Reference ID Tags Quote Occurrence Question Response front:intro pla1 0 # James Study Questions\n\nAsk yourself these questions as you carefully read this letter, and pray to God that he will open your eyes to see his message clearly. 1:1 uk55 basic,observe Ἰάκωβος, Θεοῦ καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, δοῦλος 1 How does **James** here refer to himself? 1:1 f1b5 basic,interpret Ἰάκωβος, Θεοῦ καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, δοῦλος 1 Scholars generally agree that **James** was a brother of Jesus and the leader of the Jerusalem church. Why do you think he identified himself as **a servant** instead? 1:1 qhd9 basic,observe ταῖς δώδεκα φυλαῖς ταῖς ἐν τῇ διασπορᾷ 1 To whom does Jame write this letter? 1:1 hyp6 basic,interpret ταῖς δώδεκα φυλαῖς 1 To whom does **the twelve tribes** refer? 1:1 hud2 basic,observe ταῖς ἐν τῇ διασπορᾷ 1 Where were **the twelve tribes** located at the time when James wrote? 1:1 z9dq basic,interpret ταῖς ἐν τῇ διασπορᾷ 1 What does **the Dispersion** mean? 1:2 l000 basic,observe πᾶσαν χαρὰν ἡγήσασθε, ἀδελφοί μου, ὅταν πειρασμοῖς περιπέσητε ποικίλοις 1 According to James, how should the readers view the **trials of many kinds** that they encountered? 1:2 fud1 basic,apply πᾶσαν χαρὰν ἡγήσασθε, ἀδελφοί μου, ὅταν πειρασμοῖς περιπέσητε ποικίλοις 1 How typical is it for anyone to consider **trials of many kinds** to be **pure joy**? 1:2 l001 basic,interpret ὅταν πειρασμοῖς περιπέσητε ποικίλοις 1 What does James mean when he says the **trials** will be **of many kinds**? 1:3 nr63 basic,observe γινώσκοντες ὅτι τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως κατεργάζεται ὑπομονήν 1 Here **because** introduces the reason that the readers will be able to consider trials to be pure joy. What is that reason? 1:3 vhj8 basic,observe τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως 1 What phrase does James here use to describe the trials of the readers? 1:3 h7q1 basic,apply τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως 1 What difference might it make if the readers would view their trials as **the testing** of their **faith**? 1:3 l002 basic,observe τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως κατεργάζεται ὑπομονήν 1 According to James, what is the end result of **the testing** of their **faith**? 1:3 l003 basic,apply τὸ δοκίμιον ὑμῶν τῆς πίστεως κατεργάζεται ὑπομονήν 1 In what ways might having your faith tested result in you having greater **perseverance**? 1:4 gb16 basic,interpret ἡ δὲ ὑπομονὴ ἔργον τέλειον ἐχέτω 1 What does James mean when he tells the readers to allow perseverance **to finish its work**? 1:4 l004 basic,observe ἵνα ἦτε τέλειοι καὶ ὁλόκληροι, ἐν μηδενὶ λειπόμενοι 1 Here **so that** introduces the result of allowing **perseverance to finish its work**. What is that result? 1:4 a4q9 basic,observe ἦτε τέλειοι καὶ ὁλόκληροι, ἐν μηδενὶ λειπόμενοι 1 What does James mean when he speaks of a person being **mature and complete, not lacking anything**? 1:5 l228 basic,interpet εἰ δέ τις ὑμῶν λείπεται σοφίας 1 In light of the previous verse, if a believer **lacks wisdom**, what is the condition of his spiritual growth? 1:5 gzw1 basic,observe εἰ δέ τις ὑμῶν λείπεται σοφίας, αἰτείτω & Θεοῦ 1 What should a believer do if he **lacks wisdom**? 1:5 d3ua basic,observe αἰτείτω παρὰ τοῦ διδόντος, Θεοῦ, πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς, καὶ μὴ ὀνειδίζοντος, καὶ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ 1 How will **God** respond to the believer who asks him for **wisdom**? 1:6 nnu9 basic,observe αἰτείτω δὲ ἐν πίστει, μηδὲν διακρινόμενος 1 What does God require from the person who asks him for wisdom? 1:6 uu87 basic,interpret αἰτείτω δὲ ἐν πίστει 1 How do we know that James is here speaking to believers? 1:6 l009 basic,observe ὁ γὰρ διακρινόμενος ἔοικεν κλύδωνι θαλάσσης, ἀνεμιζομένῳ καὶ ῥιπιζομένῳ 1 Here **because** introduces the reason that God will not answer the person who asks while doubting him. What is that reason? 1:6 csc9 basic,interpret ἔοικεν κλύδωνι θαλάσσης, ἀνεμιζομένῳ καὶ ῥιπιζομένῳ 1 Here James uses the image of **a wave of the sea, blown and tossed by the wind**. What is the meaning of that image? 1:7 c7cj basic,observe μὴ γὰρ οἰέσθω ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐκεῖνος, ὅτι λήμψεταί τι παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, 1 What can a man who doubts **expect to receive** **from the Lord**? 1:8 l010 basic,observe ἀνὴρ δίψυχος, ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ. 1 How does James here describe a man who doubts? 1:6,8 l011 basic,observe κλύδωνι θαλάσσης, ἀνεμιζομένῳ καὶ ῥιπιζομένῳ & ἀνὴρ δίψυχος, ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ 1 How is the description of **a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways** similar to the image of **a wave of the sea, blown and tossed by the wind** in verse 6? 1:8 jr7f basic,interpret ἀνὴρ δίψυχος 1 What does it mean for a man to be **double-minded**? 1:8 l012 basic,interpret ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ 1 Why would doubt cause a man to be **unstable in all his ways**? 1:8 vyl8 basic,apply ἀνὴρ δίψυχος, ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ. 1 Why would God, who gives generously to those with faith, not be willing to give anything to **a double-minded man** who is **unstable in all his ways**? 1:9 abc1 basic,observe a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways 1 According to James, how should a brother respond to his **humble circumstances**? 1:9 wed9 basic,interpret ὁ ἀδελφὸς 1 Why doe James refer to this person as the **brother**? 1:9 vq5g basic,observe ὁ ταπεινὸς 1 What does **humble circumstances** mean? 1:9 pa9c basic,interpret ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ 1 In what way would a **brother** have a **high position**? 1:10 l013 basic,observe ὁ δὲ πλούσιος, ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτοῦ 1 According to James, how should **the one who is rich** respond to his riches? 1:10 ph9z basic,interpret ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτοῦ, ὅτι ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου παρελεύσεται 1 Here **because** introduces the reason a rich brother should consider himself to have a **low position**. What is that reason? 1:11 bjl6 basic,observe ἀνέτειλεν γὰρ ὁ ἥλιος σὺν τῷ καύσωνι, καὶ ἐξήρανεν τὸν χόρτον, καὶ τὸ ἄνθος αὐτοῦ ἐξέπεσεν, καὶ ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο. 1 According to James, what will happen to the flower of the field? 1:11 ntl8 basic,observe οὕτως καὶ ὁ πλούσιος ἐν ταῖς πορείαις αὐτοῦ μαρανθήσεται. 1 Here **So too** introduces what the metaphor of the flower of the field means for the rich man. What is that meaning? 1:12 uwu7 basic,observe μακάριος ἀνὴρ ὃς ὑπομένει πειρασμόν 1 According to James, who is **Blessed**? 1:12 b8b7 basic,interpret ὃς ὑπομένει πειρασμόν 1 What does it mean when a believer **perseveres under trial**? 1:12 c8ss basic,observe ὅτι δόκιμος γενόμενος, λήμψεται τὸν στέφανον τῆς ζωῆς, ὃν ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν 1 Here **because** introduces the reason that the man who perseveres under trial is **Blessed**. What is that reason? 1:12 r3aa basic,observe δόκιμος γενόμενος, λήμψεται τὸν στέφανον τῆς ζωῆς 1 What will the believer who **has stood the test** receive? 1:12 d1zm basic,observe τὸν στέφανον τῆς ζωῆς, ὃν ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν 1 To whom has God **promised** to give **the crown of life**? 1:12 l014 basic,interpret ἀνὴρ ὃς ὑπομένει πειρασμόν & τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν 1 James says the crown of life will go to **the man who perseveres under trial** and to **those who love Him**. In what way might these two descriptions refer to the same group of people? 1:13 sfb1 basic,interpret μηδεὶς πειραζόμενος λεγέτω, ὅτι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ πειράζομαι. 1 What might cause a person to say that **God is tempting** him? 1:13 ki8l basic,observe ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς ἀπείραστός ἐστιν κακῶν, πειράζει δὲ αὐτὸς οὐδένα. 1 Here **For** introduces the reason that no one should say that God is tempting them. What is that reason? 1:13 es4l basic,interpret ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς ἀπείραστός ἐστιν κακῶν 1 What do you think is the reason that God **cannot be tempted by evil**? 1:13 l015 basic,observe πειράζει δὲ αὐτὸς οὐδένα 1 What characteristics of God might cause Him not to **tempt anyone**? 1:14 l016 basic,observe ἕκαστος δὲ πειράζεται ὑπὸ τῆς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας, ἐξελκόμενος καὶ δελεαζόμενος 1 According to James, what is the source of all temptation? 1:14 l017 basic,observe ἕκαστος 1 Who does James say is tempted? 1:14 n654 basic,observe ὑπὸ τῆς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας 1 Is the source of temptation internal or external to a person? 1:14 q1p8 basic,observe ὑπὸ τῆς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας, ἐξελκόμενος καὶ δελεαζόμενος 1 According to James, how do a person’s **his own evil desires** tempt that person? 1:15 td57 basic,observe εἶτα ἡ ἐπιθυμία συλλαβοῦσα τίκτει ἁμαρτίαν 1 To what does **desire** give birth? 1:15 sz79 basic,observe ἡ δὲ ἁμαρτία ἀποτελεσθεῖσα, ἀποκύει θάνατον 1 To what does **sin** give birth? 1:15 abc2 basic,interpret εἶτα ἡ ἐπιθυμία συλλαβοῦσα τίκτει ἁμαρτίαν, ἡ δὲ ἁμαρτία ἀποτελεσθεῖσα, ἀποκύει θάνατον. 1 James uses the imagery of conception, **birth**, growth, and **death** to describe what temptation does. Why do you think he uses those images? 1:16 l019 basic,observe μὴ πλανᾶσθε 1 What does James want his readers to avoid? 1:16 hgb9 basic,observe ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί 1 How does James here describe his readers? 1:17 ie95 basic,observe πᾶσα δόσις ἀγαθὴ, καὶ πᾶν δώρημα τέλειον, ἄνωθέν ἐστιν, καταβαῖνον ἀπὸ τοῦ Πατρὸς τῶν φώτων 1 What is the source of every **good and perfect gift**? 1:17 x36x basic,observe πᾶσα δόσις ἀγαθὴ, καὶ πᾶν δώρημα τέλειον, ἄνωθέν ἐστιν, καταβαῖνον ἀπὸ τοῦ Πατρὸς τῶν φώτων 1 How does Jame’s statement that God give every **good and perfect gift** contrast to verse 13 where some people apparently think God gives temptation? 1:17 l020 basic,interpret τοῦ Πατρὸς τῶν φώτων 1 What does James mean when he says God is **the Father of the heavenly lights**? 1:17 c52s basic,interpret παρ’ ᾧ οὐκ ἔνι παραλλαγὴ ἢ τροπῆς ἀποσκίασμα 1 What does James mean when he says God has **no change or shifting shadow**? 1:17 p472 basic,interpret τοῦ Πατρὸς τῶν φώτων & τροπῆς ἀποσκίασμα 1 Why does it make sense that **the Father of the heavenly lights** would not have any **shifting shadow**? 1:18 l022 basic,observe βουληθεὶς, ἀπεκύησεν ἡμᾶς λόγῳ ἀληθείας 1 Through what means did God **give us birth**? 1:18 w32h basic,observe εἰς τὸ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἀπαρχήν τινα τῶν αὐτοῦ κτισμάτων 1 Here **that** introduces the purpose for which God **chose to give us birth**. What is that purpose? 1:18 l024 basic,interpret ἀπαρχήν τινα τῶν αὐτοῦ κτισμάτων 1 What does it mean to be **a kind of firstfruits of His creation**? 1:18 qe48 basic,interpret ἀπεκύησεν ἡμᾶς λόγῳ ἀληθείας, εἰς τὸ εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἀπαρχήν τινα τῶν αὐτοῦ κτισμάτων 1 Here James uses the image of **birth** in a very different way from verse 15. Why do you think he does that? 1:19 l025 basic,observe ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί 1 How does James here address his readers? 1:19 j49j basic,observe ἔστω δὲ πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ταχὺς εἰς τὸ ἀκοῦσαι 1 What should everyone **be quick** to do? 1:19 ujs1 basic,observe βραδὺς εἰς τὸ λαλῆσαι, βραδὺς εἰς ὀργήν 1 What should everyone be **slow** to do? 1:20 asn2 basic,observe ὀργὴ γὰρ ἀνδρὸς, δικαιοσύνην Θεοῦ οὐκ ἐργάζεται 1 Here **for** introduces the reason everyone should be slow to anger. What is that reason? 1:21 l026 basic,observe διὸ ἀποθέμενοι πᾶσαν ῥυπαρίαν καὶ περισσείαν κακίας 1 Of what should Jame’s reader rid themselves? 1:21 l027 basic,interpret πᾶσαν ῥυπαρίαν 1 What does James mean when he speaks of **moral filth**? Why does he use the image of **filth**? 1:21 l028 basic,observe ἐν πραΰτητι δέξασθε τὸν ἔμφυτον λόγον 1 What does James tell his readers to **humbly accept**? 1:21 p3jn basic,interpret τὸν ἔμφυτον λόγον 1 Why does James describe **the word** as being **planted** in his readers? 1:21 yp6z basic,observe τὸν δυνάμενον σῶσαι τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν 1 What is **the word** able to accomplish in Jame’s readers? 1:22 pd7h basic,interpret γίνεσθε δὲ ποιηταὶ λόγου, καὶ μὴ μόνον ἀκροαταὶ 1 What is the difference between being **doers of the word** and **hearers only**? 1:22 x9qk basic,observe γίνεσθε δὲ ποιηταὶ λόγου, καὶ μὴ μόνον ἀκροαταὶ παραλογιζόμενοι ἑαυτούς. 1 What does James say will be the result if his readers are **hearers only** and not **doers of the word**? 1:22 l030 basic,interpret παραλογιζόμενοι ἑαυτούς 1 In what sense will Jame’s readers be **deceiving** themselves if they are not doers of the word? 1:23-24 g5t1 basic,observe ὅτι εἴ τις ἀκροατὴς λόγου ἐστὶν, καὶ οὐ ποιητής, οὗτος ἔοικεν ἀνδρὶ κατανοοῦντι τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γενέσεως αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐσόπτρῳ. & κατενόησεν γὰρ ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀπελήλυθεν, καὶ εὐθέως ἐπελάθετο ὁποῖος ἦν. 1 What image does James use to describe the person who **hears the word but does not carry it out**? 1:24 q6y3 basic,interpet κατενόησεν γὰρ ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἀπελήλυθεν, καὶ εὐθέως ἐπελάθετο ὁποῖος ἦν 1 In what way is a person who **forgets what he looks like** in a mirror like someone who does not do what he has heard in the word? 1:25 e14e basic,observe ὁ δὲ παρακύψας εἰς νόμον τέλειον, τὸν τῆς ἐλευθερίας, καὶ παραμείνας, οὐκ ἀκροατὴς ἐπιλησμονῆς γενόμενος, ἀλλὰ ποιητὴς ἔργου, οὗτος μακάριος ἐν τῇ ποιήσει αὐτοῦ ἔσται. 1 What will be the result for **the one who looks intently into the perfect law of freedom, and continues to do so—not being a forgetful hearer, but an effective doer**? 1:25 l031 basic,observe νόμον τέλειον, τὸν τῆς ἐλευθερίας 1 What phrase does James use here to describe the word? 1:25 hgu3 basic,interpert νόμον τέλειον, τὸν τῆς ἐλευθερίας 1 Why does James means when he describes the word as **the perfect law of freedom**? 1:25 h6vt basic,interpret οὐκ ἀκροατὴς ἐπιλησμονῆς γενόμενος, ἀλλὰ ποιητὴς ἔργου 1 What does it mean to be **an effective doer** of the law of freedom? 1:26 r2ak basic,observe εἴ τις δοκεῖ θρησκὸς εἶναι, μὴ χαλιναγωγῶν γλῶσσαν αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ ἀπατῶν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, τούτου μάταιος ἡ θρησκεία. 1 What is the spiritual condition of the person who **considers himself religious and yet does not bridle his tongue**? 1:26 duy9 basic,interpret μὴ χαλιναγωγῶν γλῶσσαν αὐτοῦ 1 What does it mean for someone to **bridle his tongue**? 1:26 l032 basic,interpret εἴ τις δοκεῖ θρησκὸς εἶναι, μὴ χαλιναγωγῶν γλῶσσαν αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ ἀπατῶν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, τούτου μάταιος ἡ θρησκεία. 1 Why would an unbridled **tongue** cause a person’s **religion** to be **worthless**? 1:27 l033 basic,observe θρησκεία καθαρὰ καὶ ἀμίαντος παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρί αὕτη ἐστίν: ἐπισκέπτεσθαι ὀρφανοὺς καὶ χήρας ἐν τῇ θλίψει αὐτῶν, ἄσπιλον ἑαυτὸν τηρεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ κόσμου. 1 What kind of **religion** does **our God and Father** consider to be **Pure and undefiled**? 1:27 sa5y basic,interpret ἐπισκέπτεσθαι ὀρφανοὺς καὶ χήρας ἐν τῇ θλίψει αὐτῶν 1 Why is God so concerned that we **care for orphans and widows in their distress**? 1:27 l034 basic,interpret ἄσπιλον ἑαυτὸν τηρεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ κόσμου 1 Why do you think James uses the image of **being polluted by the world**? What does that mean? 2:1 cda2 basic,observe ἀδελφοί μου 1 How does James here address his readers? 2:1 kpw1 basic,observe ἔχετε τὴν πίστιν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τῆς δόξης 1 In whom did Jame’s readers place their **faith**? 2:1 w8yq basic,observe μὴ ἐν προσωπολημψίαις 1 What attitude should Jame’s reader **not show**? 2:2 z1xr basic,observe ἐὰν γὰρ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς συναγωγὴν ὑμῶν, ἀνὴρ χρυσοδακτύλιος, ἐν ἐσθῆτι λαμπρᾷ, εἰσέλθῃ δὲ καὶ πτωχὸς, ἐν ῥυπαρᾷ ἐσθῆτι, 1 In Jame’s example, what is the difference in the way the two men are dressed when they come to the **meeting** of the church? 2:3 pn2a basic,observe ἐπιβλέψητε δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν φοροῦντα τὴν ἐσθῆτα τὴν λαμπρὰν, καὶ εἴπητε, σὺ κάθου ὧδε καλῶς 1 In Jame’s example, how might the church show favoritism to **the man in fine clothes**? 2:3 lx3p basic,observe καὶ τῷ πτωχῷ εἴπητε, σὺ στῆθι ἐκεῖ, ἢ, κάθου ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου 1 In Jame’s example, how might the church dishonor **the poor man**? 2:3 v9w2 basic,interpret σὺ στῆθι ἐκεῖ, ἢ, κάθου ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου 1 Why was it dishonoring to the poor man to tell him to **stand** or to sit at someone’s **feet**? 2:4 l035 basic,observe οὐ διεκρίθητε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ ἐγένεσθε κριταὶ διαλογισμῶν πονηρῶν? 1 What did James say about the people in his example who treated the rich man better than the poor man? 2:4 rl4c basic,interpret οὐ διεκρίθητε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς 1 In what way did the people in Jame’s example **discriminate among** themselves? 2:5 l038 basic,observe ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί 1 How does James here address his readers? 2:5 tzh2 basic,observe οὐχ ὁ Θεὸς ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς τῷ κόσμῳ, πλουσίους ἐν πίστει, καὶ κληρονόμους τῆς βασιλείας 1 Who has God chosen to **be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom**? 2:5 l040 basic,interpret πλουσίους ἐν πίστει 1 What does it mean to **be rich in faith**? 2:5 w9tm basic,observe τῆς βασιλείας ἧς ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν 1 How does James here describe the people to whom **He promised** **the kingdom**? 2:6 i7h4 basic,observe ὑμεῖς δὲ ἠτιμάσατε τὸν πτωχόν 1 According to James, how were his readers treating **the poor**? 2:6 bp2n basic,observe οὐχ οἱ πλούσιοι καταδυναστεύουσιν ὑμῶν, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἕλκουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς κριτήρια? 1 According to James, what were **the rich** doing to his readers? 2:7 jmq9 basic,observe οὐκ αὐτοὶ βλασφημοῦσιν τὸ καλὸν ὄνομα τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς? 1 According to James, how did the rich treat **the noble name by which** his readers **have been called**? 2:7 l042 basic,interpret τὸ καλὸν ὄνομα τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς 1 What does James mean when he speaks of **the noble name by which you have been called**? 2:8 ytx7 basic,observe νόμον & βασιλικὸν, κατὰ τὴν Γραφήν, ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν 1 What command does James here refer to as **the royal law**? 2:8 d3rx basic,interpret νόμον & βασιλικὸν 1 Why do you think James refers to this command as **the royal law**? 2:8 l043 basic,observe εἰ μέντοι νόμον τελεῖτε βασιλικὸν, κατὰ τὴν Γραφήν, ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν, καλῶς ποιεῖτε. 1 According to James, what do you accomplish if **you really fulfill the royal law**? 2:9 a3eb basic,observe εἰ δὲ προσωπολημπτεῖτε, ἁμαρτίαν ἐργάζεσθε, ἐλεγχόμενοι ὑπὸ τοῦ νόμου ὡς παραβάται. 1 According to James, what is the result of showing **favoritism**? 2:9 l044 basic,interpret εἰ δὲ προσωπολημπτεῖτε, ἁμαρτίαν ἐργάζεσθε 1 Why is it impossible to love your neighbor and **show favoritism** against him at the same time? 2:10 fi5q basic,observe ὅστις γὰρ ὅλον τὸν νόμον τηρήσῃ, πταίσῃ δὲ ἐν ἑνί, γέγονεν πάντων ἔνοχος. 1 According to James, what happens if a person **stumbles at just one point** of the whole law? 2:10 l045 basic,apply ὅστις γὰρ ὅλον τὸν νόμον τηρήσῃ, πταίσῃ δὲ ἐν ἑνί, γέγονεν πάντων ἔνοχος. 1 Do you think it is fair that God judges a person who **stumbles at just one point** as if they had broken all of the law? 2:11 l046 basic,observe ὁ γὰρ εἰπών, μὴ μοιχεύσῃς, εἶπεν καί, μὴ φονεύσῃς. εἰ δὲ οὐ μοιχεύεις, φονεύεις δέ, γέγονας παραβάτης νόμου. 1 Here **For** introduces the reason why someone who breaks a single command is guilty of breaking the whole law. What is that reason? 2:11 l048 basic,observe εἰ δὲ οὐ μοιχεύεις, φονεύεις δέ, γέγονας παραβάτης νόμου. 1 What title does James for a person who does not ** commit adultery** but does **commit murder**? 2:11 hl55 basic,apply εἰ δὲ οὐ μοιχεύεις, φονεύεις δέ, γέγονας παραβάτης νόμου. 1 Can you think of a similar example where if you break a part of something, you have essentially broken the whole thing? 2:12 ip26 basic,observe οὕτως λαλεῖτε, καὶ οὕτως ποιεῖτε, ὡς διὰ νόμου ἐλευθερίας μέλλοντες κρίνεσθαι. 1 According to James, how should we **Speak and act**? 2:12 z74z basic,interpret νόμου ἐλευθερίας 1 What does James mean by **the law that gives freedom**? 2:13 l049 basic,interpret ἡ γὰρ κρίσις ἀνέλεος τῷ μὴ ποιήσαντι ἔλεος. 1 Here **For** introduces the reason we want to be judged by the law that gives freedom. What is that reason? 2:13 lwd9 basic,observe ἡ γὰρ κρίσις ἀνέλεος τῷ μὴ ποιήσαντι ἔλεος. 1 How will God judge **anyone who has not been merciful**? 2:13 l050 basic,observe κατακαυχᾶται ἔλεος κρίσεως. 1 According to James, is **Mercy** or **judgment** more powerful? 2:13 l051 basic,interpret κατακαυχᾶται ἔλεος κρίσεως. 1 Why would **Mercy** be able to triumph **over judgment**? 2:14 l053 basic,interpret τί τὸ ὄφελος, ἀδελφοί μου, ἐὰν πίστιν λέγῃ τις, ἔχειν ἔργα, δὲ μὴ ἔχῃ? 1 This is a rhetorical question. James expects the reader to supply the answer. What is the answer? 2:14 us4d basic,interpret ἐὰν πίστιν λέγῃ τις, ἔχειν 1 Do you think this person who **claims to have faith** truly does have faith? Why or why not? 2:14 q516 basic,interpret μὴ δύναται ἡ πίστις σῶσαι αὐτόν? 1 This is another rhetorical question. James expects the reader to supply the answer. What is the answer? 2:15 l054 basic,apply ἐὰν ἀδελφὸς ἢ ἀδελφὴ γυμνοὶ ὑπάρχωσιν, καὶ λειπόμενοι τῆς ἐφημέρου τροφῆς, 1 In the previous verse, James addresses the readers at **my brothers**. What responsibility would they have to **a brother or sister** who **is without clothes and daily food**? 2:16 cf3b basic,observe εἴπῃ δέ τις αὐτοῖς ἐξ ὑμῶν, ὑπάγετε ἐν εἰρήνῃ, θερμαίνεσθε καὶ χορτάζεσθε, μὴ δῶτε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῦ σώματος 1 How does the brother in this example respond to his brother or sister who are without clothes and daily food? 2:16 fqt7 basic,observe εἴπῃ δέ τις αὐτοῖς ἐξ ὑμῶν, ὑπάγετε ἐν εἰρήνῃ, θερμαίνεσθε καὶ χορτάζεσθε, μὴ δῶτε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῦ σώματος, τί τὸ ὄφελος? 1 This entire verse is another rhetorical question. James expects the reader to supply the answer. What is the answer? 2:17 l055 basic,observe οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις, ἐὰν μὴ ἔχῃ ἔργα, νεκρά ἐστιν καθ’ ἑαυτήν. 1 What does James say is the condition of **faith** if it **does not result in action**? 2:17 x53s basic,interpret νεκρά ἐστιν 1 Here James describes this faith as **dead**. Why does he use that image to describe a faith that does nothing? 2:17 l056 basic,interpret ἡ πίστις, ἐὰν μὴ ἔχῃ ἔργα & καθ’ ἑαυτήν 1 What might be the reason that the **faith** of a person might not **result in action**? 2:18 l057 basic,interpret ἀλλ’ ἐρεῖ τις, σὺ πίστιν ἔχεις, κἀγὼ ἔργα ἔχω; δεῖξόν μοι τὴν πίστιν σου χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων, κἀγώ σοι δείξω ἐκ τῶν ἔργων μου τὴν πίστιν. 1 In this example, what is the purpose of **deeds**? What do they accomplish? 2:18 l058 basic,interpret δεῖξόν μοι τὴν πίστιν σου χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων 1 Is it possible to for someone one to see **your faith** without seeing any of your **deeds**? 2:18 k866 basic,interpret κἀγώ σοι δείξω ἐκ τῶν ἔργων μου τὴν πίστιν 1 In what way do your **deeds** enable someone one to see your **faith**? 2:19 vrz6 basic,observe σὺ πιστεύεις ὅτι εἷς ἐστιν ὁ Θεός. καλῶς ποιεῖς; 1 How does James respond to the person who believes **that God is one**? 2:19 l059 basic,observe καὶ τὰ δαιμόνια πιστεύουσιν 1 In what way does James say a person who believes that **God is one** compares to **the demons**? 2:19 lx9k basic,observe τὰ δαιμόνια πιστεύουσιν καὶ φρίσσουσιν 1 What action do **the demons** take as a result of believing that God is one? 2:20 f88l basic,observe ὦ ἄνθρωπε κενέ 1 James appears to be addressing the hypothetical “someone” in verses 18-19. Why would he use this term for that person? 2:20 hck2 basic,observe θέλεις δὲ γνῶναι, ὦ ἄνθρωπε κενέ, ὅτι ἡ πίστις χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων ἀργή ἐστιν? 1 What **evidence** is James about to present to the **foolish man**? 2:20 l060 basic,observe ὅτι ἡ πίστις χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων ἀργή ἐστιν 1 What will Jame’s evidence prove about **faith without deeds**? 2:21 v42f basic,observe Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ἀνενέγκας Ἰσαὰκ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον? 1 James is again asking a rhetorical question that the reader must answer. What is the implied answer? 2:21 g7yt basic,observe Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη 1 What was the result of what Abraham did? 2:21 l061 basic,observe ἀνενέγκας Ἰσαὰκ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον 1 What deed did Abraham do to show his faith? 2:22 tef1 basic,interpret βλέπεις ὅτι ἡ πίστις συνήργει τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτοῦ 1 James here says **You see**. How dose this example help you to **see** that Abraham’s **faith was working with his actions**? 2:23 kw3g basic,observe ἐπίστευσεν δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην 1 What did Abraham do that **was credited to him as righteousness**? 2:23 b9ax basic,observe καὶ φίλος Θεοῦ ἐκλήθη 1 Because **Abraham believed God** what did God call him? 2:24 l062 basic,observe ὁρᾶτε ὅτι ἐξ ἔργων δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος, καὶ οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως μόνον. 1 What truth does James say the foolish man of verse 20 **can see** from the example of Abraham? 2:24 ka5b advanced,interpret ἐξ ἔργων δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος 1 To be **justified** means to be declared righteous. How would the **deeds** of **a man** cause that to happen? 2:24 l063 basic,interpret ἐξ ἔργων δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος, καὶ οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως μόνον 1 According to James, does a man need **deeds**, or **faith, or both in order to be **justified**? 2:25 wj5i basic,observe ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ὑποδεξαμένη τοὺς ἀγγέλους, καὶ ἑτέρᾳ ὁδῷ ἐκβαλοῦσα? 1 In this example, what did **Rahab the prostitute** do to be **justified**? 2:25 sii5 basic,observe ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ὑποδεξαμένη τοὺς ἀγγέλους, καὶ ἑτέρᾳ ὁδῷ ἐκβαλοῦσα? 1 This is another rhetorical question where the reader must supply the answer. What is the answer? 2:26 ee51 basic,observe ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα χωρὶς πνεύματος νεκρόν ἐστιν, οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις χωρὶς ἔργων νεκρά ἐστιν. 1 According to James, what truth does the example of Rahab prove? 2:26 bx82 basic,observe τὸ σῶμα χωρὶς πνεύματος νεκρόν ἐστιν 1 What is the condition of **the body without the spirit**? 2:26 v99g basic,observe οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις χωρὶς ἔργων νεκρά ἐστιν 1 What is the condition of a **faith** that is **without deeds**? 2:26 ya5v basic,interpret ὥσπερ 1 Here **As** introduces a comparison of **faith without deeds** to a dead body. Why do you think James chose to use that image? 3:1 l064 basic,observe ἀδελφοί μου 1 How does James here address his readers? 3:1 l065 basic,observe μὴ πολλοὶ διδάσκαλοι γίνεσθε 1 According to James, how many of his readers **should become teachers**? 3:1 r4ka basic,observe εἰδότες ὅτι μεῖζον κρίμα λημψόμεθα 1 James says his readers **know** the reason that not man of them should be teachers. What is that reason? 3:1 f69c basic,interpret μεῖζον κρίμα λημψόμεθα 1 Why should the fact that teachers **will be judged more strictly** cause people to think carefully about becoming teachers in the church? 3:2 t5e8 basic,observe πολλὰ γὰρ πταίομεν ἅπαντες. 1 According to James, what do we all do? 3:2 bnl2 basic,observe εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει, οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ 1 According to James, who is **a perfect man**? 3:2 k63f basic,apply εἴ τις ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει 1 Do you personally know anyone who is **never at fault in what he says**? 3:2 l066 basic,observe οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ, δυνατὸς χαλιναγωγῆσαι καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα 1 According to James, if a person can control **what he says**, what else can he do? 3:3 tiu4 basic,observe εἰ δὲ τῶν ἵππων τοὺς χαλινοὺς εἰς τὰ στόματα βάλλομεν, εἰς τὸ πείθεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἡμῖν 1 Why do people **put bits into the mouths of horses**? 3:3 uq3j basic,observe καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμα αὐτῶν μετάγομεν 1 What does a bit in **the mouth of** a horse allow the rider to do? 3:3 h54t basic,interpret τῶν ἵππων τοὺς χαλινοὺς εἰς τὰ στόματα βάλλομεν 1 How does the size of the **bits** compare to the size of the **horses**? 3:4 u9db basic,observe ἰδοὺ, καὶ τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα, καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνέμων σκληρῶν ἐλαυνόμενα 1 What characteristics of **ships** is James here emphasizing? 3:4 kf73 basic,observe μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου 1 What characteristic of a **rudder** is James here emphasizing? 3:4 gc1e basic,observe ὅπου ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται 1 What does a **very small rudder** enable the pilot do do to a very large ship? 3:5 g8rc basic,observe οὕτως καὶ 1 To what does **In the same way** here refer back? 3:5 vxj4 basic,observe ἡ γλῶσσα μικρὸν μέλος ἐστὶν 1 What characteristic of **the tongue** is James here emphasizing? 3:5 jp51 basic,observe καὶ μεγάλα αὐχεῖ 1 Despite being so small, what is **the tongue** able to do? 3:5 l067 basic,observe ἰδοὺ, ἡλίκον πῦρ 1 What characteristic of **a spark** is James here emphasizing? 3:5 hgz7 basic,observe ἡλίκην ὕλην ἀνάπτει 1 Despite being so small, what is **a spark** able to do? 3:6 zhr5 basic,observe καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα πῦρ 1 To what does James compare the **tongue**? 3:6 k3fv basic,observe καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα πῦρ 1 In the context of verse 5, is James emphasizing good or bad characteristics of **fire**? 3:6 tg6y basic,observe ὁ κόσμος τῆς ἀδικίας; ἡ γλῶσσα καθίσταται ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ἡμῶν 1 How does James here compare the **tongue** to the other **parts of the body**? 3:6 gsy2 basic,observe ἡ σπιλοῦσα ὅλον τὸ σῶμα, καὶ φλογίζουσα τὸν τροχὸν τῆς γενέσεως 1 James say the tongue is **a world of wickedness**. What does the tongue do to justify this title? 3:6 l37l basic,interpret καὶ φλογιζομένη ὑπὸ τῆς Γεέννης 1 What does James mean when he says the tongue **is itself set on fire by hell**? 3:7 xng2 basic,observe πᾶσα γὰρ φύσις θηρίων τε καὶ πετεινῶν, ἑρπετῶν τε καὶ ἐναλίων, δαμάζεται καὶ δεδάμασται τῇ φύσει τῇ ἀνθρωπίνῃ 1 According to James, what kind of things **have been tamed by man**? 3:8 ze9y basic,observe τὴν δὲ γλῶσσαν οὐδεὶς δαμάσαι δύναται ἀνθρώπων, 1 According to James, who can **tame the tongue**? 3:8 ijs2 basic,apply τὴν δὲ γλῶσσαν οὐδεὶς δαμάσαι δύναται ἀνθρώπων 1 Do you agree with James that **the tongue** is more difficult to **tame** than all of the creatures he listed in verse 7? 3:8 l068 basic,interpret ἀκατάστατον κακόν 1 What does James mean when he says the tongue is **a restless evil**? 3:8 pb8u basic,observe μεστὴ ἰοῦ θανατηφόρου 1 Here James compares the tongue to **deadly poison**. Why do you think he uses that image? 3:9 s51c basic,observe ἐν αὐτῇ εὐλογοῦμεν τὸν Κύριον καὶ Πατέρα 1 According to James, who do **we bless** with our tongue? 3:9 nt8x basic,observe καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ καταρώμεθα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους 1 According to James, who do **we curse** with our tongue? 3:9 ty2j basic,observe τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, τοὺς καθ’ ὁμοίωσιν Θεοῦ γεγονότας 1 What does James offer as a reason why it is especially evil to **curse men**? 3:10 l069 basic,observe ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ στόματος ἐξέρχεται εὐλογία καὶ κατάρα. 1 According to James, what come out **of the same mouth**? 3:10 ee3q basic,observe οὐ χρή, ἀδελφοί μου, ταῦτα οὕτως γίνεσθαι. 1 What is Jame’s judgment concerning **blessing and cursing** coming from **the same mouth**? 3:11 d8g6 basic,interpret μήτι ἡ πηγὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὀπῆς βρύει τὸ γλυκὺ καὶ τὸ πικρόν? 1 This is a rhetorical question for which the reader must supply an answer. What is the answer? 3:11 yuu2 basic,interpret μήτι ἡ πηγὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὀπῆς βρύει τὸ γλυκὺ καὶ τὸ πικρόν? 1 In the context of verse 10, what do **fresh water and salt water** represent in this metaphor? 3:11 z2he basic,interpret μήτι ἡ πηγὴ ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ὀπῆς βρύει τὸ γλυκὺ καὶ τὸ πικρόν? 1 In the context of verse 10, what does **the same spring** represent in this metaphor? 3:12 l070 basic,interpret μὴ δύναται, ἀδελφοί μου, συκῆ ἐλαίας ποιῆσαι ἢ ἄμπελος σῦκα? 1 This is another rhetorical question for which the reader must supply an answer. What is the answer? 3:12 g5u1 basic,observe οὔτε ἁλυκὸν γλυκὺ ποιῆσαι ὕδωρ. 1 What does James say is impossible for **a salt spring** to do? 3:12 hyt3 basic,interpret ἁλυκὸν 1 In this summary statement, James compares the tongue to **a salt spring**. Does he mean to say the tongue is good, or bad? 3:13 qc9k basic,apply τίς σοφὸς καὶ ἐπιστήμων ἐν ὑμῖν? 1 James asks his readers this rhetorical question. Do you think you are **wise and understanding**? 3:13 by4a basic,observe δειξάτω ἐκ τῆς καλῆς ἀναστροφῆς τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ ἐν πραΰτητι σοφίας. 1 According to James, how can a person show that he is **wise and understanding**? 3:13 l072 basic,interpret ἐν πραΰτητι σοφίας 1 What does James mean by **the humility that comes from wisdom**? 3:14 l073 basic,observe εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε, καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν 1 What does James say we should not **harbor** in our **hearts**? 3:14 nt87 basic,interpret εἰ δὲ ζῆλον πικρὸν ἔχετε, καὶ ἐριθείαν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, μὴ κατακαυχᾶσθε 1 Why would it be wrong to **boast in** our wisdom and understanding if we harbor **bitter jealousy and selfish ambition** in our hearts? 3:14 hfk3 basic,observe ψεύδεσθε κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας 1 According to James, what are we doing if we boast about our wisdom and understanding but harbor **bitter jealousy and selfish ambition** in our hearts? 3:15 l074 basic,interpret αὕτη ἡ σοφία 1 To what does **Such wisdom** refer back in verse 14? 3:15 dd2i basic,observe ἀλλὰ ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης 1 According to James, what are the characteristics of **wisdom** that produces bitter jealousy and selfish ambition? 3:16 j2xc basic,observe ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα. 1 According to James, what are the results of **jealousy and selfish ambition**? 3:16 l075 basic,apply ὅπου γὰρ ζῆλος καὶ ἐριθεία, ἐκεῖ ἀκαταστασία καὶ πᾶν φαῦλον πρᾶγμα. 1 From your experience, do **disorder** and evil practices tend to result when **jealousy and selfish ambition** exists in a group? 3:17 f4ul basic,observe ἡ δὲ ἄνωθεν σοφία, πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν, ἔπειτα εἰρηνική, ἐπιεικής, εὐπειθής, μεστὴ ἐλέους καὶ καρπῶν ἀγαθῶν, ἀδιάκριτος, ἀνυπόκριτος. 1 What are the characteristics of **wisdom from above**? 3:17 l076 basic,interpret πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν 1 Why do you think James says wisdom from above is **first of all pure**? 3:17 gm1k basic,apply πρῶτον μὲν ἁγνή ἐστιν, ἔπειτα εἰρηνική, ἐπιεικής, εὐπειθής, μεστὴ ἐλέους καὶ καρπῶν ἀγαθῶν, ἀδιάκριτος, ἀνυπόκριτος 1 From your experience, what is it like being in a group that demonstrates the characteristics of **wisdom from above**? 3:18 ya7d basic,observe καρπὸς δὲ δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται, τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην. 1 What will **Peacemakers who sow in peace** gain as a result of their actions? 3:18 ip8w basic,interpret ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται, τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην 1 This phrase seems redundant. Why do you think James describes **Peacemakers** as people **who sow in peace**? 4:1 l077 basic,observe πόθεν πόλεμοι καὶ πόθεν μάχαι ἐν ὑμῖν? 1 What is James here implying exists among his readers? 4:1 l078 basic,interpret οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν, τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν? 1 This is a rhetorical question for which the reader must supply the answer. What answer is James implying? 4:1 t4e7 basic,interpret τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν, τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν 1 James uses the image of **passions at war within you**. Why do you think he uses the image of **war** to describe the effect of these **passions**? 4:2 l079 basic,observe ἐπιθυμεῖτε καὶ οὐκ ἔχετε 1 According to James, what is the basic reason for the conflicts and quarrels among his readers? 4:2 ium2 basic,observe you kill and covet, but are unable to obtain it. You quarrel and fight 1 What methods do Jame’s readers typically use to try to obtain what they want? 4:2 w3kq basic,observe οὐκ ἔχετε, διὰ τὸ μὴ αἰτεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς 1 According to James, what is the reason his readers cannot obtain what they want? 4:2 gn28 basic,interpret τὸ μὴ αἰτεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς 1 Who is James implying that his readers **do not ask**? 4:3 qu93 basic,observe αἰτεῖτε καὶ οὐ λαμβάνετε 1 What typically happens when Jame’s readers ask God to give them what they want? 4:3 sdg1 basic,observe διότι κακῶς αἰτεῖσθε, ἵνα ἐν ταῖς ἡδοναῖς ὑμῶν δαπανήσητε 1 Here **because** introduces the reason that God does not give Jame’s readers what they ask. What is that reason? 4:3 l080 basic,interpret διότι κακῶς αἰτεῖσθε, ἵνα ἐν ταῖς ἡδοναῖς ὑμῶν δαπανήσητε 1 Why would God refuse to give us what we ask **with wrong motives** in order to **squander it on** our **pleasures**? 4:4 mi2u basic,observe μοιχαλίδες! 1 How does Paul here address his readers? 4:4 l081 basic,interpret μοιχαλίδες! 1 James has previously addressed his readers at brothers. Why do you think he here uses such a severe term to address them? 4:4 qw1j basic,observe οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου, ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν? 1 According to James, how does **friendship with the world** affect our relationship with **God**? 4:4 l082 basic,observe ὃς ἐὰν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου, ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται. 1 If we choose ** be a friend of the world**, what do we become as a result? 4:4 l083 basic,interpret ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 This is a very severe term. Why do you think James uses this term? 4:5 pz97 basic,interpret ἢ δοκεῖτε ὅτι κενῶς ἡ Γραφὴ λέγει 1 The reader must supply the answer to this rhetorical question. Do you think what is in **the Scripture** is written **without reason**? 4:5 g7uh basic,observe τὸ Πνεῦμα ὃ κατῴκισεν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 How did **the Spirit** come to **dwell in us**? 4:5 c7xf basic,interpret πρὸς φθόνον ἐπιποθεῖ 1 What does James mean when he says the Spirit in us **yearns with envy**? 4:6 l6lt basic,observe μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν. 1 What does God give in increasing measure? 4:6 dgq4 basic,observe ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται 1 How does **God** respond to **the proud**? 4:6 lvd6 basic,interpret ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται 1 What does James mean when he says that **God opposes the proud**? 4:6 xm9c basic,observe ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν 1 What does God give **to the humble**? 4:6 l084 basic,interpret ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν 1 Why do **the humble** need more **grace**? 4:7 fs5y basic,observe ὑποτάγητε οὖν τῷ Θεῷ. 1 How should we respond to **God**? 4:7 l085 basic,observe ἀντίστητε δὲ τῷ διαβόλῳ 1 How should we respond to **the devil**? 4:7 jx5n basic,observe ἀντίστητε δὲ τῷ διαβόλῳ, καὶ φεύξεται ἀφ’ ὑμῶν. 1 How will **the devil** react if we resist him? 4:7 d67v basic,interpret ἀντίστητε δὲ τῷ διαβόλῳ 1 What does it mean to **Resist the devil**? 4:7 l086 basic,interpret ἀντίστητε δὲ τῷ διαβόλῳ, καὶ φεύξεται ἀφ’ ὑμῶν. 1 **Resist** and **flee** sound like a person being attacked by an enemy. Why do you think James uses these terms? 4:8 g11u basic,observe ἐγγίσατε τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐγγιεῖ ὑμῖν. 1 How will God respond if we **Draw near to** Him? 4:8 fb9f basic,interpret ἐγγίσατε τῷ Θεῷ 1 What does it mean to **Draw near to God**? 4:8 l087 basic,observe καθαρίσατε χεῖρας, ἁμαρτωλοί 1 Who does James tell to **Cleanse** their **hands**? 4:8 k14z basic,interpret καθαρίσατε χεῖρας, ἁμαρτωλοί 1 Why would James specifically tell sinners to cleanse their **hands**? 4:8 l088 basic,interpret ἁμαρτωλοί 1 To whom is James here most likely speaking? 4:8 x1q1 basic,observe ἁγνίσατε καρδίας, δίψυχοι 1 Who does James tell to **purify** their **hearts**? 4:8 l089 basic,interpret δίψυχοι 1 To whom is James here most likely speaking? 4:8 d13g basic,observe δίψυχοι 1 What did James say about **double-minded** men in 1:8? 4:9 aye3 basic,observe ταλαιπωρήσατε, καὶ πενθήσατε, καὶ κλαύσατε. ὁ γέλως ὑμῶν εἰς πένθος μετατραπήτω, καὶ ἡ χαρὰ εἰς κατήφειαν. 1 According to James, what should sinner and double-minded people do about their condition? 4:9 c6n9 basic,interpret ὁ γέλως ὑμῶν εἰς πένθος μετατραπήτω, καὶ ἡ χαρὰ εἰς κατήφειαν. 1 Why should sinners and double-minded people stop their **laughter** and **joy**? 4:10 w97a basic,observe ταπεινώθητε ἐνώπιον Κυρίου 1 According to James, how should sinners and double-minded people approach **the Lord**? 4:10 l090 basic,observe καὶ ὑψώσει ὑμᾶς 1 According to James, what will the Lord do for sinners and double-minded people who approach Him with humility? 4:11 l091 basic,observe ἀδελφοί 1 How does James here address his readers? 4:11 z5wj basic,observe μὴ καταλαλεῖτε ἀλλήλων, ἀδελφοί. 1 How should believers not treat **one another**? 4:11 l092 basic,observe ὁ καταλαλῶν ἀδελφοῦ ἢ κρίνων τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καταλαλεῖ νόμου καὶ κρίνει νόμον. 1 When someone **speaks against his brother or judges him**, how is that person treating **the law**? 4:11 sk92 basic,observe εἰ δὲ νόμον κρίνεις, οὐκ εἶ ποιητὴς νόμου, ἀλλὰ κριτής. 1 According to James, what do we become when we **judge the law**? 4:12 f4e4 basic,observe εἷς ἐστιν νομοθέτης καὶ κριτής 1 Here James states the reason it is wrong for a believer to to judge his brother. What is that reason? 4:12 gm55 basic,interpret εἷς ἐστιν νομοθέτης καὶ κριτής, ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καὶ ἀπολέσαι. 1 Who is the **only one Lawgiver and Judge, the One who is able to save and destroy**? 4:12 v55j basic,interpret σὺ δὲ τίς εἶ, ὁ κρίνων τὸν πλησίον? 1 The reader must supply the answer to this rhetorical question. What is the answer? 4:12 l5n2 basic,apply σὺ δὲ τίς εἶ, ὁ κρίνων τὸν πλησίον? 1 Another way to ask this question is, “Are you the **only one Lawgiver and Judge, the One who is able to save and destroy**”? How would you answer that question? 4:13 tn5i basic,interpret ἄγε νῦν, οἱ λέγοντες, σήμερον ἢ αὔριον, πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν, καὶ ποιήσομεν ἐκεῖ ἐνιαυτὸν, καὶ ἐμπορευσόμεθα, καὶ κερδήσομεν. 1 What kind of people might say, “**Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business, and make a profit**.”? 4:14 l093 basic,observe οἵτινες οὐκ ἐπίστασθε τὸ τῆς αὔριον, ποία 1 According to James, why should people not confidently say what will happen to them in the future? 4:14 f6r1 basic,observe ἡ ζωὴ ὑμῶν? ἀτμὶς γάρ ἐστε, ἡ πρὸς ὀλίγον φαινομένη, ἔπειτα καὶ ἀφανιζομένη. 1 Here James asks a rhetorical question, and then immediately answers it. According to him, what is our **life**? 4:14 l094 basic,interpret ἀτμὶς γάρ ἐστε, ἡ πρὸς ὀλίγον φαινομένη, ἔπειτα καὶ ἀφανιζομένη. 1 James says that our life is like **a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes**. What does he mean by that image? 4:15 h2vh basic,observe ἀντὶ τοῦ λέγειν ὑμᾶς 1 Here James tells his readers what to say **Instead** of the statement in verse 13. What was that statement? 4:15 bb3g basic,observe ἐὰν ὁ Κύριος θελήσῃ, καὶ ζήσομεν καὶ ποιήσομεν, τοῦτο ἢ ἐκεῖνο 1 In what way does James here change the statement from verse 13? 4:15 de7t basic,interpret καὶ ζήσομεν καὶ ποιήσομεν, τοῦτο ἢ ἐκεῖνο 1 Based on this statement, is it acceptable to plan to **live and do this or that** if we acknowledge that the actual outcome depends of God? 4:16 l095 basic,observe νῦν δὲ καυχᾶσθε ἐν ταῖς ἀλαζονίαις ὑμῶν. 1 In what were Jame’s readers boasting? 4:16 l096 basic,interpret ταῖς ἀλαζονίαις ὑμῶν 1 What does James mean by **proud intentions**? 4:16 t6d3 basic,observe πᾶσα καύχησις τοιαύτη πονηρά ἐστιν. 1 What does James say concerning **All such boasting** about what we will do in the future? 4:17 z861 basic,observe εἰδότι οὖν καλὸν ποιεῖν, καὶ μὴ ποιοῦντι, ἁμαρτία αὐτῷ ἐστιν. 1 Who does James here say is **guilty of sin**? 4:17 l097 basic,apply εἰδότι οὖν καλὸν ποιεῖν, καὶ μὴ ποιοῦντι 1 In your experience, how common is it for people to know **the right thing to do**, yet fails to do it? 4:17 l098 basic,interpret εἰδότι οὖν καλὸν ποιεῖν, καὶ μὴ ποιοῦντι 1 Do you think this statement about anyone **who knows the right thing to do** is a general statement, or does it mainly refer back to the people in the previous verse who boast about what they will do in the future? 5:1 sh2q basic,observe οἱ πλούσιοι 1 To whom is James here speaking? 5:1 l099 basic,observe κλαύσατε, ὀλολύζοντες ἐπὶ ταῖς ταλαιπωρίαις ὑμῶν ταῖς ἐπερχομέναις 1 What is the reason the rich should **weep and wail**? 5:2 k46q basic,observe ὁ πλοῦτος ὑμῶν σέσηπεν, καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια ὑμῶν σητόβρωτα γέγονεν. 1 According to James, what has happened to the **riches** of these wealthy people? 5:3 s3eb basic,observe ὁ χρυσὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ὁ ἄργυρος κατίωται 1 According to James, what has happened to the **gold and silver** of these wealthy people? 5:3 l101 basic,observe καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται, καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. 1 What will happen to the rich as a result of the **corrosion** of their gold and silver? 5:3 q2ax basic,interpret καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται, καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. 1 James here says the inanimate **corrosion** will **testify against** the rich as in a trial. What does James mean by that image? 5:3 ga4x basic,interpret καὶ ὁ ἰὸς αὐτῶν εἰς μαρτύριον ὑμῖν ἔσται, καὶ φάγεται τὰς σάρκας ὑμῶν ὡς πῦρ. 1 James here says the inanimate **corrosion** will **consume** the flesh of the rich like fire. What does James mean by that image? 5:3 a8bz basic,observe ἐθησαυρίσατε ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις. 1 According to James, what have the rich done **in the last days**? 5:3 eh9j basic,interpret ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις 1 To what event is James referring when he speaks of **the last days**? 5:4 qu12 basic,observe ἰδοὺ, ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν, τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀφυστερημένος ἀφ’ ὑμῶν, κράζει 1 According to James, what is **crying out against** the rich? 5:4 ie4l basic,interpret ἰδοὺ, ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν, τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀφυστερημένος ἀφ’ ὑμῶν, κράζει 1 Why does James here describe the inanimate **wages** as **crying out** against the rich? 5:4 l102 basic,observe ὁ μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν, τῶν ἀμησάντων τὰς χώρας ὑμῶν, ὁ ἀφυστερημένος ἀφ’ ὑμῶν\n 1 What had **the workmen** done for the rich to earn their **wages**? 5:4 dw6t basic,observe καὶ αἱ βοαὶ τῶν θερισάντων, εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ εἰσελήλυθαν. 1 Who has heard the **cries of the harvesters**? 5:4 c887 basic,interpret καὶ αἱ βοαὶ τῶν θερισάντων, εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ εἰσελήλυθαν. 1 What is James here implying that **the Lord of Hosts** will do as a result of the **cries of the harvesters**? 5:5 l103 basic,observe ἐτρυφήσατε ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. & καὶ ἐσπαταλήσατε 1 According to James, in what way had the rich lived? 5:5 e9m5 basic,interpret ἐθρέψατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σφαγῆς. 1 What does James mean when he says the rich have **fattened** their **hearts**? 5:5 gda6 basic,interpret ἐθρέψατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ σφαγῆς. 1 What is **the day of slaughter** to which James refers? 5:6 jtz3 basic,observe κατεδικάσατε, ἐφονεύσατε τὸν δίκαιον 1 According to James, what have the rich done to **the righteous**? 5:6 l104 basic,observe οὐκ ἀντιτάσσεται ὑμῖν 1 According to James, how did **the righteous** react when they were attacked by the rich? 5:7 tk59 basic,observe ἀδελφοί 1 To whom is James now speaking? 5:7 m39d basic,observe μακροθυμήσατε οὖν, ἀδελφοί 1 Here **then** refers back to the evil actions of the rich against the righteous. What does James tell the **brothers** to do in response to that? 5:7 q9zw basic,observe μακροθυμήσατε οὖν, ἀδελφοί, ἕως τῆς παρουσίας τοῦ Κυρίου. 1 For what event are the **brothers** to patiently wait? 5:7 s4im basic,observe ἰδοὺ, ὁ γεωργὸς ἐκδέχεται τὸν τίμιον καρπὸν τῆς γῆς 1 In this example, for what does **the farmer** await? 5:7 h5e2 basic,observe μακροθυμῶν ἐπ’ αὐτῷ ἕως λάβῃ πρόϊμον καὶ ὄψιμον 1 In this example, what must happen to produce the **precious fruit of the soil**? 5:8 d64g basic,observe μακροθυμήσατε καὶ ὑμεῖς; στηρίξατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 According to James, in what way should the believers follow the example of the farmer? 5:8 l107 basic,interpret στηρίξατε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν 1 What does James mean when he tells the believers to **strengthen** their **hearts**? 5:8 l106 basic,observe ὅτι ἡ παρουσία τοῦ Κυρίου ἤγγικεν 1 Here **because** introduces the reason the believers should **be patient** as they suffer under the actions of the rich. What is that reason? 5:9 kz78 basic,observe μὴ στενάζετε, ἀδελφοί, κατ’ ἀλλήλων 1 How should the believers treat one another as they patiently wait for the Lord’s coming? 5:9 l108 basic,observe ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε 1 Here **so that** introduces the reason the believers should **not complain about one another**. What is that reason? 5:9 l109 basic,observe ἰδοὺ, ὁ κριτὴς πρὸ τῶν θυρῶν ἕστηκεν. 1 Why is it so important for the believers to live in such a way as to **not be judged**? 5:9 s7a7 basic,interpret ὁ κριτὴς πρὸ τῶν θυρῶν ἕστηκεν. 1 What does James mean when he says that the Judge **is standing at the door**? 5:10 ktz2 basic,observe 1 ne7a basic,observe 1 l110 basic,observe 1 qw6j basic,observe 1 w4is basic,observe 1 zr62 basic,observe 1 l111 basic,observe 1 l112 basic,observe 1 l113 basic,observe 1 qq48 basic,observe 1 s97r basic,observe 1 yj6j basic,observe 1 l114 basic,observe 1 l115 basic,observe 1 l116 basic,observe 1 x1y4 basic,observe 1 u2di basic,observe 1 ca2k basic,observe 1 l117 basic,observe 1 hnr7 basic,observe 1 l118 basic,observe 1 pw8t basic,observe 1 adz8 basic,observe 1 l119 basic,observe 1 z1us basic,observe 1 z9m2 basic,observe 1 l120 basic,observe 1 yj15 basic,observe 1 snr9 basic,observe 1 xx57 basic,observe 1 bua3 basic,observe 1 b54a basic,observe 1 e2gp basic,observe 1 p1fm basic,observe 1 y2b3 basic,observe 1 l121 basic,observe 1 au2m basic,observe 1 s4js basic,observe 1 l122 basic,observe 1 rdi2 basic,observe 1 n2qz basic,observe 1 vh9d basic,observe 1 reb7 basic,observe 1 nqv7 basic,observe 1 c9x5 basic,observe 1 l123 basic,observe 1 b2k2 basic,observe 1 ud24 basic,observe 1 l124 basic,observe 1 u6sw basic,observe 1 l125 basic,observe 1 km8b basic,observe 1 l126 basic,observe 1 q9yb basic,observe 1 b65l basic,observe 1 l128 basic,observe 1 lr25 basic,observe 1 vlb3 basic,observe 1 l129 basic,observe 1 lnn1 basic,observe 1 l130 basic,observe 1 l131 basic,observe 1 ni3s basic,observe 1 l132 basic,observe 1 ytp9 basic,observe 1 l133 basic,observe 1 n263 basic,observe 1 l134 basic,observe 1 l135 basic,observe 1 l136 basic,observe 1 m5au basic,observe 1 xxw9 basic,observe 1 l137 basic,observe 1 psf8 basic,observe 1 l138 basic,observe 1 e6vu basic,observe 1 k53l basic,observe 1 uqr6 basic,observe 1 y8la basic,observe 1 wt3r basic,observe 1 h444 basic,observe 1 l139 basic,observe 1 y5g6 basic,observe 1 l140 basic,observe 1 m6eg basic,observe 1 g3wn basic,observe 1 l141 basic,observe 1 e8fk basic,observe 1 b7i6 basic,observe 1 ekw3 basic,observe 1 zv1j basic,observe 1 l142 basic,observe 1 l143 basic,observe 1 n4k3 basic,observe 1 s5lu basic,observe 1 l144 basic,observe 1 pp9f basic,observe 1 xly1 basic,observe 1 p2cy basic,observe 1 rs67 basic,observe 1 l145 basic,observe 1 abc4 basic,observe 1 l146 basic,observe 1 l147 basic,observe 1 l148 basic,observe 1 l149 basic,observe 1 hak5 basic,observe 1 l150 basic,observe 1 kd1y basic,observe 1 l151 basic,observe 1 c7wx basic,observe 1 l152 basic,observe 1 l153 basic,observe 1 b9xe basic,observe 1 byk6 basic,observe 1 l154 basic,observe 1 f2lt basic,observe 1 a1cg basic,observe 1 l155 basic,observe 1 c9e4 basic,observe 1 l156 basic,observe 1 l157 basic,observe 1 l158 basic,observe 1 q1ak basic,observe 1 l159 basic,observe 1 pk9z basic,observe 1 g5vg basic,observe 1 l160 basic,observe 1 qm1q basic,observe 1 xr2p basic,observe 1 h6fr basic,observe 1 q3f4 basic,observe 1 l161 basic,observe 1 f7e7 basic,observe 1 d52y basic,observe 1 g8aa basic,observe 1 e5en basic,observe 1 y77i basic,observe 1 jcz4 basic,observe 1 l162 basic,observe 1 l163 basic,observe 1 llz4 basic,observe 1 yy11 basic,observe 1 n1tl basic,observe 1 fzz6 basic,observe 1 y1i2 basic,observe 1 pgu4 basic,observe 1 llk9 basic,observe 1 f1ry basic,observe 1 w361 basic,observe 1 l164 basic,observe 1 l165 basic,observe 1 r8eh basic,observe 1 va82 basic,observe 1 p6aj basic,observe 1 n76z basic,observe 1 l166 basic,observe 1 h2i9 basic,observe 1 zl2q basic,observe 1 ceu3 basic,observe 1 gb25 basic,observe 1 y5qk basic,observe 1 tkg5 basic,observe 1 l167 basic,observe 1 l168 basic,observe 1 l169 basic,observe 1 l170 basic,observe 1 v22w basic,observe 1 uv8h basic,observe 1 l171 basic,observe 1 d3m8 basic,observe 1 dg8p basic,observe 1 l172 basic,observe 1 l173 basic,observe 1 w2pu basic,observe 1 zf6m basic,observe 1 l175 basic,observe 1 b86g basic,observe 1 l176 basic,observe 1 l177 basic,observe 1 rzv1 basic,observe 1 h9xl basic,observe 1 wk8m basic,observe 1 e52x basic,observe 1 s66m basic,observe 1 l178 basic,observe 1 l179 basic,observe 1 l180 basic,observe 1 du1b basic,observe 1 l181 basic,observe 1 l182 basic,observe 1 sxn9 basic,observe 1 b724 basic,observe 1 l183 basic,observe 1 mcq5 basic,observe 1 g7tw basic,observe 1 pz16 basic,observe 1 l184 basic,observe 1 l185 basic,observe 1 l186 basic,observe 1 l187 basic,observe 1 l188 basic,observe 1 pft3 basic,observe 1 gbp2 basic,observe 1 l189 basic,observe 1 pi82 basic,observe 1 r5pa basic,observe 1 l190 basic,observe 1 l8it basic,observe 1 l191 basic,observe 1 ak6i basic,observe 1 g3ip basic,observe 1 vuk3 basic,observe 1 pp3s basic,observe 1 l192 basic,observe 1 v9ls basic,observe 1 m136 basic,observe 1 w2d8 basic,observe 1 l3mz basic,observe 1 bvy5 basic,observe 1 l193 basic,observe 1 pgp3 basic,observe 1 l194 basic,observe 1 czb7 basic,observe 1 fn1u basic,observe 1 l195 basic,observe 1 wj3h basic,observe 1 k3hg basic,observe 1 jjp1 basic,observe 1 c1an basic,observe 1 jzm4 basic,observe 1 l196 basic,observe 1 b1ap basic,observe 1 gf8n basic,observe 1 gt3q basic,observe 1 ky8j basic,observe 1 tyj9 basic,observe 1 l197 basic,observe 1 jj3q basic,observe 1 l198 basic,observe 1 cu4v basic,observe 1 p2xw basic,observe 1 l199 basic,observe 1 phe6 basic,observe 1 r2x1 basic,observe 1 l200 basic,observe 1 nw1s basic,observe 1 i5zg basic,observe 1 q2yh basic,observe 1 h7tn basic,observe 1 uvm3 basic,observe 1 d3sh basic,observe 1 z2xa basic,observe 1 f8pm basic,observe 1 xdc5 basic,observe 1 vt9z basic,observe 1 z85v basic,observe 1 yf2b basic,observe 1 led5 basic,observe 1 s7aw basic,observe 1 w1m5 basic,observe 1 ed2t basic,observe 1 ur9a basic,observe 1 wkq5 basic,observe 1 jbl1 basic,observe 1 xit8 basic,observe 1 qev8 basic,observe 1 ni8x basic,observe 1 ck3f basic,observe 1 r3vy basic,observe 1 n1xx basic,observe 1 v18k basic,observe 1 bls8 basic,observe 1 hg5p basic,observe 1 k47d basic,observe 1 bg52 basic,observe 1 l202 basic,observe 1 y7yf basic,observe 1 l203 basic,observe 1 kde3 basic,observe 1 l204 basic,observe 1 hr5a basic,observe 1 ek2z basic,observe 1 l205 basic,observe 1 wm17 basic,observe 1 jxi9 basic,observe 1 l206 basic,observe 1 dcx6 basic,observe 1 g7h9 basic,observe 1 l207 basic,observe 1 uca7 basic,observe 1 v8ca basic,observe 1 l208 basic,observe 1 m4tc basic,observe 1 xj35 basic,observe 1 bch3 basic,observe 1