although the term **his** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “one who winks with one’s eye, one who rubs with one’s foot, one who points with one’s fingers”
|
||||||
7:3 c4yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor write them on the tablet of your heart 0 Here the heart represents a person’s mind, and remembering something well is spoken of as if the person were writing it on a stone tablet. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:3](../03/03.md). Alternate translation: “remember my commands well as if you were writing them in stone”
|
6:13 b2zu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction קֹרֵ֣ץ בְּ֭עֵינָו מֹלֵ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֑ו מֹ֝רֶ֗ה בְּאֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו 1 These three clauses refer to actions that someone uses when deceiving people. If this would not be clear to your readers, you could explain the significance of these actions in the text or in a footnote. Alternate translation: “one who winks with his eye, rubs with his foot, and points with his fingers to deceive people”
|
||||||
7:4 jn44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification Say to wisdom, “You are my sister 0 Here wisdom is spoken of as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “Value wisdom as you would love your sister”
|
6:14 oqcy rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous תַּֽהְפֻּכ֨וֹת ׀ בְּלִבּ֗וֹ חֹרֵ֣שׁ רָ֣ע בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת 1 These two clauses are describing two situations that are occurring at the same time. You can make this clear in your translation with an appropriate connecting word or phrase. Alternate translation: “Perverse things are in his heart while he plots evil on every occasion”
|
||||||
7:4 z4x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification call understanding your kinsman 0 Here the quality of understanding is spoken of as if it were a kinsman or relative. Alternate translation: “treat understanding as you would treat your kinsman”
|
6:14 za5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּלִבּ֗וֹ & יְשַׁלֵּֽחַ 1 Although the terms **his** and **he** are masculine, Solomon is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “are in that person’s heart … that person sends forth”
|
||||||
7:4 j17k kinsman 0 Alternate translation: “relative” or “family member”
|
6:14 bbx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּלִבּ֗וֹ 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
|
||||||
7:5 xkl2 the adulterous woman 0 This refers to any woman to whom a man is not married. Alternate translation: “the woman whom you should have nothing to do with”
|
6:14 zud5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָ֣ע 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||||
7:5 y9gh the immoral woman 0 This refers to any woman who is not known to a man.
|
6:14 lq43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מדנים יְשַׁלֵּֽחַ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **quarrels** as if they were objects that a person **sends forth**. He means that this person causes other people to quarrel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he causes people to quarrel”
|
||||||
7:5 s251 with her smooth words 0 Words intended to deceive are spoken of as if they were smooth objects. Alternate translation: “who says pleasant things, but wants to deceive you”
|
6:15 q038 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אֵיד֑וֹ & יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר 1 Although the terms **his** and **he** are masculine, Solomon is using the words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “that person’s calamity … that person will be broken”
|
||||||
7:6 v7n1 lattice 0 a covering over a window made of thin strips of wood that cross one another in a slanted pattern that forms square-shaped openings in the pattern
|
6:15 csdg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֵיד֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **calamity** in [1:26](../01/26.md).
|
||||||
7:7 ie51 naive 0 inexperienced or immature
|
6:15 fz64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יָב֣וֹא 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **calamity** occurring as if it were a person who could **come** to someone else. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will occur”
|
||||||
7:8 i1kl her corner 0 Here “her” refers to any female stranger, as referred to in [Proverbs 7:5](../07/05.md). She was standing at a certain corner, waiting for a suitable man to pass by. Alternate translation: “the corner where a female stranger was standing”
|
6:15 j5gd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִ֝שָּׁבֵ֗ר 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his calamity will break him”
|
||||||
7:8 v7v4 corner 0 This refers to where two roads meet.
|
6:15 qzeh וְאֵ֣ין מַרְפֵּֽא 1 Alternate translation: “and he will not heal”
|
||||||
7:9 zn5n twilight 0 the time of day when it is getting darker and about to become night
|
6:16 it1e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שֶׁשׁ־הֵ֭נָּה שָׂנֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝שֶׁ֗בַע תועבות נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 To make a comprehensive statement, Solomon is using a rhetorical device in which the speaker names a number that should be sufficient to illustrate his point and then increases that number by one for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh absolutely hates these seven things, and they are abominations of his spirit”
|
||||||
7:10 bu68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor with a false heart 0 Here “heart” represents intentions or plans. Alternate translation: “she planned to deceive someone”
|
6:16 akh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj שֶׁשׁ & וְ֝שֶׁ֗בַע 1 Solomon is using the adjectives **Six** and **seven** as nouns to mean **six** and **seven** things. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Six things … and seven things”
|
||||||
7:11 vkd8 She was loud and wayward 0 Alternate translation: “She talked loudly and acted in the ways she wished to”
|
6:16 p2e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תועבות נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe what **his spirit** considers to be **abominations**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are what his spirit considers to be abominations” or “are what his spirit considers to be abominable”
|
||||||
7:11 es4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche her feet did not stay at home 0 The phrase “her feet” represent the woman. Alternate translation: “she did not stay at home”
|
6:16 zqfk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תועבות 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **abominations**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are abominable to”
|
||||||
7:12 h64f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor she waited in ambush 0 Here the woman is spoken of as if she were preparing to physically trap a person or an animal. Also, the idea of trapping someone here represents persuading someone to commit sin. Alternate translation: “she waited to trap someone” or “she waited to find someone she could persuade to sin”
|
6:16 f9x2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נַפְשֽׁוֹ 1 Here, **spirit** refers to **Yahweh** himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “him”
|
||||||
7:13 l1ic she 0 the woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 7:10](./10.md)
|
6:17 zib9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עֵינַ֣יִם רָ֭מוֹת 1 Here, Solomon refers to pride as **uplifted eyes**, which is a characteristic facial expression of proud people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “pride”
|
||||||
7:13 sa2m grabbed him 0 Alternate translation: “took hold of him firmly”
|
6:17 c99k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession לְשׁ֣וֹן שָׁ֑קֶר 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **tongue** that is characterized by **falsehood**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a false tongue”
|
||||||
7:13 vef7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with a strong face 0 Here “strong” represents “stubborn.” A “strong face” means a stubborn expression on a person’s face. This implies that the woman is acting in a stubborn way, that she is deliberately doing what she knows is wrong. Alternate translation: “with a shameless expression on her face” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
|
6:17 kpi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְשׁ֣וֹן שָׁ֑קֶר 1 Here, **tongue** represents what a person says. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “speech of falsehood”
|
||||||
7:14 ei2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I paid my vows 0 Here “vows” represents what the person promised to sacrifice to God. Alternate translation: “I made the sacrifices I promised to God”
|
6:17 cip3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְ֝יָדַ֗יִם 1 Here, **hands** refers to the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and people”
|
||||||
7:15 fys2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche seek your face 0 Here “face” represents the person and especially the person’s presence. Alternate translation: “look for you” or “find out where you are”
|
6:17 vy22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שֹׁפְכ֥וֹת דָּם־נָקִֽי 1 See how you translated a similar phrase in [1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||||
7:17 g7k4 sprinkled my bed with 0 Alternate translation: “scattered on my bed”
|
6:18 jq4t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֗ב & רַגְלַ֥יִם 1 Here, **heart** and **feet** refer to a whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people … people”
|
||||||
7:17 ibk7 aloes 0 A type of wood from a tree that smells good.
|
6:18 ex5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מַחְשְׁב֣וֹת אָ֑וֶן 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **plans** that are characterized by **injustice**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “unjust plans”
|
||||||
7:17 q1mx cinnamon 0 This is a spice made from the bark of a tree that smells and tastes good.
|
6:18 jmu9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אָ֑וֶן & לָֽרָעָה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **injustice** in [6:12](../06/12.md) and **evil** in [1:16](../01/16.md).
|
||||||
7:18 h91x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor let us drink our fill of love 0 Here the pleasures of romantic love are spoken of as if they were something good to drink. Alternate translation: “let us make love to each other as much as we want”
|
6:18 l6zj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מְ֝מַהֲר֗וֹת לָר֥וּץ לָֽרָעָה 1 Here, Solomon speaks of being eager to do **evil** as if **evil** were a place that a person could **run to**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “eager to do evil”
|
||||||
7:19 vc42 is not at his house 0 Alternate translation: “is not at home”
|
6:19 d68t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession עֵ֣ד שָׁ֑קֶר 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **witness** that is characterized by **falsehood**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a false witness”
|
||||||
7:20 zw96 full moon 0 The moon is said to be full when it is a perfectly round disk, shining at its brightest.
|
6:19 g2tz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָפִ֣יחַ כְּ֭זָבִים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of someone who lies easily as if that person **breathes out lies**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “easily lies”
|
||||||
7:21 ptg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor she turned him 0 To persuade someone to act in a certain way is spoken of as if it were changing the direction that person was walking. Alternate translation: “she persuaded him”
|
6:19 avm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ מְ֝דָנִ֗ים 1 See how you translated **sends forth quarrels** in [6:14](../06/14.md).
|
||||||
7:21 ev91 her … she … him 0 The female is the married woman who wants to sleep with “him,” the young man.
|
6:19 k9xh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אַחִֽים 1 Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “family members”
|
||||||
7:21 l3nt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy smooth lips 0 Here “lips” represents what a person says. When a person flatters someone else by saying things that are not sincere, these words are spoken of as if they were a smooth object. Alternate translation: “flattering, deceiving words” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
6:20 rk2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נְצֹ֣ר בְּ֭נִי מִצְוַ֣ת אָבִ֑יךָ וְאַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Guard, my son, the command of your father, yes, do not forsake the law of your mother”\n
|
||||||
7:21 c6k6 she misled him 0 Alternate translation: “she convinced him to sin with her”
|
6:20 tplj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נְצֹ֣ר 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a **command** as if it were an object that someone should **Guard**. He means that he wants his son to remember to do what he has commanded him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated a similar use of guard in [3:21](../03/21.md). Alternate translation: “Remember to practice”\n
|
||||||
7:22 rvi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit He went after her suddenly 0 This seems to imply that the young man took very little time to think about what he should do. Alternate translation: “He quickly decided to go after her”
|
6:20 u11d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes וְאַל־תִּ֝טֹּ֗שׁ תּוֹרַ֥ת אִמֶּֽךָ 1 See how you translated this clause in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||||
7:22 tal5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like an ox going to slaughter … a deer caught in a trap 0 The naive and unsuspecting way the young man follows the adulteress is compared to the way two animals are unaware of the danger they are in.
|
6:21 y710 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism קָשְׁרֵ֣ם עַל־לִבְּךָ֣ תָמִ֑יד עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם עַל־גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word that shows that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Bind them on your heart continually; yes, tie them around your neck”
|
||||||
7:22 pk4m slaughter 0 This refers to killing an animal in order to eat its meat.
|
6:21 qz2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קָשְׁרֵ֣ם עַל־לִבְּךָ֣ 1 Here Solomon is speaking of remembering his commands as if they were objects that people could **bind** on their **hearts**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Remember them”
|
||||||
7:22 qrn6 deer 0 See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 5:19](../05/19.md).
|
6:21 b76k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עָ֝נְדֵ֗ם עַל־גַּרְגְּרֹתֶֽךָ 1 Here, Solomon is speaking of remembering his commands as if they were objects that people could **tie around** their **necks**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “remember them”
|
||||||
7:23 r6zr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile like a bird rushing into a snare 0 The naive and unsuspecting way the young man follows the adulteress is compared to the way an animal is unaware of the danger he is in.
|
6:22 r61q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בְּהִתְהַלֶּכְךָ֨ ׀ תַּנְחֶ֬ה אֹתָ֗ךְ בְּֽ֭שָׁכְבְּךָ תִּשְׁמֹ֣ר עָלֶ֑יךָ וַ֝הֲקִיצ֗וֹתָ הִ֣יא תְשִׂיחֶֽךָ 1 In this verse, Solomon speaks of the lessons he called “the command” and “the teaching” in [6:20](../06/20.md) as if they were a person who could **guide**, **preserve**, and **converse with** a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use similes. Alternate translation: “When you walk about, it will enable you to know what to do; when you lie down, it will enable you to be safe; and you will wake up, it will be advice for you” or “When you walk about, it will be like a guide for you; when you lie down, it will be like someone who preserves you; and you will wake up, it will be like someone who converses with you”
|
||||||
7:23 t5u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit until an arrow pierces through its liver 0 This passage implies that a hunter has trapped the deer in order to shoot it with arrows. Alternate translation: “until a hunter shoots it in its most important part”
|
6:22 bvpr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּהִתְהַלֶּכְךָ֨ 1 Here, **walk about** refers to doing one’s daily activities. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “When you do your daily activities”
|
||||||
7:23 i4e6 liver 0 Here this organ represents a very important part of the deer’s body.
|
6:22 krtg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּֽ֭שָׁכְבְּךָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **lie down** in [3:24](../03/24.md).
|
||||||
7:23 zvp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom it would cost his life 0 This is a way of saying that this person will die as a result. Alternate translation: “it would kill him” or “he would die soon”
|
6:23 d41x rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is a reason for what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is because”
|
||||||
7:24 wen3 Now 0 This is to focus the attention of the speaker’s sons on the conclusion of this lesson.
|
6:23 u5p1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism נֵ֣ר מִ֭צְוָה וְת֣וֹרָה א֑וֹר 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word other than **and** that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “the commandment is a lamp, yes, the law is a light”
|
||||||
7:25 gk8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor May your heart not turn aside onto her paths 0 Here “ways” means the paths that a person chooses to walk on. It represents the person’s behavior, the things that he decides to do in life. Alternate translation: “Make your heart stay far away from the ways of the adulterous woman” or “Do not let your heart want to do the things that the adulterous woman does”
|
6:23 itt0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִ֭צְוָה וְת֣וֹרָה 1 Here, **the commandment** and **the law** could refer to: (1) the commands of the father and mother, which are referred to in the previous two verses. Alternate translation: “my commandments … and your mother’s law” (2) good commandments and laws in general. Alternate translation: “what people command … and the rules people make”
|
||||||
7:25 wm1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche your heart 0 Here “heart” represents a person, emphasizing his desires. Alternate translation: “you”
|
6:23 p2mx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מִ֭צְוָה 1 Solomon is speaking of commandments in general, not of one particular **commandment**. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “the commandments”\n
|
||||||
7:25 l3s9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism do not be led astray onto her paths 0 This means the same as the sentence before it. It strengthens the first warning. Alternate translation: “do not leave the right path in order to go on her paths”
|
6:23 lk32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מִ֭צְוָה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun “commandments” in [2:1](../02/01.md).
|
||||||
7:26 xx9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy She has caused many people to fall down pierced 0 Being pierced by spears or arrows represents being killed. Alternate translation: “She has caused many people to fall dead”
|
6:23 s8lq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֵ֣ר & א֑וֹר 1 Here, Solomon refers to the **commandment** and **law** enabling people to understand how to live as if they were a **lamp** and a **light** that shows people the path in front of them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “enables one to understand … enables one to perceive”
|
||||||
7:27 g21s Her house is on the paths to Sheol … they go down 0 Here “paths” represents the kinds of behavior that foolish people participate in. Sheol was the name for the world of the dead.
|
6:23 bjz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns וְת֣וֹרָה 1 See how you translated this use of **law** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||||
7:27 ry42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism on the paths to Sheol … down to the dark bedrooms of death 0 These two phrases basically mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize that the woman’s victims will be destroyed.
|
6:23 llas rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹכְח֥וֹת מוּסָֽר 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns “rebuke” in [1:25](../01/25.md) and **instruction** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
|
||||||
7:27 prr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the dark bedrooms of death 0 This expression pictures the dead as sleeping in many different rooms in Sheol.
|
6:23 n5j2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תּוֹכְח֥וֹת מוּסָֽר 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **rebukes** that are included in **instruction**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the rebukes that come from instruction”
|
||||||
|
6:23 wxd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְדֶ֥רֶךְ חַ֝יִּ֗ים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the way** that results in **life**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and … the way that results in life”
|
||||||
|
6:23 ywhm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְדֶ֥רֶךְ 1 Here, Solomon uses **way** to refer to how people behave. See how you translated this use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
|
||||||
|
6:24 p7az rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לִ֭שְׁמָרְךָ 1 Here, **to** indicates that what follows is the purpose for the “commandments,” “law,” and “rebukes of instruction” referred to in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes indicates a purpose. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of keeping you”\n
|
||||||
|
6:24 sjp3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מֵאֵ֣שֶׁת רָ֑ע 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **woman** who is characterized by **evil**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from an evil woman”
|
||||||
|
6:24 sw14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵֽ֝חֶלְקַ֗ת לָשׁ֥וֹן 1 Here, Solomon refers to the seductive speech of an adulterous woman as if it were **the smoothness of the tongue**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the seductive speech of”
|
||||||
|
6:24 ae9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נָכְרִיָּֽה 1 See how you translated the same use of **foreign woman** in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||||
|
6:25 ty32 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יָ֭פְיָהּ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **beauty**, you could express the same idea in another way, as in the UST.
|
||||||
|
6:25 rx3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).\n
|
||||||
|
6:25 m7d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְאַל־תִּ֝קָּֽחֲךָ֗ 1 Here, Solomon refers to a woman seducing a man as if she could **take** him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and do not let her tempt you”
|
||||||
|
6:25 f4km rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּעַפְעַפֶּֽיהָ 1 This phrase refers to a woman using her **eyelashes** to look more attractive and seduce a man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly or use an expression that has the same meaning in your language. Alternate translation: “by glancing seductively”
|
||||||
|
6:26 o5j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּ֤י 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is a reason for the commands in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do not do those things because”\n
|
||||||
|
6:26 xrol rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְעַד־אִשָּׁ֥ה זוֹנָ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to refer to **the price** that a person pays to have sex with **a prostitute woman**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly or use a euphemism for this idea. Alternate translation: “the price to sleep with a prostitute woman”
|
||||||
|
6:26 p3jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כִּכַּ֫ר לָ֥חֶם 1 In this culture, **a loaf of bread** was inexpensive daily food. A **loaf of bread** is a lump of flour dough that a person has shaped and baked. If your readers would not be familiar with **bread** should could use the name of an inexpensive food that is commonly eaten in your country or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “inexpensive food”
|
||||||
|
6:26 iizq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֥שֶׁת אִ֑ישׁ 1 Here, Solomon implies that this **wife of a man** is an adulterous woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but a married woman who commits adultery”
|
||||||
|
6:26 k5fu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶ֖פֶשׁ יְקָרָ֣ה תָצֽוּד 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a adulterous woman causing the man she commits adultery with to die as if she **hunts** him the way a hunter **hunts** an animal. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “kills a precious life”
|
||||||
|
6:27 gzh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיַחְתֶּ֤ה אִ֓ישׁ אֵ֬שׁ בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize the truth of what he is saying. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Surely a man could not carry a fire on his chest and his clothes not be burned!”
|
||||||
|
6:27-28 s1ud rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הֲיַחְתֶּ֤ה אִ֓ישׁ אֵ֬שׁ בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה׃ & אִם־יְהַלֵּ֣ךְ אִ֭ישׁ עַל־הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה׃ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second clause emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Could a man carry a fire on his chest and his clothes not be burned? Indeed, if a man walks on coals then will his feet not be scorched?”
|
||||||
|
6:27 f8ut rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo הֲיַחְתֶּ֤ה אִ֓ישׁ אֵ֬שׁ בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה 1 Here, Solomon is referring to the negative consequences of committing adultery as if a man were burning himself with **fire**. Since this comparison is explained in [6:29](../06/29.md), you do not need to explain its meaning further here.
|
||||||
|
6:27 t3xy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֓ישׁ & בְּחֵיק֑וֹ וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו 1 Here, **a man** and **his** do not refer to a specific **man**. They refer to any person who does this thing. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “a person … on that person’s chest and that person’s clothes”
|
||||||
|
6:27 sew8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִשָּׂרַֽפְנָה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the fire not burn his clothes”
|
||||||
|
6:27 pt18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ֝בְגָדָ֗יו 1 Here, **clothes** refers to the person who is wearing those **clothes**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and he” or “and that person”
|
||||||
|
6:28 r98z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אִם־יְהַלֵּ֣ךְ אִ֭ישׁ עַל־הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה 1 Solomon is using the question form to emphasize the truth of what he is saying. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Surely if a man walks on coals, then his feet will be scorched!”
|
||||||
|
6:28 tw8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִם־יְהַלֵּ֣ךְ אִ֭ישׁ עַל־הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה 1 Here, Solomon is referring to the negative consequences of committing adultery as if a man were burning himself with **coals**. Since this comparison is explained in [6:29](../06/29.md), you do not need to explain its meaning further here.
|
||||||
|
6:28 fy6m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אִ֭ישׁ & וְ֝רַגְלָ֗יו לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶֽינָה 1 Here, **a man** and **his** do not refer to a specific **man**. They refer to any person who does this thing. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “a person … then will that person’s feet not be scorched”
|
||||||
|
6:28 kf2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַגֶּחָלִ֑ים 1 Here, **coals** refers to small pieces of burning wood that are often used for cooking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “burning wood pieces”
|
||||||
|
6:29 xlmj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כֵּ֗ן 1 **So** here indicates that what follows explains the meaning of the statements made in the previous two verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a fuller expression. Alternate translation: “In the same situation”
|
||||||
|
6:29 gh7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism הַ֭בָּא אֶל & הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּֽהּ 1 Here, **going to** and **touches** both refer to someone having sexual relations with another person. This is a polite way of referring to something that is offensive or embarrassing in some cultures. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different polite way of referring to this act or you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of “enter” in [2:19](../02/19.md). Alternate translation: “is the one who has sexual relations with … one who has sexual relations with her” or “is the one who sleeps with … one who sleeps with her”\n
|
||||||
|
6:29 vc2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֥א יִ֝נָּקֶ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon uses a figure of speech that expresses a strong positive meaning by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning positively. Alternate translation: “will certainly be guilty”
|
||||||
|
6:29 cmmu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֹ֥א יִ֝נָּקֶ֗ה 1 Here, Solomon uses **not remain blameless** to refer to the outcome of not being **blameless**, which is being punished for being guilty. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will not avoid punishment” or “will not remain unpunished”\n
|
||||||
|
6:30 fwq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹא־יָב֣וּזוּ 1 **They** here refers to people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “People”
|
||||||
|
6:30 zfch rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לַ֭גַּנָּב & יִגְנ֑וֹב &נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ & יִרְעָֽב 1 Here, **the thief**, **he**, and **his** do not refer to a specific **thief**. These words refer to any person who steals. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “thieves … they steal … their appetites … they are hungry”
|
||||||
|
6:30 i4y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יִגְנ֑וֹב 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply this word from the context, as in the UST.
|
||||||
|
6:30 kzru rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **appetite**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how hungry he is”
|
||||||
|
6:31 jnq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וְ֭נִמְצָא יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם & בֵּית֣וֹ יִתֵּֽן 1 Here, **he** and **his** refer to any person who steals, as indicated in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, use a more natural phrase. Alternate translation: “But if someone is found … that person must repay … that person’s house that person must give”
|
||||||
|
6:31 ugyl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֭נִמְצָא 1 Here. **found** implies not only discovering the thief but also catching him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “But if he is caught”
|
||||||
|
6:31 n1t7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ֭נִמְצָא 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But if someone finds him” or “But if someone catches him”
|
||||||
|
6:31 scwc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְשַׁלֵּ֣ם שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם 1 This clause implies that the thief **must repay** seven times the amount of what he stole to those to whom he stole it from. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he must repay sevenfold the amount of things that he stole to those people he stole them from”
|
||||||
|
6:31 b9ns rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כָּל־ה֖וֹן בֵּית֣וֹ 1 This phrase is an idiom that refers to everything that someone owns. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all that he owns”
|
||||||
|
6:32 nu7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast נֹאֵ֣ף 1 This verse says something that is in contrast to what was said about the thief in the previous two verses. Use a natural way in your language to express a strong contrast. Alternate translation: “However, one who commits adultery”
|
||||||
|
6:32 s8mh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns נֹאֵ֣ף 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **adultery**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “One who acts adulterously”
|
||||||
|
6:32 zker rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב 1 Here, Solomon uses **heart** to refer to a person’s ability to think. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is lacking the ability to think”
|
||||||
|
6:32 jhbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure מַֽשְׁחִ֥ית נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ ה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “he does what results in destroying his life”
|
||||||
|
6:32 a1pq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result מַֽשְׁחִ֥ית נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ 1 This clause is the result of what is described in the next clause. Use a natural way in your language to indicate a result. Alternate translation: “what will result in destroying his life”
|
||||||
|
6:32 r8fx rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ה֣וּא יַעֲשֶֽׂנָּה 1 Here, the pronoun **it** refers to **adultery**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he commits adultery”
|
||||||
|
6:33 mv0l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֶֽגַע־וְקָל֥וֹן יִמְצָ֑א וְ֝חֶרְפָּת֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה 1 Solomon implies that these things will happen to the adulterous man because he committed adultery. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Because he committed adultery, he will find a wound and disgrace and his shame will not be wiped out”
|
||||||
|
6:33 m2lu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶֽגַע־וְקָל֥וֹן יִמְצָ֑א 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the adulterous man receiving **a wound and disgrace** as if they were objects that a person would **find**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will receive a wound and disgrace” or “He will become wounded and disgraced”
|
||||||
|
6:33 t4bo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְקָל֥וֹן & וְ֝חֶרְפָּת֗וֹ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **disgrace** and **shame**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “and be disgraced and how shameful he is”
|
||||||
|
6:33 xhjy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he will never wipe out”
|
||||||
|
6:33 c8nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה 1 Solomon is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “will always remain”
|
||||||
|
6:33 wuyt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֣א תִמָּחֶֽה 1 Here, Solomon refers to the adulterous man’s **shame** never ceasing as if **shame** were a stain that could **not be wiped** away. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will not cease”
|
||||||
|
6:34 lyk4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is the reason why what Solomon stated in in the previous verse is true. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “This is due to the fact that”\n
|
||||||
|
6:34 q8d2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קִנְאָ֥ה & נָקָֽם 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **jealousy** and **vengeance**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “being jealous … being avenged”
|
||||||
|
6:34 w6nf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חֲמַת־גָּ֑בֶר 1 Here, **heat** refers to extreme anger, which causes the angry person’s body to become hot. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is the rage of a man”
|
||||||
|
6:34 htuv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit גָּ֑בֶר וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל 1 Here, **man** and **he** refer to the husband who has just found out that his wife has committed adultery. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “a husband of an adulterous woman, and that husband will not spare”
|
||||||
|
6:34 qsy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל 1 Solomon is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “and he will be merciless”\n
|
||||||
|
6:34 f6oy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חְמ֗וֹל 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and he will not spare the man who slept with his wife”
|
||||||
|
6:34 rc71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּי֣וֹם נָקָֽם 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **the day** when **vengeance** occurs. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “when vengeance occurs”
|
||||||
|
6:35 b2ym rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹא־יִ֭שָּׂא & וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה 1 In this verse, the pronoun **he** refers to the man who has just found out that his wife has committed adultery. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The husband of an adulterous wife will not life up … and that husband will not be willing”
|
||||||
|
6:35 fly2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־יִ֭שָּׂא פְּנֵ֣י 1 Here, the phrase **lift up the face of** is an idiom that means “regard.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will not regard”
|
||||||
|
6:35 pc8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כֹּ֑פֶר & שֹֽׁחַד 1 Here, the words **ransom** and **bribe** refer to money that a man would give to the husband of the woman he has committed adultery with in order to avoid harm or stop the man from being angry. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “money offered to appease him … that money”
|
||||||
|
6:35 w09z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְלֹֽא־יֹ֝אבֶ֗ה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and he will not be willing to be appeased” or “and he will not stop being angry”
|
||||||
|
7:intro pk5f 0 # Proverbs 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n * The Story of an Adulterer (7:1–27)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### My Son\n\nOccasionally, Solomon addresses a series of proverbs to “my son” or “sons.” This does not mean that those proverbs only apply to males. Instead, these phrases are forms used to pass on advice from a father to his son, and the kind of advice in these proverbs is about common temptations of young men.\n\n### Adulterous women\n\nThis chapter continues the theme about adulterous women and warns young men to avoid any adulterous woman, who is called “strange” and “foreign.” (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/adultery]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### The historic present\n\nTo call attention to developments in the story, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in [7:8–13](../07/08.md) and [21–22](../07/21.md). If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense]])
|
||||||
|
7:1 at6w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תִּצְפֹּ֥ן 1 See how you translated the same use of **store up** in [2:1](../02/01.md).
|
||||||
|
7:1 e0if rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֝מִצְוֺתַ֗י 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **commandments** in [2:1](../02/01.md).
|
||||||
|
7:2 a8m4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שְׁמֹ֣ר מִצְוֺתַ֣י וֶחְיֵ֑ה 1 See how you translated the same clause in [4:4](../04/04.md).
|
||||||
|
7:2 mzcb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ֝תוֹרָתִ֗י כְּאִישׁ֥וֹן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply the word from the first clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and keep my law as the pupil of your eyes”\n
|
||||||
|
7:2 sxxs rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns וְ֝תוֹרָתִ֗י 1 See how you translated **law** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
||||||
|
7:2 xfb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּאִישׁ֥וֹן עֵינֶֽיךָ 1 Here, Solomon refers to his **law** as if it were **the pupil of your eyes**. He means that people should value wise rules as much as they value their ability to see and protect their eyes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as your most valuable possession”
|
||||||
|
7:3 g5jv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor קָשְׁרֵ֥ם עַל־אֶצְבְּעֹתֶ֑יךָ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of always remembering something, as if what should be remembered were an object tied to the person’s fingers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Remember them at all times”
|
||||||
|
7:3 wszl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns קָשְׁרֵ֥ם & כָּ֝תְבֵ֗ם 1 In this verse, **them** refers to “my commandments,” which are referred to in the previous two verses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Tie my commandments … write my commandments”
|
||||||
|
7:3 c4yy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּ֝תְבֵ֗ם עַל־ל֥וּחַ לִבֶּֽךָ 1 See how you translated this clause in [3:3](../03/03.md).
|
||||||
|
7:4 zi3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אֱמֹ֣ר לַֽ֭חָכְמָה אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ וּ֝מֹדָ֗ע לַבִּינָ֥ה תִקְרָֽא 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Say to wisdom, ‘You {are} my sister,’ yes, call to understanding, ‘Kinsman,’”
|
||||||
|
7:4 hv4f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations אֱמֹ֣ר לַֽ֭חָכְמָה אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ וּ֝מֹדָ֗ע לַבִּינָ֥ה תִקְרָֽא 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could express these two clauses as indirect quotations. Alternate translation: “Say to wisdom than she is your sister, and all to understanding that she is your kinsman”
|
||||||
|
7:4 b9wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לַֽ֭חָכְמָה & לַבִּינָ֥ה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).\n
|
||||||
|
7:4 jn44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification אֱמֹ֣ר לַֽ֭חָכְמָה אֲחֹ֣תִי אָ֑תְּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **wisdom** as if it were a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Value wisdom as if it were a woman to whom you would say, ‘You are my sister,’”
|
||||||
|
7:4 z4x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וּ֝מֹדָ֗ע לַבִּינָ֥ה תִקְרָֽא 1 Here, Solomon speaks of **understanding** as if it were a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and value understanding as if it were someone whom you would call, ‘Kinsman,’”
|
||||||
|
7:4 j17k וּ֝מֹדָ֗ע לַבִּינָ֥ה תִקְרָֽא 1 Although the term **Kinsman** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that could refer to any close relative. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “and call to understanding, ‘Family member,’”
|
||||||
|
7:5 xkl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵאִשָּׁ֣ה זָרָ֑ה 1 See how you translated **strange woman** in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||||
|
7:5 y9gh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “to keep you from the foreign woman”
|
||||||
|
7:5 s251 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ֝נָּכְרִיָּ֗ה אֲמָרֶ֥יהָ הֶחֱלִֽיקָה 1 See how you translated the same clause in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
||||||
|
7:6 bs2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כִּ֭י 1 **For** here introduces a story that Solomon tells in [7:6–23](../07/06.md) in order to warn his son against committing adultery. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a story. Alternate translation: “There was a time when”
|
||||||
|
7:6 qhy6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּחַלּ֣וֹן בֵּיתִ֑י 1 Solomon implies that he was standing **at the window** while looking out of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
|
||||||
|
7:6 orkg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּחַלּ֣וֹן בֵּיתִ֑י 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **window** that is in the side of his **house**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “at the window that is in the side of my house”
|
||||||
|
7:6 v7n1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶשְׁנַבִּ֣י 1 A **lattice** consists of thin strips of wood that cross one another in a slanted pattern and are placed over a **window** to partially cover it. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of **window** covering, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the window screen” or “the covering on the window”
|
||||||
|
7:6 ad5w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נִשְׁקָֽפְתִּי 1 Here, Solomon implies that he was standing at a location that was higher than the street outside. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I looked down at the street outside”
|
||||||
|
7:7 ie51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וָאֵ֤רֶא בַפְּתָאיִ֗ם 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the next clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “And I saw a young man among the naive ones”
|
||||||
|
7:7 il3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בַבָּנִ֗ים 1 Here, **sons** refers to young men. It does not specifically refer to Solomon’s **sons**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “among the young men”
|
||||||
|
7:7 cwb9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חֲסַר־לֵֽב 1 See how you translated this phrase in [6:32](../06/32.md).
|
||||||
|
7:8 i1kl rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns פִּנָּ֑הּ & בֵּיתָ֣הּ 1 In this verse, **her** refers to an adulterous woman, as referred to in [7:5](../07/05.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the corner of an adulterous woman … that woman’s house”
|
||||||
|
7:8 v7v4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit פִּנָּ֑הּ 1 Here, **corner** refers to the place where two roads intersect. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “her place at the intersection of two streets”
|
||||||
|
7:8 az9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession וְדֶ֖רֶךְ בֵּיתָ֣הּ יִצְעָֽד 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **way** that leads to **her house**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and he steps in the way that leads to her house”
|
||||||
|
7:8 ek8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense יִצְעָֽד 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “he stepped in”
|
||||||
|
7:9 ttvd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background בְּנֶֽשֶׁף־בְּעֶ֥רֶב י֑וֹם בְּאִישׁ֥וֹן לַ֝֗יְלָה וַאֲפֵלָֽה 1 Solomon provides this background information about the time period when the young man went to the adulterous woman’s house. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “Now it was the time of the twilight breeze, in the evening of day, in the pupil of the night and darkness”
|
||||||
|
7:9 ho8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּנֶֽשֶׁף־בְּעֶ֥רֶב י֑וֹם בְּאִישׁ֥וֹן לַ֝֗יְלָה וַאֲפֵלָֽה 1 The phrases **twilight breeze** and **evening of day** refer to the time when **evening** begins, but **the pupil of the night and darkness** refers to the time later in the **night**. Together these phrases indicate it getting progressively darker as the young man goes to the adulterous woman’s house. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the twilight breeze, in the evening of day, and even in the pupil of the night and darkness”
|
||||||
|
7:9 zn5n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּאִישׁ֥וֹן לַ֝֗יְלָה 1 Here, the middle of **the night** is referred to as a **pupil** because the **pupil** is the darkest part of the eye. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the middle of the night”
|
||||||
|
7:10 g5f8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense וְהִנֵּ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “And behold, there is”
|
||||||
|
7:10 gfjz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהִנֵּ֣ה 1 Here, **behold** is a term meant to focus the attention of the reader to what is about to happen next in the story. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use some emphatic term or expression in your language that would have this same effect. Alternate translation: “And pay attention to this: there was”\n
|
||||||
|
7:10 m3bj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לִקְרָאת֑וֹ 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “who came out to meet him”
|
||||||
|
7:10 bu68 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּנְצֻ֥רַת לֵֽב 1 The phrase **guarded of heart** is an idiom that refers to hiding one’s intentions or plans from other people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly or use an idiom from your language. Alternate translation: “and she planned to deceive someone” or “and being wily of heart”
|
||||||
|
7:11-12 vkd8 1 In these two verses, Solomon provides background information about the adulterous woman. In your translation, present this information in a way that makes it clear that this is background information.
|
||||||
|
7:11 p460 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense הֹמִיָּ֣ה & לֹא־יִשְׁכְּנ֥וּ 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “was a loud … did not stay”
|
||||||
|
7:11 es4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְּ֝בֵיתָ֗הּ לֹא־יִשְׁכְּנ֥וּ רַגְלֶֽיהָ 1 Solomon is using one part of a person, the **feet**, to represent the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “she did not stay in her house”
|
||||||
|
7:12 akyj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure פַּ֤עַם ׀ בַּח֗וּץ פַּ֥עַם בָּרְחֹב֑וֹת וְאֵ֖צֶל כָּל־פִּנָּ֣ה תֶאֱרֹֽב 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could change the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “She lies in ambush at one time in the street, at another time in the open areas, and beside every corner”
|
||||||
|
7:12 uo9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בַּח֗וּץ 1 The word **street** represents streets in general, not one particular street. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “in the streets”
|
||||||
|
7:12 hiss rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit פִּנָּ֣ה 1 See how you translated **corner** in [7:8](../07/08.md).
|
||||||
|
7:12 dezc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense תֶאֱרֹֽב 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “she lay in ambush”
|
||||||
|
7:12 h64f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תֶאֱרֹֽב 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the adulterous woman looking for a man to persuade to have sex with her as if she were preparing to attack someone by surprise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “she waited to find someone she could persuade to have sex with”
|
||||||
|
7:13 l1ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential וְהֶחֱזִ֣יקָה 1 **Then** here indicates that what follows is the continuation of the narrative from [7:10](../07/10.md), which Solomon had interrupted with background information in [7:11–12](../07/11.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could show reference to earlier events by translating this relationship by using a fuller phrase. Alternate translation: “After she meets him, she grabs”\n
|
||||||
|
7:13 lfso rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense וְהֶחֱזִ֣יקָה & וְנָ֣שְׁקָה & הֵעֵ֥זָה & וַתֹּ֣אמַר 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “And she grabbed … and kissed … she strengthened … and said”
|
||||||
|
7:13 vef7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הֵעֵ֥זָה פָ֝נֶ֗יהָ 1 Here, **strengthens her face** means that the woman had a facial expression that showed how shameless or impudent she was. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a similar expression from your language or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “she had a brazen face” or “with a shameless expression on her face”
|
||||||
|
7:14 sa2m זִבְחֵ֣י שְׁלָמִ֣ים עָלָ֑י 1 The woman implies that she has meat to eat at her home because someone who made **peace offerings** was allowed to keep some of the meat that was offered to Yahweh in the temple (see [Leviticus 7:11–17](../lev/07/11.md) and [1 Samuel 9:11–13](../1sa/09/11.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I have leftover meat from the sacrifices of peace offerings I made to Yahweh in the temple”
|
||||||
|
7:14 ei2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַ֝יּ֗וֹם שִׁלַּ֥מְתִּי נְדָרָֽי 1 Here, **vows** refers to the **sacrifices of peace offerings** that the woman promised to sacrifice to God. According to [Leviticus 7:16](../lev/07/16.md), the woman would have to eat the meat leftover from paying her **vows** by the end of the next day. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I made the sacrifices I promised to give to God”
|
||||||
|
7:15 zhni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לְשַׁחֵ֥ר 1 The woman is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “I came out to diligently seek”
|
||||||
|
7:15 fys2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche פָּ֝נֶ֗יךָ 1 Here, **face** refers to being in the presence of the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your presence” or “where you are”
|
||||||
|
7:16 k6lt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown עַרְשִׂ֑י 1 Here, **couch** refers to a platform that wealthy people would sit or lie on in order to rest or sleep. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of furniture, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “my place for resting”
|
||||||
|
7:16 bi4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַ֭רְבַדִּים & חֲ֝טֻב֗וֹת אֵט֥וּן מִצְרָֽיִם 1 Here, the woman describes the **coverings** as being **colored linen of Egypt**, which is expensive and luxurious fabric. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “with coverings, which are expensive colored linen of Egypt”
|
||||||
|
7:17 g7k4 נַ֥פְתִּי מִשְׁכָּבִ֑י 1 Alternate translation: “scattered on my bed”
|
||||||
|
7:17 ibk7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מֹ֥ר אֲ֝הָלִ֗ים וְקִנָּמֽוֹן 1 This mixture of **myrrh**, **aloes**, and **cinnamon** consisted of pleasant-smelling substances that were mixed together and used like perfume. If your readers would not be familiar with these substances, you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “with pleasant-smelling substances”\n
|
||||||
|
7:18 w7yl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נִרְוֶ֣ה דֹ֭דִים 1 The word translated **drench** refers to giving a baby a satisfying amount of milk. Here, the woman speaks about satisfying one’s sexual desires as if one were satisfying the thirst of a hungry baby. If it would be helpful in your language, your could express the meaning plainly or use a more general expression. Alternate translation: “let us satisfy our sexual desires” or “let us satisfy ourselves with lusts as a mother’s breasts fill her child with food”\n
|
||||||
|
7:18 h91x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דֹ֭דִים & בָּאֳהָבִֽים 1 The words **lusts** and **loves** are plural here for emphasis. In this verse, both words refer to passionate sexual activity. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “intense lust … with intense love”
|
||||||
|
7:19 ykvp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּ֤י 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is the reason why the woman thinks that it is safe for the young man to come with her, as she told him in the previous verse. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a reason. Alternate translation: “We can do this because”
|
||||||
|
7:19 vc42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָאִ֣ישׁ 1 Here, **the man** refers to the woman’s husband. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the man whom I married”
|
||||||
|
7:19 jib6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּבֵית֑וֹ 1 Here, the woman speaks of the **house** that she lives in with her husband as if it were **his house**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in our house”
|
||||||
|
7:19 lzod rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ מֵרָחֽוֹק 1 Here, **road** refers to a journey that would include traveling on a **road**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “on a journey to a far away place”
|
||||||
|
7:20 v65w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit צְֽרוֹר־הַ֭כֶּסֶף לָקַ֣ח בְּיָד֑וֹ 1 This clause implies that the woman’s husband will be gone for a long time because he took a lot of money with him when he left. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “He will be gone for a long time because he took the bag of the silver in his hand”
|
||||||
|
7:20 aop7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession צְֽרוֹר־הַ֭כֶּסֶף 1 Here, the woman is using the possessive form to describe a **bag** that is full of **silver**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the bag full of silver”
|
||||||
|
7:20 zw96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַ֝כֵּ֗סֶא 1 The phrase **full moon** refers to the **moon** when it looks like a perfectly round disk in the sky, shining at its brightest. This occurs at the middle of each month. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the moon shining its brightest”
|
||||||
|
7:20 hel0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בֵיתֽוֹ 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
|
||||||
|
7:21 rcm0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense הִ֭טַּתּוּ & תַּדִּיחֶֽנּוּ 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “She led him astray … she compelled him”
|
||||||
|
7:21 ev91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הִ֭טַּתּוּ & לִקְחָ֑הּ & שְׂ֝פָתֶ֗יהָ תַּדִּיחֶֽנּוּ 1 **She** and **her** in this verse refer to the adulterous woman who was spoke in [7:14–20](../07/14.md) and **him** refers to the young man whom she is seducing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The adulterous woman led the young man astray … that woman’s teaching … that woman’s lips she compels that man”
|
||||||
|
7:21 ptg3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִ֭טַּתּוּ 1 Here, Solomon speaks of the woman persuading the young man to do something as if she were causing him to change the direction in which he was walking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “She persuaded him”
|
||||||
|
7:21 lq2h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּרֹ֣ב לִקְחָ֑הּ 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to refer to an abundant amount of **teaching**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “with her abundant amount of teaching”
|
||||||
|
7:21 l3nt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּחֵ֥לֶק שְׂ֝פָתֶ֗יהָ 1 Here, Solomon refers to the seductive speech of the adulterous woman as if it were **the smoothness of her lips**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with her seductive speech”\n
|
||||||
|
7:21 c6k6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תַּדִּיחֶֽנּוּ 1 Here, Solomon implies that the adulterous woman compelled the young man to commit adultery with her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “she compelled him to go with her” or “she compelled him to have sex with her”
|
||||||
|
7:22 sscq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כְּ֭שׁוֹר אֶל־טָ֣בַח 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a clause would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “like an ox that is going to slaughter”
|
||||||
|
7:22 rvi9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּ֭שׁוֹר אֶל־טָ֣בַח יָב֑וֹא 1 Solomon compares the young man who does not know that he was going to die to **an ox** that was unknowingly going to be slaughtered. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “he unknowingly goes to be killed”
|
||||||
|
7:22 qxqd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense יָב֑וֹא 1 Here, Solomon uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense. Alternate translation: “he went”
|
||||||
|
7:22 pk4m rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants וּ֝כְעֶ֗כֶס אֶל־מוּסַ֥ר אֱוִֽיל 1 The ULT is a translation of the Hebrew text for this clause. However, some ancient translations of this clause read “and like a deer to a trap.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
|
||||||
|
7:22 tal5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝כְעֶ֗כֶס אֶל־מוּסַ֥ר אֱוִֽיל 1 Here, Solomon compares the man not being able to escape his death as if he were a **fool** who could not escape **correction** because he had a **chain** around his **ankle**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the language plainly. Alternate translation: “and he will inevitably die”
|
||||||
|
7:22 qrn6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסַ֥ר 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **correction** in [3:11](../03/11.md).
|
||||||
|
7:23 t5u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְפַלַּ֪ח חֵ֡ץ כְּֽבֵד֗וֹ 1 Here, **liver** refers to an organ in one’s body that one needs in order to remain alive. Solomon means that the **arrow** will kill whomever it strikes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “an arrow pierces his vital organs” or “an arrow kills him”
|
||||||
|
7:23 r6zr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּמַהֵ֣ר צִפּ֣וֹר אֶל־פָּ֑ח 1 Solomon compares the young man who is quickly doing something that will kill him to **a bird rushing into a trap**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he quickly goes to be killed”
|
||||||
|
7:23 qgxo rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הֽוּא 1 The pronoun **it** here refers to committing adultery. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “committing adultery” or “having sex with a married woman”
|
||||||
|
7:23 zvp5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְנַפְשׁ֥וֹ הֽוּא 1 This phrase is an idiom that means that this person will die as a result of what he did. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an idiom with the same meaning from your language or you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it would cost him his life” or “it would kill him”
|
||||||
|
7:24 wen3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְעַתָּ֣ה בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ־לִ֑י 1 **And now** here indicates a transition from the story of the adulterous woman and young man in [7:6–23](../07/06.md) to the call to pay attention that follows. See how you translated the same clause in [5:7](../05/07.md).\n
|
||||||
|
7:24 mtq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases לְאִמְרֵי־פִֽי 1 See how you translated this phrase in [4:5](../04/05.md).
|
||||||
|
7:25 l3s9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אַל־יֵ֣שְׂטְ אֶל־דְּרָכֶ֣יהָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ אַל־תֵּ֝תַע בִּנְתִיבוֹתֶֽיהָ 1 These two clauses mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “Do not let your heart turn aside to her ways; yes, do not wander into her tracks”\n
|
||||||
|
7:25 gk8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־יֵ֣שְׂטְ אֶל־דְּרָכֶ֣יהָ לִבֶּ֑ךָ אַל־תֵּ֝תַע בִּנְתִיבוֹתֶֽיהָ 1 Here, Solomon speaks behaving like an adulterous woman as if one were turning **aside** to go on **her ways** or wandering on **her tracks**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated **ways** in [3:6](../03/06.md) and **tracks** in [2:15](../02/15.md). Alternate translation: “Do not let your heart want to do the things that the adulterous woman does; do not do anything that she does”
|
||||||
|
7:25 wm1h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבֶּ֑ךָ 1 See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
|
||||||
|
7:26 ncnb rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result כִּֽי 1 **For** here indicates that what follows is a reason for the commands in the previous verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a reason for what came before. Alternate translation: “Do not do those things because”\n
|
||||||
|
7:26 umha rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun הִפִּ֑ילָה & הֲרֻגֶֽיהָ 1 In this verse, **she** and **her** refer to any adulterous woman, not one specific adulterous wife. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “an adulterous woman has caused … to fall … ones slain by such a woman”
|
||||||
|
7:26 xx9k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חֲלָלִ֣ים 1 Here, **pierced ones** refers to people who have been killed, since people were often killed by being **pierced** by spears or arrows. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “dead ones”
|
||||||
|
7:26 hewm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִפִּ֑ילָה 1 Here, Solomon uses **fall** to refer to dying. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “she has caused … to die”
|
||||||
|
7:26 xb2q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֲרֻגֶֽיהָ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom she has slain”
|
||||||
|
7:27 h6jn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּיתָ֑הּ 1 See how you translated the same use of **Her house** in [2:18](../02/18.md).
|
||||||
|
7:27 cs4s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דַּרְכֵ֣י שְׁא֣וֹל 1 Although **ways** here is plural, it refers to the singular **house** at the beginning of this verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the singular form here. Alternate translation: “is the way of Sheol”
|
||||||
|
7:27 g21s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession דַּרְכֵ֣י שְׁא֣וֹל 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **ways** that result in someone going to **Sheol**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is the way that lead to Sheol” or “is the way that cause one to go to Sheol”
|
||||||
|
7:27 ayvy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דַּרְכֵ֣י 1 See how you translated **ways** in [3:6](../03/06.md).
|
||||||
|
7:27 ry42 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יֹ֝רְד֗וֹת אֶל־חַדְרֵי־מָֽוֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a man doing something that would result in his death as if he were going on a path that is **descending to the chambers of death**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “results in a man dying” or “causes a man to die”\n
|
||||||
|
7:27 fvmk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חַדְרֵי־מָֽוֶת 1 This phrase refers to the place where people’s spirits go when they die, which was called **Sheol** in the previous clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the place where the spirits of dead people dwell” or “the place of the dead”\n
|
||||||
8:intro z8jj 0 # Proverbs 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n * The Story of an Adulterer (7:1–27)\n * Wisdom benefits the wise (8:1–36)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Wisdom calls out\n\nThe addressee of this chapter is broader than “my son,” but is personal like the previous chapters’ use of “my son.” In this case, Wisdom is calling out for all to come and learn of her, in contrast to the adulteress mentioned in chapters 5–7. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
8:intro z8jj 0 # Proverbs 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2. A father teaches his son about wisdom (1:8–9:18)\n * Avoid evil companions (1:8–19)\n * Do not reject wisdom (1:20–33)\n * Wisdom prevents people from committing crime or adultery (2:1–22)\n * Humbly trust Yahweh (3:1–12)\n * The value of wisdom (3:13–20)\n * Do not act wickedly (3:21–35)\n * Wisdom will benefit you (4:1–9)\n * Behave wisely and avoid those who do not (4:10–19)\n * Live righteously (4:20–27)\n * Avoid temptation to commit adultery (5:1–23)\n * Practical warnings (6:1–19)\n * Adultery will be punished (6:20–35)\n * The Story of an Adulterer (7:1–27)\n * Wisdom benefits the wise (8:1–36)\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Wisdom calls out\n\nThe addressee of this chapter is broader than “my son,” but is personal like the previous chapters’ use of “my son.” In this case, Wisdom is calling out for all to come and learn of her, in contrast to the adulteress mentioned in chapters 5–7. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])
|
||||||
8:1 qsc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 # General Information:\n\nIn chapter 8 wisdom is spoken of as a woman who teaches people how to be wise. Many verses in chapter 8 have parallelisms. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
8:1 qsc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification 0 # General Information:\n\nIn chapter 8 wisdom is spoken of as a woman who teaches people how to be wise. Many verses in chapter 8 have parallelisms. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||||
8:1 v9h5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Does not Wisdom call out? 0 This question is used to remind the readers of something they should already know. Alternate translation: “Wisdom calls out”
|
8:1 v9h5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Does not Wisdom call out? 0 This question is used to remind the readers of something they should already know. Alternate translation: “Wisdom calls out”
|
||||||
|
|
Can't render this file because it is too large.
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue