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@ -1933,9 +1933,9 @@ HEB 12 23 af20 figs-nominaladj πάντων 1 registered in heaven The author is
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HEB 12 23 oltb figs-explicit πνεύμασι δικαίων 1 registered in heaven This group of people could be: (1) all the people of God who have died. Alternate translation: “to the spirits of the dead righteous ones” (2) the same group as the **church of {the} firstborn {ones}**, that is, all the people of God without distinction. Alternate translation: “to the spirits of all God’s righteous people” (3) all the people of God who lived before Jesus came. Alternate translation: “to the spirits of the righteous Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 12 23 i7qb figs-activepassive τετελειωμένων 1 who have been made perfect If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on those who are **made perfect** rather than focusing on the person doing the “perfecting.” If you must state who did the action, the author implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: “whom God has made perfect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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HEB 12 24 kq1v figs-possession διαθήκης νέας μεσίτῃ 1 the mediator of a new covenant Here the author uses the possessive form to describe how Jesus functions as the **mediator** for a **new covenant**. If your readers would misunderstand that form, you could express the idea in a more natural way. See how you translated the similar phrase in [9:15](../09/15.md). Alternate translation: “who mediates a new covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
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HEB 12 24 nz8l figs-personification αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ, κρεῖττον λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἂβελ 1 the sprinkled blood that speaks better than Abel’s blood
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HEB 12 24 ntri figs-explicit αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ 1 blood
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HEB 12 24 z7uq figs-metonymy αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ 1 blood Scholars debate what the **blood** of Jesus represents in Hebrews. It could refer to his resurrected body, his death, or his actual blood. See the book introduction for more information on what Jesus’ **blood** refers to. Since **blood** is a very important concept in Hebrews, preserve the word here if at all possible. Alternate translation: “to the sprinkled blood, which is his sacrifice,” or “to the blood of Jesus, that is, his death, which is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 12 24 nz8l figs-personification αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ, κρεῖττον λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἂβελ 1 the sprinkled blood that speaks better than Abel’s blood Here the author speaks as if the **blood** were a person who could be **speaking**. He speaks in this way to refer to what the **blood** means or accomplishes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or plain language. Alternate translation: “to the sprinkled blood which is like a person who speaks better than Abel” or “to the sprinkled blood which means more to us than that of Abel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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HEB 12 24 ntri figs-explicit αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ 1 blood Here, the phrase **sprinkled blood** refers to Jesus’ blood. The word **sprinkled** indicates that the **blood** accomplishes cleansing and purification. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make either or both of these implications more explicit. Alternate translation: “to the cleansing blood of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 12 24 z7uq figs-metonymy αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ 1 blood Scholars debate what the **blood** of Jesus represents in Hebrews. It could refer to his resurrected body, his death, or his actual blood. See the book introduction for more information on what Jesus’ **blood** refers to. Since **blood** is a very important concept in Hebrews, preserve the word here if at all possible. Alternate translation: “to the sprinkled blood, which is his sacrifice,” or “to the sprinkled blood of Jesus, that is, his death, which is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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HEB 12 24 jn62 figs-explicit κρεῖττον λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἂβελ 1 blood Here the author is referring to a story about how **Abel** was killed by his brother. He has already referred to this story in [11:4](../11/04.md). Here, he focuses on how God tells Abel’s brother that Abel’s blood “cries out” from the ground, with the implication being that Abel’s blood asks God to take vengeance on his brother (see [Genesis 4:10](../gen/04/10.md)). The author here contrasts the blood of **Abel** that cries out for vengeance with the **sprinkled blood** of Jesus, which purifies his people and brings salvation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this comparison more explicit. Alternate translation: “speaking of a better salvation than Abel” or “speaking of salvation rather than the vengeance that Abel spoke of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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HEB 12 24 cggv figs-ellipsis παρὰ τὸν Ἂβελ 1 blood This phrase leaves out some words that many languages might need to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the first half of the sentence. The author might be implying: (1) **blood speaking**. Alternate translation: “than Abel’s blood speaks” (2) Abel **speaking**. Alternate translation: “than Abel speaks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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HEB 12 24 w9jj translate-names τὸν Ἂβελ 1 The word **Abel** is the name of a man. He was the second son of the first couple, Adam and Eve. The author has already named him in [11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
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