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en_tn_49-GAL.tsv
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ GAL 1 intro f3n5 0 # Galatians 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting
GAL 1 1 o4ns Παῦλος 1 Here, Paul is introducing himself as the author of this letter. Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Use that here. Alternate Translation: “This letter is from me, Paul”
GAL 1 1 uhhp figs-123person Παῦλος 1 Paul is speaking of himself in the third person. If this is confusing in your language, you can use the first person. Alternate translations: “This letter is from me, Paul” or “I, Paul” (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person)
GAL 1 1 m4ss figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ δι’ ἀνθρώπου 1 General Information: If your readers would misunderstand this double negative, you could translate this phrase using only one negative word. Alternate translation: “not from men or through man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
GAL 1 1 rcnw figs-explicit οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων 1 Here, the word **from** indicates source. The phrase **not from men** refers to humans not being the source of Paul’s apostleship and means “not by the commission of humans” or “not through human commission.” If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “not through the commissioning of humans” or “not through human commission” or “not sent out by people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 1 1 rcnw figs-explicit οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων 1 Here, the word **from** indicates source. The phrase **not from men** refers to humans not being the source of Paul’s apostleship and means “not by the commission of humans” or “not through human commission.” If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “not through the commissioning of humans” or “not through human commission” or “not sent out by people” or “not because I was appointed and sent by a group of people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
GAL 1 1 yqma figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων…ἀνθρώπου 1 Although the terms **men** and **man** are masculine, Paul uses them here in a generic sense to refer humans in general. Alternate translation: “humans … humans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
GAL 1 1 k2dw δι’ ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 Both times that the word **through** is used in this verse it indicates agency or means and refers to the agency or means of Paul’s commission as an apostle. Choose the best word in your language to indicate the meaning of the word **through** here. Alternate translation: “through the agency of man, but through the agency of Jesus Christ and God the Father”
GAL 1 1 pvdp grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 Here, the word **but** introduces a contrast between different potential agents or means of Paul’s commission. The word **but** is introducing a contrast between Paul’s apostleship being **not through man** but rather being **through Jesus Christ and God the Father**. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ GAL 1 1 fyu8 figs-distinguish Θεοῦ Πατρὸς τοῦ ἐγείραντ
GAL 1 1 w3gr figs-nominaladj ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 Paul is using the adjective **dead** as a noun in order to indicate a group of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “from among the people who have died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
GAL 1 1 g5as 1
GAL 1 2 wmd2 1
GAL 1 2 aa9v 1
GAL 1 1 d1kd τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν 1 who raised him Alternate translation: “who caused him to live again”
GAL 1 2 d737 figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here, **brothers** means fellow Christians, including both men and women, since all believers in Christ are members of one spiritual family, with God as their heavenly Father. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
GAL 1 4 yk9g figs-metonymy περὶ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 for our sins Here, **sins** figuratively refers to the punishment for sin. Alternate translation: “to take the punishment we deserved because of our sins” or “to take the punishment for our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
4 GAL 1 1 o4ns Παῦλος 1 Here, Paul is introducing himself as the author of this letter. Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Use that here. Alternate Translation: “This letter is from me, Paul”
5 GAL 1 1 uhhp figs-123person Παῦλος 1 Paul is speaking of himself in the third person. If this is confusing in your language, you can use the first person. Alternate translations: “This letter is from me, Paul” or “I, Paul” (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person)
6 GAL 1 1 m4ss figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ δι’ ἀνθρώπου 1 General Information: If your readers would misunderstand this double negative, you could translate this phrase using only one negative word. Alternate translation: “not from men or through man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
7 GAL 1 1 rcnw figs-explicit οὐκ ἀπ’ ἀνθρώπων 1 Here, the word **from** indicates source. The phrase **not from men** refers to humans not being the source of Paul’s apostleship and means “not by the commission of humans” or “not through human commission.” If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “not through the commissioning of humans” or “not through human commission” or “not sent out by people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) Here, the word **from** indicates source. The phrase **not from men** refers to humans not being the source of Paul’s apostleship and means “not by the commission of humans” or “not through human commission.” If it would help your readers, you could express that explicitly. Alternate translation: “not through the commissioning of humans” or “not through human commission” or “not sent out by people” or “not because I was appointed and sent by a group of people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8 GAL 1 1 yqma figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπων…ἀνθρώπου 1 Although the terms **men** and **man** are masculine, Paul uses them here in a generic sense to refer humans in general. Alternate translation: “humans … humans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
9 GAL 1 1 k2dw δι’ ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 Both times that the word **through** is used in this verse it indicates agency or means and refers to the agency or means of Paul’s commission as an apostle. Choose the best word in your language to indicate the meaning of the word **through** here. Alternate translation: “through the agency of man, but through the agency of Jesus Christ and God the Father”
10 GAL 1 1 pvdp grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 Here, the word **but** introduces a contrast between different potential agents or means of Paul’s commission. The word **but** is introducing a contrast between Paul’s apostleship being **not through man** but rather being **through Jesus Christ and God the Father**. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
12 GAL 1 1 w3gr figs-nominaladj ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 Paul is using the adjective **dead** as a noun in order to indicate a group of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “from among the people who have died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
13 GAL 1 1 g5as 1
14 GAL 1 2 wmd2 1
15 GAL 1 2 aa9v 1
16 GAL 1 1 d1kd τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν 1 who raised him Alternate translation: “who caused him to live again”
17 GAL 1 2 d737 figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here, **brothers** means fellow Christians, including both men and women, since all believers in Christ are members of one spiritual family, with God as their heavenly Father. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
18 GAL 1 4 yk9g figs-metonymy περὶ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 for our sins Here, **sins** figuratively refers to the punishment for sin. Alternate translation: “to take the punishment we deserved because of our sins” or “to take the punishment for our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])